Dersim ethnocide
The Dersim ethnocide committed by the Republic of Turkey occurs after the Dersim rebellion. Once the uprising was crushed, in an attempt to make the Kurds of Dersim Turkish, the Turkish authorities began operations of massacring and deporting the civilian population to throughout Turkey.[1][better source needed]
Background[edit]
The policy of population resettlement under the 1934 Law on Resettlment was a key component of the turkification process that began to be implemented first with the Armenian genocide in 1915 as Turkey transitioned from a pluralistic, multi-ethnic society to a "unidimensional Turkish nation-state". Martin van Bruinessen has argued that the 1934 law created "the legal framework for a policy of ethnocide." Dersim was one of the first territories where this policy was applied.[2]
According to report by the Interior Ministry (dated 1926), it was considered necessary to use force against the residents of Dersim.[3]. On November 1st, 1936, during a speech in parliament, Atatürk acknowledged Dersim as Turkey's most important interior problem [4].
The uprising was led by Seyid Riza, an Alevi Kurdish chieftain of the Yukarı Abbas Uşağı tribe.[5][better source needed] As a result of the Turkish military campaign in 1937 and 1938 against the uprising, thousands of Alevi Kurds Zazas[6][better source needed] died and many others were internally displaced due to the conflict.[citation needed]
Deaths[edit]
The estimates are varied, however the Turkish states official recognition is some 11,600 people deported and more than 13,000 killed.[7] The contemporary British estimate of the number of deaths was 40,000.[8]
References[edit]
- ↑ http://www.ekurds.com/english/dersimgenocide.htm
- ↑ George J Andreopoulos, Genocide, page 11.
- ↑ Beşikçi, I. (1991) Tunceli Kanunu (1935) ve Dersim Jenosidi, Bonn, Weşanên Rewşen, p.29
- ↑ Hasretyan, M. A. (1995) Türkiye'de Kürt Sorunu (1918-1940), Berlin, Wêşanên, ënstîtuya Kurdî: I.,p.262
- ↑ "Accueil - Sciences Po Violence de masse et Résistance - Réseau de recherche" (PDF). www.massviolence.org. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- ↑ http://www.massviolence.org/Dersim-Massacre-1937-1938 (According to the organisation encyclopedia of mass violence, Dersim is a Kurdish alevi province, and the massacre of turks were towards zaza speaking alevi kurds)
- ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-15857429
- ↑ David McDowall, A modern history of the Kurds, I.B.Tauris, 2002, ISBN 978-1-85043-416-0 Search this book on
., p. 209.
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