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Kris Mullins

2025-07-29T14:26:23Z

WritingSnowman: corrected information

{{Short description|American entrepreneur and actor}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Kris Mullins
| other_names = Kris Kraze Mullins
| birth_name = Kristopher Mullins
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1985|04|23}}
| birth_place = [[United States]]
| alma_mater = [[San Diego City College]] [[Coastline Community College]] [[Platt College (San Diego)|Platt College]]
| occupation = Entrepreneur, actor
| website = [https://kriskraze.com/ www.kriskraze.com]
}}

'''Kristopher Mullins''' (born April 23, 1985) is an entrepreneur and actor who has worked in special effects for music videos and founded multiple business ventures. He is the founder of iLikeThatDJ Ent., KCM Investments, CryoFX, Co2 Cannon, HollywoodSpecialFX, Project Green Advancements, Mullins & McGinn Publishing, SanitizeFX, and Founders Field Day.

== Early life and education ==
Mullins attended [[San Diego City College]], earning an Associate of Arts degree in Electronic Music Production in 2004. He obtained an Associate of Science degree in Engineering from [[Coastline College|Coastline Community College]] in 2005. In 2006, he completed an Associate of Arts degree in Web Design, Graphic Design, and Marketing from [[Platt College (San Diego)|Platt College]], followed by a Bachelor of Arts in Video Production, Marketing, and Branding in 2008. In 2011, Mullins earned a Bachelor of Applied Science in Music from [[San Diego City College]].{{citation needed|date= June 2025}}

He completed a Master Practitioner certification in [[Neuro-linguistic programming|Neuro-Linguistic Programming]] from the Academy of Applied Psychology in 2021. In 2025, he obtained an NCI-2 certification in behavior profiling from Neuro-Cognitive Intelligence University.{{citation needed|date= June 2025}}

== Career ==

=== Special effects and acting ===
Mullins has worked as a special effects supervisor for music video productions, including ''Starlight (Could You Be Mine)'' (2014) by [[Don Diablo]] & Matt Nash, [[Like Home|''Like Home'']] (2013) by [[Nicky Romero]] & [[Nervo (DJs)|Nervo]], and ''Take Me'' (2016) by [[Nicky Romero]] featuring [[Colton Avery]].

He has appeared in music videos, including [[Legacy (Nicky Romero and Krewella song)|''Legacy'']] (2013) by [[Nicky Romero]] & [[Krewella]] and ''Take Me'' (2016) by [[Nicky Romero]].

In 2013, Mullins was featured on the TV Show ''Total Blackout'' alongside his brother Kenny Mullins, later performing as artists DJ Kray-Z-K, and Jakato.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4M1KYmCUtSo |title=Total Blackout ft. Kray-Z-K & Jakato |date=2013-02-05 |last=DJ Kray-Z-K |access-date=2025-03-17 |via=YouTube}}</ref>

=== Business ventures ===
Mullins founded CryoFX LLC, a company that provides CO2 effects for immersive [[Electronic Arts]] (EA).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dalal |first=Caroline |title=Luxe Vegas: Hitting the Jackpot of Style and Sophistication |url=https://resident.com/destinations/2025/01/11/luxe-vegas-hitting-the-jackpot-of-style-and-sophistication |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Resident Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2016-05-21 |title=Great America ready to unleash thrilling 'Mass Effect' - San Jose Mercury News |url=http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_29904591/great-america-ready-unleash-thrilling-mass-effect |access-date=2025-03-17 |archive-date=2016-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521023212/http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_29904591/great-america-ready-unleash-thrilling-mass-effect |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> His company, CryoFX LLC, provided CO2 effects for ''Mass Effect: New Earth'' at California’s Great America.<ref name=":0" /> He co-founded Mullins & McGinn Publishing, a digital content and website management firm. During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], he launched SanitizeFX, a company focused on sanitation products. From 2024 to 2025, Mullins was the Chief Marketing Officer at Capital Max.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hub |first=The Human Capital |title=How to Attract Top Talent in a Remote World: 9 Best Practices |url=https://www.thehumancapitalhub.com/articles/how-to-attract-top-talent-in-a-remote-world-9-best-practices#google_vignette |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Human Capital Hub |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Plahonina |first1=Mary |last2=admin |date=2024-05-16 |title=Big Data Insights: Leveraging Analytics To Refine E-commerce Marketing Strategies {{!}} REVERB |url=https://reverbico.com/blog/big-data-insights-leveraging-analytics-to-refine-e-commerce-marketing-strategies/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mistakes to Avoid When Using Lead Generation Apps for Recruitment |url=https://www.robinwaite.com/blog/top-7-mistakes-to-avoid-when-using-lead-generation-apps-for-recruitment |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=www.robinwaite.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Margaret |title=2024's Hottest Investment? Despite Housing Crisis, Experts Explain Why Rental Properties Will Make You Rich |url=https://www.benzinga.com/real-estate/24/07/39662917/2024s-hottest-investment-despite-housing-crisis-experts-explain-why-rental-properties-will-make-you |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Benzinga |language=English}}</ref> He is a team member of Legends Equity Group, a business network focused on investment and entrepreneurship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet the Legends Tribe |url=https://www.legendsequitygroup.com/blank-2 |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Legends Equity Group |language=en}}</ref>

In logistics, Mullins has worked on AI-driven analytics, digital tracking systems, and automated dispatch solutions for freight management. He has contributed to digital branding and marketing strategies and has discussed AI's role in remote employee onboarding, automation in branding, and AI-generated voices for corporate identity.<ref>{{Cite web |last=IndustryTrends |date=2024-09-06 |title=How to Use Automation to Simplify Your Remote Hiring Process |url=https://www.analyticsinsight.net/tech-news/how-to-use-automation-to-simplify-your-remote-hiring-process |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Analytics Insight |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=PYMNTS |date=2024-08-14 |title=Multimodal AI Impacts Retail From Voice Assistants to Checkout-Free Shopping |url=https://www.pymnts.com/artificial-intelligence-2/2024/multimodal-ai-impacts-retail-from-voice-assistants-to-checkout-free-shopping/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=PYMNTS.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kris Mullins Archives {{!}} PYMNTS.com |url=https://www.pymnts.com/tag/kris-mullins/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=www.pymnts.com}}</ref>

Mullins has discussed gaming industry trends, advocating for tools that allow players to form in-game communities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sayers |first=Simon |date=2024-05-16 |title=Leveraging Gaming Communities: Effective Digital Marketing Strategies for In-Game Engagement |url=https://www.psu.com/news/leveraging-gaming-communities-effective-digital-marketing-strategies-for-in-game-engagement/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=PlayStation Universe |language=en-US}}</ref> In retail trading, he has commented on vulnerabilities in digital infrastructure, emphasizing the need for technological updates to handle system outages and increased trading volumes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lyudvig |first=Anna |date=2024-08-08 |title=Broker Outages Highlight Vulnerabilities in the Infrastructure of Retail Trading Platforms |url=https://www.tradersmagazine.com/featured_articles/brokerage-outages-highlight-vulnerabilities-in-the-infrastructure-of-online-trading-platforms/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Traders Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>

Mullins launched the Virtual Scaling Accelerator Program and the V.E.T.E.R.A.N.S. Blueprint Framework, focusing on business expansion and [[marketing automation]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Editorial |date=2025-02-13 |title=Serial Entrepreneur Launches Global Programs for Business Growth and Scaling: Expert Reveals Blueprint for Success in Marketing, Automation, and Scaling Strategies - The Citizen Pulse |url=https://thecitizenpulse.com/serial-entrepreneur-launches-global-programs-for-business-growth-and-scaling-expert-reveals-blueprint-for-success-in-marketing-automation-and-scaling-strategies/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=thecitizenpulse.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Kris Mullins Joins Legacy Makers TV to Share insights on Scaling Businesses, Mastery, and Entrepreneurial Success |url=https://www.fox21news.com/business/press-releases/ein-presswire/786994269/kris-mullins-joins-legacy-makers-tv-to-share-insights-on-scaling-businesses-mastery-and-entrepreneurial-success/ |website=Fox21 News}}</ref>

=== Media and public engagements ===
Mullins has spoken about business growth, marketing, and automation in various forums. Since 2022, he has been associated with the [[Grant Cardone]] 10X Business Coach Program. He appeared in the television series ''Legacy Makers'' to discuss his business approach.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mullins |first=Kris |title=Watch Kris Mullins in Legacy Makers Coming Summer 2025 |url=https://www.legacymakerstv.com/kris-mullins |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=www.legacymakerstv.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

In 2023, [[The Wall Street Journal|''The Wall Street Journal'']] referenced Mullins in coverage of the car-sharing platform [[Turo (company)|Turo]], where he discussed rental business models.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swNgImx5Vwk |title=Why Turo, the 'Airbnb for Cars', Is Angering Rental Companies {{!}} WSJ |date=2019-11-26 |last=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=2025-03-17 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Turo, the 'Airbnb for Cars', Angers Rental Car Companies |url=https://www.wsj.com/video/series/in-depth-features/turo-the-airbnb-for-cars-angers-rental-car-companies/630DBF81-3E2E-46A5-B147-3C3AE42C53D8?mod=bizbuysell_trending_now_video_pos2 |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=WSJ |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-02 |title=Turo OpenRoad |url=https://openroad.turo.com/updates/2019/12/2/turo-the-airbnb-for-cars-angers-rental-car-companies |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=Turo OpenRoad |language=en-US}}</ref> His perspectives on marketing and investment strategies have been included in articles by ''GoBankingRates'' and ''Marketer Interview''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Real Estate Experts: Why You Don't Want To Wait To Invest In Rental Properties |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/real-estate-experts-why-don-130044917.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAEw-LWU497KuDsRIepodwjT1o_grZvBStIkejvNE6Uc3-yA1LDmWwSXp1T_37r_gC5_FWdyiSdenzix_tz3ljVhlcXNTFBwTE7ideQak-kcwcirM4PpiXtYUwAEw9ODM3vJplqL5DsMNAZ_TKGkwvS8v3qIkwatimDmdtoh9Sa03 |website=Yahoo Finance}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=AOL |url=https://www.aol.com/finance/real-estate-experts-why-don-130044312.html?guccounter=1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Here's How Much Millennials Can Save by Moving From NYC to the South |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/retirement/here-s-how-much-millennials-can-save-by-moving-from-nyc-to-the-south/ar-BB1pBrlR?ocid=BingNewsVerp |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=www.msn.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-08 |title=Here's How Much Millennials Can Save by Moving From NYC to the South |url=https://www.gobankingrates.com/money/economy/heres-how-much-millennials-can-save-by-moving-from-nyc-to-the-south/ |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=GOBankingRates |language=en}}</ref>

He has commented on changes to real estate commission rules, noting the potential impact on competitive offers and transaction speed in the housing market.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How the new real estate commission rules hurt homebuyers |url=https://www.consumeraffairs.com/news/how-the-new-real-estate-commission-rules-hurt-homebuyers-081924.html |website=ConsumerAffairs}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|16934413}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mullins, Kris}}
[[Category:1985 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American businesspeople]]
[[Category:American male actors]]
[[Category:Technology company founders]]
[[Category:Marketing people]]
[[Category:American media personalities]]
[[Category:American company founders]]
[[Category:American technology executives]]
[[Category:21st-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:Artificial intelligence researchers]]
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{{Source Wikipedia}}

Kept on Wikipedia:De Mysteriis

2024-07-21T03:42:15Z

WritingSnowman: Redirected page to De Mysteriis

#REDIRECT [[De Mysteriis]]

De Mysteriis

2024-07-21T03:42:09Z

WritingSnowman: copied from Kept on Wikipedia:De Mysteriis

{{Infobox book
| italic title = 
| name = De Mysteriis
| image =
| image_size =
| border =
| alt =
| caption =
| author = Iamblichus
| audio_read_by =
| title_orig = Περὶ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων μυστηρίων
| orig_lang_code = grc
| title_working =
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| country = Roman Empire
| language = Greek
| series =
| release_number =
| subject = Philosophy
| genre =
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| english_pub_date =
| published = late 200s A.D.
| media_type =
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}}

'''''De Mysteriis''''' by Iamblichus

==Contents==
*''Book 1'': The soul and the gods
*''Book 2'': Epiphanies
*''Book 3'': Mantic ritual
*''Book 4'': Justice
*''Book 5'': The nature of sacrifice
*''Book 6'': The process and effects of sacrifice
*''Book 7'': Egyptian symbolism
*''Book 8'': Egyptian theology
*''Book 9'': The personal ''daemon'' (spirit)
*''Book 10'': Conclusion

===Book I===
;The soul and the gods

*"Abamon" makes a general appeal to '''Aegypto-Chaldaean wisdom''' (I.1–2), before making some attempt to define the various entities in the late Neoplatonic hierarchy.
*He starts by placing the '''soul''' in the context of this divine hierarchy (I.3),
*but soon reminds us that the '''Good''' and the soul are extremes, hence the need for intermediaries (I.5–7).
*The first ''quaestio'' is dealt with from I.4 to II.2: what is the correct manner of '''classifying divine beings'''?
*First, the '''definitive properties of beings''' are overviewed (I.4),
*and there is a rejection of various '''false methods of differentiation''' between them (I.8–10);
*the '''gods''', even celestial ones, are defined as superior to the intermediaries in their relationship with matter (I.16–17; 19–20)
**and are immune to all passions and disorder (I.12–14; 21);
**they are also exempt from the responsibilities of evil (I.18);
*the differences between the gods and the beings below them means that '''prayer''' must be investigated as a means of communication (I.15),
*and true '''theurgy''' is initially described (I.11).

Hierarchy of beings according to Iamblichus in ''De Mysteriis'':<ref>Shaw, Gregory (1995). ''Theurgy and the soul: the Neoplatonism of Iamblichus''. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0-271-01437-7.</ref>

#gods
#archangels
#angels
#daimons
#heroes
#archons (sublunary)
#archons (material)
#human souls

===Book II===
;Epiphanies

A detailed account of the various divine epiphanies offers us a more tangible means of differentiating between the divine orders via their appearance, and this "Abamon" provides for us in Book II.
*Beginning at II.3, he discusses the '''epiphanies''' within various categories of assessment:
**their simplicity or variety (II.3.70.7–71.7);
**their changeability (II.3.71.7–72.9)
**and stability or disorder (II.3.72.10–73.4);
**their movement, (II.4.79.1–5),
**speed (II.4.74.9–75.7),
**dimension (II.4.75.8–76.10),
**clarity (II.4.76.11–77.7),
**subtlety (II.8.86.4–87.10),
**beauty (II.3.73.5–74.8),
**luminosity (II.4.77.8–14)
**and fulguration (II.4.77.15–78.13).
*Iamblichus also points out that the epiphanies are all accompanied by various other visible escorts (II.7.83.9–84.14)
**which reveal their allotments (II.7.85.1–86.3).
**He assesses their emotive effects (II.3.71.7–15)
**and their powers of purification (II.5.79.6–12),
**adding that this comes ultimately from the gods (II.5.79.13–80.3)
**and is proven through the consumption of matter by the epiphanies (II.5.80.12–81.9);
**he remarks on the benefits bestowed by the epiphanies (II.6.81.10–83.8)
**and their effects on the dispositions and the natures of the spectators (II.9.87.11–90.5).

===Book III===
;Mantic ritual

In this lengthy book, "Abamon" addresses Porphyry’s third major question, "What happens in predicting the '''future'''?" To do this, he focuses on the details of '''mantic ritual''', most especially on divine inspiration in its various forms.
*He examines divination in sleep (III.2–3),
*theophoria, possession and its signs (III.4–7),
*oracular inspiration (III.11)
*and the bringing of light (photagogia) (III.14).
*Dubious forms of ritual are exposed as false friends, among these the process of standing on magical characters (III.13)
*and divination via instinct or the analysis of natural events (III.15–16; 26–27);
*the supposed therapeutic effects ofmusic are contrasted with the truly divine effects of the Korybantic rites (III.9–10),
*as is mere hysteria with divine ecstasy (III.25).
*False apparitions are the result of bad practice (III.28–29)
*rather than genuine theurgy, which occurs only as a result of divine condescension (III.17–24).
*Daemonic activity is always dangerous, but tends to be triggered by evil human practices leading to evil daemonic inspiration (III.30–31).

===Book IV===
;Justice

The fourth book addresses some thorny questions on the less pleasant side of life,
*such as how one might explain the origins of '''evil''', especially given the notion of universal sympathy (IV.6–7; 10–13).
*"Abamon" makes good use of some well-trodden philosophical paths, highlighting the differences between '''human justice and divine justice''' (IV.5),
*and arguing for the precedence of the Universal over the Particular (IV.8–9).
*He also tackles the question of how men may command the gods during theurgic ritual (IV.1–4).

===Book V===
;The nature of sacrifice

'''Sacrifice''' is examined in Book V, and "Abamon" centres his discussion around two crucial queries:
*how sacrifice works and, within this, why there are so many seeming contradictions within the process itself (V.1).
*How, for instance, can it be that sacrificial fumes are of benefit to the immaterial gods (V.1–4; V.10–V.12)?
*He tackles what he sees as the common misconceptions about sacrifice (V.5–8)
*before elaborating his own radical explanations on true theurgic sacrifice (V.9–10; V.14–V.23.232.9).
*At V.23–V.25 he offers two further comments and a conclusion on the process of sacrifice,
*and at V.26 we find a digression on prayer.

===Book VI===
;The process and effects of sacrifice

Book VI examines further some sticky questions raised by Porphyry about the '''process and effects of sacrifice''', namely the contradiction in ancient thought about death as a pollutant and sacrifice as a process of purification, plus the issue of how evil daemonic spirits may be lured by sacrificial fumes.
*"Abamon" answers with reference to the difference between human and animal souls and the vessels which they vacate on death (VI.1–2),
*and to the more slippery notion that sacrifice is about the power of life rather than death (VI.3–4).
*He declares that the possible response of evil daemonic spirits to sacrifice is an entirely separate matter from the responses of the gods (VI.5–7).

===Book VII===
;Egyptian symbolism

Book VII looks at '''Egyptian symbolism''',
*offering an allegorical interpretation of three popular symbols (VII.1–2),
*some comments on the zodiac (VII.3)
*and on the sacred barbarian names (VII.4–5).

===Book VIII===
;Egyptian theology

A brief Iamblichean take on the key points of '''"Egyptian" theology''',
*looking at the Primary Cause, the One, the divine Father of the First Intelligibles and the gods (VIII.1–3),
*then Hermetic astrology and fatality (VIII.4–8).

===Book IX===
;The personal daemon (spirit)

Some remarks on the '''personal daemon''' which, "Abamon" warns,
*is another issue which must be examined theurgically and not intellectually (IX.1–2).
*The personal daemon is what ties us to fate (IX.3–7).
*It is unique to each of us (IX.8–9)
*and assigned by the gods (IX.10).

===Book X===
;Conclusion

In conclusion, "Abamon" emphasises, against Porphyry’s implications,
*that the only true good is union with the gods (X.1)
*and the only route to this is theurgy (X.2–3);
*only the mantic process can, eventually, free us from the bonds of fate (X.4–6).
*He ends with a prayer and exhortation (X.8).

==See also==
*''[[Enneads]]''

==References==
<references/>
*Clarke, Emma C., John M. Dillon, and Jackson P. Hershbell (trans.) (2003). ''Iamblichus: De mysteriis''. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN 1-58983-058-X.

[[Category:Neoplatonism]]
[[Category:Philosophy]]

Kept on Wikipedia:De Mysteriis

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Topic:Xily6gifudqbcdm3

2023-05-22T17:09:40Z

WritingSnowman (talk | contribs) commented on "Attribution" (Copied from WikiAlpha: https://en.wikialpha.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=The_Technological_Society&oldid=362816)

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2023-05-22T17:09:10Z

WritingSnowman (talk | contribs) commented on "Attribution" (Copied from WikiAlpha: https://en.wikialpha.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=Theodore_John_Kaczynski&oldid=362832)

Theodore John Kaczynski

2023-05-22T17:08:44Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox person | name = Theodore John Kaczynski | image = | alt =  | caption = | birth_name =  | birth_date = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year with {{Birth year and age|YYYY}} unless the exact date is already widely published, as per WP:DOB. For people who have di..."

{{Infobox person
| name = Theodore John Kaczynski
| image =
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = United States
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| nationality = American
| other_names =
| education = Harvard University (BA)
| alma_mater = University of Michigan (MA, PhD)
| occupation =
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works = ''[[Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How]]'' (2015) ''[[Industrial Society and Its Future]]'' (1995)
}}

'''Theodore John Kaczynski''' is an American critic of modern technology.

In 2019, [[Chad A. Haag]] published a book reviewing Kaczynski's philosophy in detail. The book is titled ''The Philosophy of Ted Kaczynski: Why the Unabomber was Right about Modern Technology''.<ref>Haag, Chad A. (2019). ''The Philosophy of Ted Kaczynski: Why the Unabomber was Right about Modern Technology''.</ref>

==Philosophy==
Fleming (2021) identifies influences from French philosopher Jacques Ellul's book ''[[The Technological Society]]'' (1954), British zoologist Desmond Morris' book ''[[The Human Zoo]]'' (1969), and American psychologist Martin Seligman's book ''[[Helplessness: On Depression, Development, and Death]]'' (1975) in Kaczynski's philosophy. He argues that Kaczynski's ideology should not be conflated with radical environmentalism or green anarchism, but should rather be identified as a novel anti-tech radicalism ideology. Kaczynski's anti-tech radicalism focuses on the ''human condition'' rather than primarily on ecological conservation issues. Indeed, Kaczynski's 1995 manifesto states, "The Industrial Revolution and its consequences have been a disaster ''for the human race''", rather than for the environment or planet.<ref name="Fleming">Sean Fleming (2021): [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13569317.2021.1921940 The Unabomber and the origins of anti-tech radicalism], ''Journal of Political Ideologies'', DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2021.1921940 10.1080/13569317.2021.1921940]</ref>

==2021 prison transfer==
On December 14, 2021, Kaczynski was transferred from the ADX Florence "Supermax" prison in Fremont County, Colorado to FMC Butner (Federal Medical Center, Butner), a federal prison medical facility in Durham County, North Carolina. In a letter from early 2022, Kaczynski revealed in a letter that he was diagnosed with terminal cancer and was told that he had two years to live. He recommended the recipient of the letter to follow "sections 28 & 29 of Chapter Four of ''[[Anti-Tech Revolution]]''" and "Rule (iii) of Chapter Three".<ref>[https://theanarch.substack.com/p/ted-kaczynski-diagnosed-with-terminal Ted Kaczynski Diagnosed With Terminal Cancer: The Unabomber Has Been Given Two Years To Live]. Bobby 'B.R' Robber (Feb 8, 2022). ''The Anarch''.</ref>

In ''[[Anti-Tech Revolution]]'', the first sentence of Section 28 in Chapter 4 states:
:It is important to study the history and the methods of earlier social and political movements and the techniques developed by successful leaders of such movements.

Rule 3 of Chapter 3 in ''[[Anti-Tech Revolution]]'' states:
:Once an objective has been selected, it is necessary to persuade some small minority to commit itself to the achievement of the objective by means more potent than mere preaching or advocacy of ideas. In other words, the minority will have to organize itself for practical action.

==Books and articles==
*''[[Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How]]'' (2015)
*''[[Industrial Society and Its Future]]'' (1995)
*''Progress Versus Wilderness'' (1971)

''[https://fitchmadison.com/product/technological-slavery-volume-one-2022/ Technological Slavery]'', Vol. 1 (2022, 4th edition; ISBN 978-1-944228-03-3), edited by [https://www.davidskrbina.com/ David Skrbina], is an anthology of Kaczynski's writings.

==University of Michigan archives==
The University of Michigan [https://www.lib.umich.edu/collections/collecting-areas/special-collections-and-archives/joseph-labadie-collection Joseph A. Labadie Collection]'s Ted Kaczynski collection has four series:<ref>[https://apps.lib.umich.edu/labadie-collection/archives-and-manuscripts-g-l Kaczynski collection] at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor</ref><ref>[https://blogs.lib.umich.edu/beyond-reading-room/ted-kaczynski-papers-fbi-files-and-photographs The Ted Kaczynski Papers: FBI Files and Photographs]. University of Michigan Library blog.</ref>

*Correspondence, the bulk of the collection, which includes letters written to and from Kaczynski since his arrest in 1996
*Writings of Kaczynski (other than correspondence)
*Miscellaneous
*Legal Documents, containing drafts of briefs, excluding any materials that fall under attorney-client privilege

===Labadie boxes===
At the University of Michigan, Kaczynski's documents are kept in "Labadie boxes". The list below has been adapted from Fleming's (2021) footnotes. The documents are referred to by their Labadie box and folder numbers, and the FBI's K numbers.<ref name="Fleming"/>

*Letters between Kaczynski and John Zerzan, Labadie Boxes 14 and 15
*Letters between Kaczynski and Derrick Jensen, Labadie Box 7
*Kaczynski, private footnotes to ISAIF, undated (1995 or 1996), Labadie Box 64, K1813: ‘These footnotes designated by Roman numerals are private and were not included in the manuscript sent to NY Times’
*FC to The New York Times, 20 April 1995, Labadie Box 28, Doc. 3348, K1825
*Kaczynski to David Skrbina, 30 October 2008, Labadie Box 93, Folder 1215.9
*Kaczynski, ‘Suggestions for Earth First!ers from FC’ (unsent letter), 1995, Labadie Box 17
*Kaczynski to Jim Flynn (Earth First! Journal), 3 October 2000, Labadie Box 17
*Kaczynski, ‘Progress Versus Wilderness’, Labadie Box 65
*Kaczynski’s comments on ‘On the Unabomber’ by Scott Corey, 7 July 2001, Labadie Box 58
*Partial photocopy of ''The Technological Society'' by Jacques Ellul with Kaczynski’s annotations, undated, Labadie Box 62. This photocopy appears to be from after Kaczynski’s arrest in 1996.
*Kaczynski refers to ''The Technological Society'' in his 1972 essay, ‘Progress versus Liberty’, Labadie Box 65
*Kaczynski, ‘In Defence of Violence’, undated, Labadie Box 65
*List of documents found in Kaczynski’s cabin, Federal Defender’s Office, Labadie Box 29
*Kaczynski, ‘Reflections on Purposeful Work’, 1978–1979, later parts 1981–83, Labadie Box 65
*Kaczynski to Jean-Marie Apostolidès, 10 July 1996, Labadie Box 17, Folder 636
*Kaczynski, handwritten draft of ISAIF, undated, Labadie Box 79, K1814
*Kaczynski, ‘some notes for a follow-up essay’, Labadie Box 29
*Kaczynski’s journal, Series I #1, 1969, Labadie Box 82, K2046
*Kaczynski, notes on ''Helplessness'' by Martin Seligman, undated, Labadie Box 80
*Kaczynski to David Skrbina, 23 October 2010, Labadie Box 93, Folder 1215.10
*Kaczynski’s correspondence with green anarchists and radical environmentalists, see Labadie Boxes 1–20

==Pennsylvania Western University, California archives==
In the spring of 2021, James R. Fitzgerald, a retired FBI Supervisory Special Agent, donated 6,000 pages of Kaczynski's writings and documents, many of which were seized from his cabin in Lincoln, Montana, to PennWest California (Pennsylvania Western University, California).<ref>[https://www.calu.edu/news/review/2021/spring-summer/unabomber-papers.html 'Unabomber' Papers: Former FBI profiler donates documents to Cal U]. ''CalU Review''. Pennsylvania Western University, California.</ref><ref>[https://www.thetedkarchive.com/library/the-california-university-archive The California University Archive]. The Ted K Archive.</ref><ref>[https://fold.aston.ac.uk/handle/123456789/35 Complete collection of the Unabomber writings]. FoLD.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*[[Self-propagating system]]

==External links==
*[https://we.riseup.net/assets/389236/Kaczynski%2BAnti-Tech%2BRevolution%2BWhy%2Band%2BHow.pdf ''Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How''] (full text)
*[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/unabomber/manifesto.text.htm ''Industrial Society and Its Future''] (full text)

===Archives===
*[https://www.thetedkarchive.com/special/index The Ted K Archive]
**[https://www.thetedkarchive.com/library/a-comparison-of-the-various-ted-k-archives A Comparison of the Various Ted K Archives]
*[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/category/author/ted-kaczynski Ted Kaczynski] at the [[Anarchist Library]]
*[https://apps.lib.umich.edu/labadie-collection/archives-and-manuscripts-g-l Kaczynski collection] at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/AnnArbor/comments/trqeup/update_on_the_ted_kaczynski_book_projects_the/ Update on the Ted Kaczynski book projects - The unique job or trade in Ann Arbor for anyone curious] from r/AnnArbor on Reddit

===Discussions===
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgDMmZqqI6w Kaczynski, Ellul, and the Future of Anti-Tech Radicalism with Sean Fleming] (Feb 9, 2022). [[Hermitix]] Podcast.

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American philosophers]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

The Technological Society

2023-05-22T17:07:51Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox book | italic title = yes | name = The Technological Society | image = | image_size = | border = | alt = | caption = | author = Jacques Ellul | audio_read_by = | title_orig = La technique ou l’enjeu du siècle | orig_lang_code = fr | title_working = | translator = John Wilkinson | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country..."

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'''''The Technological Society''''' (original French title: '''''La technique ou l’enjeu du siècle''''') is a book written by French philosopher Jacques Ellul. In 1964, it was translated into English by John Wilkinson and published by Vintage Books, a division of Random House. At the time, the translator, John Wilkinson, was affiliated with the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions of the Fund for the Republic, Inc.

