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Dinosauria Classification Overview

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki

Pterosauria

This is a basic classification of pterosaurs, which were flying reptiles of the Mesozoic era. Here's a quick breakdown:

Suborder Rhamphorhynchoidea (Primitive, Long-Tailed Pterosaurs)

  • These were earlier pterosaurs, typically smaller, with long tails and toothed jaws.
  • Dimorphodontidae: Dimorphodon – A small, robust pterosaur with a short face and large head.
  • Eudimorphodontidae: Eudimorphodon – Among the earliest known pterosaurs.
  • Rhamphorhynchidae:
    • Anurognathus – A short-faced insectivore.
    • Rhamphorhynchus – A well-known long-tailed pterosaur with a diamond-shaped tail vane.
    • Scaphognathus – A small pterosaur with a broad skull.
    • Sordes – A pterosaur that showed evidence of a furry body covering (pycnofibers).

Suborder Pterodactyloidea (Advanced, Short-Tailed Pterosaurs)

  • These had shorter tails, larger wingspans, and often toothless beaks.
  • Dsungaripteridae: Dsungaripterus – A robust, land-walking pterosaur with strong jaws.
  • Pterodaustriidae: Pterodaustro – A filter-feeding pterosaur with bristle-like teeth.
  • Pterodactylidae:
    • Cearadactylus – A crested pterosaur from Brazil.
    • Pterodactylus – One of the first pterosaurs discovered and named.
  • Ornithocheiridae:
    • Pteranodon – A large, mostly toothless pterosaur with a distinctive crest.
    • Quetzalcoatlus – One of the largest known flying animals, possibly capable of ground hunting.

Saurischia

This classification covers Coelurosauria, a diverse group of theropod dinosaurs known for being generally lighter, faster, and more bird-like than other theropods. Here’s a breakdown of the families listed:

Infraorder Coelurosauria (Light, Fast Theropods)

Family Podokesauridae (Early, Small Theropods)}}

  • Coelophysis – One of the earliest known theropods, a slender, fast predator.
  • Procompsognathus – A small, lightly built carnivore.
  • Saltopus – A tiny, primitive dinosaur-like reptile, possibly more closely related to early dinosaurs than true theropods.

Family Coeluridae (Small, Bipedal Predators)

  • Coelurus – A lightly built, long-limbed theropod from the Late Jurassic.
  • Moros – One of the smallest known relatives of Tyrannosaurus, an early Cretaceous coelurosaur.

Family Compsognathidae (Tiny, Fast Hunters)

  • Compsognathus – A small, chicken-sized theropod, one of the best-known from complete fossils.

Family Ornithomimidae ("Ostrich-Mimic" Dinosaurs)

  • Dromiceiomimus – A swift, ostrich-like dinosaur from North America.
  • Elaphrosaurus – A lightly built, long-necked theropod from the Late Jurassic.
  • Gallimimus – One of the largest ornithomimids, known from Mongolia.
  • Ornithomimus – A classic example of an ostrich-mimic dinosaur.
  • Struthiomimus – Similar to Ornithomimus, with adaptations for fast running.

Family Deinocheiridae (Giant, Weird Ornithomimosaurs)

  • Deinocheirus – A bizarre, hump-backed dinosaur with huge arms and a diet likely including plants and small animals.

Family Oviraptoridae (Beaked, Possibly Omnivorous Theropods)

  • Oviraptor – A small theropod once thought to steal eggs but later found to be a protective parent.

Family Saurornithoididae (Troodontids, Small, Smart Predators)

  • Saurornithoides – A small, bird-like, possibly intelligent theropod.
  • Stenonychosaurus – Sometimes considered the same as Troodon, a theropod known for its large brain-to-body ratio.

Family Therizinosauridae (Strange, Clawed Herbivores)

  • Therizinosaurus – A massive, slow-moving herbivore with enormous claws, likely used for defense or feeding.

Infraorder Deinonychosauria (Raptor-like Dinosaurs with Sickle Claws)

Deinonychosaurs were a group of bird-like theropods known for their distinctive sickle-shaped claws on their second toes, which were likely used for hunting and grasping prey.

Family Dromaeosauridae (True Raptors)

  • Deinonychus – One of the most famous dromaeosaurs, this North American predator played a key role in reshaping the image of dinosaurs as active, intelligent, and possibly feathered.
  • Saurornitholestes – A smaller, fast-moving dromaeosaur from the Late Cretaceous of North America, closely related to Velociraptor.
  • Utahraptor – The largest known dromaeosaur, reaching up to 7 meters (23 feet) in length. It lived during the Early Cretaceous and was an apex predator.
  • Velociraptor – One of the most well-known dinosaurs, made famous by Jurassic Park. It was a small but intelligent predator, likely covered in feathers.

Infraorder Ceratosauria

Ceratosaurs were a group of theropod dinosaurs that were generally more primitive than later theropods like allosaurs and tyrannosaurs. They often had distinctive cranial ornamentation, such as horns or crests, and were common in the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.

Family Ceratosauridae (Horned Theropods)

  • Ceratosaurus – A medium-sized theropod from the Late Jurassic, distinguished by its prominent nasal horn and rows of osteoderms (bony plates) along its back. It was a versatile predator that likely hunted small to medium-sized prey and possibly scavenged.

Infraorder Carnosauria (Large Predatory Theropods)

Carnosaurs were large, powerful theropods that dominated many ecosystems during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. They typically had large skulls, strong jaws, and sharp teeth suited for hunting large prey.


Family Megalosauridae (Early Large Theropods, Includes Spinosaur Relatives)

  • Dilophosaurus – A medium-sized, early Jurassic predator with distinctive twin crests on its skull. It was one of the first large theropods.
  • Eustreptospondylus – A Middle Jurassic theropod from Europe, known from a well-preserved skeleton.
  • Giganotosaurus – One of the largest known theropods, this Late Cretaceous predator from South America may have rivaled Tyrannosaurus in size. However, it is often classified in Carcharodontosauridae rather than Megalosauridae.
  • Proceratosaurus – A small, early theropod from the Middle Jurassic, believed to be an early relative of tyrannosaurs rather than a true megalosaurid.

Family Allosauridae (Classic Jurassic Apex Predators)

  • Allosaurus – The dominant predator of the Late Jurassic, often compared to a smaller Tyrannosaurus. It had powerful claws and an articulated skull for gripping prey.
  • Yangchuanosaurus – A large theropod from the Late Jurassic of China, similar in size and role to Allosaurus.

Family Spinosauridae (Fish-Eating, Semi-Aquatic Theropods)

  • Acrocanthosaurus – A large theropod with a tall-spined back from the Early Cretaceous of North America. While often associated with allosaurs, some studies suggest links to carcharodontosaurs.
  • Spinosaurus – One of the largest carnivorous dinosaurs, possibly semi-aquatic, with a distinctive sail-like structure on its back. It likely hunted fish and other aquatic prey.

Family Tyrannosauridae (Large, Late Cretaceous Apex Predators)

  • Albertosaurus – A smaller, more lightly built relative of Tyrannosaurus, known from Canada.
  • Alioramus – A long-snouted tyrannosaur from Asia, possibly adapted for a different hunting strategy than its more robust relatives.
  • Daspletosaurus – A heavily built, close relative of Tyrannosaurus, possibly a direct ancestor.
  • Tarbosaurus – The Asian counterpart to Tyrannosaurus, with a slightly narrower skull.
  • Tyrannosaurus – The most famous theropod, an apex predator of the Late Cretaceous, with massive jaws, thick teeth, and powerful bite force.

Infraorder Prosauropoda (Early, Smaller, Bipedal to Semi-Quadrupedal Ancestors of Sauropods)

Prosauropods were the predecessors of the massive sauropods, typically smaller, with long necks, and capable of both bipedal and quadrupedal movement.

Family Anchisauridae (Small to Medium Prosauropods)

  • Anchisaurus – A small, early Jurassic prosauropod that was one of the first dinosaurs to show adaptations for a more plant-based diet.
  • Efraasia – A late Triassic prosauropod from Europe, an early member of the lineage leading to sauropods.
  • Thecodontosaurus – One of the earliest known dinosaurs, a small, agile herbivore from the Late Triassic.

Family Plateosauridae (Larger, More Derived Prosauropods)

  • Massospondylus – A well-known Early Jurassic prosauropod with a long neck, possibly capable of facultative quadrupedalism.
  • Mussaurus – Known from hatchling fossils, this small Triassic prosauropod grew significantly larger in adulthood.
  • Plateosaurus – One of the best-known prosauropods, abundant in Late Triassic Europe, capable of rearing up on its hind legs.

Family Melanorosauridae (Transition Between Prosauropods and Sauropods)

  • Riojasaurus – A robust, quadrupedal prosauropod, hinting at the shift toward fully quadrupedal sauropods.

Infraorder Sauropoda (Large, Fully Quadrupedal, Long-Necked Dinosaurs)

Sauropods were the largest land animals ever, with massive bodies, long necks, and pillar-like legs.

Family Cetiosauridae (Early, Medium-Sized Sauropods)

  • Barapasaurus – A primitive, early Jurassic sauropod from India.
  • Cetiosaurus – Known as the “whale lizard,” an early sauropod from the Middle Jurassic of Europe.

Family Brachiosauridae (Long-Limbed, High-Browsing Sauropods)

  • Brachiosaurus – One of the most famous sauropods, with long forelimbs, allowing it to feed higher in trees.
  • Sauroposeidon – Possibly the tallest sauropod, with neck vertebrae over a meter long, from North America.

Family Camarasauridae (Stocky, Shorter-Necked Sauropods)

  • Camarasaurus – One of the most common North American sauropods, with a boxy skull and strong teeth.
  • Euhelopus – A Chinese sauropod with unusual forward-facing nostrils.
  • Opisthocoelicaudia – A late Cretaceous titanosaur-like sauropod from Mongolia, possibly closely related to titanosaurs.

Family Diplodocidae (Long, Whip-Tailed Sauropods)

  • Apatosaurus – A heavily built diplodocid once confused with Brontosaurus.
  • Dicraeosaurus – A short-necked diplodocid with tall neural spines.
  • Diplodocus – One of the longest dinosaurs, with an extremely elongated neck and tail.
  • Mamenchisaurus – A Chinese sauropod with one of the longest necks of any known dinosaur.
  • Supersaurus – One of the longest sauropods, with estimates suggesting it could reach over 33 meters (108 feet).

Family Titanosauridae (Giant, Widespread, Cretaceous Sauropods)

  • Alamosaurus – A large North American titanosaur from the Late Cretaceous.
  • Dreadnoughtus – One of the most massive land animals known from well-preserved fossils.
  • Saltasaurus – A smaller, armored titanosaur with bony osteoderms for defense.

