Process Intensification
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Process Intensification[edit]
A set of innovative principles and strategies applied to process and equipment design is defined as process intensification (PI) in the European Roadmap of process intensification (PI). This can lead to significant improvements in process efficiency and chain performance, lower capital and operating costs, better product quality, less waste, and improved process safety.[1][2] The term PI is commonly used by the research community specially chemical, mechanical and energy science researchers. Several set of PI strategies were used in the recent past to enhance overall heat and mass transfer efficacy existing technologies. These strategies were classified as, (1) Active approaches; (2) Passive approaches.[3] Passive approaches to mixing incorporate changes in geometry, complex configurations, microstructured systems, and oscillating baffled reactors, which are not powered externally.[4] For active mixing to occur, external fields must be applied (microwave, ultrasonication, pulsation, mechanical vibration). In combination with geometry-based passive mixing strategies, an active mixing strategy can increase the overall mass-transfer coefficient in the microchannel for the biphasic system. Pharmaceuticals and biochemical industries rely heavily on continuous mixing approaches like oscillatory baffled reactors (OBRs), oscillatory bubble reactors, and coiled flow reactors. Recent decades have seen various mesoscale OBR designs (orifice baffles, helical baffles, integral baffles, axial circular/central baffles, disks, and donuts)[5]. Several process intensification strategies are explored and developed in last decennium and listed below
(1)Active approaches[edit]
change in shape, configurations, microstructure.
(2) Passive approaches[edit]
External field (rotation, vibration, pulsation, ultrasonication), temporal intensification (microwave, magnetic field).
(3)Third substance[edit]
Nanoparticles, surfactant.
References[edit]
- ↑ Y Kumar, P Jaiswal,K D P Nigam,D Panda,K G Biswas,A critical review on nanoparticle-assisted mass transfer and kinetic study of biphasic systems in millimeter-sized conduits,Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification,2022,170,108675,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2021.108675
- ↑ S. Sitter,Q. Chen, I.E Grossmann,An overview of process intensification methods,Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering,2019,25,87-94,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2018.12.006
- ↑ J. Green, A. Holdø, A. Khan, A review of passive and active mixing systems in microfluidic devices, Int. J. Multiphys. 1 (2007) 1–32, https://doi.org/10.1260/175095407780130544.
- ↑ T. McGlone, N.E.B Briggs,C.A. Clark, C.J. Brown,J. Sefcik, A.J. Florence, Oscillatory Flow Reactors (OFRs) for Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallization. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2015, 19 (9), 1186– 1202, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00225
- ↑ A.N.Phan, A.Harvey,Development and Evaluation of Novel Designs of Continuous Mesoscale Oscillatory Baffled Reactors. Chem. Eng. J. 2010, 159 (1–3), 212-219,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2010.02.059
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