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List of colonial forces in the Eureka Rebellion

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki

Swearing Allegiance to the Southern Cross by Charles Doudiet (1854)

Template:Eureka Rebellion sidebar

This is an incomplete list of the British colonial forces of Australia that took part in the Battle of the Eureka Stockade and others that were present during the 1851-1854 Eureka Rebellion. As the status indicates in most cases, it is hard to be certain about which soldiers and police troopers were actually involved in besieging the Eureka Stockade or were held at the government camp in reserve. The fighting at Ballarat in Victoria, Australia on 3 December 1854 was the culmination of the gold miner's anti-mining tax movement during the Victorian gold rush. There were at least 27 deaths and many injuries, the majority of casualties being rebels. The miners had various grievances, chiefly the cost of mining permits and the officious way the system was enforced. There was an armed uprising in Ballarat where tensions were brought to a head following the death of miner James Scobie. On 30 November 1854, the Eureka Flag was raised during a paramilitary display on Bakery Hill that resulted in the formation of rebel companies and the construction of a crude battlement on the Eureka lead.

Fortification of the Eureka lead[edit]

Main article: Eureka Stockade (fortification)
An exhibit in the 1855 Victorian high treason trials being a plan of the Eureka Stockade

Following the oath swearing and Eureka Flag raising ceremony on Bakery Hill, about 1,000 rebels marched in double file to the Eureka lead, where the Eureka Stockade was constructed over the next few days. [1][2] It consisted of pit props held together as spikes by rope and overturned horse carts. Raffaello Carboni described it in his 1855 memoirs as being "higgledy piggledy".[3] It encompassed an area said to be one acre; however, that is difficult to reconcile with other estimates that have the dimensions of the stockade as being around 100 feet (30 m) x 200 feet (61 m).[4] Contemporaneous representations vary and render the stockade as either rectangular or semi-circular.[5] Testimony was heard at the high treason trials for the Eureka rebels that the stockade was four to seven feet high in places and was unable to be negotiated on horseback without being reduced.[6][note 1]

Lieutenant governor Charles Hotham feared that the goldfield's terrain would greatly favour the rebel snipers. Ballarat gold commissioner Robert Rede would instead order an early morning surprise attack on the rebel camp.[9] Carboni details the rebel dispositions along:

The shepherds' holes inside the lower part of the stockade had been turned into rifle-pits, and were now occupied by Californians of the I.C. Rangers' Brigade, some twenty or thirty in all, who had kept watch at the 'outposts' during the night.[10]

The location of the stockade has been described by Eureka veteran John Lynch as "appalling from a defensive point of view" as it was situated on "a gentle slope, which exposed a sizeable portion of its interior to fire from nearby high ground".[11][note 2]

In the early hours of 1 December 1854, the rebels were observed to be massing on Bakery Hill, but a government raiding party found the area vacated. The riot act was read to a mob that had gathered around Bath's Hotel, with mounted police breaking up the unlawful assembly. A three-man miner's delegation met with Rede to present a peace proposal; however, Rede was suspicious of the chartist undercurrent of the anti-mining tax movement and rejected the proposals as being the way forward.[15]

The rebels sent out scouts and established picket lines in order to have advance warning of Rede's movements and a request for reinforcements to the other mining settlements.[16] The "moral force" faction had withdrawn from the protest movement as the men of violence moved into the ascendancy. The rebels continued to fortify their position as 300-400 men arrived from Creswick's Creek, and Carboni recalls they were: "dirty and ragged, and proved the greatest nuisance. One of them, Michael Tuohy, behaved valiantly".[17] Once foraging parties were organised, there was a rebel garrison of around 200 men. Amid the Saturday night revelry, low munitions, and major desertions, Lalor ordered that any man attempting to leave the stockade be shot.[18]

Battle of the Eureka Stockade[edit]

Main article: Battle of the Eureka Stockade
Eureka Slaughter by Charles Doudiet (1854)
A map of the stockade and the opposing forces

Rede planned to send the combined military police formation of 276 men under the command of Captain John Thomas to attack the Eureka Stockade when the rebel garrison was observed to be at a low watermark. The police and military had the element of surprise timing their assault on the stockade for dawn on Sunday, the Christian Sabbath day of rest. The soldiers and police marched off in silence at around 3:30 am Sunday morning after the troopers had drunk the traditional tot of rum.[19] The British commander used bugle calls to coordinate his forces. The 40th regiment was to provide covering fire from one end, with mounted police covering the flanks. Enemy contact began at approximately 150 yards as the two columns of regular infantry and the contingent of foot police moved into position.[20]

According to military historian Gregory Blake, the fighting in Ballarat on 3 December 1854 was not one-sided and full of indiscriminate murder by the colonial forces. In his memoirs, one of Lalor's captains, John Lynch, mentions "some sharp shooting".[21] For at least 10 minutes, the rebels offered stiff resistance, with ranged fire coming from the Eureka Stockade garrison such that Thomas's best formation, the 40th regiment, wavered and had to be rallied. Blake says this is "stark evidence of the effectiveness of the defender's fire".[22]

The rebels eventually ran short of ammunition, and the government forces resumed their advance. The Victorian police contingent led the way over the top as the forlorn hope in a bayonet charge.[20][23] Carboni says it was the pikemen who stood their ground that suffered the heaviest casualties,[23] with Lalor ordering the musketeers to take refuge in the mine holes and crying out, "Pikemen, advance! Now for God's sake do your duty".[24] There were twenty to thirty Californians at the stockade during the battle. After the rebel garrison had already begun to flee and all hope was lost, a number of them gamely joined in the final melee bearing their trademark Colt revolvers.[25]

The strength of the various units in the government camp was: 40th regiment (infantry): 87 men; 40th regiment (mounted): 30 men; 12th regiment (infantry): 65 men; mounted police: 70 men; and the foot police: 24 men.[26] By the beginning of December, the police contingent at Ballarat had been surpassed by the number of soldiers from the 12th and 40th regiments.[20][27]

Key to military rank abbreviations[edit]

12th regiment[edit]

Main article: Suffolk Regiment
Colours of the 12th Regiment published in 1848

The 12th regiment traces its lineage back to the Duke of Norfolk's Regiment of Foot in 1685. In 1686, it became the Earl of Lichfield's Regiment of Foot. There was a reorganisation in 1751 following the War of the Austrian Succession, where it became the 12th Foot. The regiment took part in the Battle of Minden, where an allied army of British, Hanoverian, Hessian, and Prussians under Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick defeated the French commander Marshal Contades. This engagement took place in what became known as the "year of victories" and is commemorated in the regiment's battle honour. The regimental arms commemorate the defence of Gibraltar in 1779-1783. In 1782, it became the 12th (East Suffolk) Regiment. During the British conquest of Mysore in southern India, they were in action at the Battle of Seringapatam. Shortly before the Eureka Rebellion, the regiment was deployed to South Africa in the Kaffir War of 1851-1852. Other units within the regiment had served in Ireland.[28]