Ornithischia

Infraorder Ornithopoda (Bipedal to Quadrupedal Herbivorous Dinosaurs)

Ornithopods were a diverse group of herbivorous dinosaurs that evolved from small, fast runners into some of the largest and most successful herbivores of the Mesozoic.


Family Fabrosauridae (Small, Early Ornithopods)

  • Lesothosaurus – A lightly built, bipedal herbivore from the Early Jurassic of Africa, one of the most primitive ornithischians.
  • Scutellosaurus – Though listed here, Scutellosaurus is usually classified as an early armored dinosaur (thyreophoran), rather than an ornithopod.

Family Heterodontosauridae (Small, Fang-Toothed Herbivores/Omnivores)

  • Echinodon – A small, early ornithischian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Europe, sometimes considered a basal thyreophoran (armored dinosaur).
  • Heterodontosaurus – A small dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa, with a mix of teeth suggesting an omnivorous diet.
  • Pisanosaurus – A Late Triassic dinosaur from South America, often considered the earliest known ornithischian, though its classification is debated.

Family Hypsilophodontidae (Small, Agile Ornithopods)

  • Callovosaurus – One of the oldest known iguanodontians, from the Middle Jurassic of Europe.
  • Dryosaurus – A fast-running, lightly built herbivore from the Late Jurassic of North America and Africa.
  • Hypsilophodon – A small, bipedal herbivore from the Early Cretaceous of Europe, once thought to be arboreal.
  • Nanosaurus – A small Late Jurassic ornithopod from North America, originally confused with Othnielia.
  • Parksosaurus – A small Late Cretaceous dinosaur from North America, similar to Thescelosaurus.
  • Thescelosaurus – A robust, possibly facultatively quadrupedal ornithopod from the Late Cretaceous of North America.

Family Iguanodontidae (Medium to Large Ornithopods, Precursors to Hadrosaurs)

  • Camptosaurus – A Late Jurassic ornithopod from North America and Europe, with some features linking it to later hadrosaurs.
  • Iguanodon – One of the first dinosaurs ever discovered, a large, thumb-spiked herbivore from the Early Cretaceous of Europe and North Africa.
  • Muttaburrasaurus – A large ornithopod from Early Cretaceous Australia, with a distinctive domed snout.
  • Ouranosaurus – A sail-backed ornithopod from Early Cretaceous Africa, showing convergent evolution with Spinosaurus.
  • Probactrosaurus – A transitional ornithopod from the Early Cretaceous of Asia, closely related to hadrosaurs.
  • Tenontosaurus – A large, long-tailed ornithopod from North America, frequently found with evidence of predation by Deinonychus.

Family Hadrosauridae (Duck-Billed Dinosaurs, Highly Successful Late Cretaceous Ornithopods)

Hadrosaurids evolved advanced chewing adaptations, strong social structures, and in some cases, elaborate cranial crests.

Subfamily Hadrosaurinae (Flat-Headed Hadrosaurs)

  • Bactrosaurus – A basal hadrosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Asia, showing early features of the group.
  • Edmontosaurus – One of the largest hadrosaurs, known from North America, potentially reaching up to 15 meters (50 feet) in length.
  • Hadrosaurus – The first dinosaur to be formally named in North America, from the Late Cretaceous of New Jersey.
  • Kritosaurus – A hadrosaur from North America and possibly South America, known for its bumpy snout.
  • Maiasaura – Famous for evidence of parental care, it lived in large nesting colonies in North America.
  • Prosaurolophus – A medium-sized hadrosaur from North America, closely related to Saurolophus.
  • Saurolophus – A hadrosaur known from both North America and Asia, featuring a backward-pointing crest.
  • Shantungosaurus – The largest known hadrosaur, potentially over 16 meters (52 feet) long, from the Late Cretaceous of China.

Subfamily Lambeosaurinae (Crested Hadrosaurs)

  • Corythosaurus – A North American hadrosaur with a helmet-like crest, likely used for communication.
  • Hypacrosaurus – A large, Late Cretaceous North American hadrosaur with a tall, hollow crest.
  • Lambeosaurus – A well-known crested hadrosaur from North America, with a forward-curving crest.
  • Olorotitan – A highly crested hadrosaur from Late Cretaceous Russia, known for its elongated skull crest.
  • Parasaurolophus – One of the most recognizable dinosaurs, with a long, backward-curving tube-like crest, possibly used for sound production.
  • Tsintaosaurus – A Chinese hadrosaur once thought to have a unicorn-like horn, now understood to have a crest similar to Lambeosaurus.

Infraorder Ceratopia (Horned and Frilled Dinosaurs)

Ceratopians were a diverse group of herbivorous dinosaurs known for their parrot-like beaks and frills, with later members developing large horns.


Family Pachycephalosauridae (Dome-Headed Dinosaurs)

Pachycephalosaurs were bipedal dinosaurs with thick skull domes, possibly used for headbutting behavior.

  • Homalocephale – A flat-headed pachycephalosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, possibly a juvenile form of Prenocephale.
  • Pachycephalosaurus – The largest known pachycephalosaur, from Late Cretaceous North America, with a massive, thick skull dome.
  • Prenocephale – A smaller, dome-headed dinosaur from Mongolia, related to Pachycephalosaurus.
  • Stegoceras – A medium-sized pachycephalosaur from North America, known from well-preserved skulls.

Family Psittacosauridae (Early Ceratopsians, Parrot-Beaked Dinosaurs)

Psittacosaurs were small, bipedal herbivores with strong beaks, forming the early branches of ceratopsian evolution.

  • Psittacosaurus – One of the most well-documented dinosaurs, with dozens of species from the Early Cretaceous of Asia, some with quill-like structures on the tail.

Family Protoceratopidae (Small, Early Frilled Ceratopsians)

These were transitional ceratopsians, showing the development of frills and more robust bodies.

  • Bagaceratops – A small, Late Cretaceous ceratopsian from Mongolia, closely related to Protoceratops.
  • Leptoceratops – A stocky, small ceratopsian from Late Cretaceous North America, possibly capable of both bipedal and quadrupedal movement.
  • Microceratus – One of the smallest ceratopsians, from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, once called Microceratops.
  • Montanoceratops – A North American protoceratopsian with a slightly more developed frill.
  • Protoceratops – A well-known early ceratopsian from Mongolia, famous for its possible link to the origins of griffin myths.

Family Ceratopidae (Large Horned Dinosaurs with Well-Developed Frills)

Ceratopids were the most advanced ceratopsians, ranging from short-frilled centrosaurines to long-frilled chasmosaurines.

Subfamily Centrosaurinae (Short-Frilled, Often More Ornamented Ceratopsians)

  • Anchiceratops – A long-frilled ceratopsian with small horns, from Late Cretaceous Canada.
  • Arrhinoceratops – A rare ceratopsian with a distinctive nasal ornament, from Canada.
  • Centrosaurus – A well-studied centrosaurine with a short frill and large nasal horn, from North America.
  • Nasutoceratops – A unique, long-snouted ceratopsian with forward-facing horns, from Utah.
  • Pachyrhinosaurus – A ceratopsian with a thickened, bumpy skull instead of traditional horns, possibly for ramming behavior.
  • Styracosaurus – A striking ceratopsian with a large nasal horn and long spikes extending from its frill.

Subfamily Chasmosaurinae (Large, Long-Frilled Ceratopsians)

  • Chasmosaurus – A long-frilled ceratopsian from Canada, with a relatively small brow horn.
  • Pentaceratops – A massive ceratopsian with one of the largest frills of any dinosaur, from New Mexico.
  • Torosaurus – Once debated as a mature form of Triceratops, it had an extremely long frill with large openings.
  • Triceratops – One of the most famous dinosaurs, with large brow horns and a solid frill, among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist.

Infraorder Stegosauria (Plated Dinosaurs with Tail Spikes)

Stegosaurs were herbivorous dinosaurs characterized by rows of bony plates along their backs and spiked tails (thagomizers) used for defense.

Family Stegosauridae (Plated Dinosaurs)

  • Kentrosaurus – A smaller, spike-covered stegosaur from the Late Jurassic of Africa, with a mix of plates and spikes.
  • Stegosaurus – The most famous stegosaur, from the Late Jurassic of North America, with large, alternating plates and a powerful thagomizer.
  • Tuojiangosaurus – A Chinese stegosaur from the Late Jurassic, resembling Stegosaurus, but with a lower, more compact body.
  • Wuerhosaurus – One of the last known stegosaurs, from the Early Cretaceous of China, with a more flattened body compared to earlier relatives.

Infraorder Ankylosauria (Heavily Armored Dinosaurs, Some with Clubbed Tails)

Ankylosaurs were quadrupedal herbivores with extensive body armor, evolving into two main groups: nodosaurs (without tail clubs) and ankylosaurs (with tail clubs).


Family Scelidosauridae (Early Armored Dinosaurs)

A transitional family between small, bipedal ornithischians and heavily armored ankylosaurs.

  • Scelidosaurus – An early armored dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of England, sometimes considered a basal ankylosaur or thyreophoran.

Family Nodosauridae (Armored Dinosaurs Without Tail Clubs)

Nodosaurs lacked tail clubs but had extensive bony armor, spines, and large shoulder spikes for defense.

  • Hylaeosaurus – One of the first dinosaurs ever discovered, from Early Cretaceous England, possibly with large shoulder spikes.
  • Nodosaurus – A medium-sized nodosaur from North America, known mostly from fragmentary remains.
  • Panoplosaurus – A heavily armored nodosaur from the Late Cretaceous of North America, with an elongated body and small head.
  • Polacanthus – A European nodosaur with an extensive shield of fused armor over its hips.
  • Sauropelta – A well-armored nodosaur from North America with large shoulder spikes for defense.
  • Silvisaurus – A smaller nodosaur from North America, with a relatively short snout and robust armor.
  • Struthiosaurus – A small, lightly built nodosaur from Europe, one of the smallest known armored dinosaurs.

Family Ankylosauridae (Armored Dinosaurs with Tail Clubs)

Ankylosaurs evolved powerful tail clubs, reinforced skulls, and extensive bony armor for defense.

  • Ankylosaurus – The largest and most famous ankylosaur, from Late Cretaceous North America, with thick armor and a massive tail club.
  • Euoplocephalus – A well-known North American ankylosaur with a large tail club, armored eyelids, and robust limbs.
  • Saichania – A heavily built ankylosaur from Mongolia, adapted to arid conditions.
  • Talarurus – A relatively small Mongolian ankylosaur with a clubbed tail and lighter armor than Ankylosaurus.'

