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Closed Coke Slurry System process

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Closed Coke Slurry System process[edit]

Closed Coke Slurry System process, in short CCSS process, describes technology in the mineral oil industry for handling petroleum coke which accumulates in a Delayed Coker after thermal cracking of crude oil residues. The technology was developed and patented by the Engineering Company TRIPLAN.[1][2].The first CCSS plant is expected to become operative by 2018 within the scope of coker reconstruction at a refinery in Danzig.[3] In the Annual Report 2015[4] the company explains, why the company selected this solution.

History[edit]

BAT Best Available Technology correspond to the traditional engineering concept of “state of the art”: According to this, a plant should ensure the lowest possible consumption level and emission level at justifiable cost. BAT conclusions are documents, which describe the best available techniques for emission reduction at plants of a specific field. The implementing decision subject to regulation 2010/75/EU of European Parliament and regulation for industrial issues is applicable since 30th October 2014 with respect to refineries of mineral oil and gas under reference number C(2014)7155 [5]. Among other things, delayed coking and fluid coking processes are covered in it (see: 32014D0738). Implementing decision of committee as of 30th October 2014. Thus, emission values for dust associated with BAT must have a monthly average value between 10 and 50 mg/Nm3 at existing plant (new plants: 10 to 25 mg/Nm3). These maximum permissible values are binding from 2018 for all refineries throughout Europe.

The Closed Coke Slurry process (CCSS) described below operates in an enclosed system without emitting dust.

Market for heavy crude oils[edit]

The mineral oil processing industry has to produce heavy crude oils continuously all over the world, thereby increasing the percentage of heavy residues. Simultaneously the market for highly sulfurous and highly contaminated metallic residues is further shrinking, since these can be hardly used as fuel for environmental reasons.

Traditional process[edit]

Delayed coking process is an alternative for breakdown of processed residues of heavier crude oils in refineries, in which petroleum coke is obtained as a byproduct. Batch wise production is a distinctive feature of a Delayed Coker: The coking chambers (a processing unit is made up of at least two or up to eight tanks in even numbers) are alternately filled with hard coke and which is then removed. Additionally, there exists a high percentage of mechanical components for processing, producing and storing of petroleum coke. The coke (which is still hot) is removed with a cutting process with high-pressure water, forming widely visible steam clouds on to a large concrete bed in front of the plant. Here, the water is drained off and is roughly cleaned from entrained coke in a slurry tank. Trestle cranes or front end loaders clear the coke from the concrete bed. Additional removal is undertaken by trucks, wagons or ships. Dumps are often used as intermediate storage sites. In many respects, these working stages have been – historically – problematic: • Coke dust and hydrocarbons are carried away with steam into the atmosphere. • The separation of high freight rates on fine coke particles / coke slurry entrained in water is unsatisfactory • Since this water in circular flow serves as high pressure medium for releasing coke from the chamber and fine particles seem highly abrasive, it results in an increased wear. • In comparison to remaining continuous refinery processes, the availability of plant is lower due to frequent repairs. Therefore, Delayed Coker operators have to provide for a long-term maintenance budget and cost of maintenance personnel.

CCSS process[edit]

For this purpose, Closed Coke Slurry System offers an alternative[6][7][8]: The coke is pulled out with water from coking chambers and is reduced to small pieces with special crusher. This mixture of coke and water is suitable for pumping and can be optionally pumped out in an enclosed system or even outside the refinery. In further steps, the mixture of coke and water is pumped into a tank (drum) for dewatering. This tank (drum) is equipped with straining channels, which ensure quick and effective separation of water; a high percentage of fine coke particles are left behind on the bed. The water being drained is further purified in an add-on tank from sediments and is re-used further in the unit. The drained, technically dry petroleum coke is directly loadable. The priority of the process is protecting both environment and the health of employees, and last but not the least, minimizing risk potential at the workplace.

Weblinks[edit]

References[edit]

Category: Petrochemical process


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  1. Gast, Ralf; Ag, Triplan (2012-11-15). "Patent WO2012152340 A1 - Google". Retrieved 2017-04-04.
  2. Gast, Ralf; Ag, Triplan (2012-11-15). "1. (wo2012152340) closed coke slurry system and method for gaining sellable petroleum coke pieces out of solidified petroleum coke in a coke drum unit". Retrieved 2017-04-04.
  3. "New Award in the Refining business in Poland: overall contract value estimated to be €304 MN". Kinetics Technology. 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2017-04-04.
  4. {{Cite web|url=http://www.raportroczny.lotos.pl/en/innovation-is-key-to-lasting-success/lotos-groups-key-projects-in-the-exploration-and-production-and-refining-segments/efra-project-effective-refining-i.e.-innovation-of-the-21st-century%7Ctitle=EFRA Project–Effective Refining, i.e. innovation of the 21st century|publisher=LOTOS
  5. Archived 2013-07-17 at the Wayback Machine, Umweltbundesamt, Dessau
  6. "HPI Innovations" (PDF). Gulf Publishing Company. 2012. Retrieved 2017-04-04.
  7. "Preventing emissions in coke removal". digitalrefining.com.
  8. "351665 The Closed Coke Slurry System - How to Prevent Coke Fine Particle Emissions in Delayed Coker Operations". aICHE.