==Contents==
===English===
*Chapter 1: Technique
**Situating the Technical Phenomenon
***Machine, and Technique
***Science and Technique
***Organization and Technique
***Definition
***Technical Operation and Technical Phenomenon
**Historical Development
***Primitive Technique
***Greece
***Rome
***Christianity and Technique
***The Sixteenth Century

*Chapter 2: The Characterology of Technique
**Technique in Civilization
***Traditional Techniques and Society
***The New Characteristics
**Characteristics of Modern Technique
***Automatism of Technical Choice
***Self-augmentation
***Monism
***The Necessary Linking Together of Techniques
***Technical Universalism
***The Autonomy of Technique

*Chapter 3: Technique and Economy
**The Best and the Worst
***The Influence of Technique on the Economy
***Economic Consequences
**The Secret Way
***The Economic Techniques of Observation
***The Economic Techniques of Action
***Planning and Liberty
**The Great Hopes
***Economic Systems Confronted by Technique
***Progress
***Centralized Economy
***The Authoritarian Economy
***The Antidemocratic Economy
**Economic Man

*Chapter 4: Technique and the State
**The State's Encounters with Technique
***Ancient Techniques
***New Techniques
***Private and Public Techniques
***The Reaction of the State to Techniques
**Repercussions on the State
***Evolution
***The Technical Organism
***The Conflict Between the Politicians and the Technicians
***Technique and Constitution
***Technique and Political Doctrines
***The Totalitarian State
**Summum Jus: Summa Injuria
**Repercussion on Technique
***Technique Unchecked
***The Role of the State in the Development of Modern Techniques
***Institutions in the Service of Technique

*Chapter 5: Human Techniques
**Necessities
***Human Tension
***Modification of the Milieu and Space
***Modification of Time and Motion
***The Creation of the Mass Society
***Human Technique
**Review
***Educational Technique
***The Technique of Work
***Vocational Guidance
***Propaganda
***Movement
***Sport
***Medicine
**Echoes
***Techniques, Men, and Man
***L'homme-machine
***The Dislocation of Man
***The Triumph of the Unconscious
***Mass Man
**Total Integration
***Technical Anesthema
***Integration of the Instinct, and of the Spiritual
***The Final Resolution

*Chapter 6: A Look at the Future
**A Look at the Year 2000

===French===
*Chapitre I – Techniques et économie
**I. Situations
***Machines et technique
***Science et technique
***Organisation et technique
***Définitions
***Opération technique et phénomène technique
**II. Déroulement
***Technique primitive
***Grèce
***Rome
***Christianisme et technique
***XVIe siècle
***La révolution industrielle

*Chapitre II – Caractériologie de la technique
**I. La technique dans la civilisation
***Techniques traditionnelles et civilisation
***Les caractères nouveaux
**II. Caractères de la technique moderne
***Automatisme du choix technique
***L'auto-accroissement
***Unicité (ou insécabilité)
***Entraînement des techniques
***Universalisme technique
***Autonomie de la technique

*Chapitre III – Technique et économie
**I. The best and the worse
***Influence de la technique sur l'économie
***Conséquences économiques
**II. La voie secrète
***Les techniques économiques de constatation
***Les techniques économiques d'action
***Le planisme et la liberté
**III. Les grands espoirs
***Les systèmes en face de la technique
***Progrès ?
***Économie centralisée
***Économie autoritaire
***Économie antidémocratique
**IV. L'homme économique

*Chapitre IV – La technique et l’État
**I. Rencontres
***Techniques anciennes
***Techniques nouvelles
***Techniques privées et techniques publiques
***Réaction de l'État en face des techniques
**II. Répercussions sur l'État
***Évolution
***L'organisme technique
***Le conflit des politiciens et des techniciens
***Technique et Constitution
***Technique et doctrines politiques
***L'État totalitaire
**IV. Répercussion sur la technique
***La technique sans frein
***Rôle de l'État dans le développement des techniques modernes
***Les institutions au service de la technique

*Chapitre V – Les techniques de l’homme
**I. Nécessités
***La tension humaine
***Modification du milieu et de l'espace
***Modification du temps et du mouvement
***La massification de la société.
***Les techniques de l'homme
**II. Recension
***Technique de l'école
***Technique du travail
***L'orientation professionnelle
***Propagande
***Divertissement
***Le sport
***Médecine
**III. Echos
***Les techniques, les hommes et l'Homme
***L'homme-machine
***Dissociation de l'homme
***Triomphe de l’inconscient
***L'homme de masse
**IV. L'intégration totale
***Anesthésie technique
***Intégration des instincts et du spirituel

*Postface
*Réflexions sur l'ambivalence du progrès technique
**I. Tout progrès technique se paie
**II. Le progrès technique soulève plus de problèmes qu'il n'en résout
**III. Les effets néfastes de la Technique sont inséparables des effets positifs
**IV. Tout Progrès Technique comporte un certain nombre d'effets imprévisibles
*Bibliographie

==Quotes==
*Every man is in this fix, not merely the proletariat, and nothing can be done about it. What was once the abnormal has become the usual, standard condition of things. Even so, the human being is ill at ease in this strange new environment, and the tension demanded of him weighs heavily on his life and being. He seeks to flee - and tumbles into the snare of dreams; he tries to complyand falls into the life of organizations; he feels maladjusted - and becomes a hypochondriac. But the new technological society has foresight and ability enough to anticipate these human reactions. It has undertaken, with the help of techniques of every kind, to make supportable what was not previously so, and not, indeed, by modifying anything in man's environment but by taking action upon man himself. Psychology is resorted to more and more; everybody knows how important morale is! Man can support the harshest and most inhumane living conditions, provided his morale holds. Innumerable psychological examples and experiments confirm this. - p. 321
**Il n'est plus question ici du prolétaire. Tout homme est dans cette impasse. Nous n'y pouvons plus rien. Ce qui était parfaitement anormal est devenu maintenant le quotidien, la condition courante. Mais l'homme n'est pas encore à l'aise dans cet étrange milieu, et la tension qui lui est ici demandée pèse lourdement sur son être et sa vie. Il cherche à fuir, et tombe dans les pièges du rêve. Il cherche à répondre et tombe dans les organisations. Il se sent inadapté et devient hypocondre : mais ce monde prévoyant et habile a prévu aussi toutes ces réactions de l'homme. Et l'on entreprend par les moyens techniques de tous ordres de rendre vivable à l'homme ce qui ne l'est pas ; non certes en modifiant quoi que ce soit, mais en agissant sur l'homme. De plus en plus la psychologie est prise en considération, car on sait ce que signifie le moral ! L'homme peut supporter les conditions de vie les plus dures, les plus inhumaines à condition que le moral tienne. Les exemples et les expériences fournies par les psychologues sont innombrables.

*Suppose one were to write a revolutionary book. If it is to be published, it must enter into the framework of the technical organization of book publishing. In a predominantly capitalistic technical culture, the book can be published only if it can return a profit. Thus, it must appeal to some public and hence must refrain from attacking the real taboos of the public for which it is destined. The bourgeois publishing house will not publish Lenin; the "revolutionary" publishing house will not publish Paul Bourget; and no one will publish a book attacking the real religion of our times, by which I mean the dominant social forces of the technological society. Any author who seeks to have his manuscript published must make it conform to certain lines laid down by the potential publishers. A manuscript which in subject matter and format does not conform has no chance. This is the situation at the most elementary level of the technical publishing organization. One step further and we encounter the notorious system of the "rewrite." - p.418
**''Original French'': Il n'y a plus de forme d'action que par l'intermédiaire de la technique. C'est la grande loi que l'on rencontre au premier pas fait hors de sa demeure. L'expression d'une pensée, d'une volonté ne peut plus s'effectuer qu'en empruntant à la technique ses modes d'expression. Il n'y a plus d'expression originale, indépendante, tout se retrouve dans la même voie. Les opérations les plus simples sont maintenant insérées dans un organisme technique. Nous écrivons un livre révolutionnaire ? Mais il entre aussitôt dans le circuit de l'organisation technique de l'édition. Qu'est-ce à dire ? Ou bien il s'agit de la technique capitaliste et par conséquent le livre sera édité s'il est susceptible de rapporter de l'argent à l'éditeur, donc s'il peut trouver un public ; donc s'il n'attaque pas les véritables tabous du public auquel il est destiné. La maison d'édition bourgeoise n'éditera pas Tulipe ni Lénine ; la maison d'édition « révolutionnaire » n'éditera pas Paul Bourget et personne n'éditera le livre qui attaque la religion de notre temps, les puissances sociales dominantes. D'ailleurs, le livre doit entrer dans certains cadres tracés par les éditeurs, et tout livre qui non seulement dans son sujet mais dans sa présentation n'y répond pas atrès peu de chance de passer. Et encore, c'est le stade le plus élémentaire de l'organisation ! Un pas de plus et noie rencontrons le système bien connu de « re-write ».

*Of course, we can write or teach anything, including pornography, inflammatory revolutionary manifestoes, and new economic and political doctrines. But as soon as any of these appear to have any real effect in subverting the universal social order (which is establishing itself in every country of the world with the support of the overwhelming majority of the respective populations), they are forthwith excluded from the technical channels of communication. As Crozier justly remarks: "The intellectual has a difficult life. He can only live by communicating, but he has been deprived of the means without which he cannot communicate." The intellectual has become a mere mouthpiece subject to the demands of the various techniques. According to Wiener, this is the cause of the progressive sterilization of intellectual life in the modern world. As Wiener puts it, present-day methods of communication exclude all intellectual activity except what is so conventional that it has no decisive value. - p.419
**''Original French'': Dès lors nous pouvons tout écrire, tout faire entendre, et bien entendu aussi bien de la pornographie que des déclarations révolutionnaires enflammées, des doctrines économiques nouvelles, des pensées politiques inattendues ; mais sitôt que cela remet en question effectivement l'ordre social universel qui est en train de se constituer dans tous les pays du monde et auquel adhèrent de coeur 99% de nos contemporains, alors cela n'a aucune chance de passer par le canal des techniques de diffusion. Comme le remarque exactement M. Crozier : « L'intellectuel a une vie difficile, car il ne vit que par la communication, et il a été exproprié des moyens sans lesquels on ne peut pas communiquer ». L'intellectuel n'est plus qu'un « porte-voix », soumis aux exigences des diverses techniques. Et c'est, d'après M. Wiener, la cause de la stérilisation progressive de la vie intellectuelle dans le monde moderne. Les méthodes actuelles de communication excluent toute production intellectuelle, dit-il, sauf celles qui sont conventionnelles et sans valeur décisive.

==References==
<references/>
French:
*ELLUL, Jacques, ''La technique ou l’enjeu du siècle'', Paris, A. Colin, 1954, 401 p.
*ELLUL, Jacques, ''[https://monoskop.org/images/4/44/ELLUL_Jacques_-_1954_-_La_technique_ou_l%27enjeu_du_si%C3%A8cle_%28OCR_A5%29.pdf La technique ou l’enjeu du siècle]'', Paris, Economica, 2008, 423 p.

English:
*Ellul, Jacques; translated by John Wilkinson. 1964. ''The Technological Society''. New York: Vintage Books.

==Further reading==
*Jerónimo, Helena M.; Garcia, José Luís; Mitcham, Carl (2013). ''Jacques Ellul and the Technological Society in the 21st Century''. Springer. ISBN 978-94-007-6657-0.

[[Category:Books]]
[[Category:Philosophy]]

News Team

2022-03-16T19:37:02Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "'''''News Team''''' is a video documentary reality ("docu-reality") series hosted by the Russian TV network RT. The series was launched on 9 April 2014.<ref name=rtd>[https://..."

'''''News Team''''' is a video documentary reality ("docu-reality") series hosted by the Russian TV network RT. The series was launched on 9 April 2014.<ref name=rtd>[https://rtd.rt.com/series/news-team/ List of ''News Team'' episodes]</ref>

==Episodes==
Each season has a total of 12 episodes.

List of episodes:<ref name=rtd/>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Episode !! Title
|-
| 1 || A Shocking Return to Ukraine & Icy Initiation in Moscow
|-
| 2 || Inside Kiev Coup
|-
| 3 || Maidan Turns Medieval & Perfectionism for Lenin on Red Square
|-
| 4 || War Zone in Kiev & Wary Refugees in Paris
|-
| 5 || Blazing Barricades & Censored Support in Ukraine
|-
| 6 || Vigilante Justice in Kiev & Sputtering Peace Talks in Geneva
|-
| 7 || From Moscow Newsdesk to Kiev Inferno
|-
| 8 || Ukraine Barricades & Geek Picnic
|-
| 9 || Syrian Spill Over
|-
| 10 || Battleground Syria & Voice Lessons
|-
| 11 || Speed Freak on the Front Line
|-
| 12 || Travelling to Siberia in ‘Luxury’
|-
| 13 || An American in Siberia?
|-
| 14 || Battling ‘Journalistic Self’
|-
| 15 || Euthanasia Report & Coldest Village on Earth
|-
| 16 || Brussels & Challenges of Teamwork
|-
| 17 || Crossing Israeli-Palestinian Border
|-
| 18 || Abduction & Ransom
|-
| 19 || Keeping Cool Amid Chaos
|-
| 20 || Kiev Heats Up as Siberia Freezes
|-
| 21 || The Kiev Dilemma & Thabby’s Trans-Siberian Adventure
|-
| 22 || Calmer Times in Conflict Zones
|-
| 23 || Introducing New Faces
|-
| 24 || Refugee Camps
|-
| 25 || Escalation in Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
|-
| 26 || Taking Risks for Journalism
|-
| 27 || Journalistic Challenges
|-
| 28 || Tour of RT America Office
|-
| 29 || Children of Gaza
|-
| 30 || Warzone Journalism
|-
| 31 || After the Ceasefire
|-
| 32 || Malaysia Airlines MH17 Crash Site
|-
| 33 || War Kids
|-
| 34 || RT Spanish
|-
| 35 || Nowhere is Safe in Gaza
|-
| 36 || Gaza’s Cemeteries Overflow
|-
| 37 || RT in NYC
|-
| 38 || West Bank Protests
|-
| 39 || Brief Ceasefire in Gaza
|-
| 40 || UN School Bombing
|-
| 41 || Attending Liverpool FC Game in NY
|-
| 42 || UN Refugee Shelters in Gaza
|-
| 43 || Return to Russia
|-
| 44 || At the Russian-Ukrainian Border
|-
| 45 || Inside Lugansk
|-
| 46 || Gaza Hospital Bombing
|-
| 47 || Ukrainian Soldiers in Russia
|-
| 48 || Hospital Visit to Ukraine's Anti-Government Fighters
|-
| 49 || RT Spanish & RT Arabic Correspondents
|-
| 50 || Humanitarian Situation in Lugansk
|-
| 51 || Evacuating from Lugansk
|-
| 52 || Bizarre Laws
|-
| 53 || Neo-Nazi in Denial
|-
| 54 || Food & Water Shortages in Donetsk
|-
| 55 || Back to the UK
|-
| 56 || Anti-NATO Protest
|-
| 57 || Donetsk & Lugansk
|-
| 58 || In Cardiff, Wales
|-
| 59 || Soldiers of the DNR
|-
| 60 || Broadcast Journalism
|-
| 61 || In a Bombed Out Hospital
|-
| 62 || A Surprise Career Move
|-
| 63 || Military Tattoo in Red Square
|-
| 64 || RT UK
|-
| 65 || 10yrs after Beslan School Hostage Crisis
|-
| 66 || City of Angels
|-
| 67 || Beslan Memorial Ceremony
|-
| 68 || Scotland’s Referendum
|-
| 69 || Night Shift Reporting
|-
| 70 || At the Baikonur Cosmodrome
|-
| 71 || Demining Donetsk
|-
| 72 || In Mexico City
|-
| 73 || Abkhazian Presidential Election
|-
| 74 || Inside a Firefight
|-
| 75 || Bitcoin
|-
| 76 || Kotelny Island
|-
| 77 || Mexico’s Independence Day
|-
| 78 || RT Spanish’s Anniversary
|-
| 79 || Anti-Monsanto Protest
|-
| 80 || ‘Mexican Venice’
|-
| 81 || Space Rocket ‘Soyuz’
|-
| 82 || Interview with Victoria Ruffo
|-
| 83 || A Cosmonaut Press-Conference
|-
| 84 || Fields of Corn
|-
| 85 || Soyuz Launch
|-
| 86 || The Hague
|-
| 87 || Iraq-Syria Border
|-
| 88 || ISIS in Kurdistan & Vigilante Justice in Mexico City
|-
| 89 || Is ‘Black Pete’ racist?
|-
| 90 || Chasing 3 Stories on an Iraqi Road Trip
|-
| 91 || Magical Masks & Mexican Wrestling
|-
| 92 || Yazidi Refugees at the Iraqi-Syrian Border
|-
| 93 || Dicing with ISIS in Iraq, Syria & Turkey
|-
| 94 || Up against ISIS in Iraq & Syria, Promo Time at RT London
|-
| 95 || Frontline Northern Iraq & Good Times in Mexico City
|-
| 96 || Smugglers and Border Issues in Lebanon, Syria & Turkey
|-
| 97 || Reporting Muslim stories from Lebanon to London
|-
| 98 || Kurds caught between Turkey & Islamic State
|-
| 99 || Lebanese Militia vs ISIS & People Smuggling at Iraqi-Syrian Border
|-
| 100 || Kurdish Defence, Turkish-Syrian Border & Launching RT London
|-
| 101 || Face to Face with Islamic State in Lebanon
|-
| 102 || A Return to Syria & Medical Disaster in Donetsk
|-
| 103 || En Route to Aleppo & Final Report from Ukraine
|-
| 104 || A Tale of Two War-Torn Cities
|-
| 105 || Precarious ceasefire, Donetsk, Ukraine
|-
| 106 || Ruins of an airport, Donetsk, Ukraine
|-
| 107 || Under fire at Donetsk Airport, Ukraine
|-
| 108 || At the Frontline, Donetsk, Ukraine
|-
| 109 || Hotspot, Debaltseve, Ukraine
|-
| 110 || Demining Donetsk, Ukraine
|-
| 111 || Preparing for Donetsk, Ukraine
|-
| 112 || Chasing a Grad Convoy in Eastern Ukraine
|-
| 113 || Covering Stories from London to Donetsk
|-
| 114 || Goodbye to Eastern Ukraine
|-
| 115 || Our New Man in Eastern Ukraine
|-
| 116 || Tanks in Donetsk & Fundraising for Eastern Ukraine
|-
| 117 || Foxy lady, Moscow
|-
| 118 || Reporting from the Wilds of Wiltshire, England
|-
| 119 || Detainees in London
|-
| 120 || Patrolling Israeli Settlers in Palestine
|-
| 121 || Jihadists in Israel
|-
| 122 || Deported from the UK
|-
| 123 || Searching for ISIS in Belgrade
|-
| 124 || Following the ISIS trail to Kosovo
|-
| 125 || Islamic Fundamentalism in Kosovo
|-
| 126 || Get me out of London!
|}

==People==
People:<ref>[https://newsteam.rt.com/ ''News Team'' home page]</ref>

*Josh Silberman - Director & Executive Producer
*Paula Slier
*Alexey Yaroshevsky
*Maria Finoshina
*Margaret Howell
*Peter Oliver
*Thabang Motsei
*Egor Piskunov
*Roman Kosarev
*Irina Galushko
*Bricio Segovia
*Harry Fear

==See also==
*''[[Kalashnikova Show]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/shows/the-kalashnikova-show-military-secrets-anna-knishenko/ RT])
*''[[Combat Approved]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/combat-approved-series/ RT])
*''[[In the Army Now]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/in-the-army-now/ RT])

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://newsteam.rt.com/ ''News Team'' home page]
*[https://rtd.rt.com/series/in-the-army-now/ ''In the Army Now'']

{{italic title}}
[[Category:Documentary series]]
[[Category:Journalism in Russia]]

In the Army Now

2022-03-16T19:36:58Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "'''''In the Army Now''''' is a video documentary series hosted by the Russian TV network RT. The series was launched on 30 July 2018.<ref>[https://rtd.rt.com/series/in-the-arm..."

'''''In the Army Now''''' is a video documentary series hosted by the Russian TV network RT. The series was launched on 30 July 2018.<ref>[https://rtd.rt.com/series/in-the-army-now/ ''In the Army Now'']</ref>

==Episodes==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Episode !! Title !! Season
|-
| 1 || Enlisting in the Russian Army to bust military myths || 1
|-
| 2 || Dressing in 45 seconds & army food test || 1
|-
| 3 || Are reindeer and huskies really part of Russian Army transport? || 1
|-
| 4 || Arctic Regiment as testing ground for cutting-edge military hardware || 1
|-
| 5 || Joining firefighters at Russia’s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome Plesetsk Cosmodrome] || 1
|-
| 6 || Rocket launch at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome Plesetsk Cosmodrome] || 1
|-
| 7 || Becoming marines with the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Flotilla Caspian Fleet] || 1
|-
| 8 || Demining the sea & why a woman on board is bad luck || 1
|-
| 9 || Navy slang, driving a Corvette, and marine initiation rituals || 1
|-
| 10 || Inside Russia’s once-secret [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_CIS_Air_Defense_System space surveillance] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okno station in Tajikistan] || 1
|-
| 11 || UFO hunting at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okno Okno] Surveillance Station || 1
|-
| 12 || Joining the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_201st_Military_Base 201st Motor Rifle Division] & training with ‘Gods of War’ || 1
|-
| 13 || Bullet trajectories at altitude & mastering the art of lying still || 2
|-
| 14 || Surviving an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_rocket_launcher MRLS] ‘[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BM-21_Grad Grad]’ attack || 2
|-
| 15 || Operating an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier APC] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BTR-80 BTR-82A] & frying an egg on armour || 2
|-
| 16 || Psychological assault course final || 2
|-
| 17 || At army survival school || 2
|-
| 18 || Military survival test: Ambushed, shot at, and gassed || 2
|-
| 19 || Surviving a freezing night in the woods || 2
|-
| 20 || At the Marine assault course in Vladivostok || 2
|-
| 21 || Detecting landmines & preparing [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier APCs] for the high seas || 2
|-
| 22 || Destroying a ‘terrorist stronghold’ with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Naval_Infantry Russian Marines] || 2
|-
| 23 || Training with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Forces Russian Paratroopers] on the Black Sea || 2
|-
| 24 || Russian mountain division obstacle course || 2
|-
| 25 || Getting camouflaged up & learning to parachute down safely || 3
|-
| 26 || Russia’s newest APC takes on a tank, an SUV… and red balloons || 3
|}

==See also==
*''[[Kalashnikova Show]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/shows/the-kalashnikova-show-military-secrets-anna-knishenko/ RT])
*''[[Combat Approved]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/combat-approved-series/ RT])
*''[[News Team]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/news-team/ RT])
*''[[Tanks: Born in Russia]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/tanks-born-in-russia-series/ RT])

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://rtd.rt.com/series/in-the-army-now/ ''In the Army Now'']

{{italic title}}
[[Category:Documentary series]]
[[Category:Journalism in Russia]]
[[Category:Military of Russia]]

Combat Approved

2022-03-16T19:36:55Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "'''''Combat Approved''''' is a video documentary series hosted by the Russian TV network RT. The series was launched on 30 July 2018.<ref>[https://rtd.rt.com/series/combat-app..."

'''''Combat Approved''''' is a video documentary series hosted by the Russian TV network RT. The series was launched on 30 July 2018.<ref>[https://rtd.rt.com/series/combat-approved-series/ ''Combat Approved'']</ref>

==Episodes==
===Season 1===
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBA-60K2_Bulat#Variants Listva]: The Nuclear Missile Bodyguard. Unique vehicle fries IEDs to protect [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-24_Yars Yars] mobile nukes
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasen-class_submarine Yasen-M]: Destroyer of the Depths. Potent electronic weapons & supersonic missiles – a sneak peek at Russia’s Yasen-M sub
*The military in the Arctic - Part 1. ATVs put to the frozen test in blizzards & ice
*The Military in the Arctic - Part 2. Across a frozen sea aboard Russian ATVs
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_missile_system Tor Missile System]: In Pursuit of the Uncatchables. Russia’s mobile anti-missile vehicles can knock out any barrage
*The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swifts_(aerobatic_team) Swifts] & The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Knights Russian Knights], Half a Century Combined. Behind incredible air stunts by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29 MiG-29s] & [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-27 Su-27s]
*Pantsir: Shielding Russia. Anti-aircraft guns, surface-to-air missiles & radar in a single system
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamov_Ka-50 Ka-52 Alligator]: Strike Helicopter. The Tank Destroyer
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_submarine_Svyatoy_Georgiy_Pobedonosets_(K-433) K-433 Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets]: Nuclear Triad Workhorse. Inside a nuclear submarine, 37 years in service
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-31 MiG-31]: The Near-Space Plane. Russia’s super-fast interceptor
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K121_Vikhr Vikhr]: Reborn as Robot. Russian Unmanned Ground Vehicle equipped with drones and a precision battle module
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP-3#Variants Prokhod]: Armour-plated Minesweeping Robot. Remote bomb-neutralizing & movement in automatic mode

===Season 2===
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mil_Mi-28 Mi-28] UB: Combat, Training, One-Of-A-Kind Helicopter. Advanced Night Hunter with Dual Control System
*The Refueller: Docking Masters. Russia’s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-78 Il-78] refuelling tanker
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebo-M Nebo-M] Radar Complex: The Stealth Buster. Multi-range radar station that tracks ballistic missiles, stealth planes & drones
*Kremlin Fireworks. The soldiers and workers behind the bangs
*A Pirate's Nightmare: Russia's Special Operations Craft. Armed and armoured - the powerful little assault craft that packs a big punch
*The Missile Capable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyan-class_corvette Buyan-M] Corvette: High Seas Hellraiser. The stealthy, shallow-hulled warship that launches cruise missiles
*Submarines of the Northern Fleet: The Beast Division - Part 1. Welcome aboard Russia’s deep-sea nuclear [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akula-class_submarine Shchuka-B] class boats
*Submarines of the Northern Fleet: Beast Division - Part 2. Getting under the skin of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akula-class_submarine Shchuka-B] nuclear subs

==See also==
*''[[Kalashnikova Show]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/shows/the-kalashnikova-show-military-secrets-anna-knishenko/ RT])
*''[[In the Army Now]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/in-the-army-now/ RT])
*''[[News Team]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/news-team/ RT])
*''[[Tanks: Born in Russia]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/tanks-born-in-russia-series/ RT])

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://rtd.rt.com/series/combat-approved-series/ ''Combat Approved'']

{{italic title}}
[[Category:Documentary series]]
[[Category:Journalism in Russia]]
[[Category:Military of Russia]]

Kalashnikova Show

2022-03-16T19:36:33Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "The '''''Kalashnikova Show''''' (full title: '''''The Kalashnikova Show: Russia's Military Secrets with Anna Knishenko''''') is a video documentary series hosted by RT jou..."

The '''''Kalashnikova Show''''' (full title: '''''The Kalashnikova Show: Russia's Military Secrets with [[Anna Knishenko]]''''') is a video documentary series hosted by RT journalist and correspondent [[Anna Knishenko]].<ref>[https://rtd.rt.com/shows/the-kalashnikova-show-military-secrets-anna-knishenko/ The Kalashnikova Show: Russia's Military Secrets with Anna Knishenko].</ref>

==Episodes==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Episode !! Title !! Season
|-
| 1 || Extremely quiet ‘black hole’ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine Kilo-class submarine] || Season 1
|-
| 2 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Navy Russian Navy], powerful warships and military parade || Season 1
|-
| 3 || Inside the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalashnikov_rifle Kalashnikov] Factory || Season 1
|-
| 4 || The most ferocious Missile Carrier || Season 1
|-
| 5 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-57 Sukhoi Su-57]: The best of Russia’s aviation industry || Season 1
|-
| 6 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-90 T-90]: The world’s best-selling tank || Season 1
|-
| 7 || Russia’s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-300_missile_system S-300] & [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-400_missile_system S-400] Air Defence Systems || Season 1
|-
| 8 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BM-30_Smerch Smerch]: the missile with awesome power || Season 2
|-
| 9 || The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Knights Russian Knights]: Airborne Elite || Season 2
|-
| 10 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K720_Iskander Iskander] tactical system: NATO's headache || Season 1
|-
| 11 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Operations_Forces_(Russia) Spetsnaz]: Russian special forces || Season 2
|-
| 12 || The Indomitable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katyusha_rocket_launcher Russian Missile] || Season 2
|-
| 13 || Russia's most powerful ballistic weapons || Season 2
|-
| 14 || Putting a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BTR-80 Troop Carrier] to the test || Season 2
|-
| 15 || Here’s why Russia’s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOS-1 TOS-1A] is called Blazing Sun || Season 2
|-
| 16 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-34 Sukhoi Su-34] ‘Hell Duck’ || Season 2
|-
| 17 || The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-95 Tupolev Tu-95]: Russian ‘Bear’ Bomber || Season 2
|-
| 18 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Mil_Mi-24_variants Mi-35]: Russia’s Best-Seller Abroad || Season 2
|-
| 19 || The Kalashnikov Family’s Latest Members || Season 1
|-
| 20 || The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMPT_Terminator BMPT Terminator] Armoured Vehicle || Season 2
|-
| 21 || The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Navy Russian Navy]: History and Traditions || Season 2
|-
| 22 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-35 MiG-35]: Russia’s state-of-art fighter || Season 1
|-
| 23 || The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mil_Mi-28 Mi-28] Chopper: Havoc from the Sky || Season 3
|-
| 24 || The Mighty [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigr_(Russian_military_vehicle) Tigr]: Russia’s Armoured Car || Season 3
|-
| 25 || Defusing mines with combat engineers || Season 3
|-
| 26 || Russian drones weapons of the future || Season 3
|-
| 27 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-78 Il-78] Flying Filling Station || Season 3
|-
| 28 || Best of the best from the world’s defence industries at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDEX_Corporation IDEX]-2021 || Season 3
|-
| 29 || Russia’s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_NBC_Protection_Troops NBC Protection Troops] || Season 3
|-
| 30 || Legendary [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-160 Tupolev Tu-160] Strategic Bomber Gets an Upgrade || Season 3
|-
| 31 || Russia’s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmeimim_Air_Base Khmeimim Air Base] in Syria || Season 1
|-
| 32 || Pyotr Morgunov, Russia’s brand new large [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Gren-class_landing_ship landing ship] || Season 1
|-
| 33 || The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VPK-7829_Bumerang Boomerang] K-17, a new-generation IFV, infantry fighting vehicle ||
|-
| 34 || What’s in Russian and American military meals? || Season 3
|-
| 35 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_naval_facility_in_Tartus Tartus], Russia's naval base in Syria ||
|-
| 36 || Helicopter Fleet at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmeimim_Air_Base Khmeimim Airbase] || Season 3
|-
| 37 || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_military_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war Russia's Military Police in Syria] ||
|-
| 38 || Russian [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapper Sappers] in Syria || Season 3
|-
| 39 || Russian weapons in Egypt: Russian military hardware in Egypt || Season 3
|}

==See also==
*''[[Combat Approved]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/combat-approved-series/ RT])
*''[[In the Army Now]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/in-the-army-now/ RT])
*''[[News Team]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/news-team/ RT])
*''[[Tanks: Born in Russia]]'' ([https://rtd.rt.com/series/tanks-born-in-russia-series/ RT])

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://rtd.rt.com/shows/the-kalashnikova-show-military-secrets-anna-knishenko/ ''The Kalashnikova Show: Russia's Military Secrets with Anna Knishenko'']

{{italic title}}
[[Category:Documentary series]]
[[Category:Journalism in Russia]]
[[Category:Military of Russia]]

Atassa

2022-03-16T19:35:46Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "'''''Atassa''''' is a journal covering topics such as deep ecology. Parts of it are available on the Internet Archive<ref name=archive1>''[https://archive.org/details/Ata..."