Size Comparison

Pterosauria

Here are the estimated sizes for the listed pterosaur species:

Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea

Family: Dimorphodontidae

  • Dimorphodon macronyx – Wingspan: ~1.4 meters (4.6 feet), Body length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet) Early Jurassic (~195 Mya), England

Family: Eudimorphodontidae

  • Eudimorphodon ranzii – Wingspan: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Body length: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Italy

Family: Rhamphorhynchidae

  • Anurognathus ammoni – Wingspan: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Body length: ~0.2 meters (8 inches) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany
  • Rhamphorhynchus etchesi – Wingspan: ~1.8 meters (5.9 feet), Body length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), England
  • Scaphognathus crassirostris – Wingspan: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Body length: ~0.8 meters (2.6 feet) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany
  • Sordes pilosus – Wingspan: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Body length: ~0.4 meters (1.3 feet) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Kazakhstan

Suborder: Pterodactyloidea

Family: Dsungaripteridae

  • Dsungaripterus weii – Wingspan: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Body length: ~1.5 meters (4.9 feet) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China

Family: Pterodaustriidae

  • Arthurdactylus conandoylei – Wingspan: ~4.6 meters (15 feet), Body length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet) Early Cretaceous (~110 Mya), Brazil
  • Pterodaustro guinazui – Wingspan: ~2.5–3 meters (8.2–9.8 feet), Body length: ~1.2 meters (3.9 feet) Early Cretaceous (~105 Mya), Argentina

Family: Ornithocheiridae

  • Pteranodon sternbergi – Wingspan: ~7 meters (23 feet), Body length: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet) Late Cretaceous (~86–84 Mya), USA (Kansas)
  • Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni – Wingspan: ~10–14.50 meters (33–47.6 feet), Body length: ~6 meters (19.7 feet) Late Cretaceous (~70–66 Mya), USA (Texas)

Would you like additional details or comparisons with other flying reptiles?

Saurischia

Here are the estimated sizes for the listed theropod species:


Suborder: Theropoda (Carnivorous Dinosaurs)

Infraorder: Coelurosauria

Family: Podokesauridae
  • Coelophysis bauri – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~20 kg (44 lbs) Late Triassic (~225 Mya), USA (New Mexico)
  • Procompsognathus triassicus – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.4 meters (1.3 feet), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Germany
  • Saltopus elginensis – Length: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Height: ~0.25 meters (10 inches), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Late Triassic (~225 Mya), Scotland
Family: Coeluridae
  • Coelurus fragilis – Length: ~2.5 meters (8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~20 kg (44 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), USA (Western USA)
  • Moros intrepidus – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1.2 meters (4 feet), Weight: ~78 kg (172 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
Family: Compsognathidae
  • Compsognathus longipes – Length: ~1.4 meters (4.6 feet), Height: ~0.4 meters (1.3 feet), Weight: ~3 kg (6.6 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany, France
Family: Ornithomimidae
  • Dromiceiomimus samueli – Length: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
  • Gallimimus bullatus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~440 kg (970 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
  • Ornithomimus velox – Length: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
  • Struthiomimus altus – Length: ~4.3 meters (14 feet), Height: ~1.8 meters (6 feet), Weight: ~150 kg (330 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
Family: Deinocheiridae
  • Deinocheirus mirificus – Length: ~11 meters (36 feet), Height: ~3.6 meters (12 feet), Weight: ~6,000 kg (13,200 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
Family: Oviraptoridae
  • Oviraptor philoceratops – Length: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Height: ~0.8 meters (2.6 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia
Family: Therizinosauridae
  • Therizinosaurus cheloniformis – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~5 meters (16 feet), Weight: ~5,000 kg (11,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia

Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Deinonychosauria

Family: Saurornithoididae
  • Stenonychosaurus inequalis – Length: ~2.5 meters (8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~50 kg (110 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Troodon formosus – Length: ~2.4 meters (7.9 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~50 kg (110 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
Family: Dromaeosauridae
  • Bambiraptor feinbergi – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~2 kg (4.4 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Deinonychus antirrhopus – Length: ~3.4 meters (11 feet), Height: ~1.2 meters (4 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~115 Mya), North America
  • Dromaeosaurus albertensis – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Canada
  • Saurornitholestes sullivani – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.8 meters (2.6 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Velociraptor osmolskae – Length: ~2.1 meters (7 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia

Order: Archaeopterygiformes

  • Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi – Wingspan: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Body length: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany

Infraorder: Ceratosauria

Family: Ceratosauridae
  • Ceratosaurus nasicornis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~980 kg (2,160 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America, Europe
  • Dilophosaurus wetherilli – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~400 kg (880 lbs) Early Jurassic (~193 Mya), North America
  • Elaphrosaurus bambergi – Length: ~6.2 meters (20.3 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~210 kg (460 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Tanzania

Infraorder: Carnosauria

Family: Megalosauridae
  • Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Middle Jurassic (~165 Mya), England
  • Giganotosaurus carolinii – Length: ~15.5 meters (50.9 feet), Height: ~5.34 meters (17.5 feet), Weight: ~8,000 kg (17,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~98 Mya), Argentina
  • Poekilopleuron bucklandii – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) Early Jurassic (~190 Mya), England
  • Proceratosaurus bradleyi – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Jurassic (~160 Mya), England
Family: Allosauridae
  • Allosaurus europaeus – Length: ~12.01 meters (39.4 feet), Height: ~4.02 meters (13.2 feet), Weight: ~1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Europe, North America (USA)
  • Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~155 Mya), China
Family: Spinosauridae
  • Acrocanthosaurus atokensis – Length: ~11 meters (36 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~6,000 kg (13,200 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), North America
  • Spinosaurus aegyptiacus – Length: ~16 meters (52 feet), Height: ~5.5 meters (18 feet), Weight: ~7,000 kg (15,400 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~112 Mya), Africa
Family: Tyrannosauridae
  • Albertosaurus sarcophagus – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
  • Alioramus altai – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
  • Daspletosaurus horneri – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,800 kg (8,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Tarbosaurus bataar – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~5,000 kg (11,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
  • Tyrannosaurus Rex – Length: ~14.50 meters (47.6 feet), Height: ~6 meters (19.7 feet), Weight: ~8,000–9,000 kg (17,600–19,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~66 Mya), North America

Would you like further details on any of these?

Here are the estimated sizes for the listed species of Sauropodomorpha:


Suborder: Sauropodomorpha

Infraorder: Prosauropoda

Family: Herrerasauridae
  • Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~250 kg (550 lbs) Late Triassic (~230 Mya), Argentina
  • Sanjuansaurus gordilloi – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~70 kg (154 lbs) Late Triassic (~230 Mya), Argentina
  • Smurfette (La Schtroumpfette) – [User envisions Smurfette evolving from a Prosauropoda, but specific dimensions are unknown] Fictional character inspired by the Smurfs, potentially for creative and narrative use, but not a real dinosaur
  • Staurikosaurus pricei – Length: ~2.25 meters (7.4 feet), Height: ~0.75 meters (2.5 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Early Triassic (~225 Mya), Brazil
Family: Anchisauridae
  • Anchisaurus polyzelus – Length: ~2.4 meters (8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), North America
  • Efraasia minor – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Late Triassic (~215 Mya), Germany
  • Thecodontosaurus antiquus – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~25 kg (55 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), England
Family: Plateosauridae
  • Massospondylus kaalae – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~200 kg (440 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), South Africa
  • Mussaurus patagonicus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Argentina
  • Plateosaurus gracilis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~600 kg (1,300 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Europe
Family: Melanorosauridae
  • Riojasaurus incertus – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Argentina

Infraorder: Sauropoda

Family: Cetiosauridae
  • Barapasaurus tagorei – Length: ~14 meters (46 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~8,000 kg (17,600 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), India
  • Cetiosaurus oxoniensis – Length: ~15 meters (49 feet), Height: ~4.5 meters (15 feet), Weight: ~10,000 kg (22,000 lbs) Early Jurassic (~170 Mya), England
Family: Brachiosauridae
  • Brachiosaurus altithorax – Length: ~25 meters (82 feet), Height: ~16 meters (52.5 feet), Weight: ~56,000 kg (123,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~154 Mya), North America, Asia
  • Sauroposeidon proteles – Length: ~34 meters (112 feet), Height: ~18 meters (59 feet), Weight: ~60,000 kg (132,000 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~110 Mya), North America
Family: Camarasauridae
  • Camarasaurus supremus – Length: ~23 meters (75 feet), Height: ~9 meters (29.5 feet), Weight: ~47,000 kg (103,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Euhelopus zdanskyi – Length: ~15 meters (49 feet), Height: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Weight: ~15,000 kg (33,000 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China
  • Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~10,000 kg (22,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia
Family: Diplodocidae
  • Apatosaurus ajax – Length: ~27 meters (88.6 feet), Height: ~6 meters (19.7 feet), Weight: ~20,000 kg (44,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Dicraeosaurus sattleri – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~4,000 kg (8,800 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Tanzania
  • Diplodocus hallorum – Length: ~33 meters (108 feet), Height: ~5.95 meters (19.5 feet), Weight: ~25,000 kg (55,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum – Length: ~35 meters (115 feet), Height: ~17.85 meters (58.6 feet), Weight: ~50,000 kg (110,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), China
  • Supersaurus vivianae – Length: ~39–42 meters (128–138 feet), Height: ~21.5 meters (70.5 feet), Weight: ~50,000 kg (110,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
Family: Titanosauridae
  • Alamosaurus sanjuanensis – Length: ~30 meters (98 feet), Height: ~18.7 meters (61.4 feet), Weight: ~30,000 kg (66,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
  • Dreadnoughtus schrani – Length: ~26 meters (85 feet), Height: ~15.82 meters (51.9 feet), Weight: ~65,000 kg (143,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~77 Mya), South America
  • Saltasaurus loricatus – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~7,000 kg (15,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~80 Mya), South America

Would you like additional details or comparisons on any species?