During the Eureka Rebellion, there was a skirmish involving the 12th Regiment and a mob of rebellious miners. Foot police reinforcements had already reached the Ballarat government outpost on 19 October 1854. A further detachment of the 40th (2nd Somersetshire) Regiment of Foot arrived a few days behind. On 28 November, the 12th Regiment arrived to reinforce the local government camp. As they moved near where the rebels ultimately made their last stand, there was a clash, where a drummer boy, John Egan and several other members of the convoy were attacked by a mob looking to loot the wagons.[29]

Tradition variously had it that Egan either was killed there and then or was the first casualty of the fighting on the day of the battle. However, his grave in Old Ballarat Cemetery was removed in 2001 after research carried out by Dorothy Wickham showed that Egan had survived and died in Sydney in 1860.[30]

After the tour in Australia, the 12th regiment was sent to New Zealand during the Second Maori War. In 1881, it became known as The Suffolk Regiment. There were postings throughout the British Empire, including in the First World War on the Western Front, Macedonia, Gallipoli, and in Palestine. In the Second World War, the regiment took part in the 1940 Battle for France and served in Malaya and Singapore from 1941 to 1942. It was in action during the Battle of Imphal during the Burma campaign. The regiment was amalgamated with The Royal Norfolk Regiment to form The East Anglian Regiment (Royal Norfolk and Suffolk) in 1959. In 1964, it became the 1st (Royal Norfolk and Suffolk) Battalion, The Royal Anglian Regiment, and then four years later the 1st Battalion. Records related to the 12th regiment during the Eureka Rebellion are held at the Suffolk Record Office.[28]