'''''Atassa''''' is a journal covering topics such as deep ecology.

Parts of it are available on the [[Internet Archive]]<ref name=archive1>''[https://archive.org/details/AtassaReadingsInEcoExtremism Atassa: Readings In Eco-Extremism]'' (#1) (2006). ''Internet Archive''.</ref> and on the [[Anarchist Library]].<ref>[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/category/topic/atassa The Anarchist Library].</ref>

==Etymology==
''Atassa'' is the Muskogee word for "war club."<ref name=archive1/>

==Contents==
===''Atassa'' 1===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Title !! Author
|-
| Presentation || the editors
|-
| The Flower Growing Out of the Underworld: An Introduction to Eco-extremism || Abe Cabrera
|-
| The spilling of blood on the paths of "absolute truth" || Orkelesh
|-
| Apostles and Heretics || [[John Jacobi]]
|-
| ITS: The Invisible Menace || Regresión
|-
| Sighs || Lunas de abril
|-
| Lessons Left by the Ancients: The Battle of Little Big Horn || Regresión
|-
| The Return of the Warrior || Ramon Elani
|-
| Atassa: Lessons of the Creek War (1813-1814) || Abe Cabrera
|-
| The Seris, the Eco-extremists, and Nahualism || Hast Hax
|-
| (Roma Infernetto - "Shit World"): To Profane and Devour || A member of the Memento Mori Nihilist Sect
|-
| Regresión #3 Editorial
|-
| Indiscriminate Anarchists || Seminatore
|-
| Today || XXV//X
|-
| Surviving Civilization: Lessons from the Double Lives of Eco-extremists || Regresión
|-
| To the Mountains || Lunas de abril
|-
| Kaczynski's Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How: A Critical Assessment || S.
|-
| The Singing River || anon
|}

===''Atassa'' 2===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Title !! Author
|-
| Introduction: Caveat Lector
|-
| Hostis Humani Generis: eco-extremism, demonology, and the birth of criminality || Adrien Rouquette
|-
| Some Reflections on Modern Human Action from the Eco-Extremist Perspective || Ozomatli & Huehuecoyotl
|-
| A New Revolutionary Phraseology || Jeremías Torres
|-
| Breaking Down the Bars of the Anarchist Cages: brief reflections of an ex-anarchist || Ex-anarchist
|-
| Poem || Krren oscuro
|-
| The PsychoPathogen: the serial killer as an antibody response to modernity || Ezra Buckley
|-
| Tangled Hostility || kohelet
|-
| The Mara Salvatrucha: the most dangerous gang in the world || Extinción
|-
| A Statement from Innocence: a spirit from the South
|-
| Lions in the Brush: on the anatomy and guidelines of cell-structured resistance || el borracho (nömad warfuk)
|-
| Paraguayan People’s Army: what can we learn from them? || Ajajema
|-
| Letter to an optimist || Jeremías Torres
|-
| Weak Words Concerning Human Reasoning || Huazihul
|-
| At-Tux || D.G.
|-
| “No Such Thing as Life without Bloodshed...” or The Force of Tragedy in Anti-Humanist Politics || Magpie
|-
| Reflections on Freedom || Zúpay
|-
| On Terrorism and Indiscriminate Violence || Fiera
|-
| For a Metropolis against Itself || Eleuterio Pinto Paredes
|-
| Out of the Self: a sermon for the dead || Abraxas
|-
| Eco-extremism and the Woman || Meztli
|-
| Eco-extremist Women Speak || Yoloxochitl & More
|-
| A Note on Reproduction from the Eco-extremist Perspective || CW
|-
| Eco-extremist Spiritual Exercises || various
|}

==Notes==
The content is in the public domain.<ref name=archive1/>

In the first issue, the editors write that they "don't advocate that anyone consider this journal an exhortation to action," but rather are here to "tell it like it is."

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*[https://archive.org/details/AtassaReadingsInEcoExtremism ''Atassa'' No. 1]
*[https://www.thepsychopath.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ATASSA-2.pdf ''Atassa'' No. 2]

{{Italic title}}
[[Category:Journals]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Ludd-Kaczynski Institute of Technology

2022-03-16T19:35:33Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "The '''Ludd-Kaczynski Institute of Technology''' or '''Ludd-Kaczynski Tech''' is an open, decentralized, autonomous, incorporeal think tank of L..."

The '''[[Ned Ludd|Ludd]]-[[Ted Kaczynski|Kaczynski]] Institute of Technology''' or '''Ludd-Kaczynski Tech''' is an open, decentralized, autonomous, incorporeal think tank of Luddic Neo-Luddites.<ref name=guerrillanews/>

==Anti-ideological position==
Its members are anti-ideological, meaning that rather than serving ideas, ideas serve them. They explore themes including anti-civ (anti-civilization), post-civ (post-civilization), green anarchy, primitivism, and anarcho-primitivism, etc., but hold to no pre-established canons or conventions. Members claim that they aim to achieve "total collective liberation for all beings and the Earth itself."<ref name=guerrillanews>[https://guerrillanews.wordpress.com/2011/02/07/introducing-the-ludd-kaczynski-institute-of-technology/ Introducing the Ludd-Kaczynski Institute of Technology]. ''Guerrilla News: No War But Social War!'' Accessed 2021-12-21.</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*[https://www.facebook.com/Ludd.Kaczynski.Institute.of.Technology/ Facebook]
*[https://www.schoolandcollegelistings.com/XX/Unknown/153923724662535/Ludd-Kaczynski-Institute-of-Technology Articles]

[[Category:Institutes]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Derrick Jensen

2022-03-16T19:35:11Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Wp-cca}} {{Infobox writer | embed = | honorific_prefix = | name = Derrick Jensen | honorific_suffix = | image = Derrick Jensen, 202..."

{{Wp-cca}} 
{{Infobox writer
| embed =
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Derrick Jensen
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Derrick Jensen, 2020 (cropped).png
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| pseudonym =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = December 19, 1960
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| resting_place =
| occupation = {{hlist|Writer|Author|Activist}}
| language = English
| nationality = [[Americans|American]]
| citizenship =
| education =
| alma_mater = {{plainlist|
* [[Eastern Washington University]] {{small|([[Master of Fine Arts|MFA]], 1991)}}
* [[Colorado School of Mines]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Science|BSc]], 1983)}}
}}
| period =
| genre = [[Global warming]], [[ecology]], [[social justice]]
| subject = [[Ecosophy]], [[Radical environmentalism]]
| movement = [[Environmental movement]], [[Deep Green Resistance]]
| notable_works =
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children =
| relatives =
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| years_active = 1990–present
| module =
| website = {{URL|https://derrickjensen.org/}}
| portaldisp =
}}
'''Derrick Jensen''' (born December 19, 1960) is an American [[ecophilosophy|ecophilosopher]], [[radical environmentalist]], and [[anti-civilization]] advocate.<ref>''Endgame, Volume 1: The Problem of Civilization'', Seven Stories Press ({{ISBN|1-58322-730-X}}), p. 17.</ref><ref name="dgrfaq">{{cite web | title=Frequently Asked Questions of Deep Green Resistance | url=https://deepgreenresistance.org/en/who-we-are/faqs/deep-green-resistance-faqs | access-date=2019-11-10}}</ref>

Jensen's writing critiques the effects and concept of [[civilization]], exploring what he describes as its inherent values, hidden premises, and modern links to [[supremacism]], [[oppression]], and [[genocide]], as well as to corporate, domestic, and worldwide ecological abuse.<ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon: Derrick Jensen|access-date=November 1, 2016|url=https://www.amazon.com/Derrick-Jensen/e/B001JOY0DY}}</ref> He has consistently called for the [[guerrilla]] destruction of civilization and of Western culture, which he views as inherently unsustainable and as an inevitable cause of [[ecocide]].<ref name="dgrfaq"/>

==Education==
Jensen holds a [[B.S.]] in mineral engineering physics from the [[Colorado School of Mines]] in [[Golden, Colorado]], which he attended on a scholarship,<ref>"...{{nbsp}}and I couldn't afford to go to college otherwise." ''The Derrick Jensen Reader'' (p.438), Seven Story Press, 2012 ({{ISBN|978-1-60980-404-6}})</ref> and an [[Master of Fine Arts|M.F.A.]] in creative writing from [[Eastern Washington University]] in [[Cheney, Washington]].<ref name="Derrick Jensen">[http://www.derrickjensen.org/about.html Derrick Jensen].</ref> He has taught creative writing at [[Pelican Bay State Prison]] and [[Eastern Washington University]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Jensen |first=D. |year=2003 |title=Walking on Water: Reading, Writing, and Revolution |publisher=Context Books |isbn=1-893956-37-7}}</ref>

==Career==

=== Philosophy ===

Jensen is primarily an advocate for wild nature and an opponent of civilization, rejecting the notion that it can ever be ethical or sustainable. He describes the linguistically and historically defensible definition of ''[[civilization]]''<ref name="lecture">{{cite speech|publisher=YouTube|year=2011|title=Derrick Jensen – Endgame|time=4:57 to 6:52|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9os1GFuWJ0#t=296}}</ref> as "a culture—that is, a complex of stories, institutions, and artifacts—that both leads to and emerges from the growth of cities (''civilization'', see ''civil'': from ''civis'', meaning ''citizen'', from Latin ''civitas'', meaning ''state'' or ''city''),"<ref name="Endgame17">Jensen, Derrick. (2006). ''Endgame, Volume 1: The Problem of Civilization'', Seven Stories Press ({{ISBN|1-58322-730-X}}), p. 17.</ref> and the definition of ''city'' as a group of "people living more or less permanently in one place in densities high enough to require the routine importation of food and other necessities of life."<ref name="Endgame17"/> He explains that, by such definitions, civilizations and cities are both unsustainable:

{{quote|Two things happen as soon as you require the importation of resources. One of them is that your way of living can never be sustainable, because, if you require the importation of resources, it means you've denuded the landscape of that particular resource, and, as your city grows, you'll denude an ever-larger area. ... And the other thing it means is that your way of life must be based on violence, because if you require the importation of resources, trade will never be sufficiently reliable because, if you ''require'' the importation of resources and the people in the next watershed over aren't going to trade you for it, you're going to ''take'' it.|sign=Derrick Jensen|source=<nowiki>Book lecture for</nowiki> ''Endgame''<ref name="lecture"/>}}

An outspoken critic of [[human supremacy]], Jensen advocates non-[[anthropocentrism]], or [[ecocentrism]], according to which humans should above all actively support the flourishing of [[ecosystem|natural communities]] and their many individual species rather than the flourishing of humans alone; and second, that they should extend the status of [[personhood]] to all organisms and ecosystems,<ref>{{cite book|title=Earth at Risk: Building a Resistance Movement to Save the Planet|first=Derrick|last=Jensen|page=132|publisher=PM Press|year=2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T1Oa8cBLN1IC&q=%22people+are+we%22e|isbn=9781604868197}}</ref> including nonhuman animals and plants. For example, in an article on [[water management]], he refers to "both human people and fish people".<ref name = "showers"/>

His view, which moves central moral focus away from civilized humans, also names and castigates some of the values most championed by modern civilization, including technological advancement, economic growth, the [[inevitability of progress]], and [[sustainable development|sustainability as seen through the lens of "development"]]. Jensen advocates a way of life that is harmonious in a truly ecological sense and is thus lastingly sustainable. He claims that "the fundamental difference between Western and indigenous ways of being is that even the most open-minded Westerners generally perceive listening to the natural world as a metaphor as opposed to the way the world really is."<ref>{{cite book|title=The Derrick Jensen Reader: Writings on Environmental Revolution|year=2012|editor=Lierre Keith|publisher=Seven Stories Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LGL8PCVc_pcC&q=%22westerners+generally+perceive+listening%22&pg=PT9|isbn=9781609804053}}</ref>

Jensen argues that dysfunctional and antisocial behaviors pervade civilization. His analysis views macrocosmic abuses through the microcosmic lens of domestic abuse and violence, noting the connection between abusive personal relationships and the oppressive, expansionist culture as a whole. The psychopathology of modern civilization's global, industrial economy obliterates healthy personal relationships as well as the [[natural environment]].

Jensen exhorts readers and audiences to help bring an end to [[industrial civilization]], promoting its dismantling by any means necessary,<ref name="youtube.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9os1GFuWJ0|title=Derrick Jensen – Endgame|via=www.youtube.com}}</ref> thus challenging [[pacifism]], since he believes that [[violence]] may be justified at times, particularly as a form of [[self-defense]] or resistance against oppression. In ''A Language Older Than Words'' and his article "Actions Speak Louder Than Words", Jensen writes, "Every morning when I awake I ask myself whether I should write or blow up a dam. I tell myself I should keep writing, though I'm not sure that's right".<ref>{{cite book|last=Jensen|first=Derrick|title=Actions Speak Louder Than Words|url=http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/derrick-jensen-actions-speak-louder-than-words}}</ref>

Inspired by the potential for success of the crushed [[Warsaw Ghetto Uprising]] (when compared to the inevitable annihilation of Warsaw's non-rebelling Jews) and his being attacked by various mother animals in perceived defense of their babies,<ref>{{cite web|title=Pacifism as Pathology|url=http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/derrick-jensen-pacifism-as-pathology-introduction|publisher=The Anarchist Library}}</ref> Jensen supports the violence used by oppressed people and wild creatures in their own defense as a viable strategy against even their most powerful enemies.

But Jensen has clarified that "I get accused of being the 'violence guy'...but I don't ever think that's really fair, because I really consider myself the 'everything guy', that I want to put everything on the table and talk about all forms of resistance ... We can certainly parse out cases where we think it's appropriate to have militant response or non-militant response."<ref name="dominant culture killing">{{cite interview|last=Jensen|first=Derrick|interviewer=[[Amy Goodman]]|work=[[Democracy Now!]]|date=26 November 2010|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2010/11/26/author_and_activist_derrick_jensen|title=Author and Activist Derrick Jensen: "The Dominant Culture is Killing the Planet ... It's Very Important for Us to Start to Build a Culture of Resistance"}}</ref> He has been described as [[anarcho-primitivistic]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Integral ecology: Uniting multiple perspectives on the natural world |author1=Sean Esbjörn-Hargens |author2=Michael E. Zimmerman |year=2009 |page=492}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Making a killing: the political economy of animal rights |author=Bob Torres |page=68 |year=2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.counterpunch.org/2013/08/02/art-means-always-having-to-say-youre-sorry/|title=Art Means Always Having to Say You're Sorry|date=August 2, 2013|website=CounterPunch.org}}</ref> a label he once accepted, though more recently he has distanced himself from both the terms "anarchist" and "primitivist," especially criticizing modern anarchism's [[herd mentality]].{{cn|date=November 2019}}

With respect to the question of [[human overpopulation]], Jensen concedes that it is a social and environmental problem but only at a "tertiary" level, and that [[overconsumption]]—along with [[civilization]] and its ruthless, expansionist cultural mindset—is the world's primary problem.<ref name="youtube.com" /> Recurrent topics in his books and talks include critiques of cosmeticism (as e.g. [[William R. Catton, Jr.#Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change|defined by William Catton]]), [[Lifestyle anarchism|lifestyleism]],<ref name="showers">{{cite web |url=http://www.orionmagazine.org/index.php/articles/article/4801/ |title=Forget Shorter Showers – Why personal change does not equal political change |work=[[Orion (magazine)|Orion]] |year=2012 |access-date= 24 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.derrickjensen.org/subscribers/Miscellaneous/?C=M;O=D |title=Talk at UoMichigan, March 2, 2012; edited transcript (available for subscribers of the "DJ reading club" only) |year=2012 |access-date=24 May 2012 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Gandhism]], and other "[[bright green environmentalism|bright green]]" or mainstream liberal schools of political thought.

=== Writings ===
''A Language Older Than Words'' uses the lens of [[domestic violence]] to look at the larger violence of [[Western culture]]. ''The Culture of Make Believe'' begins by exploring [[racism]] and [[misogyny]], then examines how this culture's economic system leads inevitably to hatred and atrocity. ''Strangely Like War'' is about [[deforestation]]. ''Walking on Water'' is about [[education]] (it begins: "As is true for most people I know, I've always loved learning. As is also true for most people I know, I always hated school. Why is that?").<ref>''Walking on Water'', p. 1.</ref> ''Welcome to the Machine'' is about [[surveillance]] and more broadly about science and what Jensen perceives to be a Western obsession with control.

''Endgame'' is interspersed with what Jensen describes as the inherent [[wikt:unsustainability|unsustainability]] of civilization. In this book, he asks, "Do you believe that this culture will undergo a voluntary transformation to a sane and sustainable way of living?" Nearly everyone he talks to says no. His next question is: "How would this understanding—that this culture will not voluntarily stop destroying the natural world, eliminating indigenous cultures, exploiting the poor, and killing those who resist—shift our strategy and tactics? The answer? Nobody knows, because we never talk about it: we're too busy pretending the culture will undergo a magical transformation." ''Endgame'', he says, is "about that shift in strategy, and in tactics."<ref>''Endgame'' V.1, p. 1.</ref>

Most of Jensen's writing uses the [[first-person narrative|first-person]] and [[anecdotal evidence|personal experiences]] to construct arguments. His books are written like narratives, without a linear, hierarchical structure. They are not divided into sections devoted to individual arguments. Instead, his writing is conversational, leaving one line of thought incomplete to move on to another, returning to the first again at some later point. Jensen uses this [[creative non-fiction|creative nonfiction]] style to combine his artistic voice with logical argument. He often uses quotations as reference points for ideas explored in a chapter. (For example, he introduces the first chapter of ''Walking on Water'' with a quote from [[Jules Henry]]'s book ''[[Culture Against Man]]''.)<ref>Jensen D., 2004, ''Walking on Water: Reading, Writing, and Revolution'', Chelsea Green ({{ISBN|1-931498-48-2}}), p. 1.</ref>

In 2008, Jensen wrote ''Thought to Exist in the Wild'' (with photographs by Karen Tweedy-Holmes), which discussed the keeping of animals in zoos both physically and philosophically. Jensen wrote and [[Stephanie McMillan]] illustrated the [[graphic novel]]s ''As the World Burns'' (2007) and ''Mischief in the Forest'' (2010).

''Resistance Against Empire'' consists of interviews with J. W. Smith (on poverty), [[Kevin Bales]] (on slavery), Anuradha Mittal (on hunger), [[Juliet Schor]] ("globalization" and environmental degradation), [[Ramsey Clark]] (on US "defense"), Stephen Schwartz (editor of ''The Nonproliferation Review'', on nukes), [[Alfred W. McCoy|Alfred McCoy]] (politics and heroin), [[Christian Parenti]] (the US prison system), [[Katherine Albrecht]] (on RFID), and [[Robert W. McChesney|Robert McChesney]] (on (freedom of) the media) conducted between 1999 and 2004.

[[File:JensenKeithOccupyOakland2011.png|thumb|Lierre Keith (left) and Derrick Jensen (right) with Deep Green Resistance at [[Occupy Oakland]] in 2011]]

Jensen co-wrote the book ''Deep Green Resistance: Strategy to Save the Planet'' with [[Lierre Keith]] and Aric McBay. Jensen's contribution consists of end-of-chapter responses to common queries he gets about bringing down civilization. The bulk of the book is by the other two authors and covers the history of effective militant resistance movements such as parts of the U.S. civil rights movement and the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta ([[Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta|MEND]]), while also outlining potential strategies for above- and below-ground resistance to civilization, termed Decisive Ecological Warfare. After the book's publication, the authors co-founded an organization by the same name. McBay left the organization in 2012, attributing his departure to the alleged cancellation of a transgender-inclusive policy by Jensen and Keith.<ref>Aric McBay, [http://www.aricmcbay.org/2013/05/14/dgr-and-transphobia/ "DGR and Transphobia"], May 14, 2013.</ref> Deep Green Resistance has disputed this account, saying that the decision to restrict women's spaces was made by the women of DGR, not Jensen or Keith.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.deepgreenresistance.org/reponse-to-aric-mcbay/ |title=Reponse(sic) to Aric McBay |work=deepgreenresistance.org |year=2013 |access-date=26 May 2013}}</ref>

In 2011, Jensen also published ''Dreams'', which draws on the mythologies of ancient cultures and the wisdom of contemporary thinkers like [[Jack Forbes]], [[Waziyatawin]] (a Dakota activist), [[Paul Stamets]], and [[Stanley Aronowitz]] and is Jensen's challenge to the view that there is no knowledge outside that gained by science, and ''Truths Among Us'', a thought-provoking collection of interviews with 10 leading writers, philosophers, teachers, and activists who argue against society's belief that corporations and governments know what is best for the future.

Jensen convened the conferences "Earth at Risk", which were held in 2010 and 2011 in San Francisco and Berkeley, California, respectively, with presentations by D.J., [[Arundhati Roy]], [[William R. Catton, Jr.|William Catton]], Rikki Ott, Thomas Linzey, [[Gail Dines]], Jane Caputi, Waziyatawin, McBay, [[Minimum Security|Stephanie McMillan]], Keith, and [[Flashpoints (radio program)|Nora Barrows-Friedman]]. They were also published on DVD and as a book.

Jensen has written three novels: ''Lives Less Valuable''; ''Songs of the Dead''; and ''The Knitting Circle Rapist Annihilation Squad''.

==Criticism==
Jensen's views are broadly controversial. The radical magazine ''[[CounterPunch]]'', in addition to publishing interviews with and articles written by Jensen, has also published commentaries by others who are critical of the potential for Jensen's philosophy to lead followers toward [[nihilism]] due to his "apocalyptic" warnings.<ref>{{cite interview|url=http://www.counterpunch.org/2007/09/11/specters-of-malthus-scarcity-poverty-apocalypse/ |last=Boal|first=Ian|interviewer=David Martinez|year=2007|title=Specters of Malthus: Scarcity, Poverty, Apocalypse |website=Counterpunch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/02/08/apocalypse-and-the-left/ |first=Osha|last=Neumann|year=2013|publisher=CounterPunch|title=Apocalypse and the Left |website=Counterpunch}}</ref>

The organization [[Deep Green Resistance]] (DGR), of which Jensen is a founding member, has been accused of [[transphobia]] in relation to its [[radical feminism|radical feminist]] advocacy.<ref name="Jolie's Choice">{{cite web |url=http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/06/03/jolies-choice/|year=2013|last=Donnelly|first=Michael|title=Jolie's Choice|website=Counterpunch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Be|last=Scofield|url=http://www.decolonizingyoga.com/how-derrick-jensens-deep-green-resistance-supports-transphobia/|title=How Derrick Jensen's Deep Green Resistance Supports Transphobia|publisher=Decolonizing Yoga|year=2013}}</ref> DGR has denied this, stating that it merely has "a difference of opinion about the definition of gender" with [[Transgender activism|transgender activists]]. According to DGR's radical feminism, gender refers to a patriarchal caste system rather than a subjective set of feelings about sexual identity.<ref name="deepgreenresistance.org">{{cite web |url= http://www.deepgreenresistance.org/protect-women-feminism-and-free-speech/ |title=Protect Women, Feminism, and Free Speech |year=2013 |website=Deep Green Resistance|access-date=19 May 2013}}</ref>

Its members claim to be "critical of gender itself. We are not gender reformists—we are gender abolitionists."<ref name=radfem>{{cite web |url= http://www.deepgreenresistance.org/faq-radical-feminism/ |title=FAQ: Radical Feminism |year=2013 |website=Deep Green Resistance|access-date=5 June 2013}}</ref> [[Earth First!]], another radical environmental organization, has dissociated itself from and criticized Jensen and DGR,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://earthfirstjournal.org/newswire/articles/deep-green-resistance-a-critique|title=Deep Green Resistance — a critique|first1=Michelle|last1=Matisons|first2=Alexander Reid|last2=Ross|publisher=[[Earth First!]] Journal|year=2014–2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803103416/http://earthfirstjournal.org/newswire/articles/deep-green-resistance-a-critique/|archive-date=2014-08-03}}</ref> claiming that leaked private emails reveal Jensen's animosity towards trans people and anarchists.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://earthfirstjournal.org/newswire/2013/05/17/deep-green-transphobia-iii-derrick-jensens-hateful-tirade/|title=Deep Green Transphobia III: Derrick Jensen’s Hateful Tirade | Earth First! Newswire}}</ref>{{efn|In the emails," Jensen states that DGR members were assaulted and violently threatened by transgender anarchist activists at an anarchist event. He also condemns the failure of anarchists to intervene to help the DGR members, calls anarchists liars, and says to a [[trans woman]], "You are not a woman. You are a man who believes he is a woman."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dysophia.org.uk/a-short-letter-to-earth-first-and-anarchists-on-the-transphobia-and-anti%C2%AD-anarchist-positions-of-deep-green-resistance/|title=A Short Letter to Earth First! and Anarchists on the Transphobia and Anti-anarchist Positions of Deep Green Resistance|publisher=Dysophia|year=2013}}</ref>}}

Jensen has rarely commented publicly on transgender politics, although in ''Endgame'' he briefly mentions transgender people, along with other [[Social exclusion|marginalized groups]], in a call for [[solidarity|political solidarity]].<ref>''Endgame'', V.2, p. 829: "We are the oppressed. We are prisoners, family farmers, animal liberators, women, children, American Indians, blacks, Mexicans, poor whites, Asians, people of the Third World, the indigenous. We are lesbians, homosexuals, transgendered."</ref> In 2015, ''[[CounterPunch]]'' published an article in which he claims that trans activists are "liberals" who criticized him primarily because he believes women would be required "to share their most intimate spaces with men ... I believe that women have the right to bathe, sleep, gather, and organize free from the presence of men," in response to DGR members denying a [[transgender woman]] membership in a women's caucus space.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/08/10/liberals-and-the-new-mccarthyism/|first=Derrick|last=Jensen|year=2015|publisher=CounterPunch|title=Liberals and the New McCarthyism|website=Counterpunch}}</ref>

Another CounterPunch article claims that Jensen's current beliefs challenge the "gaslighting" "essentialist position" held by "trans activists on their assertions that ... their brain is 'female'."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/07/01/too-many-notes//|first=Derrick|last=Jensen|year=2013|publisher=CounterPunch|title=Gaslighting in the Age of 'Misgendering'|website=Counterpunch}}</ref>

In March 2019, Jensen said that his book ''Anarchism and the Politics of Violation'' had been pulled before publication because he "dared to critique [[queer theory]]", and that the publisher, [[Seven Stories Press]], had called it "a misuse of truth".<ref>{{cite av media |last=Jensen |first=Derrick | date=10 March 2019 | title=This Is Your Brain On Censorship | type=Podcast | language=en | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moQSq6deVZQ | website=YouTube | quote=As people may know, I had a book that was meant to come out in November, and the publisher in August pulled the book. And he pulled the book because I dared to critique Queer Theory. And he didn't even cite anything that I had said. He said "I can't find anything you've said that is inaccurate, but it is" – to put it in his words – "a misuse of truth to say these things", whatever that means.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=McCain |first=Robert Stacy |title=Queer Theory Pedophilia Jeopardy | website=The Other McCain | date=25 September 2019 | url=https://theothermccain.com/2019/09/24/queer-theory-pedophilia-jeopardy/}}</ref>{{efn|The book was assigned an ISBN and OCLC identifier, although no copies are available. {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |title=Anarchism and the Politics of Violation |date=6 November 2018 |publisher=Seven Stories Press |isbn=978-1-60980-877-8 |oclc=1023053668}} (unpublished)}}