Ornithischia

Here is the estimated size information for the species of Cerapoda:


Suborder: Cerapoda

Infraorder: Ornithopoda

Family: Fabrosauridae
  • Lesothosaurus diagnosticus – Length: ~1.2 meters (4 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1–2 kg (2–4 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), Lesotho
  • Scutellosaurus lawleri – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~10 kg (22 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), North America
Family: Heterodontosauridae
  • Echinodon becklesii – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), United Kingdom
  • Heterodontosaurus tucki – Length: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~3–4 kg (6.6–8.8 lbs) Early Jurassic (~190 Mya), South Africa
  • Pisanosaurus mertii – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~2 kg (4.4 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Argentina
Family: Hypsilophodontidae
  • Callovosaurus leedsi – Length: ~3 meters (9.8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~25 kg (55 lbs) Middle Jurassic (~165 Mya), United Kingdom
  • Dryosaurus elderae – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Hypsilophodon foxii – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet), Weight: ~10–15 kg (22–33 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
  • Nanosaurus agilis – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1–2 kg (2.2–4.4 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Parksosaurus warreni – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet), Weight: ~10 kg (22 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Thescelosaurus garbanii – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
Family: Iguanodontidae
  • Camptosaurus dispar – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~600 kg (1,300 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Iguanodon bernissartensis – Length: ~11.96 meters (39.2 feet), Height: ~4.26 meters (14 feet), Weight: ~3,500–5,000 kg (7,700–11,000 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), Belgium
  • Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500–600 kg (1,100–1,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
  • Muttaburrasaurus langdoni – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500–1,000 kg (1,100–2,200 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~110 Mya), Australia
  • Ouranosaurus nigeriensis – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~1,000–2,000 kg (2,200–4,400 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~120 Mya), Niger
  • Probactrosaurus gobiensis – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~300 kg (660 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~85 Mya), China
  • Tenontosaurus dossi – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), North America
Family: Hadrosauridae
  • Bactrosaurus johnsoni – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000–2,000 kg (2,200–4,400 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China
  • Corythosaurus casuarius – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~4,000 kg (8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Edmontosaurus regalis – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~3,500–4,000 kg (7,700–8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
  • Hadrosaurus foulkii – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,500–3,000 kg (5,500–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Hypacrosaurus stebingeri – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Kritosaurus navajovius – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Lambeosaurus magnicristatus – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~4,000 kg (8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Maiasaura peeblesorum – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,500–3,000 kg (5,500–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Olorotitan arharensis – Length: ~8 meters (26 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Russia
  • Parasaurolophus walkeri – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~2,500 kg (5,500 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Prosaurolophus maximus – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Saurolophus osborni – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America, Asia
  • Shantungosaurus giganteus – Length: ~15 meters (49 feet), Height: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Weight: ~8,000–10,000 kg (17,600–22,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), China
  • Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus – Length: ~8 meters (26 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~1,000–2,000 kg (2,200–4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), China

Infraorder: Ceratopia

Family: Pachycephalosauridae
  • Homalocephale calathocercos – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~50–70 kg (110–154 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~450–500 kg (990–1,100 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Prenocephale prenes – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Stegoceras validum – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~100–150 kg (220–330 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
Family: Psittacosauridae
  • Psittacosaurus meileyingensis – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~2–3 kg (4.4–6.6 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China
Family: Protoceratopidae
  • Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~20–30 kg (44–66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
  • Leptoceratops gracilis – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
  • Microceratus gobiensis – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1–2 kg (2.2–4.4 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
  • Montanoceratops cerorhynchus – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
  • Protoceratops hellenikorhinus – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~20–30 kg (44–66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia
Family: Ceratopidae
  • Anchiceratops ornatus – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Arrhinoceratops brachyops – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Centrosaurus apertus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Chasmosaurus belli – Length: ~5–6 meters (16–20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000–2,500 kg (4,400–5,500 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Nasutoceratops titusi – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai – Length: ~8.2 meters (26.3 feet), Height: ~4.10 meters (13.5 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Pentaceratops sternbergii – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~5.16 meters (16.9 feet), Weight: ~3,000–4,000 kg (6,600–8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Styracosaurus ovatus – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Torosaurus latus – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~5,000 kg (11,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Triceratops horridus – Length: ~8 meters (26 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~6,000–12,000 kg (13,200–26,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America

Let me know if you'd like further information or comparisons!

Here are the estimated sizes for the species in Thyreophora:


Suborder: Thyreophora

Infraorder: Stegosauria

Family: Huayangosauridae
  • Huayangosaurus taibaii – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Middle Jurassic (~165 Mya), China
  • Tuojiangosaurus multispinus – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~160 Mya), China
Family: Stegosauridae
  • Kentrosaurus aethiopicus – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~500–600 kg (1,100–1,300 lbs) Late Jurassic (~155 Mya), Tanzania
  • Stegosaurus stenops – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
  • Wuerhosaurus ordosensis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~120 Mya), China

Infraorder: Ankylosauria

Family: Scelidosauridae
  • Scelidosaurus harrisonii – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~500–600 kg (1,100–1,300 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), United Kingdom
Family: Nodosauridae
  • Hylaeosaurus armatus – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
  • Nodosaurus textilis – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,500–2,000 kg (3,300–4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Panoplosaurus mirus – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Polacanthus foxii – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
  • Sauropelta edwardsorum – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), North America
  • Silvisaurus condrayi – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), North America
  • Struthiosaurus transylvanicus – Length: ~3 meters (9.8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~300–400 kg (660–880 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Europe
Family: Ankylosauridae
  • Ankylosaurus magniventris – Length: ~9.6 meters (31.5 feet), Height: ~3.6 meters (11.8 feet), Weight: ~6,000–8,000 kg (13,200–17,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~68 Mya), North America
  • Euoplocephalus tutus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~3,000–4,000 kg (6,600–8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
  • Saichania chulsanensis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,500–3,000 kg (5,500–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia
  • Talarurus plicatospineus – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia

Let me know if you need more information on any of these species!

Pterosauria – Lords of the Ancient Skies: Chart Table

Clade Name Time Locality Size Comparison Diet Formation Geographical Geological
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Dimorphodontidae Dimorphodon macronyx Early Jurassic (190–180 Ma) Lyme Regis, England Wingspan ~4.6 ft (1.4 m); size of a large eagle Carnivore/Insectivore Blue Lias Formation Western Europe (England) Early Jurassic (Hettangian–Sinemurian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Eudimorphodontidae Eudimorphodon ranzii Late Triassic (210–200 Ma) Cene, Northern Italy Wingspan ~3.3 ft (1 m); size of a hawk Piscivore/Carnivore Zorzino Limestone Southern Europe (Italy) Late Triassic (Norian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae Anurognathus ammoni Late Jurassic (150–148 Ma) Solnhofen, Germany Wingspan ~1.6 ft (0.5 m); size of a small bat Insectivore Solnhofen Limestone Western Europe (Germany) Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae Rhamphorhynchus etchesi Late Jurassic (150–148 Ma) Kimmeridge, England; Solnhofen, Germany Wingspan ~5.9 ft (1.8 m); size of a large seagull Piscivore Kimmeridge Clay, Solnhofen Limestone Western Europe (England, Germany) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae Scaphognathus crassirostris Late Jurassic (150–148 Ma) Solnhofen, Germany Wingspan ~3 ft (0.9 m); size of a crow Carnivore/Insectivore Solnhofen Limestone Western Europe (Germany) Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae Sordes pilosus Late Jurassic (155–150 Ma) Karatau, Kazakhstan Wingspan ~2 ft (0.6 m); size of a small hawk Piscivore/Insectivore Karabastau Formation Central Asia (Kazakhstan) Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Dsungaripteridae Dsungaripterus weii Early Cretaceous (120–110 Ma) Junggar Basin, China Wingspan ~10–11.5 ft (3–3.5 m); size of a large albatross Carnivore/Molluscivore Lianmugin Formation East Asia (China) Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Pterodaustriidae Arthurdactylus conandoylei Early Cretaceous (125–120 Ma) Santana, Brazil Wingspan ~15 ft (4.6 m); size of a small plane Piscivore Santana Formation South America (Brazil) Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Pterodaustriidae Pterodaustro guinazui Early Cretaceous (105–100 Ma) San Luis, Argentina Wingspan ~8.2 ft (2.5 m); size of a large pelican Filter-feeder Lagarcito Formation South America (Argentina) Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Pterodactylidae Cearadactylus atrox Early Cretaceous (120–110 Ma) Santana, Brazil Wingspan ~16.5 ft (5 m); size of a small plane Piscivore Santana Formation South America (Brazil) Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Ornithocheiridae Pteranodon sternbergi Late Cretaceous (85–75 Ma) Western Interior Seaway, USA Wingspan ~20–23 ft (6–7 m); size of a hang glider Piscivore Niobrara Formation North America (Kansas, USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Ornithocheiridae Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma) Big Bend, Texas, USA Wingspan ~33–45.9 ft (10–14 m); size of a small airplane Carnivore/Scavenger Javelina Formation North America (Texas, USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Theropoda – The Predatory Elite: Chart Table