Name Rank Birth year Birthplace Status Legacy and notes Ref(s)
Robert Samuel Adair PVT (no 3329) unknown unknown wounded Adair was shot through the hand in the battle. Listed as "severely wounded" in the report of Colonel Edward Macarthur published in the Sydney Morning Herald, 19 December 1854 edition. [31][32]
B.T. Adams PVT unknown unknown not present Adams arrived in Melbourne on the Camperdown. He took leave and returned to England in late 1854 before the armed uprising. [33]
William Alderton SGT (no 2929) unknown unknown survivor Alderton was a sergeant in the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He was the informant for the death certificates of Privates Felix Boyle, Michael Roney, Joseph (or John) Wall, and William Webb. [34]
Edward Archer PVT (no 3090) unknown unknown survivor? Archer was with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [35]
George Bankes Floyer Arden ASST SUR 1832 Weymouth, England survivor? Arden was an assistant surgeon with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. In March 1885, he testified in the compensation case of Benden S Hassell, who was shot in the leg during the skirmish between a mob of rebellious miners and the 12th regiment on 28 November 1854. Arden examined drummer boy John Egan, who was erroneously thought to have died in the incident. [36]
Arthur Atkinson CPT unknown unknown survivor Atkinson was a lieutenant with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. On the day of the battle, he was assigned to guard the government camp in case the rebels attacked. Atkinson arrived in Victoria aboard the Empress Eugenie on 3 November 1854. He does not appear on the army lists of 1854 or 1856 or at any time before 1881. Atkinson was probably attached to the 12th regiment from another, possibly colonial unit. [37]
William Attwell PVT (no 3248) unknown unknown survivor? Attwell was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [37]
Joseph Barden PVT (no 2997) unknown unknown survivor? Barden was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [38]
John Barrow unknown unknown unknown survivor? Barrow was with the 12 regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [39]
James Berry
John Hill Birch PVT (3242) 1833 Dungannon, Country Tyrone, Ireland survivor? Birch was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [40]
William Bird PVT (no 3261) unknown unknown survivor? Bird was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [41]
James Bourne PVT (3087) unknown unknown survivor? Bourne was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [42]
Felix Boyle PVT (no 3280) 1822 Monaghan, Ireland died of wounds Boyle was a private with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He was hit in the nose and mouth by a musket ball that also shattered his jaw. Due to complications from his injuries, Boyle died on 10 January 1855. He was buried the next day in the soldier's enclosure at the Ballarat old cemetery. Boyle drive in the cemetery is named after him. [43][44]
John Bozen PVT (no 3210) 1834 England? survivor? Bozen was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He probably took part in the attack on the Eureka Stockade. [45]
Bartholomew Bradley PVT (no 3034) unknown Templebready, County Cork, Ireland survivor? Bradley was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He may have been the private Thomas Bradley (or Brodley) who testified against William Molloy at the committal hearings. [46]
William Bragg PVT (1010) unknown unknown survivor? Bragg was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [47]
Benjamin Brooker PVT (no 2924) unknown unknown survivor? Brooker was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [48]
George Brown PVT (no 3157) unknown unknown survivor? Brown was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [49]
James Brown PVT (no 3304) unknown unknown survivor? Brown was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [49]
John Bryan PVT (no 2853) unknown unknown survivor? Bryan was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was dispatched to Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, Bryan spent a day in the military hospital after the battle. [50]
George Bryant PVT (no 3291) unknown unknown survivor? Bryant was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [50]
Samuel Burgess PVT (no 3133) unknown unknown survivor? Burgess was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was despatched to Ballarat during the third muster. [51]
Frank R Burt PVT (no 2238) unknown unknown survivor? Burt was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [52]
James Bury PVT (no 2793) unknown unknown survivor? Bury was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [53]
William Butwell PVT (3307) unknown unknown wounded Butwell was with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He received a very serious compound fracture to his arm. Butwell was in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, he was hospitalised for 87 days. [54]
John Byers PVT (3229) unknown unknown survivor? Byers was with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He was recorded as being absent from duty from 13-14 January 1855. [54]
Andrew Canty PVT (3035) unknown unknown survivor? Canty was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [55]
Timothy Canty PVT (no 3092/3348) unknown unknown survivor? Canty was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [55]
Joseph Carrigan PVT (no 3169) unknown unknown survivor? Carrigan was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [56]
John Casey PVT (no 1328) unknown unknown survivor? Casserly was a sergeant with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present during the third muster. [57]
John Casserly SGT (no 1512) unknown unknown survivor? Casserly was a sergeant with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [57]
Charles Chamberlain PVT (no 2981) unknown unknown survivor? Chamberlain was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present during the third muster. According to the regimental pay list, Chamberlain spent two days in the military hospital after the battle. [58]
Edward Christie PVT (no 1079) unknown unknown survivor? Christie was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present during the third muster. According to the regimental pay list, Christie spent two days in the military hospital after the battle. [59]
Samuel Clampert PVT (no 2921) unknown unknown survivor? Clampert was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [60]
William Cliff PVT (no 2587) unknown unknown survivor? Cliff was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [61]
Jonas Collins PVT (no 3152) unknown unknown survivor? Colllns was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [62]
Thomas Cole DRUM 1844 Portsmouth, England survivor His obituary published in the Launceston Examiner, 30 March 1915 edition, mentioned that he was at the Eureka Stockade. Cole had joined the same regiment as his father in Hobart as a 12-year-old drummer boy. He died at age 70 in West Devonport, and it was reported that the cortege was one of the biggest ever in the town's history. The coffin was draped with the Union Jack and an Orange banner, and there were flowers and wreaths from the Devonport council, the Loyal Devon Orange Lodge, Saint George's Society, and the Presbyterian Sunday school. The graveside service was performed by the Reverend. D. S. Jones, and in the cortege were Lieutenants Loane and Dransfield, representing the armed forces. [63]
William Colvin CPL (no 2767) unknown unknown survivor? Colvin was a corporal with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [62]
Richard Coombe PVT (no 1151) unknown unknown survivor? Coombe was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [64]
Robert Cornish PVT (no 3052) unknown Kingsdon, Somerset, England survivor? Cornish was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [65]
John Cresswell PVT (no 3270) unknown unknown survivor? Cresswell was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [66]
William Crick SGT (no 2780) unknown unknown survivor? Crick was a sergeant with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [67]
John Cridge PVT 1833 West Hatch, Taunton, Somerset, England survivor? Cridge was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [67]
Joseph Cross PVT (no 3321) 1832 unknown survivor? Cross was a private with the 12th regiment in 1854. His military papers held at the Battye Library in Perth indicate that he was in the region of Ballarat at the time of the armed uprising. [68]
William Crothers PVT (no 3148) unknown unknown survivor? Crothers was a private with the 12th regiment in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [69]
Hayman Crude PVT (no 3130) unknown unknown survivor? Crude was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. According to the regimental pay lists, he spent nine days in the military hospital after the battle. Crude was later posted to Castlemaine. [70]
Thomas Culpeck PVT (no 2797) unknown unknown survivor? Culpeck was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. May have been the same Thomas Culpeck who married Mary Purtill in 1857 in Tasmania. [70]
Martin Daley PVT (no 3187) c.1835 Ireland survivor? Daley was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He arrived in Melbourne on the Camperdown on 18 October 1854. The regiment began the march to Ballarat three days later. [71]
William Davidson PVT (no 2566) unknown unknown survivor? Davidson was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was charged with a misdemeanour on 23 January 1855 and subsequently spent 29 days confined in the guard room. [72]
James Davie PVT (no 1169) unknown unknown survivor? Davie was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [72]
George Davis PVT (no 1036) unknown unknown survivor? Davis was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [73]
Samuel Davis PVT unknown unknown survivor? Davis was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [73]
Thomas Dawson PVT (no 2870 or 2570) 1832 Saint Mary's Parish, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England survivor? Dawson was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He arrived in Melbourne aboard the Empress Eugenie on 6 November 1854. [74]
Thomas Dewey PVT (no 3222) unknown unknown survivor? Dewey was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [75]
William Dick SURG 1811 Perth, Scotland survivor? Dick was a surgeon with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. [76]
John Donegan PVT (no 3220) unknown unknown survivor? Donegan was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [77]
Thomas Donnelly PVT (no 2246) unknown unknown survivor Donnelly was a private with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He later testified against Raffaello Carboni at the high treason trials. [78]
John Donohue PVT (no 3223) unknown unknown survivor? Donohue was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. On 1 February 1855, he was confined in the guard room for 46 days for a misdemeanour. [78]
John Dore PVT (no 3218) unknown unknown survivor? Dore was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He served as a corporal in New Zealand from 1860-1866. [78]
John Doward PVT (no 3308) unknown unknown survivor? Doward was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He later served in New Zealand from 1860 until he received a discharge on 7 September 1864. [79]
Peter Dowd PVT {no 3190) unknown Kilmore, County Meath, Ireland survivor? Dowd was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [79]
Thomas Downs PVT (no 2077) unknown Kilruth, County Clare, Ireland survivor? Downs was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [80]
John Drury PVT (no 1124) unknown unknown survivor? Drury was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [81]
John Duke PVT (no 3243) unknown unknown survivor? Duke was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [82]
Frederick Dutton PVT (no 2925) 1829 Cockfield, Suffolk, England survivor? Dutton was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [83]
John Egan DRUM (3159) 1839 Athlone, Ireland not present Egan was a drummer with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He received a wound to his leg on 28 November 1854 in the skirmish between the 12th regiment and a mob of rebellious miners looking to loot the wagons. Tradition variously had it that Egan either was killed there and then or was the first casualty of the fighting on the day of the battle. However, his grave in Old Ballarat Cemetery was removed in 2001 after research carried out by Dorothy Wickham showed that Egan had survived and died in Sydney in 1860. [29][30]