==Documentaries==

Jensen was featured in the documentaries ''[[What a Way to Go: Life at the End of Empire]]'' (2007), ''Blind Spot'' (2008),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1285158/|title=Blind Spot (2008) – IMDb|via=www.imdb.com}}</ref> ''First Earth: Uncompromising Ecological Architecture'' (2009),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1380891/|title=First Earth: Uncompromising Ecological Architecture (2009) – IMDb|via=www.imdb.com}}</ref> ''Call of Life'' (2010)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1002965/|title=Call of Life (2010) – IMDb|via=www.imdb.com}}</ref> and ''END:CIV'' (2011).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1830585/|title=END:CIV (2011) – IMDb|via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>

== Honors and awards ==
* 2008: Named a "visionary" as one of [[Utne Reader]] magazine's "50 Visionaries Who Are Changing the World."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.utne.com/media/50-Visionaries-Who-Are-Changing-Your-World/|title=50 Visionaries Who Are Changing Your World}}</ref>
* 2006: Named "Person of the Year" by ''Press Action'' for the publication of ''Endgame''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131006162351/http://www.pressaction.com/news/weblog/full_article/awards12292006/ Press Action ::: Press Action Awards 2006]</ref>
* 2003: ''The Culture of Make Believe'' was one of two finalists for the J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.derrickjensen.org/published.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208222404/http://www.derrickjensen.org/published.html |url-status=dead |title=Derrick Jensen |archivedate=February 8, 2007}}</ref>
* 1995: Critics' Choice for one of America's ten best nature books of 1995, for ''Listening to the Land: Conversations About Nature, Culture, and Eros''.<ref name="Derrick Jensen"/>

== Published works ==

===Books===
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=Draffan |first2=George |last3=Osborn |first3=John |title=Listening to the land: Conversations about nature, culture, and Eros |publisher=Sierra Club Books |location=San Francisco |year=1995 |isbn=0-87156-417-3 |oclc=31046167 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/listeningtolandc00jens }} Republished by Chelsea Green in 2004 with {{isbn|978-1-931498-56-2}}.
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=Draffan |first2=George |last3=Osborn |first3=John |title=Railroads and clearcuts: Legacy of Congress's 1864 Northern Pacific Railroad land grant |publisher=Inland Empire Public Lands Council / Keokee Company Publishing |location=Spokane, Wash. Sandpoint, Idaho |year=1995 |isbn=1-879628-08-2 |oclc=32546308}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=[[A Language Older Than Words |A language older than words]] |publisher=Context Books |location=New York |year=2000 |isbn=1-893956-03-2 |oclc=44078542}} Republished by Chelsea Green in 2004 with {{isbn|978-1-931498-55-5}}.
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=[[The Culture of Make Believe |The culture of make believe]] |publisher=Context Books |location=New York |year=2002 |isbn=1-893956-28-8 |oclc=48761707}} Republished by Chelsea Green in 2004 with {{isbn|978-1-931498-57-9}}.
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=Draffan |first2=George |title=Strangely like war: The global assault on forests |publisher=Chelsea Green |location=White River Junction, VT |year=2003 |isbn=978-1-931498-45-6 |oclc=52464656 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/strangelylikewar0000jens }}
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=Draffan |first2=George |title=Welcome to the machine: Science, surveillance, and the culture of control |location=White River Junction, VT |publisher=Chelsea Green |year=2004 |isbn=1-931498-52-0 |oclc=54966302}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Walking on water: reading, writing, and revolution |location=White River Junction, VT |publisher=Chelsea Green |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-931498-78-4 |oclc=58051191}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=[[Endgame (Derrick Jensen books) |Endgame]], Volume 1: The Problem of Civilization |publisher=Seven Stories Press |location=New York |year=2006 |isbn=1-58322-730-X |oclc=64098342}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |date=2006 |title=Endgame, Volume 2: Resistance}}, Seven Stories Press, {{ISBN |1-58322-724-5}}
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=Tweedy-Holmes |first2=Karen |title=Thought to exist in the wild: Awakening from the nightmare of zoos |publisher=No Voice Unheard |location=Santa Cruz, CA |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-9728387-1-9 |oclc=137341817 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/thoughttoexistin0000jens }}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Thought to exist in the wild: Awakening from the nightmare of zoos |publisher=No Voice Unheard |location=Santa Cruz, CA |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-9728387-1-9 |oclc=137341817 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/thoughttoexistin0000jens }}
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=McMillan |first2=Stephanie |author-link2=Stephanie McMillan (cartoonist) |title=As the world burns: 50 simple things you can do to stay in denial |publisher=Seven Stories Press |location=New York |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-58322-777-0 |oclc=154705030 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/asworldburns50si00jens }}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=How shall I live my life? On liberating the earth from civilization |publisher=PM Press |location=Oakland, Calif |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-60486-003-0 |oclc=568066001 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/howshallilivemyl00jens_0 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask1=with |last2=McBay |first2=Aric |title=What we leave behind |publisher=Seven Stories Press |location=New York |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-58322-867-8 |oclc=261176357 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/whatweleavebehin0000jens }}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Songs of the dead |publisher=Flashpoint Press/PM Press |location=Crescent City, CA |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-60486-044-3 |oclc=435639513}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Lives less valuable: A novel |publisher=PM Press Turnaround distributor |location=Oakland, Calif. London |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-60486-045-0 |oclc=611595324 |language=fr}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Resistance against empire |publisher=Flashpoint Press PM |location=Crescent City, Calif. Oakland, CA |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-60486-046-7 |oclc=651663537}}
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=McMillan |first2=Stephanie |author-link2=Stephanie McMillan (cartoonist) |title=Mischief in the forest: A yarn yarn |publisher=PM Press |location=Oakland, Calif. London |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-60486-081-8 |oclc=700207114}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Dreams |publisher=Seven Stories Press |location=New York |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-58322-930-9 |oclc=669755057}}
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask1=with |last2=McBay |first2=Aric |last3=Keith |first3=Lierre |author-link3=Lierre Keith |title=Deep green resistance: Strategy to save the planet |publisher=Seven Stories Press |location=New York |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-58322-929-3 |oclc=601132927}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Truths among us: Conversations on building a new culture |publisher=PM Press |location=Oakland, CA |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-60486-299-7 |oclc=756915435}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |editor-last=Keith |editor-first=Lierre |editor-link=Lierre Keith |title=The Derrick Jensen reader: Writings on environmental revolution |publisher=Seven Stories Press |location=New York |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-60980-404-6 |oclc=753625923}}
* {{cite book |last1=Jensen |first1=Derrick |author-mask=with |last2=McMillan |first2=Stephanie |author-link2=Stephanie McMillan (cartoonist) |title=The knitting circle rapist annihilation squad |publisher=PM Press |location=Chicago |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-60486-596-7 |oclc=811505057}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Jensen |editor-first=Derrick |editor-mask=with |editor-last2=Keith |editor-first2=Lierre |editor-link2=Lierre Keith |date=2012 |title=Earth at risk: Building a resistance movement to save the planet |publisher=PM Press |isbn=978-1-60486-674-2}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=The myth of human supremacy |publisher=Seven Stories Press |location=New York, NY |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-60980-678-1 |oclc=914290213}}
* {{cite book |last=Jensen |first=Derrick |author-mask=1 |title=Monsters: Short stories |publisher=PM Press |location=Oakland, CA |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-62963-436-4 |oclc=987687487}}
* Bright Green Lies: How the Environmental Movement Lost Its Way and What We Can Do – 2021

===Spoken word on CD and DVD===
* Derrick Jensen ''Standup Tragedy'' (live double CD), 2002
* ---- ''The Other Side of Darkness'' (live CD), [[PM Press]], 2004
* ---- ''Now This War Has Two Sides'' (live CD), [[PM Press]], 2008
* [[Lierre Keith]], [[Arundhati Roy]], D.J. & al ''Earth at Risk'' (6 DVD set), [[PM Press]], 2012

== See also ==
* [[Deep ecology]]
* [[Deep Green Resistance]]
* [[Kevin Tucker (anarchist)|Kevin Tucker]]
* [[Lierre Keith]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{Wikiquote}}
* [https://derrickjensen.org/ Official website]
* {{IMDb name|3336335}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jensen, Derrick}}
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century American male writers]]
[[Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:21st-century American novelists]]
[[Category:American anti-capitalists]]
[[Category:American environmentalists]]
[[Category:American feminist writers]]
[[Category:American male non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:American male novelists]]
[[Category:American non-fiction environmental writers]]
[[Category:Anti-consumerists]]
[[Category:Colorado School of Mines alumni]]
[[Category:Deep ecologists]]
[[Category:Eastern Washington University alumni]]
[[Category:Ecofeminists]]
[[Category:Ecophilosophers]]
[[Category:Feminist musicians]]
[[Category:Male feminists]]
[[Category:Writers from Colorado]]
[[Category:Writers from Washington (state)]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Hermitary

2022-03-16T19:34:52Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox website | name = '''Hermitary''' | logo = | logo_size = | logo_alt = | logo_caption = <!-- or: | logocaption =..."

{{Infobox website
| name = '''Hermitary'''
| logo =
| logo_size =
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| logo_caption = 
| screenshot =
| collapsible = 
| collapsetext = 
| background = 
| screenshot_size =
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| caption =
| url = {{URL|http://www.hermitary.com/}}
| slogan =
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| type =
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| language = English
| num_users =
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| launch_date = 2002
| revenue =
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| oclc = 
| current_status = Active
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}}
'''Hermitary''' is a website of resources relating to hermits and solitude.<ref>[http://www.hermitary.com/ Hermitary]</ref>

==History==
Hermitary has been online since 2002.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.hermitary.com/ Hermitary]
*[http://www.hermitary.com/articles/ Articles]
*[http://www.hermitary.com/bookreviews/ Book reviews]

[[Category:Hermits]]
[[Category:Online archives]]

List of human phenotypes

2022-03-16T19:34:40Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "Below is a '''list of human phenotypes''' ("anthropological types").<ref>[http://humanphenotypes.net/metrics/metric.html HumanPhenotypes.net]</ref> ==Phenotypes== ===Negroid=..."

Below is a '''list of human phenotypes''' ("anthropological types").<ref>[http://humanphenotypes.net/metrics/metric.html HumanPhenotypes.net]</ref>

==Phenotypes==
===Negroid===
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Sanid.html Sanid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Kalaharid.html Kalaharid]: Northern and Central Bushmen, e.g. the !Kung (e.g. Ju/'hoansi), Naro, Khwe, Amkoe, and related people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Karroid.html Karroid]: Taa speakers, Xam, Khomani, Karretjie, and Coloreds
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Strandlooper.html Strandlooper]: South African coasts from Cape Colony to the Skeleton Coast; Topnaar (ǂAonin)
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Khoid.html Khoid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Khoid.html Khoid]: Khoikhoi (Hottentots)
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Sandawe.html Sandawe]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Hadza.html Hadza]
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Bambutid.html Bambutid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastBambutid.html East Bambutid]: Mbuti, Asua, Kango, and Efe
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/WestBambutid.html West Bambutid]: Baka, Aka, Bongo, Gyele, and Kola
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/TwaCwa.html Twa-Cwa]: Mongo Cwa, Kasai Cwa, and Ba Twa
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Congolid.html Congolid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Congolesid.html Congolesid]: Lingala, Tshiluba, Bapoto, Boa, Ngumba, Ba Soko, Mpongwe, Barotse, and related people, more mixed in Chokwe, Kordofanians, Zande, Kongo, etc.
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/WestCongolesid.html West Congolesid]: Makaa-Njem speakers, also in Bamileke, Bassa, Ewondo, Batanga, and Eto
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Guinesid.html Guinesid]: Susu, Konyanke, Krou, Kuranko, Kissi, Guerzè, Kpelle, Yakoba, Temne, Bidyogo, Baule, Dida, Nago, Yoruba, also Ekoi, Kongo, Teke, and related people
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/SudanoGuinesid.html Sudano Guinesid]: Mandinka, Mandjak, Fon, Dyula, Ekoi, Gurma, Balanta, Baga, Mankanya, Yoruba, Yalunka, Karaboro, Wamey, and many others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/GuineoCamerunian.html Guineo Camerunian]: Gagu, Anyi, Ashanti, Southern Igbo, Cameroonians (e.g. Bakaka, Nen), and many related people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/MunduMangbeto.html Mundu Mangbeto]: Mangbetu, Mundu, Lese, Medje, more mixed in Zande and some Central Sudanic speakers
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/MountainDama.html Mountain Dama]: Damara, Ovambo, and related groups
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Bantuid.html Bantuid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthBantuid.html North Bantuid]: Ganda, Hutu, Nyoro, Hehe, Gogo, Chaga, Sukuma, Nyamwezi, Swahili, mixed in Hemba, Kikuyu, Kamba, and others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthBantuid.html South Bantuid]: Zulu, Swazi, Bhaca, also in Makua, Kwanyama, Hlubi, Fengu, Ovambo, Pondo and many more
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/CentralBantuid.html Central Bantuid]: Tsonga and Tonga, also in Kunda, Mbundu, Vili, Venda, Nyungwe, and others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ChopiTswana.html Chopi-Tswana]: Chopi and Tswana, also in the Nyamban, sometimes Tsonga, Sotho, and surrounding groups
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/FenguPondo.html Fengu-Pondo]: Fengu, Pondo, and Hlubi
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Xhosaid.html Xhosaid]: Xhosa, Southern Sotho, and Shangana
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Katangid.html Katangid]: Korana, as well as Zulus, Xhosa, and others
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Sudanid.html Sudanid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Sudanid.html Sudanid]: Mossi, Lobi, Dagaaba, Senufo, Northern Malinke, Gurunsi, Songhai, and Bambara
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastSudanid.html East Sudanid]: Fur, Kresh, Yulu, Nara, Kunama, and even Southern Egyptians
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/MiddleNile.html Middle Nile]: Khartoum to Kosti and west to El Obeid, also in Kababish, Sudanese Arabs, and even Baqquara
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Bobo.html Bobo]: Bobo-Fing and Bobo-Dyula, also in Dogon, Senufo, and Songhai
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Senegalid.html Senegalid]: Wolof, more mixed in Serer
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/EquatorialSudanid.html Equatorial Sudanid]: Azande, Baya, Mundu, Banda, Nzkara, Logo, Keliko, Kresh, Bongo, Avukaya, Madi, but also Fang
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Casamance.html Casamance]: Jola, Jola-Felupe, Diamate, and related groups
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Fezzanid.html Fezzanid]: Fezzanesi of South Libya, the Iravellan caste of Tuaregs, and even Haratins
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Nilotid.html Nilotid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Dinkaid.html Dinkaid]: Dinka and Nuer, but also Atuot, Atwot, Agar, Bor
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Shillukid.html Shillukid]: Shilluk, but also in Anuak
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthNilotid.html South Nilotid]: Acholi, Alur, Kawka, Bari, Kresh, Luo, Lotuko, sometimes even Mangbetu
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/NiloHamitic.html Nilo Hamitic]: Pokot, Nandi, Samburu, and Turkana
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Shari.html Shari]: Sara, also in Bua, Mbum, Ouldeme, Madara, Massa, Mousgoum, Banda, and even Azande
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/PreNilotid.html Pre Nilotid]: Kwama, Uduk, Gumuz, Mao, and related people
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Ethiopid.html Ethiopid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastEthiopid.html East Ethiopid]: Hawiye, Darod, Dir, but also common in Tigray-Tigrinya, Agaw, and Eastern Oromo
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthEthiopid.html North Ethiopid]: Beja, Beni Amer, Nubians, Hadendoa
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthEthiopid.html South Ethiopid]: Tutsi, also in Hema
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Maasai.html Maasai]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/CentralEthiopid.html Central Ethiopid]: Oromo, also Somali, Borana, Konso, and Sidama
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SaharanEthiopid.html Saharan Ethiopid]: Toubou, but more mixed in Hausa, Iravellans of the Tuareg, Kanembu, Buduma, Zande, Fur, even Eton
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ProtoEthiopid.html Proto Ethiopid]: occasionally found in Kunama and Nara, but also Amhara, Tigray-Tigrinya, rarer in Oromo, Beja, and others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Omotic.html Omotic]: Ari/Aari, Banna, Hamer, Karo, Turmi, and Erbore
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/PaleoSaharid.html Paleo Saharid]: about 20% of Toubous (Teda) in the Tibesti mountains, also Dawada of Libya
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Danakil.html Danakil]: Afar people and southern tribes of the Saho (e.g. Hazu)
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Siwa.html Siwa]: Siwa and Awjila oases of Northwestern Egypt
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Moorish.html Moorish]: Moors and Nemadi of Mauritania

===Australoid===
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Negritid.html Negritid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthAndamanid.html North Andamanid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthAndamanid.html South Andamanid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Aetid.html Aetid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Semangid.html Semangid]
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/JahaiSemangid.html Jahai Semangid]: Jahai tribe of the Semang, but also in Bateq and occasionally other Semang groups and even Jakudn
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Veddid.html Veddid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Vedda.html Vedda]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthGondid.html North Gondid]: Gond, Kurukh, Bhil, Juang, Baiga
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthGondid.html South Gondid]: Muria, also Mardia, Koyi, and the tribes of Bastar
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Malid.html Malid]: isolated groups of Kanikkaran, Kadar, and Paniya
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Malabarese.html Malabarese]: Malabarese and related people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Toalid.html Toalid]: Toala, also Tokea and Loinang
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Senoid.html Senoid]: Semai, Temiar, Mahmeri, Chewong, also Moken, Degar, Porr, and Shompen
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ArabianVeddoid.html Arabian Veddoid]: Mehri of South Oman, around Hadramaut in Yemen, Iranians of Susa, Makran, and Socotrans
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/IndoMelanid.html Indo Melanid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Karnatid.html Karnatid]: Tamils, mixed in Periya, sometimes other Indian people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Kolid.html Kolid]: Santhal and Ho
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Melanesid.html Melanesid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/InsularMelanesid.html Insular Melanesid]: East Papua, New Britain, New Ireland, Admiralty Islands, Eastern Solomon Islands, Nendo, Banks Islands, and Vanuatu
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/BrachioMelanesid.html Brachio Melanesid]: Kerewo of Goaribari Island in the Papua Gulf - and the related Kiwai; the Bismarck Archipelago
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NeoMelanesid.html Neo Melanesid]: Papuan speakers, also in the Torres Strait, Ceram, Halmahera, East Flores, Aru, and North Australia
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/MountainMelanesid.html Mountain Melanesid]: Dani, Moni, Ekagi, Mbowamb, Enga, Paniani, Yali, and many others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Tapirid.html Tapirid]: Tapiro (extinct), also in Pesechem, Goliath, Aiome, Afere, Baining, Mafulu, Yali, Kimyal, Mek, Ketengban, and Una
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Bukaid.html Bukaid]: Western Solomons (e.g. Buka, New Georgia) and Bougainville, also Nissan
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/PaleoMelanesid.html Paleo Melanesid]: Kanak of New Caledonia (purest in the north of the island)
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Australid.html Australid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthAustralid.html North Australid]: Gulf of Carpentaria and Arnhem Land
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthAustralid.html South Australid]: Wiradjuri, Darling, Narungga, Wirangu, and related people in the Murray basin of Southeastern Australia
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/DesertAustralid.html Desert Australid]: Ngaanyatjarra, Pintupi, and Pitjantjatjara
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Barrinean.html Barrinean]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Tasmanid.html Tasmanid]: Tasmania

===Caucasoid===
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Orientalid.html Orientalid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Arabid.html Arabid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Iranid.html Iranid]
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/IndoIranid.html Indo Iranid]: Baluchis, Brahuis, Pathans, Tarin, Dehwar, Pashto, and Yaghnobi
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Libyid.html Libyid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Targid.html Targid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Egyptid.html Egyptid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Assyroid.html Assyroid]
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Armenoid.html Armenoid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Armenid.html Armenid]
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/Mtebid.html Mtebid]: Georgians, also Chechens, Ingushes, and Ossetians
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Anatolid.html Anatolid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Litorid.html Litorid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Carpathid.html Carpathid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Assyroid.html Assyroid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Yemenid.html Yemenid]
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Mediterranid.html Mediterranid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Eurafricanid.html Eurafricanid]: Portugal, Eastern Spain (e.g. Valencia), Liguria, Western Switzerland, Wales, Croatia, North Algeria, Morocco, and Canary Islands
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Berberid.html Berberid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Pontid.html Pontid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/GracileMediterranid.html Gracile Mediterranid]: Iberia, Southern Italy, Mediterranean islands, Western France, Southern Greece, Northern Tunisia
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/PaleoSardinian.html Paleo Sardinian]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/TransMediterranid.html Trans Mediterranid]: North Africa from Morocco to Egypt with high concentrations in Tunisia and Algeria
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Canarid.html Canarid]: Canary Islands, especially in Gomera, Tenerife (Guanches), and Gran Canaria
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Dinarid.html Dinarid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Dinarid.html Dinarid]: Dinaric Alps
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Norid.html Norid]: Austria, Slovakia, Southern and Eastern Germany, Northern France, Northern Albania
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Nordid.html Nordid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ProtoNordid.html Proto Nordid]: Russians, Balts, and other peoples
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/IndoNordic.html Indo Nordic]: Pathan, Nuristani, and Kalash, occasionally Dards, Brokpa of Ladak, Kashmiri, Pamiri, Tajik, and Uyghurs
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/AistoNordid.html Aisto Nordid]: coastal regions of Baltic countries
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/FennoNordid.html Fenno Nordid]: Finno-Ugric people, a minority element in Eastern Finns, e.g. Mordvins, Komi (esp around Vashka), Mari, Udmurts, and Carelians, sometimes in Russians, Western Finns, Balts, and even Saami
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Dalofaelid.html Dalofaelid]: Central Germany, Netherlands, and Southern Sweden / Norway, partially even Southern Finland
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Hallstatt.html Hallstatt]: Swedes and South Norwegians
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Tronder.html Trønder]: Norwegian Trøndelag region, also in in other parts of Norway, Iceland, and Central Sweden
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/AngloSaxon.html Anglo-Saxon]: East England
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/PaleoAtlantid.html Paleo Atlantid]: Southern Norwegian mountain valleys (e.g. Tydal), Dalarna (Sweden), Western Scotland, and Ireland
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Borreby.html Borreby]: Denmark, South Norway (Jæren), and North Germany (esp. Fehmarn)
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Alpinid.html Alpinid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/WestAlpinid.html West Alpinid]: Western Alps and Central France (e.g. the Swiss Disentis, the French Savoy, Auvergne and Massif Central regions)
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastAlpinid.html East Alpinid]: mountain zones of Anatolia, to Northern Syria and Iraq
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/AfricanAlpinoid.html African Alpinoid]: Atlas Mountains of Algeria and Tunisia
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Gorid.html Gorid]: Southern Poland and surrounding peoples
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Strandid.html Strandid]: Southwestern Norway
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Baskid.html Baskid]: Basques of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques region of Southwestern France
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/EastEuropid.html East Europid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Tavastid.html Tavastid]: Baltic countries, from Sweden to Finland and from Estonia to Germany and Romania
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Savolaxid.html Savolaxid]: Eastern Finland, Karelia, and Northern Russia, also Lappland
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NeoDanubian.html Neo Danubian]: Belarus, Greater Russia, and Poland
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/PreSlavic.html Pre Slavic]: Poles and West Ukrainians, especially in Volhynia, Galicia, Podolia, and east of Warsaw
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Turanid.html Turanid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastPamirid.html East Pamirid]: Pamiri speakers of the Pamir Mountains in Eastern Tajikistan and Northern Afghanistan, especially in the areas of Rushan, Shugan, and Vakhan
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/CentralPamirid.html Central Pamirid]: highland Tajiks
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/PlainsPamirid.html Plains Pamirid]: Uzbeks and Uyghurs
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/AndronovoTuranid.html Andronovo-Turanid]: Kazan Tatars, but also in other Turkic people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Alfoeld.html Alföld]: Hungary, especially the Alföld plain and Transdanubia
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Indid.html Indid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/IndoBrachid.html Indo Brachid]: Nagar Brahmin, Kayastha, Kannada, Jat and Mir-Jat, South Baluchistan, sometimes Baloch
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/CentralBrachid.html Central Brachid]: Uttar Pradesh, South Nepal, the Gangetic Plain, the Deccan Plateau, and other parts of Central India as far as Orissa
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastBrachid.html East Brachid]: Western Himalaya / Nepal to Bhutan to the Bengals and Burma
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/GracileIndid.html Gracile Indid]: along the Ganges river and Deccan
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/MountainIndid.html Mountain Indid]: Garhwali of Uttarakhand and Pahari, but also in Purigi, Kanets, Rajputs, Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Nepal, Eastern Afghanistan, even Tajikistan
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Sinhalesid.html Sinhalesid]: Sinhalese and related people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Keralid.html Keralid]: plains of Malabar (Kerala), typical for Tiyer / Ezhava, Mukkaver, Kammalan, Nairs, and similar medium ranked castes of Kerala
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthIndid.html North Indid]: Sikh and Punjabi and upper/warrior castes of the Doab, also in Rajputs, Patharns, in Kashmir and the Hindu Kush
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Toda.html Toda]

===Mongoloid===
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Tungid.html Tungid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Gobid.html Gobid]: Buryat, Mongolians, Tuvins, also in Yakut, South Altaians
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Baykal.html Baykal]: Evens, Eastern Evenks, Yukagirs
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Katanga.html Katanga]: Tofalars, Western Evenks of the Yenisei and Taz river basins, as well as Eastern Tuvin
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/AmurSakhalin.html Amur-Sakhalin]: Nivkhs (Gilyaks)
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Aralid.html Aralid]: Kazakhs, but also in other Turkic people like Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, and Tatars
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/MountainAralid.html Mountain Aralid]: Kyrgyz
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/Transcaspian.html Transcaspian]: Turkmens
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ManchuKorean.html Manchu-Korean]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Satsuma.html Satsuma]: southern coasts of Kagoshima, Shikoku, and Honshu, also in the Ryukyu Islands and along Korea's south coast
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Sibirid.html Sibirid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Uralid.html Uralid]: Khanty and Mansi
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Ladogan.html Ladogan]: Khanty, Mansi, and Chuvash
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Volgid.html Volgid]: Mari, Chuvash, Volga-Finns. More mixed in Udmurts, Finns, and Ryazan
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Yenisey.html Yenisey]: Ket
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Samoyedic.html Samoyedic]: Nenets, also in Enets, and mixed in Selkups and Nganasans
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Chukchid.html Chukchid]: Koryak and Reindeer Chukchis
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Lappid.html Lappid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ScandoLappid.html Scando Lappid]: Southern Saami people (formerly "Lapps")
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthLappid.html North Lappid]: Eastern Saami (formerly "Lapps")
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Ainuid.html Ainuid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Aoshima.html Aoshima]: Ainu of Hokkaido
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Chikuzen.html Chikuzen]: northern half of Kyushu Island, and was often found among Samurai
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Ishikawa.html Ishikawa]: northern middle and northeastern part of Honshu Island
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Sinid.html Sinid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Huanghoid.html Huanghoid]: Liaoning, Kirin, Heilungkiang and Jehol, sometimes Hoklo in Fuijan
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Chukiangid.html Chukiangid]: Cantonese, Guangdong, Fukien, Southern Yunna, mixed in Vietnamese, Tai, and Muong
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Tonkinesid.html Tonkinesid]: Northern Vietnam
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Annamid.html Annamid]: Central Vietnam, slightly more mixed in South Vietnam
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Changkiangid.html Changkiangid]: Kiangsu, Chekiang, Anhuei, Kiangsi, Hupei, Hunan, Szechuan, Kueichow, and Yunnan
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Kham.html Kham]: Eastern Tibet
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Tibetid.html Tibetid]: Ladhak of Northern India and West Tibetans, also in Eastern and Northern Tibetans, especially in nomads, as well as in Szechuan and Northern Yunnan (especially in Yi, sometimes Miao)
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Choshiu.html Choshiu]: west coast of Honshu
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Yakonin.html Yakonin]: occasionally found across Japan
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/SouthMongolid.html South Mongolid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Palaungid.html Palaungid]: Central Burmese hill tribes
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastPalaungid.html East Palaungid]: hills of South China, often in Pakanic, Liau, Pu-man, Zhuang, Angku, etc.
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthPalaungid.html South Palaungid]: hill tribes of Thailand, Laos, and parts of Vietnam, in Lao Soung, Khmu, Lua, Degar
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Kachinid.html Kachinid]: Kachin, also in Karen, and has a Nagid subvariety in Naga, Khmu and Lao
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Shanid.html Shanid]: Burmese
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/EastShanid.html East Shanid]: Lao, Northern Thai, Tay, Sibala, etc
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Khmerid.html Khmerid]: Khmer
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/DeuteroMalayid.html Deutero Malayid]: Malay
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Dayakid.html Dayakid]: Dayaks of Borneo, also common in Batak, Kubu, Toradja, Bugi, Bontoc, Ibaloi, Isnag, Nabaloi, Kankani, Bonto, Kalinga, Ifuago, Jakun, sometimes Taiwanese, Malagasy, Polynesians, and others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ProtoMalayid.html Proto Malayid]: Lesser Sunda Islands like Sumba, Flores, Timor up to Kisar, also common in the Maluku Islands (Aru, Lei, Tanimbar, Ceram, Ambon, Buru), West Tenggarese of Java, and in Siberut in the west of Sumatra
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Malagasid.html Malagasid]: Sihanka, Betsileo, Betsimisaraka, Tsimihety, Sakalava, etc.
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Polynesid.html Polynesid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Polynesid.html Polynesid]
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/RobustPolynesid.html Robust Polynesid]: Hawaii, Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands, Marquesas, and Tahiti
***[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthPolynesid.html South Polynesid]: Maori of New Zealand, but also Moriori and Rapa Nui
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Nesiotid.html Nesiotid]: Samoa
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Micronesid.html Micronesid]: Micronesia and Guam
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Fijid.html Fijid]: Fiji Islands