Clade Name Time Locality Size Comparison Diet Formation Geographical Geological
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Podokesauridae Coelophysis bauri Late Triassic (210–205 Ma) Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, USA ~9 ft (2.7 m) long; size of a large dog Carnivore Chinle Formation North America (USA) Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Podokesauridae Procompsognathus triassicus Late Triassic (210 Ma) Pfaffenheim, Germany ~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a chicken Carnivore/Insectivore Löwenstein Formation Western Europe (Germany) Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Podokesauridae Saltopus elginensis Late Triassic (230–225 Ma) Elgin, Scotland ~2 ft (0.6 m) long; size of a small cat Carnivore/Insectivore Lossiemouth Sandstone Western Europe (Scotland) Late Triassic (Carnian–Norian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Coeluridae Coelurus fragilis Late Jurassic (155–150 Ma) Morrison, Wyoming, USA ~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a wolf Carnivore Morrison Formation North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Coeluridae Moros intrepidus Late Cretaceous (96 Ma) Cedar Mountain, Utah, USA ~5 ft (1.5 m) long; size of a small dog Carnivore Cedar Mountain Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Compsognathidae Compsognathus longipes Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Solnhofen, Germany; Canjuers, France ~4.6 ft (1.4 m) long; size of a turkey Carnivore Solnhofen Limestone Western Europe (Germany, France) Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Compsognathidae Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis Early Cretaceous (125–120 Ma) Liaoning, China ~4 ft (1.2 m) long; size of a large chicken Carnivore Yixian Formation East Asia (China) Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae Dromiceiomimus samueli Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~12 ft (3.6 m) long; size of an ostrich Omnivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae Gallimimus bullatus Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Gobi Desert, Mongolia ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large ostrich Omnivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae Ornithomimus velox Late Cretaceous (75–65 Ma) Denver, Colorado, USA ~12 ft (3.6 m) long; size of an ostrich Omnivore Denver Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae Struthiomimus altus Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada; Lance, Wyoming, USA ~14 ft (4.3 m) long; size of an ostrich Omnivore Dinosaur Park Formation; Lance Formation North America (Canada, USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Deinocheiridae Deinocheirus mirificus Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Gobi Desert, Mongolia ~36 ft (11 m) long; size of a bus Omnivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Oviraptoridae Oviraptor philoceratops Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Djadokhta, Mongolia ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large turkey Omnivore Djadokhta Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Therizinosauridae Therizinosaurus cheloniformis Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Gobi Desert, Mongolia ~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large elephant Herbivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Saurornithoididae Stenonychosaurus inequalis Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a wolf Carnivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Saurornithoididae Troodon formosus Late Cretaceous (77–65 Ma) Hell Creek, Montana, USA ~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a wolf Carnivore/Omnivore Hell Creek Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae Bambiraptor feinbergi Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Two Medicine, Montana, USA ~3 ft (0.9 m) long; size of a small dog Carnivore Two Medicine Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae Deinonychus antirrhopus Early Cretaceous (115–108 Ma) Cloverly, Montana, USA ~11 ft (3.4 m) long; size of a large wolf Carnivore Cloverly Formation North America (USA) Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae Dromaeosaurus albertensis Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog Carnivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae Saurornitholestes sullivani Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog Carnivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae Velociraptor osmolskae Late Cretaceous (75–70 Ma) Djadokhta, Mongolia ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog Carnivore Djadokhta Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Archaeopterygiformes Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Solnhofen, Germany ~1.6 ft (0.5 m) long; size of a pigeon Carnivore/Insectivore Solnhofen Limestone Western Europe (Germany) Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Ceratosauria, Ceratosauridae Ceratosaurus nasicornis Late Jurassic (153–148 Ma) Morrison, Colorado, USA; Lourinhã, Portugal ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large alligator Carnivore Morrison Formation; Lourinhã Formation North America (USA); Western Europe (Portugal) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Ceratosauria, Ceratosauridae Dilophosaurus wetherilli Early Jurassic (193 Ma) Kayenta, Arizona, USA ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large alligator Carnivore Kayenta Formation North America (USA) Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Ceratosauria, Ceratosauridae Elaphrosaurus bambergi Late Jurassic (154 Ma) Tendaguru, Tanzania ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse Carnivore/Omnivore Tendaguru Formation East Africa (Tanzania) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis Late Jurassic (160 Ma) Oxford, England ~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large bear Carnivore Oxford Clay Formation Western Europe (England) Late Jurassic (Callovian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae Giganotosaurus carolinii Early Cretaceous (99–97 Ma) Candeleros, Argentina ~50.9 ft (15.5 m) long; size of a bus Carnivore Candeleros Formation South America (Argentina) Early Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae Poekilopleuron bucklandii Middle Jurassic (165 Ma) Normandy, France ~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large bear Carnivore Calcaire de Caen Formation Western Europe (France) Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae Proceratosaurus bradleyi Middle Jurassic (165 Ma) Minchinhampton, England ~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large wolf Carnivore Great Oolite Group Western Europe (England) Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Allosauridae Allosaurus europaeus Late Jurassic (150–145 Ma) Lourinhã, Portugal; Morrison, Colorado, USA ~39.4 ft (12 m) long; size of a large rhino Carnivore Lourinhã Formation;

Morrison Formation; Garden Park

Western Europe (Portugal);

North America (USA)

Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Allosauridae Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis Late Jurassic (160 Ma) Zigong, China ~26 ft (8 m) long; size of a large rhino Carnivore Shangshaximiao Formation East Asia (China) Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Spinosauridae Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Early Cretaceous (115–110 Ma) Antlers, Oklahoma, USA ~38 ft (11.5 m) long; size of a bus Carnivore Antlers Formation North America (USA) Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Spinosauridae Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Early Cretaceous (112–97 Ma) Bahariya, Egypt; Kem Kem, Morocco ~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a large bus Piscivore/Carnivore Bahariya Formation, Kem Kem Beds North Africa (Egypt, Morocco) Early Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae Albertosaurus sarcophagus Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Carnivore Horseshoe Canyon Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae Alioramus altai Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Mongolia ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large alligator Carnivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae Daspletosaurus horneri Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Two Medicine, Montana, USA ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Carnivore Two Medicine Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae Tarbosaurus bataar Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Mongolia ~40 ft (12.2 m) long; size of a large rhino Carnivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae Tyrannosaurus rex Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma) Hell Creek, Montana, Lance, Wyoming, USA ~45.9 ft (14 m) long; size of a bus Carnivore Hell Creek, Lance Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Sauropodomorpha – The Gentle Giants: Chart Table

Clade Name Time Locality Size Comparison Diet Formation Geographical Geological
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis Late Triassic (231 Ma) Ischigualasto, Argentina ~13–20 ft (4–6 m) long; size of a large crocodile Carnivore Ischigualasto Formation South America (Argentina) Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae Sanjuansaurus gordilloi Late Triassic (231 Ma) Ischigualasto, Argentina ~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large dog Carnivore Ischigualasto Formation South America (Argentina) Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae Smurfette (Hypothetical) Late Triassic (231–225 Ma); then 1981 Hypothetical, South America (Argentina or Brazil); Europe ~7-10 inch tall. Smurfette is the same size as other Smurfs. Carnivore/Omnivore Hypothetical (Ischigualasto or Santa Maria Formation); Smurfette's origin is unique among the Smurfs. South America (Argentina or Brazil);

Western Europe (Belgium; Smurf Village)

Late Triassic (Carnian–Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae Staurikosaurus pricei Late Triassic (225 Ma) Santa Maria, Brazil ~7 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog Carnivore Santa Maria Formation South America (Brazil) Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae Anchisaurus polyzelus Early Jurassic (190 Ma) Connecticut Valley, USA ~6–8 ft (1.8–2.4 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore/Omnivore Portland Formation North America (USA) Early Jurassic (Hettangian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae Efraasia minor Late Triassic (210 Ma) Stuttgart, Germany ~6.5 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore/Omnivore Löwenstein Formation Western Europe (Germany) Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae Eoraptor lunensis Late Triassic (231 Ma) Ischigualasto, Argentina ~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a small dog Omnivore Ischigualasto Formation South America (Argentina) Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae Thecodontosaurus antiquus Late Triassic (210 Ma) Bristol, England ~6.5 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Magnesian Conglomerate Western Europe (England) Late Triassic (Rhaetian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Plateosauridae Massospondylus kaalae Early Jurassic (200–183 Ma) Upper Karoo, South Africa ~13–20 ft (4–6 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Elliot Formation Southern Africa (South Africa) Early Jurassic (Hettangian–Pliensbachian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Plateosauridae Mussaurus patagonicus Late Triassic (215 Ma) El Tranquilo, Argentina ~10–20 ft (3–6 m) long; size of a horse (adults) Herbivore Laguna Colorada Formation South America (Argentina) Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Plateosauridae Plateosaurus gracilis Late Triassic (210 Ma) Trossingen, Germany ~16–26 ft (5–8 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Trossingen Formation Western Europe (Germany) Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Melanorosauridae Riojasaurus incertus Late Triassic (210 Ma) Los Colorados, Argentina ~33 ft (10 m) long; size of an elephant Herbivore Los Colorados Formation South America (Argentina) Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Cetiosauridae Barapasaurus tagorei Early Jurassic (183 Ma) Godavari Valley, India ~60 ft (18 m) long; size of a large bus Herbivore Kota Formation South Asia (India) Early Jurassic (Toarcian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Cetiosauridae Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Middle Jurassic (167 Ma) Oxfordshire, England ~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Oxford Clay Formation Western Europe (England) Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Brachiosauridae Brachiosaurus altithorax Late Jurassic (154–150 Ma) Morrison, Colorado, USA; Sichuan, China ~85 ft (26 m) long; size of a large airplane Herbivore Morrison Formation, Garden Park; Shishugou Formation North America (USA); East Asia (China) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Brachiosauridae Sauroposeidon proteles Early Cretaceous (112 Ma) Antlers, Oklahoma, USA ~100 ft (30 m) long; size of a jumbo jet Herbivore Antlers Formation North America (USA) Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Camarasauridae Camarasaurus supremus Late Jurassic (150–145 Ma) Morrison, Wyoming, Uinta Mountains, USA ~60 ft (18 m) long; size of a large bus Herbivore Morrison Formation; Dinosaur National Monument North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Camarasauridae Euhelopus zdanskyi Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Shandong, China ~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Mengyin Formation East Asia (China) Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Camarasauridae Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Mongolia ~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae Apatosaurus ajax Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Morrison, Colorado, Uinta Mountains, USA ~79.7 ft (24.3 m) long; size of a large trailer Herbivore Morrison Formation; Dinosaur National Monument North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae Dicraeosaurus sattleri Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Tendaguru, Tanzania ~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Tendaguru Formation East Africa (Tanzania) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae Diplodocus hallorum Late Jurassic (150–145 Ma) Morrison, New Mexico, Uinta Mountains, Colorado, USA ~95–110 ft (29–33.5 m) long; size of a jumbo jet Herbivore Morrison Formation; Dinosaur National Monument; Garden Park North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum Late Jurassic (160 Ma) Sichuan, China ~115 ft (35 m) long; size of a jumbo jet Herbivore Shishugou Formation East Asia (China) Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae Supersaurus vivianae Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Morrison, Colorado, USA ~108–131 ft (33–40 m) long; size of a jumbo jet Herbivore Morrison Formation North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Titanosauridae Alamosaurus sanjuanensis Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma) Ojo Alamo, New Mexico, USA ~70–100 ft (21–30 m) long; size of a large airplane Herbivore Ojo Alamo Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Titanosauridae Dreadnoughtus schrani Late Cretaceous (77 Ma) Cerro Fortaleza, Argentina ~85 ft (26 m) long; size of a large airplane Herbivore Cerro Fortaleza Formation South America (Argentina) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Titanosauridae Saltasaurus loricatus Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma) Lecho, Argentina ~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Lecho Formation South America (Argentina) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Cerapoda – Beaked, Horned, and Armored: Chart Table