William Fennelly PVT (no 3042) unknown unknown survivor? Fennelly was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, Fennelly spent eight days in the military hospital after the battle. [84]
Adam Ferguson PVT (3160) unknown unknown survivor? Ferguson was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, Fennelly spent six days in the military hospital after the battle. [84]
Owen Ferguson PVT (no 3177) unknown unknown surivior? Ferguson was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [85]
John Finn PVT (no 1360) unknown unknown survivor? Finn was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [86]
John Finness PVT (no 3036) unknown unknown survivor? Finness was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, Finess spent seven days in the military hospital after the battle. [86]
Henry Fischer PVT (no 3160) unknown unknown survivor? Fischer was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [86]
Daniel Flynn PVT (no 1298) unknown unknown survivor? Flynn was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [87]
John Flynn PVT (no 3032) unknown unknown survivor? Flynn was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. On 23 February 1855, he was confined to the guard room for 19 days for a misdemeanour. [86]
James Ford PVT (no 1376) unknown unknown survivor? Ford was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [87]
Joseph Forsyth PVT (no 3149) unknown unknown survivor? Forsyth was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. On 24 January 1855, he was held in the guard room from 24 January to 15 February 1855 for a misdemeanour. [88]
William (Norm) French PVT (no 2865) unknown unknown wounded French was a private with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He was shot in the hip and severely wounded. [89]
George Fuller PVT (no 2945) unknown unknown survivor? Fuller was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [89]
William Furgis PVT (no 2465) unknown unknown survivor? Frugis was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [89]
Timothy Galvin PVT (no 3028) unknown unknown wounded Galvin was a private with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He was severely wounded in the neck and ear. [90]
Patrick Gaffeney PVT (no 2040) unknown unknown survivor? Gaffeney was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, he spent twenty-two days in the military hospital after the battle. [90]
William Gardiner PVT (no 1365) unknown unknown survivor? Gardiner was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, he spent thirty days in the military hospital after the battle. [90]
Thomas Garvey PVT (no 3276) unknown unknown survivor? Garvey was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [91]
Joseph Garwood PVT (no 3082) unknown unknown survivor? Garwood was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [91]
Alfred Gates PVT (no 3343) unknown unknown survivor? Gates was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [91]
Joseph Gibson SGT (no 1157) unknown unknown survivor? Gibson was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [92]
George Glading PVT (no 1506) unknown unknown survivor? Glading was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [93]
Henry Goddard PVT (no 3372 or 2852) unknown Woodhay, Hampshire, England survivor? Goddard was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [94]
Robert Grant PVT (no 3208) unknown unknown survivor? Grant was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [95]
William Green SGT (no 2844) unknown unknown survivor? Green was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [96]
Robert Griffin PVT (no 2555) unknown unknown survivor? Griffin was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [97]
Bryan Grimstone PVT (no 1194) unknown unknown survivor? Grimstone was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. On 20 October 1854, he was absent without leave. [97]
Thomas Grimwood PVT (no 3319) unknown unknown survivor? Grimwood was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [97]
William T Haddon PVT (no 3132) unknown unknown survivor? Haddon was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [98]
Henry Hall PVT (no 1173) unknown Edwardstone, Suffolk, England survivor? Hall was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [99]
John Hall LT unknown Kilkeady, Limerick, Ireland died of wounds Hall was a lieutenant with the 12th regiment at the Eureka Stockade. He probably sustained a gunshot wound in the advance on the stockade and died on 31 December 1854. [100]
William Hall PVT (no 3408) unknown unknown survivor? Hall was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [101]
Walter Hammond PVT (2979) unknown unknown survivor? Hall was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [102]
George Harding PVT (no 3259) unknown unknown survivor? Harding was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [103]
John Harding SGT (no 2138) 1816 Frensham, Surrey, England survivor? Harding was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [103]
John Hare PVT (no 3092) unknown unknown survivor? Hare was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was confined in the guard room from 22 December 1854 to 4 March 1855 for a misdemeanour. [103]
Richard Hargreaves PVT (no 1531) unknown unknown survivor? Hargreaves as a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [103]
David A Hawthorne PVT (no 3147) unknown unknown survivor? Hawthorne as a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [104]
George Hayman PVT (no 3309) unknown unknown survivor? Hayman as a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [105]
John Hearn PVT (no 3315) unknown Cork, Ireland survivor? Hearn as a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [106]
Absalom Hewitt PVT (no 982) unknown Cork, Ireland survivor? Hewitt as a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [107]
John L Hodgson SGT (no 1962) unknown unknown survivor? Hodgson was a sergeant with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [108]
Thomas Hogan PVT (no 3349) unknown Cork, Ireland survivor? Hogan was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, Hogan spent twenty-seven days in the military hospital after the battle. [109]
John Hoggett PVT (no 3327) unknown Drinkstone, Suffolk, England survivor? Hoggett was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [109]
John Holdred PVT (no 1415) unknown unknown survivor? Holdred was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [109]
John Hunt PVT (no 1090) unknown unknown survivor? Hunt was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [110]
John Hurstwaite PVT (no 3225) unknown unknown survivor? Hurstwaite was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [111]
William Hustable PVT (no 3262) unknown unknown survivor? Hustable was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [111]
James Huxley PVT (no 3212) unknown unknown survivor? Huxley was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [111]
Robert Jackson PVT (no 2019) unknown unknown survivor? Jackson was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [112]
James Jeffrey PVT (no 3292) unknown unknown survivor? Jeffrey was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [112]
William Jewell PVT (no 3297) unknown unknown survivor? Jewell was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [113]
Robert Johnstone PVT (no 2284) unknown unknown survivor? Johnstone was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [114]
William Johnstone (or Johnson) PVT (no 2986) unknown unknown survivor? Johnstone was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [114]
John Jones PVT (no 3049) unknown unknown survivor? Jones was with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [115]
Robert Jones PVT (no 2926) unknown unknown survivor? Jones was with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [115]
Finnes Jug PVT (no 3036) unknown unknown survivor? Jug was with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [116]
James Keeble PVT (no 2901) unknown unknown survivor? Keeble was with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [117]
Francis Keefe PVT (no 3213) unknown unknown survivor? Keefe was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [118]
James Keegan PVT (no 1341) unknown unknown survivor? Keegan was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [118]
Thomas Keen PVT (no 2954) unknown unknown survivor? Keen was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [118]
Francis Keethe PVT (no 3213) unknown unknown survivor? Keethe was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [118]
John Kelly PVT (no 3136) unknown unknown survivor? Kelly was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [118]
John Francis Kempt CPT 1805 England not present Kempt was a private with the 12th regiment in 1854. He was probably in Melbourne at the time of the battle. Kempt was involved in sending a detachment of soldiers to Ballarat in November 1854. [119]
John Kennedy PVT (no 1743) unknown unknown survivor? Kennedy was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [119]
William Kenwood PVT (no 1068) unknown unknown survivor Kenwood was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [120]
Edward Knight PVT (no 1427) unknown unknown survivor? Knight was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [121]
John Knight PVT (no 1018) unknown unknown survivor? Knight was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [121]
John Knowles PVT (no 3032) unknown unknown survivor? Knowles was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [122]
John Lackey PVT (no 3164) unknown unknown survivor? Lackey was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. According to the regimental pay lists, Lackey spent six days in the military hospital after the battle. [123]
William Lang CPL (no 2617) unknown unknown survivor? Lang was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [124]
John Langan (or Langham) PVT (no 1246) unknown unknown survivor? Langham was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [124]
William Lawrence PVT (no 2666/3281) unknown unknown survivor? Lawrence was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [125]
John Leakey PVT (no 3100) unknown unknown survivor? Leakey was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [126]
William Leggatt PVT (no 1210) unknown unknown survivor? Leggatt was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [127]
James Leonard PVT (no 1457) unknown unknown survivor? Leonard was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [128]
George Richard Littlehales LT 1824 Winchester, Hampshire, England survivor? Littlehailes was a lieutenant with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [129]
William Lumber PVT (no 3069) unknown unknown survivor? Lumber was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [130]
James Lynch PVT (no 2857) unknown unknown survivor? Lynch was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. He was present in Ballarat during the third muster. [131]
Joseph Lyness PVT (no 3200) unknown unknown survivor? Lyness was a private with the 12th regiment at Ballarat in 1854. [132]
John Marskand
William Martin
John McArdie
John McArthur
Edward McCormish
Thomas McDermott
John McGarry
Peter McGorrigle
Patrick McGrath
Edmund Medgley
John Melton
Jacob Moore
Michael Moran
Alfred Murray
Samuel Myers
Jeremiah Newell
Richard Norgrove
James Nowlan
Patrick O'Donnell
James O'Gready
John Reynolds Palmer
Samuel Parker
John Parkhouse
James Parry
Charles Pasley
William Paul
William Pawsey
Henry Perry
Henry Payne Rogers
William Percy
Michael Pinder
Henry Prince
Simon Pritzler
William Queade
William Quinn
Terence Rawson
John Reed
Robert Reid
James Reilly
Samuel Reynolds
William Revel
John Sargeant
Garret Shanahan
James Sharkey
Edward Sharpe
George Sharpe
John Shovlin
John Smith
Thomas Smith
Jesse Spalding
James Stewart
John Stewart
James Stowe
John Sullivan
William Sutcliffe
George Swatman
John Thomas
Henry Thompson
John Thompson
Henry Timmons
William Turner
Daniel Vaughan
William Underwood
James Wagstaff
Andrew Walker
George Warner
John Waters
Robert Watson
William Webb
George Wend
William Wilkinson
H.L. Williams
? Wise
George Wood
James Wright
Charles Yalden
Richard Young [133][134]