===Amerindian===
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Eskimid.html Eskimid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Inuid.html Inuid]: Inuit
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/BeringSea.html Bering Sea]: Alaskan Yupik and Siberian Yupik
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Silvid.html Silvid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Planid.html Planid]: Siouan speakers (Dakota, Assiniboine, Lakota, Crow, etc.), Blackfoot, and Cheyenne
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Appalacid.html Appalacid]: East Algonquins and Iroquois
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Pacifid.html Pacifid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Pacifid.html Pacifid]: Wakashan and many Salishan speakers, especially Kwakiutl and Nez Perce, also Flatheads, Tlinkit, Haida, Coeur d'Alene, Shuswap, Yakama, and many related groups
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/CaliforniaPacifid.html California Pacifid]: Yurok as well as Chinook groups, also in Hupa, Modoc, Klamath, the extinct Chumash, and related people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Athabaskid.html Athabaskid]: Athabaskan speakers like Ahtna, Carrier Chilcotin, Dogrib, Sacree, Tanana, Telah, Tutchone, and others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Arizonid.html Arizonid]: Apache, Navajo, and Comanche, also in some neighboring tribes
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Centralid.html Centralid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Isthmid.html Isthmid]: Mayangna, Pech, Kuna, Naso, Ngäbe, Bokota, and related people
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Maya.html Maya]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Pueblid.html Pueblid]: Hopi, Zuni, Choctaw, Caddo, Ute, Mohave, Nahua, Huichol, and many of their neighbors
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Margid.html Margid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Mexicid.html Mexicid]: Otomi, Purépecha, Pame, Pima of Mexico, as well West Mono and Pomo of California
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Sonorid.html Sonorid]: Pima (O'odham) and Seri
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Californid.html Californid]: Yuki, North Pomo, Wailaki, Kato, Huchnom, and Wappo
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Andid.html Andid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthAndid.html North Andid]: Peruvian and Ecuadorian Andes
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/CentralAndid.html Central Andid]: Aymara, also common in Southern Quechua and Diaguita
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthAndid.html South Andid]: Mapuche
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Patagonid.html Patagonid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Patagonid.html Patagonid]: Tehuelche, and slightly Fuegid-admixed in Selknam
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Bororo.html Bororo]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Pampid.html Pampid]: Chorote, Chané, Mataco, Kadiweu, Pilagá, Toba, Wichí, Mocoví, Abipón, and the extinct Charrúa of Uruguay
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Lagid.html Lagid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/LagoaSanta.html Lagoa Santa]: Ję speakers like Xavante, Xerente, Krahô, Kayapo, Apinajé, U'wa; also in Xingu and Ayoreo and some Amazonians (e.g. Yanomani, Ye'kuana)
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthFuegid.html South Fuegid]: Yaghan and Kawésqar, also the extinct Chonos, Changos, and others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Huarpid.html Huarpid]: Huarpe, common in Sirionó and the almost-gone Comechingónes
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/Botocudo.html Botocudo]: Botocudo (Aimoré, Krenak)
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/basic/Amazonid.html Amazonid]
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/NorthAmazonid.html North Amazonid]: Cariban speakers, e.g. Caribs, Makushi, Pemón, Taurepang, Wayana, Yabarana, among others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/SouthAmazonid.html South Amazonid]: Tupian speakers, e.g. Apika, Awá-Guajá, Guarani, Kawahib, Chiriguano, Piripkura, etc., and the extinct Tupi and Querandí
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/WestAmazonid.html West Amazonid]: Arawakan speakers, typical groups are Yawalapiti, Asháninka, Mashco-Piro, Piapoco, Wayuu, among others
**[http://humanphenotypes.net/ChocoMotilon.html Chocó-Motilon]: Chocó (Embera, Wounaan), Motilon (Barí, Yukpa) and some related people

==Typologies==
Typologies of human phenotypes include:<ref>[http://humanphenotypes.net/typology.html Typologies]. ''HumanPhenotypes.net''. Accessed on May 2021.</ref>

*Knussmann (1996)<ref>Knussmann, R. 1996. Vergleichende Biologie des Menschen: Lehrbuch der Anthropologie und Humangenetik. 2ed. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.</ref>
*Lundman (1988)<ref>Lundman, B. 1988. Jordens folkstammar. Huddinge.</ref>
*Alexeev (1979)<ref>Alexeev, V. P. 1979. The Differential Geography of Races. In: Stini, W. A. Physiological and Morphological Adaptation and Evolution. De Gruyter.</ref>
*Debets (1974)<ref>Debets, G. 1974. Essay on the Graphical Presentation of the Genealogical Classification of Human Races. In: Bromley, Y. Soviet Ethnology and Anthropology Today. Mouton & Co.</ref>
*Vogel (1974)<ref>Vogel, C. 1974. Biologie in Stichworten V, Humanbiologie, Menschliche Stammesgeschichte - Populationsdifferenzierung Ferdinand Hirt. Kiel.</ref>
*Vallois (1968)<ref>Vallois, H. V. 1968. Las races humaines. 7 Ed. Grammont.</ref>
*Biasutti (1967)<ref>Biasutti, R. 1967 (1941). Le Razze e i Popoli della terra. 4th Ed. Vol 1-4. U.T.E.T., Torino.</ref>
*Czekanowski (1967)<ref>Czekanowski, J.. 1967. Cz owiek w czasie i przestrzenie. Pa stwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. Warsaw.</ref>
*Lundman (1967)<ref>Lundman, B. 1967. Geographische Anthropologie. Rassen und Völker der Erde. G. Fischer, Stuttgart.</ref>
*Cole (1965)<ref>Cole, S. 1965. Races of Man. Butler & Tanner Ltd. Frome and London.</ref>
*Drexel (1955)<ref>Drexel, A. 1955. Die Völker der Erde. 2nd Ed. Akademie Verlag. Zürich.</ref>
*Eickstedt (1952)<ref>Eickstedt, E. von. 1952. Die prioritätsgerechten Bezeichnungen der menschlichen Varitäten. In: Historia Mundi. Band 1, Munich, 223-226.</ref>
*Cheboksarov (1951)<ref>Cheboksarov, N.N.. 1951. Osnovnyje printsipy antropologicheskikh klassifikatsij. TIE. 16.</ref>
*Coon, Garn, Birdsell (1950)<ref>Coon, C. S., Garn, S. M. and Birdsell, J. B. 1950. Races: a Study of Race formation in Man. Charles C. Thomas. Springfield.</ref>
*Hooton (1946)<ref>Hooton, E.A. 1946. Up from the Ape. Rev. ed. Macmillan Company . New York.</ref>
*Lundman (1943)<ref>Lundman, B. 1943. Jordens Människoraser och Folkstammar. Nybloms Förlag, Uppsala.</ref>
*Biasutti (1941)<ref>Biasutti, R. 1941. Le Razze e i Popoli della terra. 1st Ed. Vol 1-3. U.T.E.T., Torino.</ref>
*Eickstedt (1937)<ref>Eickstedt, E. von. 1937. Geschichte der anthropologischen Namengebung und Klassifikation. In: Zeitschrift für Rassenkunde. Band 5, 209-282, Band 6, 36-96, 151-210.</ref>
*Montandon (1933)<ref>Montandon, G. 1933. La race, les races: mise au point d éthnologie somatique. Payot. Paris.</ref>
*Klimek (1932)<ref>Klimek, St. 1932. Terytorja antropologiczne. Prace Geogr. 15. Lwow / Warzawa.</ref>
*Haddon (1925)<ref>Haddon, A.C.. 1925. The Races of Man and their distribution. Cambridge at the University Press. London.</ref>
*Kleinschmidt (1922)<ref> Kleinschmidt, O. 1922. Realgattung Homo Sapiens. Eine naturgeschichtliche Monographie des Menschen. In: Beraja, Zoographia infinita. Halle.</ref>
*Gregory (1921)<ref>Gregory, W. 1921. Conspectus of the species and chief races of Hominidae. J. Dental Resreach 3. 178-197.</ref>
*Giuffrida-Ruggeri (1912/13)<ref> Giuffrida-Ruggeri, V. 1913. Homo sapiens. Einleitung zu einem Kurse der Anthropologie. Wien.</ref><ref>Giuffrida-Ruggeri, V. 1912. Schema di Classificazione degli hominidae attuali. Arch. per l'A. e l'Etn. XLII.</ref>
*Biasutti (1912)<ref>Biasutti, R. 1912 Studi di Antropogeografia Generale. I Studi sulla distribuzione dei caratteri e dei tipi antropologici. Mem. Geogr. 6. Firenze.</ref>
*Bonarelli (1909)<ref>Bonarelli, G. 1909. Le Razze umane e le loro probabili affinità. Bull. Soc. Geogr. Ital. 66. 953-979.</ref>
*Sergi (1908)<ref>Sergi, G. 1908. Di una classificatione razionale dei gruppi umani. Att Soc. Ital. progr. Sci. Rome.</ref>
*Schurtz (1903)<ref>Schurtz, H. 1903. Völkerkunde. Leipzig and Wien.</ref>
*Deniker (1900)<ref> Deniker, J., 1900, The Races of Man: An Outline of Anthropology and Ethnography. Books for Libraries Press. Freeport, NY.</ref>
*Brinton (1890)<ref>Brinton, D. G. 1890. Races and Peoples. Lectures on the science of ethnography. Philadelphia.</ref>
*Deniker (1889)<ref>Deniker, J. 1889. Essai d'une classification des races humaines basée uniquement sur les caractères physiques. Bull. Soc. d'A. 3 (12). 320-336.</ref>
*Flower (1885)<ref> Flower, H. W. 1885. On the Classification of the varieties of the human species. J. Anthr. Inst. 14. 378-395.</ref>
*Haeckel (1873)<ref>Haeckel, E. 1873. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. 4. Berlin.</ref>
*Müller (1873)<ref>Müller, F. 1873. Allgemeine Ethnographie. Wien.</ref>
*Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire (1860)<ref>Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, I. 1860. Sur la classification anthropologique et particulièrement sur les types principaux du genre humain. Mém. Soc. d'Anthr, 1. 125-144. Paris.</ref>
*Zeune (1846)<ref> Zeune, A. 1846. Über Schädelbildung zur festern Begründung der Menschenrassen. Berlin.</ref>
*Morton (1839)<ref>Morton, S. G. Crania Americana. 296. Philadelphia.</ref>
*Broc (1836)<ref>Broc, P. P. 1836. Essai sur les Races Humaines. Paris.</ref>
*Fischer (1829)<ref>Fischer, J. B. 1829. Synopsis Mammalium. Stuttgart.</ref>
*Bory (1827)<ref>Bory de Saint-Vincent, M. 1827. L'Homme (Homo). Essai Zoologique sur le Genre Humain. 2nd Ed. Paris.</ref>
*Lesson (1827)<ref> Lesson, R.-P. 1827. Manuel de Mammologie, ou Historie Naturellle des Mammifères. Paris.</ref>
*Desmoulins (1826)<ref> Desmoulins, A. 1826. Historie Naturelle des Races Humaines du Nord-Est de l'Europe, de l'Asie Boréale et Orientale, et de l'Afrique Australe. Paris.</ref>
*Malte-Brun (1812)<ref>Malte-Brun, K. 1812. Précis de la Géographie Universelle ou Description de Toutes les Parties du Monde, sur un Plan Noveau. 1. Paris.</ref>
*Blumenbach (1806)<ref> Blumenbach, J. F. 1806. Beyträge zur Naturgeschichte. Göttingen.</ref>
*Virey (1801)<ref>Virey, J. J. 1801. Histoire Naturelle du Genre Humain. 2 Vol. Paris.</ref>
*Erxleben (1777)<ref> Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema Regni Animalis per Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Varietates cum Synonymia et Historia Animalium. Leipzig.</ref>
*Hunter (1775)<ref> Hunter, J. 1775. Disputatio inauguralis quaedam de hominum varietatibus et harum causes, exponens. Diss. Edinburgh.</ref>
*Müller (1773)<ref>Müller, P. L. S. 1773. Des Ritters Carl von Linné, Könglich Schwedischen Leibarztes vollständiges Natursystem. Von den säugenden Thieren. Nürnberg.</ref>
*Linné (1758)<ref>Linné, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae. 10 Ed.1 Holmiae.</ref>
*Bernier (1684)<ref>Bernier, F. 1684. Nouvelle divison de la Terre pour les différentes espèces ou races d'hommes qui l'habitent. Journal des sçavans. 133-140.</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==See also==
*[[List of anthropological traits]]

==External links==
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/metrics/metric.html HumanPhenotypes.net]

[[Category:Anthropology]]

List of anthropological traits

2022-03-16T19:34:22Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "Below is a '''list of anthropological traits'''.<ref>[http://humanphenotypes.net/metrics/metric.html Anthropological traits]. ''HumanPhenotypes.net''. Accessed on May 2021.</r..."

Below is a '''list of anthropological traits'''.<ref>[http://humanphenotypes.net/metrics/metric.html Anthropological traits]. ''HumanPhenotypes.net''. Accessed on May 2021.</ref>

==Hair and skin==
;Skin color
*pale
*fair
*light brown
*medium brown
*dark brown
*black

;Hair color
*blonde
*red
*brown
*black

;Hair texture
*coarse straight
*(fine) straight
*wavy
*curly
*tight curly
*kinky
*peppercorn

;Body hair
*weak body hair
*strong body hair

==Body==
;Height
*very short
*short
*rather short
*medium height
*rather tall
*tall
*very tall

;Relative trunk length
*hypermacroskelic
*macroskelic
*mesoskelic
*brachyskelic
*hyperbrachyskelic

;Body type
*ectomorph
*mesomorph
*endomorph

==Head and skull==
;Cephalic index / Head breadth
*hyperdolichocephalic
*dolichocephalic
*mesocephalic
*brachycephalic
*hyperbrachycephalic

;Head size
*small-headed
*large-headed

==Elements of the face==
;Nose breadth
*hyperleptorrhine (very narrow)
*leptorrhine (narrow)
*mesorrhine (medium-wide)
*platyrrhine (wide)
*hyperplatyrrhine (very wide)

;Face breadth
*leptoprosop
*mesoprosop
*euryprosop

;Prognathism
*orthognathous
*prognathous

;Eye folds
*no fold
*nose-lid fold / Mongolian fold
*internal fold / Indian fold
*angle fold / epicanthus
*curtain fold / Hottentot fold
*(laternal) external fold / Negroid fold
*hanging fold / Nordic fold

==References==
<references/>

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*Ten-Kate, H. 1902. Anthropologisches und Verwandtes aus Japan. Internationales Zentralblatt für Anthropologie und verwandte Wissenschaften 7.
*Baelz, E. 1901. Menschen-Rassen Ost-Asiens mit spezieller Rücksicht auf Japan. Verh. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 33, 2. 166-198.
*Hutchinson, H.N., Gregory, J.W. and R. Lydekker. 1901. The living races of Mankind. Vol I-II.
*Sergi, G. 1901. The Mediterranean Race: a study of the origin of the European peoples. London.
*Deniker, J., 1900, The Races of Man: An Outline of Anthropology and Ethnography. Books for Libraries Press. Freeport, NY.
*Girard, H. 1900. Les Dinkas nilotiques. L'Anthr. XI. 409-429.
*Ripley, W. 1900. The Races of Europe: A Sociological Study. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. London.
*Deniker, 1899. Les Races de l'Europe. Paris.
*Hagen, B. 1899. Unter den Papuas. C. W. Kreidel's Verlag. Wiesbaden.
*Lapouge, G. V. de. 1899. L'Aryen. Paris.
*Spencer, B. 1899. The native tribes of Central Australia. Macmillan and Co. London.
*Haeckel, E. 1898. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. 9. Ed. Berlin.
*McGee, W. G. 1898. The Seri Indians. 7. Ann. Rep. Bureau Am. Ethn. (1895-1896), 9-344.
*Shrubsall, F. C. 1898. Crania of african Bush Races, JRAI 27. London.
*Ehrenreich, P. 1897 Anthropologische Studien über die Urbewohner Brasiliens. Braunschweig.
*Gros, Durand de and J. P. et de Lapouge. Matériaux pour l'anthropologie de l'Aveyron. Bull. Soc. langued. géogr. XX, XXI.
*Boas, F. 1895. Zur Anthropologie der nordamerikanischen Indianer. Zeitschrift für Ethnol. 27, Verh. 366-401.
*Withrow, W.H. 1895. The native races of North America. Methodist Mission Rooms. Toronto.
*Collignon, R. 1894. La race basque. Etude anthropologique. L'Anthr. V. 273-287.
*Santelli. 1893. Les Danakils. Bull. Soc. Anthr 4, 479-501. Paris.
*Sarasin, F. 1893. Ergebnisse naturwissenschaftlicher forschungen auf Ceylon. Die Weddas von Ceylon und ihre Beziehungen zu den Nachbarschaften. Atlas. C.W. Kreidel's Verlag. Wiesbaden.
*Brinton, D. G. 1890. Races and Peoples. Lectures on the science of ethnography. Philadelphia.
*Aranzadi, T. de. 1889. El pueblo euskalduna. Estridio de Antropologia. San Sebastian.
*Petersen, E. and F v. Luschan. 1889. Reisen in Lykien. Milyas und Kibyratis. Wien.
*Quatrefages, A. de. 1889. Histoire générale des races humaines: Introduction à l étude des races humaines. A. Hennuyer. Paris.
*Hansen, S. 1888. Lagoa-Santa Racen. La race de Lagoa Santa. Samml. af Abhandl. e Museo Lundii I, 1-37. Copenhagen.
*Ehrenreich, P. Über die Botocudos der brasilianischen Provinzen Espiritu santo und Minas Geraes. Zeitschr. für Ethnol. 19. 1-82.
*Sommier, S. 1887. Sirieni, Ostiachi e Samoiedi dell'Ob, AAE 17, Florence.
*Verneau, R. 1887 Rapport sur une mission scientifique dans l'archipel Canarien. Archives des Missions Scient. et Litt 3 sér. t. 13, 569-812.
*Escard, F. 1886. Le Prince Roland Bonaparte in Laponie: Episodes et Tableaux. Paris, G. Chamerot.
*Flower, H. W. 1885. On the Classification of the varieties of the human species. J. Anthr. Inst. 14. 378-395.
*Sommier, S. 1885. Un' estate in Siberia. Ermanno Loescher. Florence.
*Topinard, P. 1885. Éléments d Anthropologie Générale. Delahaye & Levosnier. Paris.
*Baelz, E. 1883. Die körperlichen Eigenschaften der Japaner. Mitteilungen den DGNVO 3, 28.
*Virchow, R. 1881. Die Weddas von Ceylon und ihre Beziehungen zu den Nachbarstämmen. Abh. Kgl. Akad. Wissen, Berlin. 1-143.
*Mantegazza, P. and St. Sommier 1880. Studi anthropologici sui Lapponi. Firenze.
*Müller, F. 1879. Allgemeine Ethnographie. 2nd Ed. Alfred Hölder. Wien.
*Schweinfurth, G. 1878. Im Herzen von Afrika. Leipzig.
*Weisbach, A. 1878. Körpermessungen verschiedener Menschenrassen. Berlin.
*Pigafetta, A. and Alderley, L. S. 1874. The First Voyage Round the World by Magellan. London.
*Virchow, R. 1874. Die physische Anthropologie der Finnen. Verh. Berliner Ges. Anthr. Ethnol. Urg. VI. 185-189.
*Düben, G. 1873. Om Lappland och Lapparne. Stockholm.
*Haeckel, E. 1873. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. 4. Berlin.
*Müller, F. 1873. Allgemeine Ethnographie. Wien.
*Figuier, L. 1872. Les races humaines. Hachette et Cie. Paris.
*Broca, P. 1868. Nouvelles recherches sur l'anthropologie de la France en général et de la Basse-Bretagne en particulier. Mém Soc. Anthr. Paris III, 147-209.
*Wood, J.G. 1868. The Natural History of Man. Vol. 1-2. George Routledge and Sons. London.
*Nott, J.C. and G.R. Gliddon. 1857. Indigenous races of the Earth. J.B. Lippincott & Co. Philadelphia.
*Zeune, A. 1846. Über Schädelbildung zur festern Begründung der Menschenrassen. Berlin.
*Berghaus, H.K.W. 1845. 1847. Die Völker des Erdballs. Carl Muquardt. Brüssel and Leipzig.
*Fischer, J. B. 1830. Addenda Emendenda et Index ad Synopsis Mammalium. Stuttgart.
*Fischer, J. B. 1829. Synopsis Mammalium. Stuttgart.
*Desmoulins, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des races humaines du Nord-Est de l'Europe, de l'Asie Coréale et orientale et de l'Afrique australe. Paris.
*Bory de Saint-Vincent, M. 1827. L'Homme (Homo). Essai Zoologique sur le Genre Humain. 2nd Ed. Paris.
*Lesson, R.-P. 1827. Manuel de Mammologie, ou Historie Naturellle des Mammifères. Paris.
*Desmoulins, A. 1826. Historie Naturelle des Races Humaines du Nord-Est de l'Europe, de l'Asie Boréale et Orientale, et de l'Afrique Australe. Paris.
*Bory, de S.1825. Homme. Féruss. Bull. Sc. nat. Tom. VI.
*Malte-Brun, K. 1812. Précis de la Géographie Universelle ou Description de Toutes les Parties du Monde, sur un Plan Noveau. 1. Paris.
*Blumenbach, J. F. 1806. Beyträge zur Naturgeschichte. Göttingen.
*Fabricius, J. 1780. Faunua Groenlandica. Lipsiae.
*Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema Regni Animalis per Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Varietates cum Synonymia et Historia Animalium. Leipzig.
*Linné, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae. 10 Ed.1 Holmiae.
*Bernier, F. 1684. Nouvelle divison de la Terre pour les différentes espèces ou races d'hommes qui l'habitent. Journal des sçavans. 133-140.

==See also==
*[[List of human phenotypes]]

==External links==
*[http://humanphenotypes.net/metrics/metric.html HumanPhenotypes.net]
*[https://theapricity.com/forum/ The Apricity]
*[https://anthrogenica.com/activity.php Anthrogenica]
*[https://www.eupedia.com/ Eupedia]
*[https://antropologia-fizyczna.pl/ Antropologia Fizyczna]
*[http://slavanthro.mybb3.ru/ славянская антропология]

[[Category:Anthropology]]

Unelmat paremmasta maailmasta

2022-03-16T19:33:58Z

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'''''Unelmat paremmasta maailmasta''''' (English: '''''Dreams about a Better World''''') is a book by [[Pentti Linkola]]. It was originally published in 1971 and was written in Finnish.<ref>Linkola, Pentti (1971). ''Unelmat paremmasta maailmasta''.</ref>

==Contents==
*Kirjoittajan puolustelut
*Heinäkuun päivä Haapasillassa
*Runo-Suomi vai hyvinvointivaltio?
*Aseistakieltäytyjän näkökulma
*Rauhantyö ja YK:n poliisiarmeija
*Mietteitä sukupolvista
*Kulttuuriradikaalien ylhäinen yksinäisyys
*Maaltamuutto ja maallepako
*Pohjolan valkeat kaupungit
*Sivistyneistöjä rauhanliike
*Ihminen, luonto ja yhteiskuntasuunnittelu
*Huvilaslummit—häpeätahra Suomen luonnossa
*Suomalainen tulevaisuus ja vaalit
*Metsistä ja metsien tuhoista
*Valistuneet valtiaat
*Sivistyksestä
*Vanha ja uusi sivistyneistö
*Ihmisten veljeydestä
*Elämän ja kuoleman rintamalinjat
*Viimeinen sukupolvi
*Luonnonsuojelun älyllinen rehellisyys
*Donnerin kummitusmaailma
*Itsenäisyyspäivän puhe

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*''[[Can Life Prevail?]]''

[[Category:Books]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Pentti Linkola

2022-03-16T19:33:45Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox person | name = Pentti Linkola | image = Pentti-Linkola-1969.jpg | alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech..."

{{Infobox person
| name = Pentti Linkola
| image = Pentti-Linkola-1969.jpg
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = December 7, 1932
| birth_place = Finland
| death_date = April 5, 2020
| death_place = Finland
| nationality = Finnish
| other_names =
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Deep ecologist
| years_active =
| known_for = Deep ecology
| notable_works = ''[[Voisiko elämä voittaa]]'' (2004)
}}

'''Kaarlo Pentti Linkola''' (born December 7, 1932; died April 5, 2020) was a Finnish deep ecologist.

==Books==
*''Suuri Lintukirja'' (1955) [English: ''The Big Bird Book'']
*''Isänmaan ja ihmisen puolesta: Mutta ei ketään vastaan'' (1960) [English: ''For Country and Man: But Not Against Anyone'']
*''Pohjolan linnut värikuvin: Elinympäristö'' (1963–1967) [English: ''Birds of the North in Colour: Habitat'']
*''[[Unelmat paremmasta maailmasta]]'' (1971) [English: ''Dreams about a Better World'']
*''Toisinajattelijan päiväkirjasta'' (1979) [English: ''From the Diary of a Dissident'']
*''Kirjeitä Linkolan ohjelmasta'' (1986) [English: ''Letters from the Linkola programme'']
*''Johdatus 1990-luvun ajatteluun'' (1989) [English: ''Introduction to the Thinking of the 1990s'']
*''[[Voisiko elämä voittaa]]'' (2004) [English: ''Can Life Prevail?'']
**''[[Can Life Prevail? A Revolutionary Approach to the Environmental Crisis]]'' (2011) [English translation]

==Articles==
*''Ekologiseen elämäntapaan'' (1996) [lead article]
*”Rakkaudesta linja-autoon.” ''Suomen Kuvalehti'' 29/2010.
*”Anhavan kiukunpurkaus.” ''Tieteessä tapahtuu'', 4–5/2011, 29. [online article]

==Biographies about Linkola==
In 2017, Riitta Kylänpää, a Finnish journalist who writes for ''Suomen Kuvalehdessä'' (English: ''Finnish National Enquirer''), published a biography about Pentti Linkola in Finnish. The book is titled ''Pentti Linkola – ihminen ja legenda'' (English: ''Pentti Linkola – man and legend'').<ref>Kylänpää, Riitta. 2017. ''Pentti Linkola – ihminen ja legenda''. Helsinki: Siltala. ISBN 978-952-234-350-5.</ref>

The Finnish book ''Sielunmessu: Luonnosta, ihmisestä, elämästä'' (English: ''Mass for the Soul: on nature, on man, on life''), a photographic portrait of Linkola, was written by Finnish journalist and author Markus Leikola in 2019. The book includes photographs by Juha Metso.<ref>Linkola, Pentti; Markus Leikola; Juha Metso (photographer). 2019. ''Sielunmessu: Luonnosta, ihmisestä, elämästä''. Johnny Kniga. ISBN 9789510430019.</ref>

In 2020, [[Chad A. Haag]] published a book reviewing Linkola's philosophy in detail. The book is titled ''The Later Philosophy of Pentti Linkola''.<ref>Haag, Chad A. (2020). ''The Later Philosophy of Pentti Linkola''.</ref>

==Works about Linkola==
List of works about Pentti Linkola:<ref>[https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luettelo_Pentti_Linkolaa_k%C3%A4sittelev%C3%A4st%C3%A4_kirjallisuudesta Luettelo Pentti Linkolaa käsittelevästä kirjallisuudesta]. Suomenkielinen Wikipedia. August 2021.</ref>

*Ahmala, Antti: Runo-Suomi vai ekologinen roistovaltio? Pentti Linkola, antimodernit tunteet ja suomalaisuus. Suomalaiset ahdistukset - Kansallinen omakuva ja kielteiset tunteet. Toimittaneet Elise Nykänen ja Riikka Rossi. Suomalainen klassikkokirjasto, Helsingin yliopiston suomalais-ugrilainen ja pohjoismainen osasto. 2020. ISBN 978-951-51-6816-0 (PDF). Artikkelin verkkoversio (PDF).
*Anhava, Jaakko: Linkolan eksymys. Tieteessä tapahtuu, 2011, 29. vsk, nro 2, s. 48–52. Helsinki: Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunta. Artikkelin verkkoversio (PDF).
*Borg, Pekka: Herättäjät, tulenkantajat ja muutoksentekijät: Luonnonsuojelun voimahahmot Suomessa. Tampere: Pilot-kustannus, 2008. ISBN 978-952-464-765-6.
*Haag, A. Chad: The Later Philosophy of Pentti Linkola. Uchakkada, India, 2020.
*Jussila, Anneli: Pentti Linkola ja minä: elämää toisinajattelijan kanssa. Minerva Kustannus Oy, 2021. ISBN 9789523753419.
*Kaaro, Jani: ”Pentti Linkola, mainion kalasopan keittäjä”, Luonto-Liiton historia 1943–1998: Jatkosodan varjosta Jerisjärven tielle. Helsinki: Luonto-Liitto, 1999. ISBN 951-97204-2-1.
*Koskimies, Pertti: Linkola ja eliitit I: Pentti Linkolan kriitikot käpertyvät ihmiseen. Tieteessä tapahtuu, 2010, 28. vsk, nro 6, s. 16–22. Helsinki: Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunta. Artikkelin verkkoversio (PDF).
*Koskimies, Pertti: Linkola ja eliitit II: Sananselityksiä irti maailmasta. Tieteessä tapahtuu, 2010, 28. vsk, nro 7, s. 16–26. Helsinki: Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunta. Artikkelin verkkoversio (PDF).
*Kämäräinen, Kauko: Linkola, oikeinajattelija. Tampere: Määrämitta, 1992. ISBN 951-96596-0-9.
*Kylänpää, Riitta: Nyt vasta näen. Helsinki: Otava, 2009. ISBN 978-951-1-23284-1.
*Metso, Juha – Leikola, Markus: Sielunmessu. Helsinki: Johnny Kniga, 2019. ISBN 978951043001
*Mustonen, Tero – Nieminen, Mika (toim.): Ahdin nuotta-apajilla: Pirkanmaan kalastajat. Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulun julkaisuja B: Raportteja, 9. Tampere: Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu, 2004. ISBN 952-5264-30-0.
*Niemelä, Jussi K. (toim.): Linkolan perintö. Kovasana Kustannus, 2021. ISBN 9789527410134.
*Nylén, Antti: ”Katkera oppositio”, Vihan ja katkeruuden esseet. Savukeidas, 2007. ISBN 978-952-5500-22-6.
*Paasilinna, Erno: ”Syyskalassa Pentti Linkolan kanssa”, Yksinäisyys ja uhma. Helsinki: Otava, 1984. ISBN 951-1-07942-5.
*Saurola, Pertti: ”Pentti Linkola – maasto-ornitologian tiennäyttäjä”, Linnut 2020, 55 vsk., nro 3, s. 19–29. BirdLife Suomi Ry.
*Saurola, Pertti: ”Kaarlo Pentti Linkola (7.12.1932 - 5.4.2020) in memoriam”, Rengastajan vuosikirja 2020, s. 4–13. Luonnontieteellinen keskusmuseo Luomus, rengastustoimisto.
*Suominen, Teuvo: ”Pentti Linkola, monisärmäinen ajattelija”, Laulujoutsenen perintö: Suomalaisen ympäristöliikkeen taival. Helsinki: WSOY, 2008. ISBN 978-951-0-32428-8.
*Tammilehto, Olli: Linkolan sokeat pisteet. Suomi-lehti 6–7/1985. Artikkelin verkkoversio Olli Tammilehdon sivustolla.
*Tammilehto, Olli: ”Linkolan haaste: Suuri ekologis-yhteiskunnallinen muutos”, Linkolan ajamana. Into-pamfletti 3. Toimittanut Tere Vadén. Helsinki: Like: Into, 2008. ISBN 978-952-01-0210-4. Artikkelin verkkoversio Olli Tammilehdon sivustolla.
*Turtiainen, Pekka: Kalastaja: Ylöskirjauksia vuosilta 1994–2014. kertomus Turtiaisen ja Linkolan ystävyydestä. Helsinki: Sääksmäki Seura ry., 2015. ISBN 978-951-96525-1-1.
*Vilkka, Leena (toim.): Pentti Linkola: Ystävä ja innoittaja. Julkaisija Vihreä elämänsuojelun liitto. Helsinki: Biofilos, 2007. ISBN 978-952-99935-2-9.
*Vuokko, Helena: Kenelle, kuka ja miten? Pentti Linkola ja ihminen toimijana. Helsingin yliopisto, Valtiotieteellinen tiedekunta, Yhteiskuntahistorian laitos, Pro Gradu-tutkielma. 2008.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*[[Theodore John Kaczynski]]

==External links==
*{{URL|http://www.penttilinkola.com/}}
*[https://www.amazon.com/Later-Philosophy-Pentti-Linkola-ebook/dp/B086DGM28M ''The Later Philosophy of Pentti Linkola''] (2020) by [[Chad A. Haag]]

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Finnish philosophers]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Can Life Prevail?