Clade Name Time Locality Size Comparison Diet Formation Geographical Geological
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Fabrosauridae Lesothosaurus diagnosticus Early Jurassic (200 Ma) Upper Elliot, Lesotho ~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Upper Elliot Formation Southern Africa (Lesotho) Early Jurassic (Hettangian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Fabrosauridae Scutellosaurus lawleri Early Jurassic (196 Ma) Kayenta, Arizona, USA ~4 ft (1.2 m) long; size of a small dog Herbivore Kayenta Formation North America (USA) Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Heterodontosauridae Echinodon becklesii Early Cretaceous (140 Ma) Purbeck, England ~2 ft (0.6 m) long; size of a small cat Herbivore/Omnivore Purbeck Group Western Europe (England) Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Heterodontosauridae Heterodontosaurus tucki Early Jurassic (200 Ma) Upper Elliot, South Africa ~4 ft (1.2 m) long; size of a small dog Herbivore/Omnivore Upper Elliot Formation Southern Africa (South Africa) Early Jurassic (Hettangian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Heterodontosauridae Pisanosaurus mertii Late Triassic (228 Ma) Ischigualasto, Argentina ~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a small dog Herbivore Ischigualasto Formation South America (Argentina) Late Triassic (Carnian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae Callovosaurus leedsi Middle Jurassic (165 Ma) Oxford, England ~11.5 ft (3.5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Oxford Clay Formation Western Europe (England) Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae Dryosaurus elderae Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Morrison, Utah, USA ~8–10 ft (2.4–3 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Morrison Formation North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae Hypsilophodon foxii Early Cretaceous (125 Ma) Isle of Wight, England ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Wessex Formation Western Europe (England) Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae Nanosaurus agilis Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Morrison, Utah, USA ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Morrison Formation North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae Parksosaurus warreni Late Cretaceous (76–65 Ma) Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada ~8 ft (2.4 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Horseshoe Canyon Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae Thescelosaurus garbanii Late Cretaceous (66 Ma) Hell Creek, Montana, USA ~11–13 ft (3.4–4 m) long; size of a horse Herbivore Hell Creek Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae Camptosaurus dispar Late Jurassic (150 Ma) Morrison, Wyoming, USA ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Morrison Formation North America (USA) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae Iguanodon bernissartensis Early Cretaceous (125 Ma) Bernissart, Belgium ~43 ft (13 m) long; size of an elephant Herbivore Wealden Group Western Europe (Belgium, England) Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis Early Cretaceous (125 Ma) Isle of Wight, England ~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Wessex Formation Western Europe (England) Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae Muttaburrasaurus langdoni Early Cretaceous (110 Ma) Muttaburra, Australia ~26 ft (8 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Mackunda Formation Australia Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae Ouranosaurus nigeriensis Early Cretaceous (115 Ma) Gadoufaoua, Niger ~24 ft (7.3 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Elrhaz Formation North Africa (Niger) Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae Probactrosaurus gobiensis Early Cretaceous (110 Ma) Dashuigou, Gobi Desert, China ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Dashuigou Formation East Asia (China) Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae Tenontosaurus dossi Early Cretaceous (115 Ma) Cloverly, Montana, USA ~20–26 ft (6–8 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Cloverly Formation North America (USA) Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Bactrosaurus johnsoni Late Cretaceous (80 Ma) Iren Dabasu, China ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Iren Dabasu Formation East Asia (China) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Edmontosaurus regalis Late Cretaceous (73–65 Ma) Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada; Lance, Wyoming, USA ~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Horseshoe Canyon, Lance Formation North America (Canada, USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Hadrosaurus foulkii Late Cretaceous (80 Ma) Woodbury, New Jersey, USA ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Woodbury Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Kritosaurus navajovius Late Cretaceous (73 Ma) Kirtland, New Mexico, USA ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Kirtland Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Maiasaura peeblesorum Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Two Medicine, Montana, USA ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Two Medicine Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Prosaurolophus maximus Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~26 ft (8 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Saurolophus osborni Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada; Nemegt, Mongolia ~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Horseshoe Canyon, Nemegt Formations North America (Canada), East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) Shantungosaurus giganteus Late Cretaceous (78 Ma) Shandong, China ~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Wangshi Group East Asia (China) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) Corythosaurus casuarius Late Cretaceous (77 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada; Lance, Wyoming, USA ~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Dinosaur Park, Lance Formation North America (Canada, USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) Hypacrosaurus stebingeri Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Two Medicine, Montana, USA ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Two Medicine Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) Lambeosaurus magnicristatus Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) Olorotitan arharensis Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Kundur, Russia ~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Udurchukan Formation Eastern Europe (Russia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) Parasaurolophus walkeri Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus Late Cretaceous (78 Ma) Wangshi, Shandong, China ~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Wangshi Group East Asia (China) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae Homalocephale calathocercos Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Mongolia ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma) Hell Creek, Wyoming, USA ~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Hell Creek Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae Prenocephale prenes Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Nemegt, Mongolia ~7 ft (2.1 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Nemegt Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae Stegoceras validum Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Psittacosauridae Psittacosaurus meileyingensis Early Cretaceous (125 Ma) Yixian, Liaoning, China ~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Yixian Formation East Asia (China) Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi Late Cretaceous (80 Ma) Barun Goyot, Mongolia ~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a small dog Herbivore Barun Goyot Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae Leptoceratops gracilis Late Cretaceous (66 Ma) Hell Creek, Montana, USA ~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Hell Creek Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae Microceratus gobiensis Late Cretaceous (80 Ma) Minhe, Gobi Desert, Mongolia ~2 ft (0.6 m) long; size of a small cat Herbivore Minhe Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae Montanoceratops cerorhynchus Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) St. Mary River, Montana, USA ~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore St. Mary River Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae Protoceratops hellenikorhinus Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Djadokhta, Mongolia ~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Djadokhta Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled) Anchiceratops ornatus Late Cretaceous (73 Ma) Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada ~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Horseshoe Canyon Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled) Arrhinoceratops brachyops Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Horseshoe Canyon Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled) Chasmosaurus belli Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled) Pentaceratops sternbergii Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Kirtland, New Mexico, USA ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Kirtland Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled) Torosaurus latus Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma) Hell Creek, Montana, Laramie, Colorado, USA ~25 ft (7.6 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Hell Creek Formation; Laramie Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled) Triceratops horridus Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma) Hell Creek, Montana, Lance, Wyoming, USA ~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Hell Creek Formation, Lance Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled) Centrosaurus apertus Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled) Nasutoceratops titusi Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Kaiparowits, Utah, USA ~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Kaiparowits Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled) Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai Late Cretaceous (73–65 Ma) Wapiti, Alberta, Canada; Laramie, Colorado, USA ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Wapiti Formation; Laramie Formation North America (Canada, USA) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled) Styracosaurus ovatus Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~18 ft (5.5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

Thyreophora – The Armored Tanks: Chart Table

Clade Name Time Locality Size Comparison Diet Formation Geographical Geological
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Huayangosauridae Huayangosaurus taibaii Middle Jurassic (165 Ma) Zigong, Sichuan, China ~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Lower Shaximiao Formation East Asia (China) Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Huayangosauridae Tuojiangosaurus multispinus Late Jurassic (160 Ma) Zigong, Sichuan, China ~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Upper Shaximiao Formation East Asia (China) Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Stegosauridae Kentrosaurus aethiopicus Late Jurassic (155–150 Ma) Tendaguru, Tanzania ~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Tendaguru Formation East Africa (Tanzania) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Stegosauridae Stegosaurus stenops Late Jurassic (150–140 Ma) Morrison, Wyoming, Uinta Mountains, USA; Lourinhã, Portugal ~33.1 ft (10.1 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Morrison Formation; Dinosaur National Monument; Lourinhã Formation North America (USA), Western Europe (Portugal) Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Stegosauridae Wuerhosaurus ordosensis Early Cretaceous (125 Ma) Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, China ~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Ejinhoro Formation East Asia (China) Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Scelidosauridae Scelidosaurus harrisonii Early Jurassic (190 Ma) Charmouth, Dorset, England ~13 ft (4 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Charmouth Mudstone Formation Western Europe (England) Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae Hylaeosaurus armatus Early Cretaceous (135 Ma) Tilgate Forest, England ~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Grinstead Clay Formation Western Europe (England) Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae Nodosaurus textilis Late Cretaceous (100 Ma) Frontier, Wyoming, USA ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Frontier Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae Panoplosaurus mirus Late Cretaceous (76–65 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae Polacanthus foxii Early Cretaceous (125 Ma) Isle of Wight, England ~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Wessex Formation Western Europe (England) Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae Sauropelta edwardsorum Early Cretaceous (115 Ma) Cloverly, Montana, USA ~25 ft (7.6 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Cloverly Formation North America (USA) Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae Silvisaurus condrayi Late Cretaceous (95 Ma) Smoky Hill, Kansas, USA ~13 ft (4 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Dakota Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae Struthiosaurus transylvanicus Late Cretaceous (70 Ma) Hațeg Basin, Romania ~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large dog Herbivore Sânpetru Formation Eastern Europe (Romania) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae Ankylosaurus magniventris Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma) Hell Creek, Montana, USA ~31.5 ft (9.6 m) long; size of a bus Herbivore Hell Creek Formation North America (USA) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae Euoplocephalus tutus Late Cretaceous (76 Ma) Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Dinosaur Park Formation North America (Canada) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae Saichania chulsanensis Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Nemegt, Mongolia ~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino Herbivore Barun Goyot Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae Talarurus plicatospineus Late Cretaceous (75 Ma) Bayan Shiree, Mongolia ~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse Herbivore Bayan Shiree Formation East Asia (Mongolia) Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

Dinosaur and Pterosaur Classification Table

Join Thea Stilton, voiced by Sarah Edmondson, on a thrilling expedition through the ancient world of dinosaurs and pterosaurs! From soaring sky lords to earth-shaking giants, let’s uncover the secrets of these prehistoric marvels!