40th regiment[edit]

Main article: 40th (the 2nd Somersetshire) Regiment of Foot
The 40th regiment arrives in Ballarat from Melbourne

The 40th regiment traces its lineage back to 1717 at which time it was the Phillip's Regiment of Foot. It became the 40th Foot in 1782, and then in 1751, it was renamed the 40th (2nd Somersetshire) Foot. Its first battle honour was the capture along with other units of Montevideo, now the capital of Uraguay. During the war in Peninsular War, the regiment saw action at Roleia, Vimera, Talavera, Badajoz, Salamanca, and Vittoria. During the invasion of Napoleonic France, further honours were won at the Pyrenees, Nivelle, Orthes, and Toulouse. Later, the regiment saw action at the Battle of Waterloo. During the First Afghan War, the regiment was at Candahar, Ghuznee, and Cabool in 1842, and then at Maharajapore, India.[135]

The 40th regiment arrived in Victoria from England in October 1852 at the request of Lieutenant Governor Charles LaTrobe.

After the Eureka Rebellion, some members of the 40th regiment were posted to New Zealand. In 1881, it was amalgamated with the 82nd (The Prince of Wales's Volunteers) to form The South Lancashire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's Volunteers). During the First World War, the regiment saw action on the Western Front and in Gallipoli and Mesopotamia before being posted to Afghanistan in 1919. During the Second World War, it took part in the Battle of France in 1940. The regiment was then sent to the Far East for the Burma campaign and then participated in the Normandy D-Day landings in 1944. In 1958, it combined with The East Lancashire Regiment to form The Lancashire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's Volunteers). It amalgamated with The Loyal Regiment to become The Queen's Lancashire Regiment in 1970.[135]

Name Rank Birth year Birthplace Status Legacy and notes Ref(s)
? Adams LT [136]
Thomas Bass [136]
Josiah Bigsby PVT (no 3066) [136]
Thomas Bodely [136]
George Bowdler LT [136]
Thomas Breadley PVT (no 2026) [136]
Denis Brien PVT (no 2816) [136]
Patrick Butler [136]
John Broadhurst LT [136]
James Brown [136]
Thomas Bruce-Gardyne LT [136]
John Bryan [136]
George Byford PVT (no 3156) [136]
Patrick Burke [136]
Patrick Butler [136]
George Byford [136]
John Byrne PVT (no ?) [136]
John Cameron PVT (no ?) [136]
John Campbell PVT (no ?) [136]
Samuel Clampet PVT (no ?) [136]
William Cliff PVT (no ?) [136]
Edwin Coles PVT (no ?) [136]
Henry Collins PVT (no ?) [136]
William Cork PVT (no ?) [136]
Henry Cottes PVT (no ?) [136]
John J. Crow PVT (no ?) [136]
Martin Cusack PVT (no ?) [136]
George Davis
Patrick Dwyer
Henry Fisher
Thomas Fitzgerald
William French
Thomas Frost
William Gardener
Thomas Gardyne
Michael Gay
James Glancy
James Gore
Daniel Hagerty
Israel Hales
Charles Hall
Edward Harris
James Harris
John Harvey
Daniel Hegarty
James Hill
George Howdler
Alfred Hurlestone
R.C Hutchings
Joseph Jubb
William Juniper
Joseph Keeble
James Kelly
Lawrence Kelly
Hugh King
Johm Knowles
Charles Ladbrook
Francis Langham
Frederick Langham
John Langham
James Louge
Patrick Lynot?
William MacCarron
John Mallagh
William Manella
John Manning PVT
Michael McAdam
Peter McCabe
Justin MacCarthy
John McEvoy
Henry McDermott
Thomas McDermott
John McGurk
Samuel McKee
John Macoboy
William Manella
Michael McAdam?
Charles Meacham
Charles Miner
William Mole
Arthur Mollers
Michael Moran
Lot Mullen
Michael Murphy
William Murrell
Charles Must
John Neill
Thomas Nelson
Mark Noble
Michael O'Connel
Edward O'Dell
Bernard O'Donnell
Patrick O'Keefe
Henry Patchett
William Pearce
William Prayle
Joseph Rayner
Thomas Reed
Bailey Richards
Patrick Reilly
William Revel
Bailey Richards
Thomas Richards
William Richardson
Edward Riley
Michael Roney
John Ryan
John Sharland
Patrick Sinnott
William Smith
Cornelius Sorrell
James Stowe
Patrick Sullivan
William Swan
John Thomas
James Turner
Thomas Valiant
Joseph Wall
Patrick Walsh
William Webb
Cornelius Whelan
Henry Wise
Hans White
John White?
John Warren White CPT (no 2958) unknown unknown survivor Warren was a captain with the 40th regiment who was at the Eureka Stockade. He was part of the military convoy that arrived in Ballarat on 28 November 1854. It is said that during the battle, White cornered a rebel miner within the stockade. [137]