2022-03-16T19:33:30Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox book | italic title =  | name = ''Can Life Prevail? A Revolutionary Approach to the Environmental Crisis'' | image =..."

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'''''Can Life Prevail? A Revolutionary Approach to the Environmental Crisis''''' (Finnish: '''''Voisiko Elämä Voittaa''''') is a book by [[Pentti Linkola]].<ref>Linkola, Pentti (2011). ''Can Life Prevail? A Revolutionary Approach to the Environmental Crisis'', 2nd edition. Arktos. ISBN 978-1-907166-63-1</ref>

==Editions==
The book was originally published in Finnish as ''Voisiko Elämä Voittaa'' by Tammi Publishers in 2004.

The first English edition was published by Integral Tradition Publishing in 2009, and the second English edition was published by Arktos in 2011.

==Contents==
;Chapter 1: ''Finland''
*Humbug
*The Finnish Body
*Sales Season
*What is the Majority and What is the Minority?
*Life Protection, Utopias, and Agriculture
*Against Highway Crime

;Chapter 2: ''Forests''
*The Old Forest of Talaskangas
*The Green Lie
*It is Dark in the Woods
*The Forest Covering in Finland Must Be Restored
*A Logging Story
*Is the WWF Favouring Crime?

;Chapter 3: ''Animals''
*From Gunslingers to Environmental Disaster
*An Animal History of the New Age
*The Ethics of Environmentalism
*The Suppressed Nightmare of Conservation
*The Cat Disaster
*Joyful Chickens and Sad
*The Animal Protector As an Apostle of Doom
*Aspects of Animal Protection
*Animal Rights in the Bible
*A Look at Vegetarianism
*The Value of Humans and That of Animals

;Chapter 4: ''The World and Us''
*A Refresher Course in the State of the World
**Man: an Irresponsible Thief
**Will the Population Explosion be Averted — or Will Awareness of It?
**The Reality of the Population Explosion
**The Value-Basis of Protecting Life
**The Doctors' Burden of Sin
**Tabula Rasa: a Clean Slate
**The Protection of Life and Humanism
**Unless Man Grows Humble...
**A Protector of Life is Forced to Compromise
*The Intolerable Misfortune of Technology
*Women As the Protectors of Life
*Human Nature and History
*The Decline of the World Knows No Mercy
*The World at the Turn of the Millennium
**Democracy: The Seal of Ruin
**What Do We Mean by “End of the World”?
**Is There Anything Good in Us Humans?
*Bull's Eye
*A Perspective on the State of the World (The ABC of the Deep Ecologist — Part One)
**Philosophy for the Everyman
**There is No Place for Nihilism in This World
**The Useless Strategy of Man
**The Objection Raised by the Deep Ecologist
**The World's Greatest Love
*A Perspective on the State of the World (The ABC of the Deep Ecologist — Part Two)
**The Insight of the Deep Ecologist
**War
**Democracy: The Religion of Death
**The Heresy of Non-violence
**Changing Morals

;Chapter 5: ''The Prerequisites for Life''
*The Sum of Life
*On the Reversal of Finnish Society
*Can We Survive? A Model for a Controlled Future
**A Demographic Plan
**Energy
**The Collection of Carbon Dioxide
**Agriculture
**Traffic
**Foreign Relations
**Industry and Wares
**Construction
**Education
**Law and Order
**Subsistence Economy
**Money
**Information Technology
**Power

==The ABC of the Deep Ecologist==
*Philosophy for the Everyman
*There is No Place for Nihilism in This World
*The Useless Strategy of Man
*The Objection Raised by the Deep Ecologist
*The World's Greatest Love
*The Insight of the Deep Ecologist
*War
*Democracy: The Religion of Death
*The Heresy of Non-violence
*Changing Morals

==Measuring satisfaction and happiness==
The only criteria to measure the satisfaction, happiness and future faith of citizens and societies are the following:
*the number of suicides
*the need for psychiatric services and medicine
*the need for drugs and alcohol
*the endurance of relationships or the number of divorces
*the degree of firmness and warmth in gender relations
*the degree of harmony and respect between citizens
*the quality of the environment

==A Model for a Controlled Future==
*'''A Demographic Plan'''
**Procreation should be licensed: on average, every woman should be allowed to bear only '''one child'''.
**The '''opulent excess of fat''', even obesity, would be decreased by regulating, controlling and normalising the nutrition, vitamin and hormonal levels of adolescents.
*'''Energy'''
**'''Fossil fuels''', including peat, will be abolished.
**'''Firewood''' will be used in heating and its use will be tightly regulated.
**The necessary electricity will be produced by '''wind power'''.
**Other '''power plants''' will be demolished.
*'''The Collection of Carbon Dioxide'''
**The '''forest industry''' will largely have to be shut down.
**'''Firewood''' will be harvested from fast-growing deciduous trees in small, carefully outlined areas.
**'''Fire-fighting troops''' will be trained to carry out efficient actions on terrain devoid of forest roads.
**All wastelands, banks and fields that absorb little or no carbon will be '''forested'''.
**'''Hunting''' will also be rendered more effective.
*'''Agriculture'''
**'''Farming''' will be organised in small units, while machines will be abolished.
**'''Greenhouses''' will operate — when at all — exclusively by solar energy during the warm season.
*'''Traffic'''
**The main rule will be for people to live in their '''native areas and home districts'''.
**'''Private car and motorboat traffic''' will cease.
**'''Metal, plastic and rubber junk''' will be in little demand in the future.
*'''Foreign Relations
**After all international trade agreements will have been revoked and all trade coalitions abandoned, '''foreign trade''' will drop to a minimum.
**Products of handicraft, woodwork and foodstuff such as fish and berries will be used as '''exchange currency'''.
**Mass travel will end and will be replaced by '''hiking in one's home area'''.
**'''Foreign visas''' will be issues to hikers moving on foot and by bicycle.
**All '''air traffic''' will cease.
*'''Industry and Wares'''
**'''Industrial manufacturing''' will be subject to licensing.
**Most '''business enterprises''' will come to an end.
**Only '''sturdy, well-built equipment''' will be used, which will last several generations.
*'''Construction'''
**The construction of '''new buildings''' will cease.
**A '''small number of public buildings''' will be left intact to be used as schools and conference halls or to host cultural events.
**Holiday resorts will be demolished and replaced by '''tents''', as holidays will take place in the wilderness.
*'''Education'''
**The '''school system''' will be cherished as the most precious aspect of society.
**'''Civil skills''' include responsibility towards one's neighbour, nature and mankind; social skills, behavioural education and practical abilities.
**The '''school system''' will root out all competition from society.
**'''Universities''' will be maintained whatever their cost.
**While '''art and music''' will be widely practised and taught, heavy or bulky equipment and buildings specifically devoted to the practice of the arts will be abolished.
**The school system, like the whole of society, will be '''extremely prejudiced against technology'''.
*'''Law and Order'''
**The people most responsible for the present economic growth and competition will be transferred to the mountains and highlands to be '''re-educated'''.
**'''Property crimes''' will be punished harshly.
**Society will forbid the '''consumption of drugs''', including tobacco.
*'''Subsistence Economy'''
**Most commodities will be '''rationed'''.
**The hysteria about '''freshness and hygiene''' that has caused such waste and frantic traffic will come to an end.
*'''Money'''
**'''Monetary transactions''' not aimed at immediate material acquisition will come to an end.
**'''Stock markets''' will be shut down; '''investments''' will stop.
**The only function of '''banks''' will be to store currency, allow small-scale withdrawals and lend money.
**'''Payments''' will be made face-to-face, as automated systems of money transferral will only be seen in museums.
*'''Information Technology'''
**All '''information technology''' will be moved into the trash bin of history.
*'''Power
**A government led by '''a few wise individuals''' is necessary to protect the people from itself.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*''[[Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How]]''
*''[[Industrial Society and Its Future]]''

==External links==
*{{URL|http://www.penttilinkola.com/}}
*[https://www.amazon.com/Later-Philosophy-Pentti-Linkola-ebook/dp/B086DGM28M ''The Later Philosophy of Pentti Linkola''] (2020) by [[Chad A. Haag]]

[[Category:Books]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Hermitix

2022-03-16T19:33:04Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox website | name = '''Hermitix''' | logo = | logo_size = | logo_alt = | logo_caption = <!-- or: | logocaption =..."

{{Infobox website
| name = '''Hermitix'''
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'''Hermitix''' is a podcast featuring interviews relating to fringe philosophy, obscure theory, non-mainstream literature, and underappreciated thinkers and movements.

==Goals==
The podcast aims to allow autodidactic thinkers, philosophers, and many other people an insight into the works of thinkers who are often impenetrable to those outside academia.

==External links==
*[https://hermitix.net/ Official website]
*[https://twitter.com/Hermitixpodcast Twitter]
*[https://podiant.co/podcasts/hermitix/ Podiant]
*[https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hermitix/id1437997652 Apple Podcast]
*[https://www.patreon.com/hermitix Patreon]
*[https://open.spotify.com/show/59d7EFaUAerGHcVUJ46qSn Spotify]
*[https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/hermitix-736176 Podchaser]
*[https://www.podbean.com/podcast-detail/rxxx3-771c8/Hermitix-Podcast Podbean]
*[https://www.audible.com/pd/Hermitix-Podcast/B08K57Z83B Audible]
*[https://www.amazon.com/Hermitix/dp/B08K5B66L4 Amazon]
*[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIVH4QDljPUKZHqgER3GGgA YouTube]
*[https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5wb2RpYW50LmNvL2hlcm1pdGl4L3Jzcy54bWw= Google Podcasts]
*[https://soundcloud.com/hermitix Soundcloud]
*[https://podtail.com/en/podcast/hermitix/ Podtail]

[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Podcasts]]

The Gnosis Archive

2022-03-16T19:32:20Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox website | name = '''The Gnosis Archive''' | logo = | logo_size = | logo_alt = | logo_caption = <!-- or: | logo..."

{{Infobox website
| name = '''The Gnosis Archive'''
| logo =
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| screenshot =
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| type =
| registration =
| language = English
| num_users =
| content_license = 
| programming_language =
| owner = The Gnosis Society
| author = 
| editor = Lance Owens
| launch_date = 1995
| revenue =
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| current_status = Active
| footnotes =
}}
'''The Gnosis Archive''' is a digital library and online archive of texts and resources relating to Gnosticism and the Gnostic Tradition.

==History==
The Gnosis Archive has been online since 1995.

It is maintained by the The Gnostic Society of Los Angeles, California.<ref>[http://www.gnosis.org/gnostsoc/gnostsoc.htm The Gnostic Society]</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://gnosis.org/ The Gnosis Archive]

[[Category:Gnosticism]]
[[Category:Online archives]]

Kept on Wikipedia:The Anarchist Library

2022-03-16T19:32:01Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox website | name = '''The Anarchist Library''' | logo = | logo_size = | logo_alt = | logo_caption = <!-- or: | l..."

{{Infobox website
| name = '''The Anarchist Library'''
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'''The Anarchist Library''' is a digital library and online archive of texts of interest to anarchist movements.

It is also available in [https://kr.theanarchistlibrary.org/ Korean].

[https://anarchistnews.org/ Anarchist News] is a similar website.

==External links==
*[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/ The Anarchist Library]
**[https://usa.anarchistlibraries.net/ Mirror]
**[https://kr.theanarchistlibrary.org/ Korean version]
**[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/special/about About the library]
*[https://www.facebook.com/groups/262856644014/ The Anarchist Library] on Facebook
*[https://www.instagram.com/anarchylibrary/ The Anarchist Library] on Instagram

[[Category:Anarchy]]
[[Category:Online archives]]

Peak Oil Philosophy

2022-03-16T19:31:57Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "'''Peak Oil Philosophy''' is a philosophy about petroleum sustainability developed by Chad A. Haag. The first volume describing Peak Oil Philosophy was published by Haag i..."

'''Peak Oil Philosophy''' is a philosophy about petroleum sustainability developed by [[Chad A. Haag]]. The first volume describing Peak Oil Philosophy was published by Haag in 2018.<ref>Haag, Chad A. (2018). ''A Critique of Transcendental Memology: A Peak Oil Philosophy of Truth''.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Petroleum]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Industrial Society and Its Future

2022-03-16T19:31:47Z

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'''''Industrial Society and Its Future''''' is a 1995 article by [[Theodore John Kaczynski]] ([[Ted Kaczynski|"Ted" Kaczynski]]). It was published by ''The Washington Post'' in 1995.<ref>Kaczynski, Theodore John (1995). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/unabomber/manifesto.text.htm "Industrial Society and Its Future"]. ''The Washington Post''.</ref>

The article was succeeded by Kaczynski's 2015 ''magnum opus'' ''[[Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How]]''.

==Outline of contents==
#Introduction
#The Psychology of Modern Leftism
##Feelings of Inferiority
##Oversocialization
#The Power Process
#Surrogate Activities
#Autonomy
#Sources of Social Problems
#Disruption of the Power Process in Modern Society
#How Some People Adjust
#The Motives of Scientists
#The Nature of Freedom
#Some Principles of History
#Industrial-Technological Society Cannot Be Reformed
#Restriction of Freedom is Unavoidable in Industrial Society
#The ‘Bad’ Parts of Technology Cannot Be Separated From the ‘Good’ Parts
#Technology is a More Powerful Social Force than the Aspiration For Freedom
#Simpler Social Problems Have Proved Intractable
#Revolution is Easier Than Reform
#Control of Human Behavior
#Human Race at a Crossroads
#Human Suffering
#The Future
#Strategy
#Two Kinds of Technology
#The Danger of Leftism
#Final Note

==Introduction==
The Industrial Revolution and its consequences have been a disaster for the human race.

The industrial-technological system may survive or it may break down. If the system breaks down the consequences will still be very painful. But the bigger the system grows the more disastrous the results of its breakdown will be, so if it is to break down it had best break down sooner rather than later.

==The Psychology of Modern Leftism==
The two psychological tendencies that underlie modern leftism can be called '''feelings of inferiority''' and '''oversocialization'''.

===Feelings of Inferiority===
'''Feelings of inferiority''' mean not only inferiority feelings in the strict sense but a whole spectrum of related traits:
*low self-esteem
*feelings of powerlessness
*depressive tendencies
*defeatism
*guilt
*self-hatred
*etc.

===Oversocialization===
'''Socialization''' is a term used by psychologists to designate the process by which children are trained to think and act as society demands.

'''Oversocialization''' results when some people are so highly socialized that the attempt to think, feel and act morally imposes a severe burden on them. In order to avoid feelings of guilt, they continually have to deceive themselves about their own motives and find moral explanations for feelings and actions that in reality have a non-moral origin. Oversocialization can lead to:
*low self-esteem
*a sense of powerlessness
*defeatism
*guilt
*etc.

==Concepts==
===The Power Process===
The '''power process''' is a human need (probably based in biology) that is closely related to the need for power (which is widely recognized) but is not quite the same thing. The power process has four elements.
#goal
#effort
#attainment of goal
#autonomy

Nonattainment of important goals results in death if the goals are physical necessities, and in frustration if nonattainment of the goals is compatible with survival. Consistent failure to attain goals throughout life results in defeatism, low self-esteem or depression.

Thus, in order to avoid serious psychological problems, a human being needs goals whose attainment requires effort, and he must have a reasonable rate of success in attaining his goals.

===Surrogate Activities===
A '''surrogate activity''' is a term used to designate an activity that is directed toward an artificial goal that people set up for themselves merely in order to have some goal to work toward, or let us say, merely for the sake of the “fulfillment” that they get from pursuing the goal.

For many if not most people, surrogate activities are less satisfying than the pursuit of real goals (that is, goals that people would want to attain even if their need for the power process were already fulfilled).

===Autonomy===
'''Autonomy''' as a part of the power process may not be necessary for every individual. But most people need a greater or lesser degree of autonomy in working toward their goals.

==Sources of Social Problems==
Among the '''abnormal conditions''' present in modern industrial society are:
*excessive density of population
*isolation of man from nature
*excessive rapidity of social change
*the breakdown of natural small-scale communities (such as the extended family, the village or the tribe)

==Disruption of the Power Process in Modern Society==
'''Human drives''' can be divided into three groups:
#Those drives that can be satisfied with '''minimal effort'''
#Those that can be satisfied but only at the cost of '''serious effort'''
#Those that '''cannot be adequately satisfied''' no matter how much effort one makes

The power process is the process of satisfying the drives of the second group (those that can be satisfied but only at the cost of serious effort).

The more drives there are in the third group (those that cannot be adequately satisfied no matter how much effort one makes), the more there is frustration, anger, eventually defeatism, depression, etc.

===How Some People Adjust===
Not everyone in industrial-technological society suffers from psychological problems. Some people even profess to be quite satisfied with society as it is.
*Individuals with a '''weak drive for power''' may have relatively little need to go through the power process, or at least relatively little need for autonomy in the power process.
*Some people may have some '''exceptional drive''', in pursuing which they satisfy their need for the power process. For example, those who have an unusually strong drive for social status may spend their whole lives climbing the status ladder without ever getting bored with that game.
*People vary in their '''susceptibility to advertising and marketing techniques'''. Some people have low susceptibility to advertising and marketing techniques. Others are much more susceptible.
*Some people partly satisfy their need for power by '''identifying themselves with a powerful organization or mass movement'''.
*Another way in which people satisfy their need for the power process is through '''surrogate activities'''.

For the majority of people, the need for the power process is not fully satisfied.

===The Motives of Scientists===
Science and technology provide the most important examples of surrogate activities.

Some scientists claim that they are motivated by “curiosity” or by a desire to “benefit humanity.”

Also, '''science and technology constitute a power mass movement''', and many scientists gratify their need for power through identification with this mass movement. Thus science marches on blindly, without regard to the real welfare of the human race or to any other standard, obedient only to the psychological needs of the scientists and of the government officials and corporation executives who provide the funds for research.

===The Nature of Freedom===
'''Freedom''' is the opportunity to go through the power process, with real goals not the artificial goals of surrogate activities, and without interference, manipulation or supervision from anyone, especially from any large organization.

Freedom means being in control (either as an individual or as a member of a SMALL group) of the life-and-death issues of one’s existence; food, clothing, shelter and defense against whatever threats there may be in one’s environment.

Freedom means having power; not the power to control other people but the power to control the circumstances of one’s own life.

One does not have freedom if anyone else (especially a large organization) has power over one, no matter how benevolently, tolerantly and permissively that power may be exercised.

==Some Principles of History==
Think of history as being the sum of two components: an '''erratic component''' that consists of unpredictable events that follow no discernible pattern, and a '''regular component''' that consists of long-term historical trends. Here we are concerned with the long-term trends.

#'''FIRST PRINCIPLE'''. If a SMALL change is made that affects a long-term historical trend, then the effect of that change will almost always be transitory—the trend will soon revert to its original state.
#'''SECOND PRINCIPLE'''. If a change is made that is sufficiently large to alter permanently a long-term historical trend, then it will alter the society as a whole.
#'''THIRD PRINCIPLE'''. If a change is made that is large enough to alter permanently a long-term trend, then the consequences for the society as a whole cannot be predicted in advance.
#'''FOURTH PRINCIPLE'''. A new kind of society cannot be designed on paper. That is, you cannot plan out a new form of society in advance, then set it up and expect it to function as it was designed to do.
#'''FIFTH PRINCIPLE'''. People do not consciously and rationally choose the form of their society. Societies develop through processes of social evolution that are not under rational human control.

===Industrial-Technological Society Cannot Be Reformed===
By the first and second principles, any change designed to protect freedom from technology would be contrary to a fundamental trend in the development of our society.

It follows from the fourth principle ("A new kind of society cannot be designed on paper") that even if the new form of society could be once established, it either would collapse or would give results very different from those expected.

===Restriction of Freedom is Unavoidable in Industrial Society===
Modern man is strapped down by a network of rules and regulations, and his fate depends on the actions of persons remote from him whose decisions he cannot influence.

The system HAS TO force people to behave in ways that are increasingly remote from the natural pattern of human behavior.

The system does not and cannot exist to satisfy human needs. Instead, it is human behavior that has to be modified to fit the needs of the system.

===The ‘Bad’ Parts of Technology Cannot Be Separated From the ‘Good’ Parts===
A further reason why industrial society cannot be reformed in favor of freedom is that '''modern technology is a unified system in which all parts are dependent on one another'''. You can’t get rid of the “bad” parts of technology and retain only the “good” parts.

===Technology is a More Powerful Social Force than the Aspiration For Freedom===
It is not possible to make a LASTING compromise between technology and freedom, because technology is by far the more powerful social force and continually encroaches on freedom through REPEATED compromises.

A technological advance that appears not to threaten freedom often turns out to threaten it very seriously later on.

While technological progress AS A WHOLE continually narrows our sphere of freedom, each new technical advance CONSIDERED BY ITSELF appears to be desirable.

Another reason why technology is such a powerful social force is that, within the context of a given society, technological progress marches in only one direction; it can never be reversed.

No social arrangements, whether laws, institutions, customs or ethical codes, can provide permanent protection against technology.

===Simpler Social Problems Have Proved Intractable===
It is clear that the human race has at best a very limited capacity for solving even relatively straightforward social problems.

===Revolution is Easier Than Reform===
'''The system cannot be reformed in such a way as to reconcile freedom with technology.''' The only way out is to dispense with the industrial-technological system altogether. This implies revolution, not necessarily an armed uprising, but certainly a radical and fundamental change in the nature of society.

==Control of Human Behavior==
Since the beginning of civilization, organized societies have had to put '''pressures''' on human beings of the sake of the functioning of the social organism. Some of the pressures are ''physical'' (poor diet, excessive labor, environmental pollution), some are ''psychological'' (noise, crowding, forcing human behavior into the mold that society requires).

Modern methods of controlling human behavior:
*Drugs that affect the mind
*Techniques of surveillance
*Education as a scientific technique for controlling the child’s development

Assuming that industrial society survives, it is likely that technology will eventually acquire something approaching complete control over human behavior.

===Human Race at a Crossroads===
The system is currently engaged in a desperate struggle to overcome certain problems that threaten its survival, among which the problems of human behavior are the most important. If the system succeeds in acquiring sufficient control over human behavior quickly enough, it will probably survive. Otherwise it will break down.

Therefore two tasks confront those who hate the servitude to which the industrial system is reducing the human race.
#First, we must work to heighten the social stresses within the system so as to increase the likelihood that it will break down or be weakened sufficiently so that a revolution against it becomes possible.
#Second, it is necessary to develop and propagate an ideology that opposes technology and the industrial society if and when the system becomes sufficiently weakened.

===Human Suffering===
The industrial system will not break down purely as a result of revolutionary action.

#In the first place, revolutionaries will not be able to break the system down unless it is already in enough trouble so that there would be a good chance of its eventually breaking down by itself anyway.
#In the second place, one has to balance struggle and death against the loss of freedom and dignity.
#In the third place, it is not at all certain that survival of the system will lead to less suffering than breakdown of the system would.

===The Future===
But suppose now that industrial society does survive the next several decades and that the bugs do eventually get worked out of the system, so that it functions smoothly. What kind of system will it be? We will consider several possibilities.

First let us postulate that the computer scientists succeed in developing intelligent machines that can do all things better than human beings can do them. In that case presumably all work will be done by vast, highly organized systems of machines and no human effort will be necessary. Either of two cases might occur. The machines might be permitted to make all of their own decisions without human oversight, or else human control over the machines might be retained.

On the other hand it is possible that human control over the machines may be retained.

But suppose now that the computer scientists do not succeed in developing artificial intelligence, so that human work remains necessary. Even so, machines will take care of more and more of the simpler tasks so that there will be an increasing surplus of human workers at the lower levels of ability.

If man is not adjusted to this new environment by being artificially re-engineered, then he will be adapted to it through a long and painful process of natural selection. The former is far more likely than the latter.

==Strategy==
With regard to revolutionary strategy, the only points on which we absolutely insist are that the single overriding goal must be the '''elimination of modern technology''', and that no other goal can be allowed to compete with this one.

===Two Kinds of Technology===
There are two kinds of technology to distinguish, which can be called '''small-scale technology''' and '''organization-dependent technology'''.
*'''Small-scale technology''' is technology that can be used by small-scale communities without outside assistance.
*'''Organization-dependent technology''' is technology that depends on large-scale social organization.

===The Danger of Leftism===
Because of their need for rebellion and for membership in a movement, leftists or persons of similar psychological type often are unattracted to a rebellious or activist movement whose goals and membership are not initially leftist. The resulting influx of leftish types can easily turn a non-leftist movement into a leftist one, so that leftist goals replace or distort the original goals of the movement.

==Final Note==
This article has imprecise statements and statements that ought to have had all sorts of qualifications and reservations attached to them; and some of our statements may be flatly false. All the same, the general outlines of the picture are roughly correct with a fair amount of confidence.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*''[[Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How]]''
*''[[Can Life Prevail?]]''

==External links==
*[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/unabomber/manifesto.text.htm ''Industrial Society and Its Future''] (full text)

[[Category:Books]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Self-propagating system

2022-03-16T19:31:43Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "A '''self-propagating system''' (or '''self-prop system''' for short) is a system that tends to promote its own survival and propagation. A system may propagate itself in eith..."

A '''self-propagating system''' (or '''self-prop system''' for short) is a system that tends to promote its own survival and propagation. A system may propagate itself in either or both of two ways: The system may indefinitely increase its own size and/or power, or it may give rise to new systems that possess some of its own attributes.<ref name=p42>Kaczynski 2015: 42</ref>

There can also be self-propagating subsystems (self-prop subsystems) that exist within self-propagating systems.

The concept is described in [[Theodore John Kaczynski]]'s ([[Ted Kaczynski|"Ted" Kaczynski]]) 2015 book ''[[Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How]]''.<ref>Kaczynski, Theodore John (2015). [https://we.riseup.net/assets/389236/Kaczynski%2BAnti-Tech%2BRevolution%2BWhy%2Band%2BHow.pdf ''Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How'']. Scottsdale, AZ: Fitch & Madison Publishers. ISBN 978-1-944228-00-2.</ref>

==Propositions==
Self-propagating systems can be described by the following propositions in Chapter 2 of ''[[Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How]]'', titled "Why the Technological System Will Destroy Itself".
*'''Proposition 1'''. In any environment that is sufficiently rich, self-propagating systems will arise, and natural selection will lead to the evolution of self-propagating systems having increasingly complex, subtle, and sophisticated means of surviving and propagating themselves.
*'''Proposition 2'''. In the short term, natural selection favors self-propagating systems that pursue their own short-term advantage with little or no regard for long-term consequences.