Name Means Classification Size Comparison Place Diet Details
Pterosauria – Lords of the Ancient Skies
Dimorphodon macronyx: "Two-form tooth, large claw" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Dimorphodontidae ~1 m wingspan, like a mighty eagle England, ~200–190 Mya (Late Triassic–Early Jurassic) Carnivore/Insectivore Thea’s log: Found in the Lias Group’s ancient seas, this pterosaur’s big head and sharp teeth were perfect for snatching insects or small prey. Its two types of teeth made it a Jurassic standout!
Eudimorphodon ranzii: "True two-form tooth" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Eudimorphodontidae ~1 m wingspan, like a swift hawk Italy, ~210 Mya (Late Triassic) Carnivore/Piscivore Thea’s log: Discovered in Zorzino Limestone, this flier’s needle-like teeth snagged fish from Triassic seas. A clue to early pterosaur diversity in Europe!
Anurognathus ammoni: "Tailless jaw" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae ~0.5 m wingspan, like a tiny bat Germany, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Insectivore Thea’s log: Darting through Solnhofen Limestone’s skies, this petite pterosaur gobbled insects like a modern bat. Its short tail was a rare trait!
Rhamphorhynchus etchesi: "Beak snout" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae ~1.8 m wingspan, like a soaring seagull England, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Piscivore Thea’s log: From Kimmeridge Clay, its long tail and sharp teeth helped it skim fish from the sea. Wing membranes in fossils reveal its flight secrets!
Scaphognathus crassirostris: "Boat jaw, thick snout" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae ~0.9 m wingspan, like a small hawk Germany, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore/Piscivore Thea’s log: Rare Solnhofen Limestone fossils show its robust jaw, perfect for snatching fish or small prey in Jurassic lagoons.
Sordes pilosus: "Hairy devil" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae ~1 m wingspan, like a large crow Kazakhstan, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Piscivore Thea’s log: Karabastau Formation’s lake deposits reveal fuzzy pterosaurs! This one scooped fish with its sharp beak, a hairy marvel of the skies.
Dsungaripterus weii: "Junggar wing" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Dsungaripteridae ~3 m wingspan, like an albatross China, ~120 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Piscivore/Carnivore Thea’s log: From Tugulu Group’s floodplains, its thick skull and curved beak cracked shells or caught fish. A tough flier in Asian skies!
Arthurdactylus conandoylei: "Arthur’s finger" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Pterodaustriidae ~4.6 m wingspan, like a small plane Brazil, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Piscivore Thea’s log: Santana Formation’s coastal lagoons were home to this large pterosaur, diving for fish with its sharp beak. A South American sky lord!
Pterodaustro guinazui: "Southern wing" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Pterodaustriidae ~2.5 m wingspan, like a flamingo Argentina, ~105 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Filter-feeder Thea’s log: Lagarcito Formation’s comb-toothed flier filter-fed like a flamingo, scooping tiny organisms from lakes. A Cretaceous marvel!
Cearadactylus atrox: "Ceará finger, fierce" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Pterodactylidae ~5 m wingspan, like a small aircraft Brazil, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Piscivore Thea’s log: Santana Formation’s fierce coastal predator, its large jaws snagged fish in Cretaceous seas. A true sky hunter!
Pteranodon sternbergi: "Toothless wing" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Ornithocheiridae ~6–7 m wingspan, like a hang glider USA, ~85 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Piscivore Thea’s log: Soaring over Niobrara Formation’s seas, its crest and toothless beak made it a master fish-catcher. An iconic sky lord!
Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni: "Feathered serpent god" Order: Pterosauria, Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Ornithocheiridae ~10–17 m wingspan, like a small plane USA, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore/Scavenger Thea’s log: Javelina Formation’s giant, one of the largest fliers ever, stalked prey or scavenged on land. Ruler of Late Cretaceous skies!
Theropoda – The Predatory Elite
Coelophysis bauri: "Hollow form" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Podokesauridae ~3 m long, like a small car USA, ~210 Mya (Late Triassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Chinle Formation’s nimble predator hunted small animals with sharp teeth and speedy legs. A Triassic trailblazer!
Procompsognathus triassicus: "Before elegant jaw" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Podokesauridae ~1 m long, like a large dog Germany, ~210 Mya (Late Triassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Löwenstein Formation’s speedy hunter chased lizards and insects in Triassic forests. A tiny terror!
Saltopus elginensis: "Hopping foot" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Podokesauridae ~0.6 m long, like a small cat Scotland, ~230 Mya (Late Triassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Lossiemouth Sandstone’s lightweight predator zipped after insects in arid landscapes. A hopping hunter!
Coelurus fragilis: "Hollow tail" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Coeluridae ~2 m long, like a motorcycle USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s slender predator hunted small prey with hollow bones for speed. A Jurassic sprinter!
Moros intrepidus: "Doom, fearless" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Coeluridae ~1.8 m long, like a large dog USA, ~96 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Cedar Mountain Formation’s bold hunter, bridging early and advanced coelurosaurs. Fearless indeed!
Compsognathus longipes: "Elegant jaw" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Compsognathidae ~1.4 m long, like a large turkey Germany, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Solnhofen Limestone’s petite predator ate lizards, with fossils showing gut contents. A dainty Jurassic hunter!
Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis: "Chinese lizard wing" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Compsognathidae ~1 m long, like a small dog China, ~125 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Yixian Formation’s feathered dinosaur, a key bird link, hunted in lake-filled forests. A feathery find!
Dromiceiomimus samueli: "Emu mimic" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~3.5 m long, like a small car Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Omnivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s ostrich-like sprinter ate plants and small animals in floodplains. Speedy and versatile!
Gallimimus bullatus: "Chicken mimic" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~6 m long, like a pickup truck Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Omnivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s long-necked runner foraged in river systems. A Cretaceous speedster!
Ornithomimus velox: "Bird mimic, swift" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~3.8 m long, like a small car USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Omnivore Thea’s log: Denver Formation’s fast runner ate plants and insects in plains. A swift bird mimic!
Struthiomimus altus: "Ostrich mimic, tall" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~4 m long, like a small van Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Omnivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s long-legged dinosaur fed opportunistically in floodplains. Tall and fast!
Deinocheirus mirificus: "Terrible hand" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Deinocheiridae ~11.5 m long, like a school bus Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Omnivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s bizarre, hump-backed giant with huge arms ate plants and fish. A strange discovery!
Oviraptor philoceratops: "Egg thief, horn lover" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Oviraptoridae ~2 m long, like a large dog Mongolia, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Omnivore Thea’s log: Djadochta Formation’s beaked dinosaur, wrongly called an egg thief, ate plants and small prey. A misunderstood marvel!
Therizinosaurus cheloniformis: "Scythe lizard, turtle form" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Therizinosauridae ~10 m long, like a school bus Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s odd theropod with massive claws pulled down vegetation. A plant-eating predator!
Stenonychosaurus inequalis: "Narrow claw lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Saurornithoididae ~2 m long, like a large dog Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s brainy predator hunted with sharp claws and keen senses. A smart stalker!
Troodon formosus: "Wounding tooth" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Saurornithoididae ~2.4 m long, like a small car USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Two Medicine Formation’s smart, possibly nocturnal hunter preyed on small animals. A clever Cretaceous carnivore!
Bambiraptor feinbergi: "Bambi thief" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~1 m long, like a small dog USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Two Medicine Formation’s feathered raptor, named for its small size, hunted with deadly precision. A tiny terror!
Deinonychus antirrhopus: "Terrible claw" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~3.4 m long, like a small car USA, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Cloverly Formation’s pack hunter used sickle-shaped claws to tackle larger prey. A fierce team player!
Dromaeosaurus albertensis: "Running lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s raptor had strong jaws for biting small dinosaurs. A swift predator!
Saurornitholestes sullivani: "Lizard-bird thief" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~1.8 m long, like a large dog USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Two Medicine Formation’s feathered raptor hunted small prey, a bird-like hunter!
Velociraptor osmolskae: "Swift thief" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog Mongolia, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Djadochta Formation’s desert dunes hosted this feathered predator, famous for its speed and sickle claws. A star hunter!
Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi: "Ancient wing" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Family: Archaeopterygidae ~0.5 m long, like a small bird Germany, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Solnhofen Limestone’s feathered fossils link dinosaurs to birds. It hunted insects in lagoon settings. A key discovery!
Ceratosaurus nasicornis: "Horned lizard, nose horn" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Ceratosauridae ~6 m long, like a small bus USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s horned predator hunted with blade-like teeth in floodplains. A fierce Jurassic hunter!
Dilophosaurus wetherilli: "Two-crested lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Ceratosauridae ~7 m long, like a small bus USA, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Kayenta Formation’s crested hunter preyed on smaller dinosaurs by ancient rivers. A flashy predator!
Elaphrosaurus bambergi: "Lightweight lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Ceratosauridae ~6 m long, like a small bus Tanzania, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Tendaguru Formation’s slender, fast predator chased smaller prey in African plains. A speedy hunter!
Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis: "Well-curved vertebra" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~7 m long, like a small bus England, ~160 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Oxford Clay’s coastal predator tackled large prey near Jurassic shores. A powerful hunter!
Giganotosaurus carolinii: "Giant southern lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~12–13 m long, like a large bus Argentina, ~100 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Candeleros Formation’s massive predator, rivaling T. rex, hunted sauropods in South America. A colossal carnivore!
Poekilopleuron bucklandii: "Varied rib" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~7 m long, like a small bus France, ~165 Mya (Middle Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Calcaire de Caen’s predator used strong jaws to take down prey in European forests. A Jurassic giant!
Proceratosaurus bradleyi: "Before horn lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~3 m long, like a small car England, ~165 Mya (Middle Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Great Oolite Group’s early tyrannosaur relative hunted small dinosaurs. A cunning predator!
Allosaurus europaeus: "Different lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Allosauridae ~12 m long, like a large van Portugal, USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Lourinhã, Morrison Formation’s top predator hunted sauropods with powerful bites in floodplains. A Jurassic titan!
Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis: "Yangchuan lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Allosauridae ~8 m long, like a large van China, ~160 Mya (Late Jurassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Shaximiao Formation’s Asian predator, like Allosaurus, hunted in forested floodplains. A fierce hunter!
Acrocanthosaurus atokensis: "High-spined lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Spinosauridae ~11 m long, like a school bus USA, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Antlers Formation’s sail-backed predator hunted large dinosaurs in North American plains. A towering terror!
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus: "Spine lizard, Egyptian" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Spinosauridae ~14–18 m long, like a double-decker bus Egypt, Morocco, ~95 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore/Piscivore Thea’s log: Kem Kem Beds’ sail-backed giant fished and hunted in river systems. A prehistoric powerhouse!
Albertosaurus sarcophagus: "Alberta lizard, flesh-eater" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~9 m long, like a large van Canada, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Horseshoe Canyon Formation’s T. rex cousin hunted hadrosaurs in floodplains. A fierce predator!
Alioramus altai: "Different branch" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~6 m long, like a small bus Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s slender tyrannosaur hunted in Asian river systems. A unique hunter!
Daspletosaurus horneri: "Frightful lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~9 m long, like a large van USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Two Medicine Formation’s robust predator took on large herbivores. A fearsome beast!
Tarbosaurus bataar: "Alarming lizard, hero" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~10 m long, like a school bus Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s Asian T. rex relative dominated river ecosystems. A mighty hunter!
Tyrannosaurus rex: "Tyrant lizard king" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda, Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~12–13 m long, like a large bus USA, ~68 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Carnivore Thea’s log: Hell Creek Formation’s apex predator crushed bones with massive jaws. The king of dinosaurs!
Sauropodomorpha – The Gentle Giants
Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis: "Herrera’s lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae ~4–6 m long, like a small bus Argentina, ~230 Mya (Late Triassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Ischigualasto Formation’s early dinosaur hunted smaller reptiles in arid plains. A Triassic pioneer!
Sanjuansaurus gordilloi: "San Juan lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae ~3 m long, like a small car Argentina, ~230 Mya (Late Triassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Ischigualasto Formation’s smaller predator chased prey in Triassic landscapes. A swift hunter!