Other British regulars[edit]

Name Rank Birth year Birthplace Status Legacy and notes Ref(s)
Timothy Calvin unknown (no 3208) unknown unknown survivor — [138]
William Friend unknown (no 2958) unknown unknown survivor — [138]
James Hammond unknown unknown unknown died of wounds Hammond may have been at the Eureka Stockade serving with the 40th regiment. He is not listed as having ever been posted to Ballarat. However, Hammond is mentioned as having died on the return trip to Melbourne after the battle. [139]
Patrick Hynes PVT unknown unknown survivor Hynes was a private who was at the Eureka Stockade. He was the first cousin of John and Thomas Hynes brothers, the former having died during the battle. There are records that after the colonial forces returned to the government camp and were confined, one of the soldiers, almost certainly Hynes, asked for leave to attend the funeral of a relative who was among the fallen miners. [140]
? Keene unknown unknown unknown survivor — [136]
Patrick Shanahan unknown unknown unknown survivor — [136]

Key to police rank abbreviations[edit]

Victorian police[edit]

Main article: Victoria Police
The Eureka Flag fragments donated by the family of Constable John King to the Art Gallery of Ballarat
Eureka Stockade Riot by J.B. Henderson (1854)

Following the separation of Victoria from New South Wales on 1 July 1851, there was a need for the Victorian authorities to raise a police force. Initially, there were seven jurisdictions and departments: Melbourne and County of Bourke, the city of Geelong, the goldfields settlements, the marine police, the mounted police, and the regional bench constabulary. The Victorian police, as it is known today, was officially formed on 8th January 1853. In the 1850s, the police were an armed paramilitary gendarmerie where troopers and police were garrisoned at central locations, and there was no interaction with the civilian population. In Ballarat where there was a police camp at Golden later moved to Camp Street in mid 1852. Many serving police officers resigned and headed for the goldfields, with the Melbourne and County of Bourke commands falling from 139 men to 78.[141] To cope with the expansion of the mining industry, the Victorian government raised police wages 3d from 5/9 to 6/- per day and resorted to recruiting at least 130 former convicts from Tasmania who were prone to brutal means.[141] They would get a fifty per cent commission from all fines imposed on unlicensed miners and sly grog sellers. Plainclothes officers enforced prohibition, and those involved in the illegal sale of alcohol were initially handed 50-pound fines. There was no profit for police from subsequent offences, that were instead punishable by months of hard labour. This led to the corrupt practice of police demanding blackmail of 5 pounds from repeat offenders.[142][143][144] By January 1853, there were 230 mounted police throughout Victoria. By 1855, the number had risen to 485, including nine mounted detectives.[145] Most police officers lived in tents, and prior to the construction of a wooden lock-up, the prisoners would be chained to a large gum tree with an image being made by James Meek. When John Sadleir arrived on 6 January 1853, the tree had been cut down, and the prisoners were still chained to the tree where it fell.

There were no known casualties among the Victorian police contingent, who spearheaded the attack on the stockade. George Webster, the chief assistant civil commissary and magistrate, testified in the 1855 Victorian High Treason trials that upon entering the stockade, the besieging forces "immediately made towards the flag, and the police pulled down the flag".[146] John King testified, "I took their flag, the southern cross, down – the same flag as now produced."[147] In his report dated 14 December 1854, Captain John Thomas mentioned "the fact of the Flag belonging to the Insurgents (which had been nailed to the flagstaff) being captured by Constable King of the Force".[148] King had volunteered for the honour while the battle was still raging.[149] W. Bourke, a miner residing about 250 yards from the stockade, recalled that: "The police negotiated the wall of the Stockade on the south-west, and I then saw a policeman climb the flag pole. When up about 12 or 14 feet the pole broke, and he came down with a run".[150]