A corollary to Proposition 2 is:
*'''Proposition 3'''. Self-propagating subsystems of a given supersystem tend to become dependent on the supersystem and on the specific conditions that prevail within the supersystem.

*'''Proposition 4'''. Problems of transportation and communication impose a limit on the size of the geographical region over which a self-prop system can extend its operations.

Human experience suggests:
*'''Proposition 5'''. The most important and the only consistent limit on the size of the geographical regions over which self-propagating human groups extend their operations is the limit imposed by the available means of transportation and communication. In other words, while not all self-propagating human groups tend to extend their operations over a region of maximum size, natural selection tends to produce some self-propagating human groups that operate over regions approaching the maximum size allowed by the available means of transportation and communication.
*'''Proposition 6'''. In modern times, natural selection tends to produce some self-propagating human groups whose operations span the entire globe. Moreover, even if human beings are some day replaced by machines or other entities, natural selection will still tend to produce some self-propagating systems whose operations span the entire globe.
*'''Proposition 7'''. Where (as today) problems of transportation and communication do not constitute effective limitations on the size of the geographical regions over which self-propagating systems operate, natural selection tends to create a world in which power is mostly concentrated in the possession of a relatively small number of global self-propagating systems.

==Propagation==
A system may propagate itself in either or both of two ways:<ref name=p42/>
#The system may indefinitely increase its own size and/or power.
#The system may give rise to new systems that possess some of its own attributes.

==Natural selection==
'''Principle of natural selection''': Those self-propagating systems having the traits that best suit them to survive and propagate themselves tend to survive and propagate themselves better than other self-propagating systems.<ref>Kaczynski 2015: 43</ref>

The principle of natural selection is operative not only in biology, but in any environment in which self-propagating systems are present.

==Subsystems and supersystems==
There can be '''self-propagating subsystems''' (or '''self-prop subsystems''') that exist within self-propagating systems.

There can also be '''self-propagating supersystems''' (or '''self-prop supersystems''') that include self-propagating subsystems.

'''Definition''': If A and B are systems of any kind (self-propagating or not), and if A is a functioning component of B, then we will call A a subsystem of B, and we will call B a supersystem of A.

==Examples==
Examples of self-propagating systems:

*Biological organisms<ref name=p42/>
**Groups of biological organisms
*Global self-propagating systems<ref>Kaczynski 2015: 47</ref>
**Global "superpowers"
**Global corporations
**Global political movements
**Global religions
**Global criminal networks

Global self-propagating systems exist within the '''world-system''', meaning all things that exist on Earth, together with the functional relations among them. The world-system itself is not regarded as a self-propagating system.<ref>Kaczynski 2015: 47</ref> A '''technological world-system''', which corresponds to Kevin Kelly's '''technium''', has now arisen. As the [technological] world-system becomes ever more complex and more tightly coupled, a catastrophic breakdown has to be expected sooner or later.<ref>Kaczynski 2015: 49</ref>

Within any complex, large-scale society, a similar process will produce self-propagating systems that will invade every corner and circumvent all attempts to suppress them. These systems will compete for power without regard to the objectives of any government (or other entity) that may try to steer the society. These self-propagating systems may constitute uncontrollable forces that will render futile in the long run all efforts to steer the society rationally.<ref>Kaczynski 2015: 28-29</ref>

If the development of the technological world-system is allowed to proceed to its logical conclusion, then in all probability the Earth will be left a dead planet-a planet on which nothing will remain alive except, maybe, some of the simplest organisms-certain bacteria, algae, etc.-that are capable of surviving under extreme conditions.<ref>Kaczynski 2015: 55</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Complex systems theory]]
[[Category:Systems theory]]
[[Category:Systems science]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How

2022-03-16T19:31:39Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox book | italic title = yes | name = Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How | image = | image_size = | border = | alt..."

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[[Image:Anti-Tech Revolution 612x950.jpg|thumb|right]]

'''''Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How''''' is a 2015 book by [[Theodore John Kaczynski]] ([[Ted Kaczynski|"Ted" Kaczynski]]). It is published by Fitch & Madison. A second edition was published in 2020 by Fitch & Madison.<ref>[https://fitchmadison.com/product/anti-tech-revolution-2020/ ''Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How'', second edition (2020)] from Fitch & Madison Publishers.</ref>

==Chapters==
#The Development of a Society Can Never Be Subject to Rational Human Control
#Why the Technological System Will Destroy Itself
#How to Transform a Society: Errors to Avoid
#Strategic Guidelines for an Anti-Tech Movement

==The Development of a Society Can Never Be Subject to Rational Human Control==
Society is a complex system that can never be subject to rational human control.

Even granting that the behavior of a society is unpredictable in the long term, it may nevertheless be possible to steer a society rationally by means of continual short-term interventions.

However, every complex, large-scale society is subject to internal developments generated by "natural selection" operating on systems that exist within the society.

==Why the Technological System Will Destroy Itself==
===Definitions===
*A '''[[self-propagating system]]''' (or '''self-prop system''' for short) is a system that tends to promote its own survival and propagation. A system may propagate itself in either or both of two ways: The system may indefinitely increase its own size and/or power, or it may give rise to new systems that possess some of its own attributes.
*The '''world-system''' is used to mean all things that exist on Earth, together with the functional relations among them.

===Propositions===
*'''Proposition 1'''. In any environment that is sufficiently rich, [[self-propagating system]]s will arise, and natural selection will lead to the evolution of [[self-propagating system]]s having increasingly complex, subtle, and sophisticated means of surviving and propagating themselves.
*'''Proposition 2'''. In the short term, natural selection favors [[self-propagating system]]s that pursue their own short-term advantage with little or no regard for long-term consequences.

A corollary to Proposition 2 is:
*'''Proposition 3'''. Self-propagating subsystems of a given supersystem tend to become dependent on the supersystem and on the specific conditions that prevail within the supersystem.

*'''Proposition 4'''. Problems of transportation and communication impose a limit on the size of the geographical region over which a [[self-prop system]] can extend its operations.

Human experience suggests:
*'''Proposition 5'''. The most important and the only consistent limit on the size of the geographical regions over which self-propagating human groups extend their operations is the limit imposed by the available means of transportation and communication. In other words, while not all self-propagating human groups tend to extend their operations over a region of maximum size, natural selection tends to produce some self-propagating human groups that operate over regions approaching the maximum size allowed by the available means of transportation and communication.
*'''Proposition 6'''. In modern times, natural selection tends to produce some self-propagating human groups whose operations span the entire globe. Moreover, even if human beings are some day replaced by machines or other entities, natural selection will still tend to produce some [[self-propagating system]]s whose operations span the entire globe.
*'''Proposition 7'''. Where (as today) problems of transportation and communication do not constitute effective limitations on the size of the geographical regions over which [[self-propagating system]]s operate, natural selection tends to create a world in which power is mostly concentrated in the possession of a relatively small number of global [[self-propagating system]]s.

===Why "world peace" will be unstable===
Three reasons why "world peace" will be unstable:
#First, the world-system will still be highly complex and tightly coupled.
#Second, prior to the arrival of "world peace" and for the sake of their own survival and propagation, the self-prop subsystems of a given global [[self-prop system]] (their supersystem) will have put aside, or at least moderated, their mutual conflicts in order to present a united front against any immediate external threats or challenges to the supersystem (which are also threats or challenges to themselves).
#Third, let's nevertheless assume that the most powerful self-prop subsystems of the global [[self-prop system]]s will not begin to compete destructively when the external challenges to their supersystems have been removed.

===Sixth mass extinction===
The world is also currently undergoing a "sixth mass extinction."

===Technological utopia===
"Techies" also dream of immortality, using the following technological utopia goals in mind.
#The indefinite preservation of the living human body as it exists today
#The merging of humans with machines and the indefinite survival of the resulting man-machine hybrids
#The "uploading" of minds from human brains into robots or computers, after which the uploaded minds are to live forever within the machines

The first goal is highly improbable, and the final two will cause humans to "be transformed into something totally alien to human beings as we know them today."

==How to Transform a Society: Errors to Avoid==
===Postulates===
*'''Postulate 1'''. You can't change a society by pursuing goals that are vague or abstract. You have to have a clear and concrete goal. As an experienced activist put it: "Vague, over-generalized objectives are seldom met. The trick is to conceive of some specific development which will inevitably propel your community in the direction you want it to go."
*'''Postulate 2'''. Preaching alone-the mere advocacy of ideas-cannot bring about important, long-lasting changes in the behavior of human beings, unless in a very small minority.
*'''Postulate 3'''. Any radical movement tends to attract many people who may be sincere, but whose goals are only loosely related to the goals of the movement. The result is that the movement's original goals may become blurred, if not completely perverted.
*'''Postulate 4'''. Every radical movement that acquires great power becomes corrupt, at the latest, when its original leaders (meaning those who joined the movement while it was still relatively weak) are all dead or politically inactive. In saying that a movement becomes corrupt, we mean that its members, and especially its leaders, primarily seek personal advantages (such as money, security, social status, powerful offices, or a career) rather than dedicating themselves sincerely to the ideals of the movement.

===Rules===
From these postulates we can infer certain rules to which every radical
movement should pay close attention.

*'''Rule 1'''. In order to change a society in a specified way, a movement should select a single, clear, simple, and concrete objective the achievement of which will produce the desired change.
*'''Rule 2'''. If a movement aims to transform a society, then the objective selected by the movement must be of such a nature that, once the objective has been achieved, its consequences will be irreversible. This means that, once society has been transformed through the achievement of the objective, society will remain in its transformed condition without any further effort on the part of the movement or anyone else.
*'''Rule 3'''. Once an objective has been selected, it is necessary to persuade some small minority to commit itself to the achievement of the objective by means more potent than mere preaching or advocacy of ideas. In other words, the minority will have to organize itself for practical action.
*'''Rule 4'''. In order to keep itself faithful to its objective, a radical movement should devise means of excluding from its ranks all unsuitable persons who may seek to join it.
*'''Rule 5'''. Once a revolutionary movement has become powerful enough to achieve its objective, it must achieve its objective as soon as possible, and in any case before the original revolutionaries (meaning those who joined the movement while it was still relatively weak) die or become politically inactive.

==Strategic Guidelines for an Anti-Tech Movement==
===Guidelines===
#First, the movement must build its own internal sources of power.
#Second, the movement must build power in relation to its social environment.
#Third, to help pave the way for this loss of respect and confidence, the movement should do what it can to undermine people's faith in the technological system.

===Expected pattern===
To summarize, the expected pattern for a revolution against the technological system will be something like the following:
#A '''small movement''', a cohesive cadre of committed, hard-core revolutionaries, will build its internal strength by developing its own organization and discipline.
#A '''large minority''' of the general population will recognize that the revolutionaries' ideas have some merit. But this minority will reject the revolutionaries' solutions, if only through reluctance to change familiar ways of living or as a result of cowardice or apathy.
#Eventually there will arrive a '''crisis''', or a failure of the system serious enough to enable the revolutionaries to create a crisis.
#Even so, the revolutionary movement will probably be able to gain the active support only of some fairly '''small minority''' of the population.
#The established authorities meanwhile will be disoriented, frightened, or discouraged, and therefore incapable of organizing an effective defense. Consequently, '''power will be in the hands of the revolutionaries'''.
#By the time revolutionaries have taken power in one nation-for example, the United States-globalization will have proceeded even farther than it has today, and nations will be even more interdependent than they are now. Consequently, when revolutionaries have brought the technological system to an abrupt halt in the United States, the economy of the entire world will be severely disrupted and the acute crisis that results will give the anti-tech revolutionaries of all nations the '''opportunity''' that they need.
#The revolutionaries must '''recognize''' the moment when decisive action arrives, and then must '''press forward''' without any hesitation, vacillation, doubts, or scruples to the achievement of their ultimate goal. Hesitation or vacillation would throw the movement into disarray and would confuse and discourage its members.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*[[Self-propagating system]]
*''[[Can Life Prevail?]]''

==External links==
*[https://we.riseup.net/assets/389236/Kaczynski%2BAnti-Tech%2BRevolution%2BWhy%2Band%2BHow.pdf ''Anti-Tech Revolution: Why and How''] (full text)
*[https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/50532267 Goodreads]
*[https://books.google.com/books/about/Anti_tech_Revolution.html?id=5cvqjwEACAAJ Google Books]

[[Category:Books]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Chad A. Haag

2022-03-16T19:29:47Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox person | name = Chad A. Haag | image = Chad Haag.png | alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -..."

{{Infobox person
| name = Chad A. Haag
| image = Chad Haag.png
| alt = 
| caption = Chad A. Haag near Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India in February 2019
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = United States
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| nationality = American
| other_names =
| education = University of Northern Colorado
| alma_mater = University of Colorado Boulder
| occupation = Philosopher
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}

'''Chad A. Haag''' is an American philosopher. His works include books about [[Peak Oil Philosophy]]<ref>Haag, Chad A. (2018). ''A Critique of Transcendental Memology: A Peak Oil Philosophy of Truth''.</ref> and reviews of the philosophies of [[Pentti Linkola]] and [[Ted Kaczynski]].

He currently lives in Uchakkada, Kerala, India.

==Education==
Haag majored in philosophy at the University of Northern Colorado. He graduated with a Master's degree in comparative literature from the University of Colorado Boulder.<ref>https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/26/he-moved-to-a-jungle-in-india-to-escape-his-student-debt--and-hes-not-alone-.html</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/studentloandefaulters/comments/9ruhkq/chad_haag_a_philosophy_major_moved_to_a_jungle_in/</ref><ref>https://www.condemnedtodebt.org/search/label/Chad%20Haag</ref><ref>https://www.odditycentral.com/tag/chad-haag</ref><ref>https://www.barstoolsports.com/blog/1132281/brilliant-american-man-escapes-student-loan-debt-with-the-help-of-indian-elephants-and-chickens</ref><ref>https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/videos/how-much-the-most-populous-states-pay-mail-carriers/vi-BB1689YA</ref><ref>https://www.abi.org/feed-item/zerohedge-debt-laden-americans-flee-country-to-escape-crushing-student-loans</ref><ref>https://unravelmalta.com/american-student-lives-in-the-forests-of-india-to-escape-the-student-debt/</ref><ref>https://finance.yahoo.com/news/americans-fled-country-escape-giant-180824960.html</ref><ref>https://www.iwf.org/2019/06/03/new-way-to-escape-paying-college-loan-debt-flee-the-u-s/</ref><ref>https://www.newsweek.com/30k-student-loans-no-job-pennsylvania-man-joins-other-graduates-leaving-us-avoid-debt-1443497</ref><ref>https://wonderfulengineering.com/this-man-moved-to-an-indian-jungle-to-get-rid-of-his-student-debt/</ref>

==Books==
Chad Haag has published several books.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/Chad-A.-Haag/e/B07KVZT4LL</ref><ref>https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/18649812.Chad_A_Haag</ref>
*''Social Justice Madness'' (2021)
*''The Later Philosophy of [[Pentti Linkola]]'' (2020)
*''Hermeneutical Death: The Technological Destruction of Subjectivity'' (2020)
*''The Hermeneutics of Ecological Limitation: Ecophilosophy Beyond Environmentalism'' (2019)
*''The Philosophy of [[Ted Kaczynski]]: Why the Unabomber was Right about Modern Technology'' (2019)
*''A Critique of Transcendental Memology: A [[Peak Oil Philosophy]] of Truth'' (2018)

==Personal life==
Chad A. Haag is married to Minu Haag. The couple currently lives in Uchakkada, Kerala, India.<ref>https://therooster.com/blog/cu-grad-explains-why-he-fled-the-country-for-a-remote-indian-jungle-to-avoid-his-student-loans</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJIIMmCfJxBv5-jGTK3iIMw Chad A. Haag Peak Oil Philosophy] on YouTube
*[https://www.patreon.com/chadahaag Chad A. Haag Peak Oil Philosophy] on Patreon
*[https://www.amazon.com/Chad-A.-Haag/e/B07KVZT4LL Chad A. Haag] on Amazon.com
*[https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/18649812.Chad_A_Haag Chad A. Haag] on Goodreads.com
*[https://twitter.com/haag_chad Chad A. Haag] on Twitter
*[https://empyreantrail.wordpress.com/2019/04/20/being-and-oil-chad-haags-transcendental-logic-of-oil-in-outline/ Being and Oil: Chad Haag’s Transcendental Logic of Oil in Outline], published in ''The Empyrean Trail''

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American philosophers]]
[[Category:Deep ecology]]

Arman Afifeh

2021-11-08T19:54:34Z

WritingSnowman:

{{Infobox person
|name=Afifeh
|given name=Arman
|newimage=IMG_2559.JPG
|image=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arman_Afifeh.jpg
|birth_date=2001/08/16
|instagram=armanafifeh/
}}
'''Arman Afifeh''' ( Born august 16 2001 Mazandaran ) is an Iranian Entrepreneur , Youtuber , music publisher and actor.

== Personal Life ==
Arman Afifeh ( Born august 16 2001 Mazandaran ) is an Iranian Entrepreneur , Youtuber , music publisher and actor.

He started working in 2019 and initially worked on Instagram. From the beginning, he has been in contact with domestic and foreign singers, including Shahyad,Amir Hossein Eftekhari In continuation of its activity, it has started broadcasting music media on international sites such as Spotify. Of course, he also worked in the field of acting.

Today he works on his YouTube channel and wants to be one of the best YouTube's in our community .

== References ==
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm12358632/

[https://www.instagram.com/armanafifeh/? https://www.instagram.com/armanafifeh/]

The Soulful Art Forms

2020-10-13T21:00:38Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "'''The Soulful Art Forms''' is an artistic programming platform coined and developed in 1997 by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Performing_Arts_Foundation Unity Performin..."

'''The Soulful Art Forms''' is an artistic programming platform coined and developed in 1997 by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Performing_Arts_Foundation Unity Performing Arts Foundation] (UNITY), an American performing arts organization founded in Fort Wayne, Indiana by [[Marshall White]].

==Background==
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Performing_Arts_Foundation Unity Performing Arts Unity]'s strategy was to create an artistic platform that would increase minority participation in the arts and attract young people from multiple backgrounds by exposing them to the arts relevant to their generation.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Performing_Arts_Foundation Unity Performing Arts Unity]'s multi-faceted artistic vision brings choral music, dance, drama, creative writing, public speaking and instrumental music under a single mission. Its artistic focus is to shape and develop natural talent and create an educational platform for students to learn and perform mainstream soulful art forms.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Performing_Arts_Foundation Unity Performing Arts Unity]'s artistic focus is to shape and develop natural talent and create an educational platform for students to learn and perform mainstream soulful art forms. This artistic concept is also coupled with substance-based elements that help give young people a deeper sense of life and their own personal growth. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Performing_Arts_Foundation Unity Performing Arts Unity] believe that young people born and raised in the 21st century will need a much deeper experience in the arts that goes far beyond entertainment and activity and helps give them a strong, wholesome sense of self and expression.

==Understanding The Soulful Arts Forms==
The term "'''soulful'''" simply means, full of or expressing deep feeling or emotion.

'''Soulful arts forms''' are artistic forms that are performed with a free will to express feeling and emotion when necessary. The presentation connects with the listener and their heart is touch by the connection or the message being presented.

Art forms such as singing, dance, drama, creative writing, public speaking and music can all be performed in a soulful fashion. Hence, that is why they can be called '''"Soulful Art" forms'''.

==Understanding the term "Soulful"==
'''''Soulful''''' has nothing to do with the intellect, but rather the heart, soul and emotions.

Being ''soulful'' engages the heart, soul, emotions and the body. Your expressions are experienced by those around you.

''Soulful'' has nothing to do with what color you are or what background you come from. It's not black nor white, it's what's in the heart and felt in the emotions.

Every human being has an emotional side that is triggered by some external source whether it be a person, a life problem, a song, a poem, or music, etc.

The word ''soulful'' can be describe in three words that constitute the '''three "Es"''':
*''experience''
*''emotional''
*''expressive''

The text of the music is derived from a life experience. When that message is communicated through singing, acting, dancing, speaking and music, it can create an emotional atmosphere that inspires some type of expressive gestures from the listener during the presentation.

The message represented in the song is not demeaning, violent or distasteful. The message represents an experience that touches the soul and stirs the heart. This is what we call a ''soulful experience''.

This can be a moving experience that can be used as an educational tool to enlighten, inspire or just simply expose others to experiences not truly known to their culture.

==Origin of the term==
The term '''soulful''' was something experienced in the early ancient civilizations of Africa. In the early Egyptian culture, Africans introduced the '''soulful experience''' in their dance, movement, singing, and visual and sculpture arts activities. They celebrated, inspired, strengthened, and entertained one another, and used the arts to communicate their everyday lifestyle and preserve their history.

The term was first experienced in America through the artistic expressions of the early African-American slaves who were brought over from Africa in the early 1600s. America begins experiencing soulful singing from the introduction of the first singing group called The Fisk University Jubilee Singers, formed in 1871 by George L. White. The sound of the all-black singing group was a new and exciting experience to the all-white audiences of the south. Their performance presented an experience that moved the audiences to tears and ushered them into a soulful experienced that produced emotional expressions.

In the early 1900s, African Americans continued their soulful mission in American and wrote songs and music under great oppression as a way to escape the overwhelming stress of slavery. They sang, danced and celebrated with hand-clapping, shouts of praise, and deep soulful emotions. They were not afraid to express their feelings and emotions in their artistic creativity.

This form of expression was later valued by northern white audiences in the late 19th century after listening to their slaves in the church services and celebrations.

The soulful presentation provided cultural sustenance to African Americans in intense racial oppression. They used their soulful singing, dancing, writing, speaking, drawing, painting, acting, and craft and sculpture-making to express their deep pains of slavery But brilliantly demonstrated their internal greatness.

==What is soulful music?==
'''Soulful music''' consists of the sounds of many rich and soul stirring styles of music. It was composed and performed primarily by African Americans first, and later adopted by other ethnic groups.

Soulful music comes from the heart and soul and is performed with deep emotions and expressive gestures. The music and lyrics are mainly composed from a life experience.

===Styles===
Styles of soulful music:

*Work & Folk Songs
*Spirituals
*Blues
*Gospel
*Jazz
*Rhythm & Blues
*Some forms of Rap
*Hip Hop
*Neo-Soul
*The early years of Rock & Roll
*Country music

==Common roots of the soulful genres==
The '''soulful genres''' were all born and developed in America and later embraced by artists in other countries.

The roots are in both the slavery era and the West African societies from which most African-American slaves were originally taken.

They possess soul stirring and heart touching messages that touch the center of our emotions, and cause us to respond by moving, clapping, dancing, moving our heads, rocking, and praising.

==Authentically performing the soulful vocal style==
Each style requires a particular type of vocal approach for the singer to capture the real nuances of the genre.

The vocalist must master the ability to sing with the head and chest voice, therefore allowing the vocalist to project their voice when necessary, demonstrating a deep soulful emotion that is accompanied with moving facial and bodily expressions.

Traditional vocal teachers, in most cases, teach vocal performance from the classical European approach that embraces more of the head voice technique. While some of the vocal techniques used in traditional training are useful and common in the soulful singing style, there are still many techniques and nuances used when singing soulful music that is not used while singing classical music.

==See also==
*[[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]]
*[[Marshall White]]

==References==
<references/>{{nobots}}
*[https://www.upaf.com/unitys-accomplishment-highlights/ UNITY Performing Arts: Creating opportunities for excellence through the vehicle of performing arts].
*[https://greatnonprofits.org/org/unity-performing-arts-foundation-inc UNITY Performing Arts, Inc]. Great Nonprofits.
*[https://www.fwinkspot.com/fwis-news/2018/7/27/a-soulful-summer-spectacular-tribute-to-the-music-of-disney A Soulful Summer Spectacular Tribute to the Music of Disney]. ''FWIS News''.
*[https://www.fwbusiness.com/personal_business/career_path/businessweekly/article_08583830-5565-5477-aa3b-4ae1272deb0f.html Career Path: Making a difference to the tune of Unity]. ''Greater Fort Wayne Business Weekly''.
*[https://whatzup.com/movers-shakers/destination-marshall-white Marshall White: Mover and Shaker]. whatzup.com.
*[https://www.greaterfortwayneinc.com/expanding-horizons/ Expanding Horizons]. Great Fort Wayne, Inc.
*[https://www.wboi.org/post/voices-unity-share-their-song-success#stream/0 Voices of Unity Share Their Song Of Success]. WBOI.
*[https://issuu.com/unityperformingartsfoundation/docs/2_20_17_unity-capital_campaign_book UNITY Capital Campaign Booklet]. Feb 19, 2017.

User:WritingSnowman

2020-10-13T21:00:14Z

WritingSnowman: create user page

Draft:The Soulful Art Forms

2020-08-24T20:43:04Z

WritingSnowman:

Draft:The Soulful Art Forms

2020-08-24T20:35:21Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "'''The Soulful Art Forms''' is an artistic programming platform coined and developed in 1997 by Unity Performing Arts Foundation (UNITY), an American performing arts organ..."

'''The Soulful Art Forms''' is an artistic programming platform coined and developed in 1997 by [[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]] (UNITY), an American performing arts organization founded in Fort Wayne, Indiana by [[Marshall White]].

==Background==
[[Unity Performing Arts Foundation|UNITY]]'s strategy was to create an artistic platform that would increase minority participation in the arts and attract young people from multiple backgrounds by exposing them to the arts relevant to their generation.

[[Unity Performing Arts Foundation|UNITY]]'s multi-faceted artistic vision brings choral music, dance, drama, creative writing, public speaking and instrumental music under a single mission. Its artistic focus is to shape and develop natural talent and create an educational platform for students to learn and perform mainstream soulful art forms.

[[Unity Performing Arts Foundation|UNITY]]'s artistic focus is to shape and develop natural talent and create an educational platform for students to learn and perform mainstream soulful art forms. This artistic concept is also coupled with substance-based elements that help give young people a deeper sense of life and their own personal growth. [[Unity Performing Arts Foundation|UNITY]] believe that young people born and raised in the 21st century will need a much deeper experience in the arts that goes far beyond entertainment and activity and helps give them a strong, wholesome sense of self and expression.

==Understanding The Soulful Arts Forms==
The term "'''soulful'''" simply means, full of or expressing deep feeling or emotion.

'''Soulful arts forms''' are artistic forms that are performed with a free will to express feeling and emotion when necessary. The presentation connects with the listener and their heart is touch by the connection or the message being presented.

Art forms such as singing, dance, drama, creative writing, public speaking and music can all be performed in a soulful fashion. Hence, that is why they can be called '''"Soulful Art" forms'''.

==Understanding the term "Soulful"==
'''''Soulful''''' has nothing to do with the intellect, but rather the heart, soul and emotions.

Being ''soulful'' engages the heart, soul, emotions and the body. Your expressions are experienced by those around you.

''Soulful'' has nothing to do with what color you are or what background you come from. It's not black nor white, it's what's in the heart and felt in the emotions.

Every human being has an emotional side that is triggered by some external source whether it be a person, a life problem, a song, a poem, or music, etc.

The word ''soulful'' can be describe in three words that constitute the '''three "Es"''':
*''experience''
*''emotional''
*''expressive''

The text of the music is derived from a life experience. When that message is communicated through singing, acting, dancing, speaking and music, it can create an emotional atmosphere that inspires some type of expressive gestures from the listener during the presentation.

The message represented in the song is not demeaning, violent or distasteful. The message represents an experience that touches the soul and stirs the heart. This is what we call a ''soulful experience''.

This can be a moving experience that can be used as an educational tool to enlighten, inspire or just simply expose others to experiences not truly known to their culture.

==Origin of the term==
The term '''soulful''' was something experienced in the early ancient civilizations of Africa. In the early Egyptian culture, Africans introduced the '''soulful experience''' in their dance, movement, singing, and visual and sculpture arts activities. They celebrated, inspired, strengthened, and entertained one another, and used the arts to communicate their everyday lifestyle and preserve their history.

The term was first experienced in America through the artistic expressions of the early African-American slaves who were brought over from Africa in the early 1600s. America begins experiencing soulful singing from the introduction of the first singing group called The Fisk University Jubilee Singers, formed in 1871 by George L. White. The sound of the all-black singing group was a new and exciting experience to the all-white audiences of the south. Their performance presented an experience that moved the audiences to tears and ushered them into a soulful experienced that produced emotional expressions.

In the early 1900s, African Americans continued their soulful mission in American and wrote songs and music under great oppression as a way to escape the overwhelming stress of slavery. They sang, danced and celebrated with hand-clapping, shouts of praise, and deep soulful emotions. They were not afraid to express their feelings and emotions in their artistic creativity.

This form of expression was later valued by northern white audiences in the late 19th century after listening to their slaves in the church services and celebrations.

The soulful presentation provided cultural sustenance to African Americans in intense racial oppression. They used their soulful singing, dancing, writing, speaking, drawing, painting, acting, and craft and sculpture-making to express their deep pains of slavery But brilliantly demonstrated their internal greatness.

==What is soulful music?==
'''Soulful music''' consists of the sounds of many rich and soul stirring styles of music. It was composed and performed primarily by African Americans first, and later adopted by other ethnic groups.

Soulful music comes from the heart and soul and is performed with deep emotions and expressive gestures. The music and lyrics are mainly composed from a life experience.

===Styles===
Styles of soulful music:

*Work & Folk Songs
*Spirituals
*Blues
*Gospel
*Jazz
*Rhythm & Blues
*Some forms of Rap
*Hip Hop
*Neo-Soul
*The early years of Rock & Roll
*Country music

==Common roots of the soulful genres==
The '''soulful genres''' were all born and developed in America and later embraced by artists in other countries.

The roots are in both the slavery era and the West African societies from which most African-American slaves were originally taken.

They possess soul stirring and heart touching messages that touch the center of our emotions, and cause us to respond by moving, clapping, dancing, moving our heads, rocking, and praising.

==Authentically performing the soulful vocal style==
Each style requires a particular type of vocal approach for the singer to capture the real nuances of the genre.

The vocalist must master the ability to sing with the head and chest voice, therefore allowing the vocalist to project their voice when necessary, demonstrating a deep soulful emotion that is accompanied with moving facial and bodily expressions.

Traditional vocal teachers, in most cases, teach vocal performance from the classical European approach that embraces more of the head voice technique. While some of the vocal techniques used in traditional training are useful and common in the soulful singing style, there are still many techniques and nuances used when singing soulful music that is not used while singing classical music.

==See also==
*[[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]]
*[[Marshall White]]

==References==
<references/>
*[https://www.upaf.com/unitys-accomplishment-highlights/ UNITY Performing Arts: Creating opportunities for excellence through the vehicle of performing arts].
*[https://greatnonprofits.org/org/unity-performing-arts-foundation-inc UNITY Performing Arts, Inc]. Great Nonprofits.
*[https://www.fwinkspot.com/fwis-news/2018/7/27/a-soulful-summer-spectacular-tribute-to-the-music-of-disney A Soulful Summer Spectacular Tribute to the Music of Disney]. ''FWIS News''.
*[https://www.fwbusiness.com/personal_business/career_path/businessweekly/article_08583830-5565-5477-aa3b-4ae1272deb0f.html Career Path: Making a difference to the tune of Unity]. ''Greater Fort Wayne Business Weekly''.
*[https://whatzup.com/movers-shakers/destination-marshall-white Marshall White: Mover and Shaker]. whatzup.com.
*[https://www.greaterfortwayneinc.com/expanding-horizons/ Expanding Horizons]. Great Fort Wayne, Inc.
*[https://www.wboi.org/post/voices-unity-share-their-song-success#stream/0 Voices of Unity Share Their Song Of Success]. WBOI.
*[https://issuu.com/unityperformingartsfoundation/docs/2_20_17_unity-capital_campaign_book UNITY Capital Campaign Booklet]. Feb 19, 2017.

Unity Performing Arts Foundation

2020-08-24T20:33:52Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox organization | name = Unity Performing Arts Foundation | full_name = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | logo..."

{{Infobox organization
| name = Unity Performing Arts Foundation
| full_name =
| native_name =
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| formation = 2000
| founder = [[Marshall White (director)|Marshall White]]<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.businesspeople.com/Post/2099/you-what |title=Marshall White |publisher=Business People |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref>
| founding_location = [[Fort Wayne, Indiana]], [[United States]]
| extinction = 
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| type = Non-profit
| tax_id = 
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| headquarters = [[Fort Wayne, Indiana]], [[United States]]
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| website = {{url|https://www.upaf.com/}}
}}

'''Unity Performing Arts Foundation''' (abbreviated '''UPAF'''; also stylized as '''UNITY''') is an American performing arts non-profit organization based in [[Fort Wayne, Indiana]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/jan/18/christy-stutzman-hearing-voices-unity-2015/ |title=Hearing the 'Voices of Unity' in 2015 |date=2015 |publisher=[[Washington Times]] |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> The company focuses on diverse types of [[fine arts]], including [[theatre arts]], [[choral music]], [[instrumental music]], [[literary arts]], [[oration]], and others.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://app.joinhandshake.com/employers/unity-performing-arts-foundation-203489 |title=nity Performing Arts Foundation |publisher=Join Handshake |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref>

==History==
Founded in 1993 by [[Marshall White (director)|Marshall White]], Unity Performing Arts Foundation was officially incorporated in 2000.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.kpcnews.com/features/life/article_3d7ba5e9-4d9a-5fac-ab5b-90a4176620d5.html |title=For Voices of Unity, singing is just the surface |date=2015 |publisher=KPC News |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.fwbusiness.com/personal_business/career_path/businessweekly/article_08583830-5565-5477-aa3b-4ae1272deb0f.html |title=Career Path: Making a difference to the tune of Unity |date=2012 |publisher=FW Business |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> Eventually, Unity came to serve as a platform for the Voices of Unity Youth Choir (VOU), a choral group directed by Marshall White that has been performing internationally since the 2000s.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.fwinkspot.com/fwis-news/2018/7/27/a-soulful-summer-spectacular-tribute-to-the-music-of-disney |title=A Soulful Summer Spectacular Tribute to the Music of Disney |publisher=Fort Wayne Ink Spot |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> The group has performed at international competitions such as the [[World Choir Games]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.dasfort.com/local-business/award-winning-choir-succeeding-stage-life |title=Award-winning Choir Succeeding On Stage, In Life |publisher=DasFort |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> At the [[World Choir Games]], the choir has won 5 gold medals in 2010, 2012, and 2014.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.visitfortwayne.com/listing/unity-performing-arts-foundation-inc/477/ |title=Unity Performing Arts Foundation |publisher=Visit Fort Wayne |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.fortwaynereader.com/story.php?uid=1604 |title=Voice’s of Unity Youth Choir chosen to represent in "Choir Olympics" |publisher=Fort Wayne Reader |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> As of 2014, the choir consisted of a demographically diverse group of 123 youths.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://whatzup.com/movers-shakers/destination-marshall-white |title=Marshall White |publisher=Whatzup |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref>

Youth development is also a major focus of the organization,<ref>{{cite web| url=https://greatnonprofits.org/org/unity-performing-arts-foundation-inc |title=Unity Performing Arts Foundation |publisher=Great Nonprofits |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> as Marshall White does not consider the organization to be strictly an arts venue, but also a place for personal development and community engagement.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.wboi.org/post/voices-unity-share-their-song-success#stream/0 |title=Voices of Unity Share Their Song Of Success |publisher=WBOI |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.greaterfortwayneinc.com/expanding-horizons/ |title=Expanding Horizons |publisher=Greater Fort Wayne Inc. |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Fort Wayne, Indiana#Performing Arts]]
*[[Fort Wayne Philharmonic Orchestra]]

==Further reading==
Selected magazine and news articles:

*{{cite magazine
|title=Show Stopper: Unity Performing Arts Foundation ends the season with a bang
|issue=25|volume=7|date=June 20–26, 2008
|website=www.inknewsonline.com
}}
*{{cite magazine
|title=Inspiring Success through Empowerment and Education
|first=Jill|last=Adams
|work=Business People
}}
*{{cite magazine
|first=Mark|last=Hunter
|work=The Journal Gazette
|title=Ti Erika Hunt’s dream of traveling to China came true with the Voices of Unity Choir last year.
|date=June 16, 2011
}}
*{{cite magazine
|date=June 30, 2010
|first=Dan|last=Jehl
|work=Frost Illustrated|title=Stephanie Woodson and The Voices of Unity: A family affair
}}
*{{cite magazine
|date=January 8, 2016
|title=Youth choir putting on a show
|first=Keiara
|last=Carr
|work=The Journal Gazette
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{official|https://www.upaf.com/}}

{{Music venues of Indiana}}
{{Fort Wayne, Indiana}}

{{authority control}}
{{nobots}}
[[Category:Theatre companies in Indiana]]
[[Category:Performing arts centers in Indiana]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Fort Wayne, Indiana]]
[[Category:2000 establishments in Indiana]]

Marshall White

2020-08-24T20:33:05Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox person | name = Marshall White | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = | birth_place = Indiana,..."

{{Infobox person
| name = Marshall White
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Indiana]], United States
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nationality = American
| other_names =
| occupation = Fine arts director
| years_active =
| known_for = Founder of [[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]]
| notable_works =
}}
'''Marshall White''' is a fine arts director based in [[Fort Wayne]], [[Indiana]]. He is best known as the founder and director of [[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]].<ref name="WBOI">{{cite web| url=https://www.wboi.org/post/voices-unity-share-their-song-success#stream/0 |title=Voices of Unity Share Their Song Of Success |publisher=WBOI |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Expanding Horizons">{{cite web| url=https://www.greaterfortwayneinc.com/expanding-horizons/ |title=Expanding Horizons |publisher=Greater Fort Wayne Inc. |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> His worked has focused on [[theatre arts]], [[choral music]], [[instrumental music]], [[literary arts]], [[oration]], and other forms of fine arts.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://app.joinhandshake.com/employers/unity-performing-arts-foundation-203489 |title=Unity Performing Arts Foundation |publisher=Join Handshake |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref>

==Education==
Marshall White was born and raised in [[Indiana]]. His father Bishop Jesse White taught him to play the piano and organ, and other forms of church music. Later, White attended the [[IPFW]] and the [[American Conservatory of Music]] in Chicago.<ref name="whatzup"/>

==Career==
Upon graduating from the [[American Conservatory of Music]] in Chicago, White became the director of the True Love Baptist Choir, and served in that role for 22 years. Later, he served as the director of [[Northrop High School]]'s Contemporary Chorale Choir. From 1994 to 2000, he was the director of Black Voices of Inspiration at [[Purdue University]] in [[West Lafayette]], [[Indiana]].<ref name="whatzup">{{cite web| url=https://whatzup.com/movers-shakers/destination-marshall-white |title=Marshall White |publisher=Whatzup |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref>

In 2000, White officially incorporated the [[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]], although its roots date back to 1993 as an unofficial grassroots organization.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.businesspeople.com/Post/2099/you-what |title=Marshall White |publisher=Business People |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> White is also the director and founder of the Voices of Unity Youth Choir (VOU), a youth choir based at the [[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.fwinkspot.com/fwis-news/2018/7/27/a-soulful-summer-spectacular-tribute-to-the-music-of-disney |title=A Soulful Summer Spectacular Tribute to the Music of Disney |publisher=Fort Wayne Ink Spot |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref> Throughout his career, White has also focused extensively on holistic youth development in his organizations,<ref>{{cite web| url=https://greatnonprofits.org/org/unity-performing-arts-foundation-inc |title=Unity Performing Arts Foundation |publisher=Great Nonprofits |accessdate=February 17, 2020}}</ref><ref name="WBOI"/><ref name="Expanding Horizons"/>

==See also==
*[[Unity Performing Arts Foundation]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.upaf.com/ Unity Performing Arts Foundation]

{{DEFAULTSORT:White, Marshall}}{{nobots}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Fort Wayne, Indiana]]
[[Category:African-American theater directors]]
[[Category:American theatre directors]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Gabana Playaz

2020-08-24T20:32:00Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{short description|Nigerian singer, rapper and songwriter (born 1992)}} {{Infobox musical artist | background = duo_singer | name = Gabana Playaz | birth_date..."

{{short description|Nigerian singer, rapper and songwriter (born 1992)}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| background = duo_singer
| name = Gabana Playaz
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1992|09|23|df=yes}}
| birth_name = Isaac Erhunse Obasuyi
| birth_place = [[Edo, Nigeria]]
| associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Lynox]]|[[Zlatan]]|[[Masterkraft]]|[[CDQ]]|[[Pepenazi]]|[[Sarkodie]]}}
| label = Playaz Worldwide
| years_active = 2012 – Present
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Musical Artist]]|[[Singing|Singer]]|[[rapper]]|[[songwriter]]}}
| genre = {{flatlist|*[[Afropop]]}}
| image = Gabana playaz.jpg
| caption =
}}

'''Isaac Erhunse Obasuyi''' (born 23 September 1992)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-19|title=Gabana Biography, Early Life, Career & More AUDIO MP3 DOWNLOAD|url=https://yahiphop.com/biography/gabana-biography-early-life-career-more/|access-date=2020-07-19|website=Yahiphop.com|language=en-US}}</ref> known as Gabana Playaz hails from Edo State, Nigeria. Gabana Playaz is a [[Nigerians|Nigerian]] singer, rapper, [[songwriter]] and recording artiste. He's part of the duo Playaz, His first major recognition came when he won Fresh on Beat FM artist for a month<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-10|title=I’m certain about my uniqueness as a musician – Gabana Playaz|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/im-certain-about-my-uniqueness-as-a-musician-gabana-playaz/|access-date=2020-07-25|website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics|language=en-US}}</ref> and performed at the prestigious Nigeria Industry Night and gained lots of accolades. He's been involved in the development of many hit songs under Masterkraft as a songwriter and as a backup singer for Wizkid and many other artistes. Gabana Playaz has also worked with names like CDQ,<ref>{{Cite web|last=editor|date=2020-02-15|title=Meet, Playaz the Originators of Slang And Song "Mad Oh"|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/02/15/meet-playaz-the-originators-of-slang-and-song-mad-oh/|access-date=2020-07-25|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref> just to mention a few. He is well known for his creativity in Afro-pop Genre.

== Early life ==
Gabana Playaz was born Isaac Erhunse Obasuyi on 23 July 1992 in [[Benin City]], [[Edo state]]. He grew up in Christian household family with cousins and relatives. Gabana Playaz also known as Gabana Playaz attended Blessings Foundation Secondary School in [[Benin City]]. He grew up listening to [[Fela Kuti]], [[Bob Marley]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Boys 2 Men]], [[Majek Fashek]] and many more.

== Career ==
In a radio interview with Segun Edmin of [[The Beat 99.9 FM]] in 2017, He mentioned being part of a church choir as a drummer for years, where he later started playing the guitar. Gabana Playaz went by the stage name of Nino until 2015. He met [[Masterkraft]], a [[Record Producer]] around 2012 and then permanently relocated to [[Lagos]] same year. While working at Masterkraft Studios he joined [[Wizkid]]’s band as a back-up singer for 6 months<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-10|title=My uniqueness makes me a global brand— Gabana Playaz|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/04/my-uniqueness-makes-me-a-global-brand-gabana-playaz/|access-date=2020-07-25|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> and He was also present during the recording sessions for [[Flavour N'abania]]’s album Blessed, He cited Flavour as one of the people who coached him.

He has also worked with big industry giants including CDQ,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Otishe (feat. Gabanabwoy) by CDQ|url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/otishe-feat-gabanabwoy/1146611023?i=1146611125|access-date=2020-07-19|website=Apple Music|language=en-gb}}</ref> [[Pepenazi]] while developing his craft , he dropped out of [[Delta State University, Abraka|Delta State University]] DELSU, Abraka On relocating to Lagos. While speaking with the sun newspapers he pointed out that his uniqueness prepared him for a global stage<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-10|title=My uniqueness prepared for global stage – Gabana Playaz|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/my-uniqueness-prepared-for-global-stage-gabana-playaz/|access-date=2020-07-19|website=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Discography ==

* Ishe Yen Ft. CDQ x Pepenazi<ref>{{Cite web|last=Podcast|first=N. L.|last2=Giveaway|first2=N. L.|last3=Prediction|first3=N. L.|last4=Zone|first4=Talk|last5=Card|first5=Sell Bitcoin/Gift|last6=Us|first6=About|last7=NL|first7=Advertise On|last8=Music/Video|first8=Promote|last9=Posts|first9=Submit|date=2017-10-06|title=[Music] Gabana Ft CDQ x Pepenazi - Ishe Yen » Naijaloaded|url=https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/download-music/gabana-ft-cdq-x-pepenazi-ishe-yen|access-date=2020-07-19|website=Naijaloaded {{!}} Nigeria's Most Visited Music & Entertainment Website|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Wata Ft Sarkodie<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-05-30|title=DOWNLOAD: Gabanabwoy - "Wata" ft. Sarkodie {{!}} Latest Nigerian Song|url=https://tooxclusive.com/gabanabwoy-wata-ft-sarkodie/|access-date=2020-07-19|website=tooXclusive|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Ololo<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ololo by Gabanabwoy|url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/ololo/1120515941?i=1120516033|access-date=2020-07-19|website=Apple Music|language=en-gb}}</ref>
* She Fine<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-10-20|title=Gabana Bwoy - She Fine (Prod. By Masterkraft)|url=https://www.mp3naija.com.ng/song/music-gabana-bwoy-she-fine-prod-by-masterkraft|access-date=2020-07-19|website=Mp3Naija.Com|language=en}}</ref>

== Videography ==

* She Fine<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-10-20|title=VIDEO: Gabana Bwoy – She Fine|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2015/10/video-gabana-bwoy-she-fine/|access-date=2020-07-19|website=360Nobs.com|language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Awards & Nomination ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Award Ceremony
!Prize
!Recipient
!Result
!Ref
|-
|2015
|Beat FM Awards
|Beat FM Fresh Artist
|Himself
|Won
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-10|title=My uniqueness prepared for global stage – Gabana Playaz|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/my-uniqueness-prepared-for-global-stage-gabana-playaz/|access-date=2020-07-19|website=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref>
|}
*

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* Website: [https://www.playazworldwide.com/ Playazworldwide.com]
* Instagram: [https://www.instagram.com/gabanaplayaz/ @gabanaplayaz]
* Twitter: [https://twitter.com/gabanaplayaz @gabanaplayaz]
* YouTube: [https://soundcloud.com/playazworldwide Playaz Worldwide]

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Nigerian male singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:Nigerian male pop singers]]
[[Category:Nigerian hip hop singers]]
[[Category:English-language singers from Nigeria]]
[[Category:English-language singers]]
[[Category:1992 births]]
[[Category:1992 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Power Wizard

2020-08-24T20:30:54Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{short description|Electricity subscription services}} {{Infobox company | name = Power Wizard | key_people = | logo = | type = Private | industry = electricity, a..."

{{short description|Electricity subscription services}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Power Wizard
| key_people =
| logo =
| type = [[Private]]
| industry = [[electricity]], [[artificial intelligence]], home, home services, power, money saving, utilities, and energy
| foundation = {{start date and age|2019}}
| owner =
| num_employees = 1-10 employees
| location_city = [[Houston, TX]]
| location_country = [[United States of America]]
}}
'''Power Wizard''' is an electricity subscription services that searches and compares electricity plans and is available in all of [[Deregulation of the Texas electricity market|Texas' deregulated electricity market]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Broker Report|url=https://www.puc.texas.gov/industry/electric/directories/brk/report_brk.aspx?ID=BRSQL01DB1245873300049|access-date=2020-08-11|website=www.puc.texas.gov}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sixel|first=L. M.|date=2019-10-17|title='Totally unbiased' power shopping site owned by electricity company|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/business/energy/article/Totally-unbiased-power-shopping-site-owned-14539991.php|access-date=2020-08-11|website=HoustonChronicle.com|language=en-US}}</ref>

== History ==
Power Wizard was launched in February 2019, with headquarters in [[Houston]], [[Texas]] and owned by [[NextEra Energy]], it has offices in Houston, [[Dallas]], [[Irving, Texas|Irving]], and [[Plano, Texas|Plano]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=EnergyChoiceMatters.com|url=http://www.energychoicematters.com/stories/20190528avaa.html|access-date=2020-08-11|website=www.energychoicematters.com}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The technology was originated from a team of energy professionals who saw ongoing price uncertainty in the electricity market.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=The Path to Power Wizard|url=https://www.powerwizard.com/our-story|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-08-11|website=www.powerwizard.com}}</ref>

== Background ==
The goal of Power Wizard is to empower consumers and protect them from hidden fees, price spikes, and general confusion when navigating the energy market.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wizard|first=Power|title=Power Wizard Offers Tips During COVID-19 on How to Save Money on Consumers' Electric Bills|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/power-wizard-offers-tips-during-covid-19-on-how-to-save-money-on-consumers-electric-bills-301032305.html|access-date=2020-08-11|website=www.prnewswire.com|language=en}}</ref> The growth in the industry reflects the confusion many [[Texas]] consumers face while shopping for power as they wade through gift card offers, free nights and weekend promotions, multi-tiered rates that change based on the number of kilowatt hours used and electricity brokers who promise they can find the best deals.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=How It Works: The Wizard's Magic|url=https://www.powerwizard.com/how-it-works|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=August 11, 2020|website=www.powerwizard.com}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Deregulation of the Texas electricity market]]
* [[NextEra Energy]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.powerwizard.com Official Website]

[[Category:2019 establishments in Texas]]
[[Category:Energy companies established in 2019]]

Passfolio

2020-08-24T20:30:21Z

WritingSnowman: Created page with "{{Infobox company | name = {{PAGENAMEBASE}} | logo = | type = Private | founded = 2018 | founder = David Gobaud | hq_location_city = San Francisc..."

{{Infobox company
| name = {{PAGENAMEBASE}}
| logo =
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| founded = 2018
| founder = David Gobaud
| hq_location_city = [[San Francisco, California]]
| hq_location_country = [[United States]]
| services = [[Stockbroker]] [[Electronic trading platform]]
| num_employees = 20
| num_employees_year =  2020<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.linkedin.com/company/passfolio/people|title=Passfolio LinkedIn Profile|publisher=LinkedIn|accessdate=August 7, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
| subsid = Passfolio Securities, LLC Passfolio Financial, LLC
| website = {{URL|https://www.passfolio.us}}
}}

'''Passfolio''' is the brand name of Panchain, Inc., an American fintech company headquartered in [[San Francisco|San Francisco, California]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Passfolio Company Profile|url=https://angel.co/company/passfolio|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=August 7, 2020|website=AngelList}}</ref> The company’s first product is a mobile and web platform that offers foreigners the ability to invest in US stocks, [[Exchange-traded fund|ETFs]] and [[Real estate investment trust|REITs]] from the US market through Passfolio Securities, as well as [[Cryptocurrency|cryptocurrencies]] through Passfolio Financial.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-04-16|title=Passfolio lança primeiro serviço de negociação de ações americanas com suporte a depósitos de criptomoedas|url=https://www.criptofacil.com/passfolio-lanca-primeiro-servico-negociacao-acoes-americanas-com-suporte-depositos-criptomoedas/|access-date=2020-08-13|website=CriptoFácil|language=pt-BR}}</ref>

Passfolio Securities is a member of [[Financial Industry Regulatory Authority|FINRA]] and of the [[Securities Investor Protection Corporation]], and is registered with the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=As taxas de juros estão em queda. Veja o que você pode fazer com seus investimentos.|url=https://br.advfn.com/jornal/2020/05/as-taxas-de-juros-estao-em-queda-veja-o-que-voce-pode-fazer-com-seus-investimentos/|access-date=2020-08-13|website=ADVFN News|language=pt-BR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BrokerCheck - Find a broker, investment or financial advisor|url=https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/299874|access-date=2020-08-13|website=brokercheck.finra.org}}</ref> Through Passfolio Securities, the company offers commission-free US [[stock trading]] in its platform. The company’s revenue comes from currency conversion fees and interest on uninvested cash.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Brasileiros agora podem investir nos EUA sem taxas de corretagem|url=https://br.advfn.com/jornal/2020/05/brasileiros-agora-podem-investir-nos-eua-sem-taxas-de-corretagem/|access-date=2020-08-13|website=ADVFN News|language=pt-BR}}</ref>

Passfolio Financial is a United States money services business registered with [[Financial Crimes Enforcement Network|FinCEN]], which offers [[cryptocurrency]] trading and funding in the Passfolio platform.<ref name=":0" />

== History ==
Passfolio was founded in 2018 with the mission of “democratizing investment opportunities and providing fast, easy, and secure access to the US market”.<ref name=":3" /> The company’s idea came when its founder, David Gobaud, was traveling the world and saw how much demand there was for better [[Investment|investments]].

Before Passfolio, David Gobaud previously founded Pluto Mail, an email service platform and Yoshi, a [[Y Combinator]] backed company.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2020-03-26|title=How Passfolio Went From Zero to 16,000 People on Their App Waitlist|url=https://kickofflabs.com/podcast/how-passfolio-went-from-zero-to-16000-people-on-their-app-waitlist|access-date=2020-08-13|website=KickoffLabs|language=en}}</ref>

In January 2019, Passfolio launched its website with a waitlist for users interested in getting early access to the product.<ref name=":2" /> During the first 8 months of waitlist, 16,000 people signed up for Passfolio’s waitlist.<ref name=":2" />

In June 2019, a first version of the Passfolio app was released in Apple’s [[App Store (iOS)| App Store]] and [[Google Play]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Passfolio - Invest in the US - Apps on Google Play|url=https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.passfolio.app&hl=en_US|access-date=2020-08-13|website=play.google.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Passfolio - Invest in the US|url=https://apps.apple.com/us/app/passfolio-invest-in-the-us/id1445230305|access-date=2020-08-13|website=App Store|language=en-us}}</ref>

In August 2019, a beta program of Passfolio went live, allowing testers to buy and sell US stocks, ETFs and REITs with no minimum requirements to start.<ref name=":2" /> In November 2019, Passfolio launched its stock trading features publicly in more than 170 countries around the world.<ref name=":2" />

In March 2020, Passfolio launched cryptocurrency funding and trading features through Passfolio Financial.<ref name=":0" />

== Products ==

=== Stock, ETF and REIT trading ===
Through Passfolio Securities, Passfolio offers access to more than 3,000 stocks, ETFs and REITs from the US [[stock market]] to investors in more than 170 countries. Passfolio charges no commission fees for assets priced $5 or more and allows [[Fractional share|fractional shares]] investing, so users can trade small amounts.<ref name=":3" />

=== Cryptocurrency trading ===
Since March 2020, Passfolio offers users the possibility of funding their accounts using [[Cryptocurrency|cryptocurrencies]] through Passfolio Financial. Users are able to deposit cryptocurrencies like [[Bitcoin]], [[Bitcoin Cash]], [[Ethereum]], [[Litecoin]] and [[Zcash]] to their accounts at Passfolio Financial and trade them in the mobile app.<ref name=":0" /> Passfolio also allows users to convert their cryptocurrencies into [[United States dollar|U.S. Dollars]] through Passfolio Financial, transfer the proceeds to their [[brokerage account]] at Passfolio Securities and use the balance to purchase [[Security (finance)|securities]].<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==

* [https://www.passfolio.us/ Official website]
* [https://passfolio.us/fees Passfolio’s Fees Schedule]
{{Online brokerages}}

Dustin York

2020-08-14T22:19:41Z

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{{short description|American educator}}
{{Infobox academic
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| workplaces = [[Maryville University]]
| discipline = [[Communication]]
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| alma_mater = [[Lindenwood University]] (Ed.D., M.A.) [[Southeast Missouri State University]] (B.S.)
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'''Dustin York''' (born August 24, 1986) is an American educator and communications professor. He is Associate Professor at [[Maryville University]] in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/20/success/ceos-office/index.html |title=CNN |date=May 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref>

York holds an Ed.D. from [[Lindenwood University]], and has served as a consultant for [[Barack Obama]]'s [[2008 U.S. Presidential campaign]]. He has also consulted for companies such as [[PepsiCo]], [[Nike]], and [[Scottrade]], and trains [[Fortune 500]] companies in media relations, [[organizational communication]], conflict resolution and [[nonverbal communication]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business.com/articles/instagram-new-algorithm-good-for-business/ |title=Business.com |date=September 2018|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref> In addition, he has published articles for and been interviewed by [[CNN]], ''[[Forbes]]'', ''[[Entrepreneur (magazine)|Entrepreneur]]'', and more.

==Career==
Dustin York has served as the director of undergraduate and graduate communication at [[Maryville University]] since 2012,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.editorandpublisher.com/feature/to-free-themselves-from-lies-journalists-are-using-new-tools-and-techniques-to-check-facts |title=To Free Themselves From Lies, Journalists are Using New Tools and Techniques to Check Facts |work=Editor & Publisher (Cover Story) |date=December 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref> and has also lectured at [[Lindenwood University]] from 2010 to 2012.

He has written on how local governments and politicians can interact with citizens using social media,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/petersuciu/2019/11/19/social-media-and-local-government/ |title=Social Media and Local Government |work=Forbes |date=November 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://tech.co/digital-marketing/best-social-media-tips-businesses |title=The Best Social Media Tips |work=Tech.Co |date=November 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref> as well as how [[artificial intelligence]] interacts with sites such as [[YouTube]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.technewsworld.com/story/Evidence-of-War-Crimes-Vanishing-From-Social-Media-86333.html |title=Evidence of War Crimes Vanishing From Social Media |work=TechNewsWorld |date=November 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref>

Additionally, York advises on social media management,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/petersuciu/2019/10/28/why-user-engagement-isnt-always-a-good-thing-on-social-media/#583ff79d6b96 |title=Why User Engagement Isn't Always a Good Thing on Social Media |work=Forbes |date=October 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref> including marketing strategies for social media platforms.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://smallbiztrends.com/2019/08/in-the-news-is-your-restaurant-ready-for-the-impossible.html/amp |title=Is Your Restaurant Ready for the Impossible? |work=Small Biz Trends |date=August 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://smallbiztrends.com/2019/08/instagram-removing-like-counts.html |title=Instagram Removes Like Counts |work=Small Biz Trends |date=August 2019|access-date=February 15, 2020}}</ref>

==Selected publications==
York's publications includes research on [[nonverbal communication]] in student learning.<ref>{{cite news |title=Non-verbal immediacy’s role in student learning |work=Journal of Media and Communication Studies |date=January 2015}}</ref>

Some of Dustin York's publications:

*York, D. (2015). Non-verbal immediacy’s role in student learning. ''Journal of Media and Communication Studies'', Vol. 7(1), 1-7.
*York, D. (2014). [http://www.lindenwood.edu/ela/issue04/york.html Professional development: The use of nonverbal communication during class lecture]. ''Journal of Educational Leadership in Action'', Vol. 2(2).
*P. Morreale, N. Diplan, and D. York (2019). A Gamification Pathway for Computer Science Student Success. ''Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education'' (ITiCE 2019), July 14-17, 2019, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{official|https://www.drdustinyork.com/}}
*[https://online.maryville.edu/business-degrees/faculty/dustin-york/ Maryville University faculty page]
*[https://www.linkedin.com/in/dryork LinkedIn profile]

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[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1986 births]]
[[Category:American educators]]
[[Category:Maryville University]]
[[Category:Lindenwood University alumni]]
[[Category:Communications consultants]]