Foot police

Name Rank Birth year Birthplace Status Legacy and notes Ref(s)
Thomas Atkins CON unknown unknown survivor Atkins was with the foot police at the Eureka Stockade [37][151]
Wiliam Barry CON c.1833 unknown survivor His obituaries published in the Hobart Mercury (5 May 1898) and the Goulburn Evening Penny Post (5 May 1898) mention that he was a police orderly at the Eureka Stockade. [152]
Robert Calvin SGT unknown unknown survivor? Calvin was a sergeant of police in 1854. May have been at the Eureka Stockade. [153]
Charles Carter SI 1813 unknown survivor Carter was a sub-inspector in the foot police at the Eureka Stockade [154]
Hussey Chomley SI unknown unknown survivor Chomley was a sub-inspector and second in command of a police detachment kept in reserve at the Eureka Stockade on 3 December 1854 [155]
Michael Costelloe CON unknown unknown survivor? Costello was a constable at Ballarat during the rebellion. Along with William Scharlach and John Dougherty, he was present when James Bentley was first interviewed by the police. Costello also gave evidence at the subsequent inquest into the death of James Scobie. He was questioned about a private meeting between Bentley and magistrate John D'Ewes during the former's trial. [156]
Gordon Evans INS unknown unknown not present Evans was an inspector of police at Ballarat during the Eureka Rebellion. He was present at the public meeting on 17 October 1854. When called as a witness to the board of inquiry into the burning of Bentley's Hotel, Evans felt that the riot act should have been read. However, he was also worried that using force might only worsen the situation by using force and lead to loss of life. He testified that Henry Westoby helped to set fire to the Eureka Hotel and then again at the 1855 Victorian high treason trials. [157]
Thomas Crowther SGT unknown unknown survivor? Crowther was a police sergeant who was present when the Eureka Hotel was burned. He testified that he saw Andrew McIntyre enter the bowling alley belonging to John Emery and tear down wallpaper that was used by the arsonists to kindle the fire. [69]
Robert Evans INS unknown unknown not present Evans was appointed police inspector of Ballarat In February 1854. He was there to take the wounded Henry Powell's statement at the Albion Hotel after the battle. [158]
Henry Foster INS unknown unknown survivor? Foster was a police inspector in Ballarat in 1854. [88]
Samuel Stackpole Furnell SI unknown unknown survivor Furnell was a sub-inspector and served with the foot police at the Eureka Stockade on 3 December 1854. [159]
George Fraser CON unknown unknown survivor Fraser was with the foot police at the Eureka Stockade [160]
Joseph Glover CON unknown unknown survivor? Glover was a constable stationed at the Ballarat government camp in late November 1854. [161]
John Hagherty CON unknown unknown survivor? Hagerty was a police constable in Ballarat in 1854. [162]
Benjamin Hawkshaw SGT unknown unknown survivor? Hawkshaw was a police sergeant in Ballarat in 1854. He gave evidence against alleged Eureka Hotel arsonist Andrew McIntyre. [163]
George King SGT unknown unknown survivor King was a sergeant with the foot police at the Eureka Stockade. He was involved in apprehending Jacob Sorenson, who was later among the thirteen rebel prisoners put on trial for high treason. [164]
John King CON 1830 Tumurah, County Down, Ireland survivor King was with the foot police at the Eureka Stockade. He volunteered to capture the Eureka Flag while the battle was still raging. The flag pole when King was about 12 or 14 feet in the air.[150] He became a farmer after the high treason trials and exhibited the specimen at shows before his widow donated it to the Art Gallery of Ballarat for preservation in 1895. [165]
Ladislaus Kossak SI 1828 Wisnicz, Poland survivor Kossak was a police sub-inspector at the Eureka Stockade. He commanded the 70 Victorian police alongside Samuel Furnell, Thomas Langley, and Hussey Chomley. [166]
Robert McLister SGT unknown unknown survivor? McLister was a police sergeant at Ballarat in 1854. In 1858, he was a gold miner living in Geelong, the year his wife, Catherine Fenton of County Donegal, Ireland, died. [167]
Thomas Milne SGT unknown unknown survivor Milne was a police sergeant at the Eureka Stockade. At the time of the battle, he had been posted to Ballarat for about four months. [168]
Robert Milne SGM unknown unknown not present Milne was a sergeant major with the foot police at Ballarat in October and November 1854. He was suspected of accepting bribes from sly grog sellers on the goldfields. It was resolved at a meeting of the Ballarat Reform League that Milne be removed on the grounds that he had perjured himself before the board of enquiry into the burning of the Eureka Hotel and the death of James Scobie. He was the fourth witness to appear on 3 November 1854. A week later, Milne was recalled to clarify a few matters. Lieutenant Governor Charles Hotham dismissed him on 20 November 1854. [169]
Henry Moore SI unknown unknown survivor? Moore was a sub-inspector of police at Ballarat in 1854. On 30 November 1854, Moore witnessed Chapman point a pistol at some troopers and gave orders that he be taken into custody. [170][171]
? Nugent CON unknown unknown survivor? Nugent was a police constable accused of wrongdoing by Thomas Llewellyn in late 1854. [172]
James Pepper CON unknown unknown survivor? Pepper was a police constable at Ballarat in 1854. [173]
Andrew Peters CON unknown Denmark not present Peters is referred to by Raffaello Carboni as a spy who was embedded in the Eureka Stockade garrison. He testified before the Ballarat bench against Carboni, who he said had been drilling the rebel volunteers. Peters positively identified John Joseph and Timothy Hayes at the committal hearings. He also stated that he saw John Manning drilling on 30 November and 1 December 1854. [174]
Robert Pulley CON unknown unknown survivor? Pulley was a police constable at Ballarat in 1854. He was present at the burning of the Eureka Hotel. [175]
John Sadlier SI unknown Ireland not present Sadlier was a sub-inspector of police at Ballarat in 1854. In his 1898 memoirs, he recalls being at the police headquarters in Flinders Street, Melbourne, on the day of the battle. Sadlier recalls his concern as small crowds gathered nearby as news of the armed uprising reached the capital. He was involved in the hunt for the Kelly gang in 1878-1880. As a police superintendent, he was in command for part of the siege at Glenrowan, where Ned Kelly was captured. [176]
William Scharlach CON unknown unknown survivor? Scharlach was a police constable at Ballarat in 1854. He was present along with Michael Costello at the initial police interrogation of James Bentley. Scharlach was questioned by the board of enquiry into the burning of the Eureka Hotel about Bentley having a private meeting with magistrate John D'Ewes during the former's trial. [177]
Peter Henry Smith INS unknown County Mayo, Ireland survivor? Smith was a police inspector in Ballarat in 1854. He was a friend of John King and may have taken part in the battle. [178]
William Thompson CON 1826 Coupar Angus, Perthshire, Scotland survivor? Thompson was a police constable at Ballarat in 1854. He testified against Henry Westoby at his trial over the burning of the Eureka Hotel. [179]
Robert Tulley CON unknown unknown survivor? Tulley was a police constable at Ballarat in 1854. He testified against Raffaello Carboni at the high treason trials. Tulley was also a witness in the inquest into the death of Mary Buchanan in 1854. He was a signatory to the Benden S Hassell compensation petition in 1855. [180]
Edward Viret SGT unknown unknown survivor? Viret was a police sergeant at the Eureka Stockade. He testified at the board of enquiry into the burning of the Eureka Hotel and the committal hearings in the high treason trials. [181]
Michael Wigley CON unknown unknown survivor? Wigley was a police constable at Ballarat in 1854. [182]
Thomas Wood CON unknown unknown survivor? Wood was a police constable at Ballarat in 1854. He testified at the trial of Albert Hurd following the burning of the Eureka Hotel. [183]
Maurice Frederick Ximenes SI 1817 unknown survivor Ximenes was a sub-inspector with the police at the Eureka Stockade. He was present at the burning of the Eureka Hotel. He ordered some of his subordinates to hide inside the hotel and lent his horse to John Bentley so he could flee the scene. On 30 November 1854, Ximenes led the final provocative licence inspection four days before the fall of the Eureka Stockade. Inspector Henry Foster said it would be dangerous for Ximenes to be "seen alone on the diggings". John Sadleir wrote that Ximenes was also less than popular in the government camp. On one occasion, he went a few hundred yards from his tent, and when he returned, the sentry asked for the password, which Ximenes did not know. When the sentry persisted, Ximenes ran into his tent and drove his bayonet into a nearby tent pole behind him. Sadlier states, "it was all a bit of spite, but the police officer took good care in the future to learn the password. [184]

Mounted police

Name Rank Birth year Birthplace Status Legacy and notes Ref(s)
John Badcock TPR unknown unknown survivor Badcock was with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. Later gave evidence against James Beattie, Raffaello Carboni, and Phillips at the 1855 Victorian High Treason trials. [185][186]
Thomas Conboy TRP unknown unknown survivor? Conboy may have served with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade [187]
John Concritt TRP unknown unknown survivor Concritt served with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. In February 1855, he testified at the trial of Raffaello Carboni. [188]
John Culkin TPR unknown unknown survivor Culkin served with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. During the battle, he struck John Phelan with the flat of his sword. [189][190]
Henry Downing TRP unknown Canada survivor His obituary published in the Melbourne Herald, 3 April 1917 edition, mentions that he was a Canadian who was with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. When in the reminiscent mood, he would relate his many stirring memories of the Stockade". He was the brother of Sir George Downing of the British Royal Navy. [191]
John Gillman SGT unknown unknown wounded Gillman was a sergeant in the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. He testified at Bryant's committal hearing that he took him prisoner after a struggle where Gillman sustained a wound to his head by a sword. [192]
William Graham SGT unknown unknown survivor? Graham testified at the committal hearings that he was a sergeant of the mounted police at Ballarat on 30 November 1854 when a crowd of miners began throwing stones at the police, and a miner named Chapman aimed a pistol at him that was later found to be loaded. [193][194]
Gerald De Courcy Hamilton LT 1828 Florence, Italy survivor Hamilton was a lieutenant and adjutant of the gold-mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. [195]
James Langley SI unknown unknown survivor Langley was a sub-inspector with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. [196][197][198]
Thomas Langley SSI unknown unknown survivor Langley was a senior sub-inspector of the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. He was involved in the arrest of Timothy Hayes at 2:30 am on the day of the battle about 300 yards away from the stockade. He testified at the committal hearings of Hayes and John Joseph. Langley then appeared in the high treason trials, where Hayes was one of the defendants. [199]
Michael Lawler SGT unknown unknown survivor Lawler was a sergeant with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. He was present during the burning of Bentley's Hotel on 17 October 1854, later giving testimony implicating Henry Westoby. Lawler charged the flank of the stockade, and it is believed he shot and wounded Peter Lalor. [125]
James Lord TRP unknown unknown survivor? Lord was the trooper responsible for the arrest of Johannes Gregorius for not having a mining licence, even though, as the disabled servant of the Catholic priest Patrick Smyth, he was exempt from the requirement. This caused outrage among the Catholic population in the lead-up to the armed uprising. [200]
William Nevil TRP unknown unknown survivor? Neville was with the mounted police at Ballarat in 1854. He testified that on 30 November 1854, he saw Chapman with a cocked pistol. Neville asked him to drop the pistol or be shot, and Champman complied. [201]
William Nolan SGT unknown unknown survivor? Nolan was a sergeant with the mounted police at Ballarat in 1854. He was present during the burning of the Eureka Hotel, later giving evidence implicating Henry Westoby. In the lead-up to the battle, Nolan served as an undercover agent. [202]
Michael O'Brien TRP? c.1835 County Wicklow, Ireland wounded His obituary in the Hamilton Spectator mentions that O'Brien was at the Eureka Stockade. He was shot in the leg and probably served as a trooper with the mounted police. [203][204]
Edward Preece TRP unknown unknown survivor Preece was with the mounted police at the Eureka Stockade. It is said that he was involved in the wrongful death of non-combatant Arthur Akehurst. [205]
Henry Wright TRP unknown unknown survivor? Wright was a trooper in the mounted police at Ballarat in 1854. He was present at the burning of the Eureka Hotel and later testified against Albert Hurd. [206]

Others

Name Rank Birth year Birthplace Status Legacy and notes Ref(s)
Gartner ? unknown unknown unknown survivor? — [145]
Henry Goodenough DET 1829 Hanham, near Bristol, England not present Goodenough acted as a government spy agent during the Eureka Rebellion, attending many gatherings dressed in plain clothes and later appearing as a crown witness in the high treason trials. [207]
? Wendon unknown unknown unknown survivor? His obituary published in the Brisbane Telegraph, 18 June 1894 edition, mentions that Wendon was with the police at Ballarat during the armed uprising. [208]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ↑ Peter Lalor himself said the wooden structure was never meant to be a fortress, saying "it was nothing more than an enclosure to keep our own men together, and was never erected with an eye to military defence".[7] However Peter FitzSimons says that Lalor may have downplayed the fact that the Eureka Stockade may have been intended as something of a fortress, at a time when "it was very much in his interests" to do so.[8]
  2. ↑ A detachment of 800 men, which included "two field pieces and two howitzers" under the commander in chief of the British forces in Australia, Major General Sir Robert Nickle, who had seen action during the 1798 Irish rebellion, arrived after the insurgency had been put down.[12][13] In 1860, Withers stated in a lecture that "The site was most injudicious for any purpose of defence as it was easily commanded from adjacent spots, and the ease with which the place could be taken was apparent to the most unprofessional eye".[14]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ Corfield, Wickham & Gervasoni 2004, pp. xiii, 196.
  2. ↑ Carboni 1855, p. 59.
  3. ↑ Carboni 1855, pp. 77, 81.
  4. ↑ FitzSimons 2012, p. 648, note 12.
  5. ↑ Corfield, Wickham & Gervasoni 2004, pp. 190-191.
  6. ↑ The Queen v Joseph and others, 29 (Supreme Court of Victoria 1855).
  7. ↑ Historical Studies: Eureka Supplement 1965, p. 37.
  8. ↑ FitzSimons 2012, p. 648, footnote 13.
  9. ↑ Three Despatches From Sir Charles Hotham 1978, p. 2.
  10. ↑ Carboni 1855, p. 96.
  11. ↑ Blake 2012, p. 88.
  12. ↑ Three Despatches From Sir Charles Hotham 1978, p. 7.
  13. ↑ Blake 1979, p. 93.
  14. ↑ Harvey 1994, p. 24.
  15. ↑ MacFarlane 1995.
  16. ↑ Withers 1999, p. 94.
  17. ↑ Carboni 1855, pp. 78-79.
  18. ↑ Withers 1999, pp. 116-117.
  19. ↑ "Eureka Stockade | Ergo". ergo.slv.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 2022-08-24.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Thomas, John Wellesley (3 December 1854). Captain Thomas reports on the attack on the Eureka Stockade to the Major Adjutant General (Report). Public Record Office Victoria. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2024. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  21. ↑ Lynch 1940, p. 30.
  22. ↑ Blake 2012, p. 133.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Carboni 1855, p. 98.
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