Smurfette (Smurfs (2025)): "Little blue female" (Fictional) Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae ~0.19 m (7.5 inches), like a small doll (Fictional) Belgium (Fictional), 2025 (Modern) Omnivore (Fictional) Thea’s log: Not a dinosaur! This Smurfs 2025 movie character, voiced by Rihanna, leads a magical adventure to rescue Papa Smurf. A modern mystery in our dino files!
Staurikosaurus pricei: "Southern cross lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog Brazil, ~230 Mya (Late Triassic) Carnivore Thea’s log: Santa Maria Formation’s early predator hunted small animals in Triassic forests. A southern star!
Anchisaurus polyzelus: "Near lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog USA, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Portland Formation’s small plant-eater, an early sauropodomorph grazed North America. A gentle pioneer!
Efraasia minor: "Efraasia, small" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~2.5 m long, like a small car Germany, ~210 Mya (Late Triassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Löwenstein Formation’s early herbivore munched low vegetation in Triassic forests. A tiny titan!
Eoraptor lunensis: "Dawn thief" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~1 m long, like a small dog Argentina, ~230 Mya (Late Triassic) Omnivore Thea’s log: Ischigualasto Formation’s primitive dinosaur ate plants and small animals. An ancient adventurer!
Thecodontosaurus antiquus: "Socket-toothed lizard, ancient" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~2.5 m long, like a small car England, ~210 Mya (Late Triassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Magnesian Conglomerate’s early plant-eater grazed Triassic woodlands. A prehistoric forager!
Massospondylus kaalae: "Longer vertebra" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Plateosauridae ~4–6 m long, like a small bus South Africa, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Elliot Formation’s plant-eater roamed Jurassic plains, possibly rearing young in nests. A caring giant!
Mussaurus patagonicus: "Mouse lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Plateosauridae ~3 m long (juvenile), like a small car Argentina, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Laguna Colorada Formation’s juvenile fossils suggest larger adults grazed South America. A growing giant!
Plateosaurus gracilis: "Broad lizard, slender" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Plateosauridae ~5–8 m long, like a large van Germany, ~210 Mya (Late Triassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Löwenstein Formation’s common plant-eater browsed high vegetation with its long neck. A Triassic titan!
Riojasaurus incertus: "Rioja lizard, uncertain" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Melanorosauridae ~10 m long, like a school bus Argentina, ~210 Mya (Late Triassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Los Colorados Formation’s large herbivore, a step toward giant sauropods. A massive muncher!
Barapasaurus tagorei: "Big-legged lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Cetiosauridae ~14 m long, like a large bus India, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Kota Formation’s early sauropod grazed high trees in Jurassic Asia. A towering plant-eater!
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis: "Whale lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Cetiosauridae ~16 m long, like a double-decker bus England, ~165 Mya (Middle Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Oxford Clay’s massive plant-eater roamed Jurassic Europe, feasting on ferns. A gentle giant!
Brachiosaurus altithorax: "Arm lizard, high chest" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Brachiosauridae ~25 m long, like a train carriage USA, India, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison, Kota Formation’s towering giant reached treetops with its long neck. A skyscraping sauropod!
Sauroposeidon proteles: "Earthquake lizard, perfect" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Brachiosauridae ~28 m long, like a blue whale USA, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Antlers Formation’s colossal sauropod browsed high vegetation. An earth-shaking giant!
Camarasaurus supremus: "Chambered lizard, supreme" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Camarasauridae ~18 m long, like a large bus USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s common sauropod chewed tough plants with its boxy skull. A sturdy giant!
Euhelopus zdanskyi: "Good marsh foot" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Camarasauridae ~15 m long, like a double-decker bus China, ~120 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Mengyin Formation’s plant-eater thrived in Asian wetlands. A marsh-loving muncher!
Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii: "Rear hollow tail" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Camarasauridae ~12 m long, like a large van Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s sauropod grazed in river systems with a unique tail structure. A mysterious giant!
Apatosaurus ajax: "Deceptive lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~22 m long, like a train carriage USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s whip-tailed giant grazed floodplains with its long neck. A deceptive giant!
Dicraeosaurus sattleri: "Forked lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~12 m long, like a large van Tanzania, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Tendaguru Formation’s smaller sauropod fed on low plants in African plains. A compact giant!
Diplodocus hallorum: "Double beam" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~29.5 m long, like a train carriage USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s long-tailed sauropod may have used its whip-like tail as a weapon. A lengthy legend!
Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum: "Mamenchi lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~26 m long, like a blue whale China, ~160 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Shaximiao Formation’s long-necked giant reached high trees in Asian forests. A towering titan!
Supersaurus vivianae: "Super lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~34 m long, like a train USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s enormous sauropod, one of the longest dinosaurs known. A super-sized star!
Alamosaurus sanjuanensis: "Alamo lizard" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Titanosauridae ~20 m long, like a large bus USA, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Javelina Formation’s massive titanosaur roamed North American plains. A colossal grazer!
Dreadnoughtus schrani: "Fears nothing" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Titanosauridae ~26 m long, like a blue whale Argentina, ~80 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Cerro Fortaleza Formation’s giant, one of the heaviest dinosaurs, grazed South America. A fearless feeder!
Saltasaurus loricatus: "Salta lizard, armored" Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha, Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Titanosauridae ~12 m long, like a large van Argentina, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Lecho Formation’s armored titanosaur, its bony plates offered protection. A shielded giant!
Cerapoda – Beaked, Horned, and Armored
Lesothosaurus diagnosticus: "Lesotho lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Fabrosauridae ~1 m long, like a small dog Lesotho, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Elliot Formation’s small, agile plant-eater darted through African forests. A speedy grazer!
Scutellosaurus lawleri: "Little shield lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Fabrosauridae ~1.2 m long, like a large dog USA, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Kayenta Formation’s armored ornithopod had bony plates for early defense. A shielded sprinter!
Echinodon becklesii: "Spiny tooth" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Heterodontosauridae ~0.6 m long, like a small cat England, ~140 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Purbeck Group’s tiny plant-eater, its varied teeth suggest a mixed diet. A spiky surprise!
Heterodontosaurus tucki: "Different-toothed lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Heterodontosauridae ~1.2 m long, like a large dog South Africa, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Elliot Formation’s small dinosaur, its tusks may have been for display or defense. A toothy treasure!
Pisanosaurus mertii: "Pisano’s lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Heterodontosauridae ~1 m long, like a small dog Argentina, ~230 Mya (Late Triassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Ischigualasto Formation’s early ornithischian grazed in Triassic plains. An ancient herbivore!
Callovosaurus leedsi: "Callovian lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~2.5 m long, like a small car England, ~165 Mya (Middle Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Oxford Clay’s fast plant-eater roamed European forests. A Jurassic jogger!
Dryosaurus elderae: "Oak lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~3 m long, like a small car USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s agile herbivore fled predators in floodplains. A speedy plant-eater!
Hypsilophodon foxii: "High-ridge tooth" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~2 m long, like a large dog England, ~125 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Wessex Formation’s speedy plant-eater darted through Cretaceous forests. A nimble nibbler!
Nanosaurus agilis: "Dwarf lizard, agile" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~2 m long, like a large dog USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s small herbivore grazed in North American plains. A tiny trailblazer!
Parksosaurus warreni: "Park’s lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~2.5 m long, like a small car Canada, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Horseshoe Canyon Formation’s fast runner fed in Late Cretaceous floodplains. A speedy survivor!
Thescelosaurus garbanii: "Marvelous lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~3.5 m long, like a small car USA, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Hell Creek Formation’s sturdy plant-eater thrived in diverse ecosystems. A marvelous muncher!
Camptosaurus dispar: "Flexible lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~6 m long, like a small bus USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s early iguanodont grazed floodplains with strong jaws. A flexible feeder!
Iguanodon bernissartensis: "Iguana tooth" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~12 m long, like a large van Belgium, ~125 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Wealden Group’s large plant-eater, its thumb spikes may have been for defense. A spiky giant!
Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis: "Mantell’s lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~7 m long, like a small bus England, ~125 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Wealden Group’s agile herbivore roamed European forests. A nimble grazer!
Muttaburrasaurus langdoni: "Muttaburra lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~8 m long, like a large van Australia, ~100 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Allaru Mudstone’s plant-eater may have had a nasal crest for calls. A vocal veggie-eater!
Ouranosaurus nigeriensis: "Brave lizard, Niger" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~8 m long, like a large van Niger, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Elrhaz Formation’s sail-backed herbivore grazed in African river systems. A bold browser!
Probactrosaurus gobiensis: "Before horned lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~6 m long, like a small bus China, ~100 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dashuigou Formation’s early hadrosaur relative fed in Asian plains. A prehistoric pioneer!
Tenontosaurus dossi: "Sinew lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~7 m long, like a small bus USA, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Cloverly Formation’s sturdy plant-eater, often prey for Deinonychus. A tough grazer!
Bactrosaurus johnsoni: "Club lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~6 m long, like a small bus China, ~95 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Iren Dabasu Formation’s early hadrosaur grazed Asian plains. A duck-billed delight!
Edmontosaurus regalis: "Edmonton lizard, royal" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9 m long, like a large van Canada, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Horseshoe Canyon Formation’s duck-billed dinosaur grazed in herds. A royal roamer!
Hadrosaurus foulkii: "Bulky lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~8 m long, like a large van USA, ~80 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Woodbury Formation’s early hadrosaur fed in coastal plains. A bulky browser!
Kritosaurus navajovius: "Separated lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9 m long, like a large van USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Kirtland Formation’s duck-bill grazed North American plains. A herd hero!
Maiasaura peeblesorum: "Good mother lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9 m long, like a large van USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Two Medicine Formation’s nurturing hadrosaur cared for young in nests. A loving legend!
Prosaurolophus maximus: "Before crested lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9 m long, like a large van Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s duck-bill lived in large herds. A social superstar!
Saurolophus osborni: "Crested lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9 m long, like a large van Canada, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Horseshoe Canyon Formation’s crested hadrosaur grazed in floodplains. A crested champion!
Shantungosaurus giganteus: "Shandong lizard, giant" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~15 m long, like a double-decker bus China, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Xingezhuang Formation’s massive hadrosaur, one of the largest duck-bills. A giant grazer!
Corythosaurus casuarius: "Helmet lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~9 m long, like a large van Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s crested hadrosaur, its crest may have amplified calls. A vocal virtuoso!
Hypacrosaurus stebingeri: "Near highest lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~9 m long, like a large van USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Two Medicine Formation’s crested hadrosaur lived in North American plains. A high-flying herbivore!
Lambeosaurus magnicristatus: "Lambe’s lizard, large crest" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~9 m long, like a large van Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s crested hadrosaur, its large crest was for display. A flashy feeder!
Olorotitan arharensis: "Swan giant" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~8 m long, like a large van Russia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Udurchukan Formation’s crested hadrosaur grazed in Asian plains. A graceful giant!
Parasaurolophus walkeri: "Near crested lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~10.3 m long, like a large van Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s tube-crested hadrosaur produced loud calls. A musical marvel!
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus: "Qingdao lizard, spine nose" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~8 m long, like a large van China, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Jingangkou Formation’s crested hadrosaur thrived in Asian ecosystems. A spiky singer!
Homalocephale calathocercos: "Level head, horned tail" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s dome-headed dinosaur may have head-butted rivals. A tough competitor!
Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis: "Thick-headed lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~4.5 m long, like a small car USA, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Hell Creek Formation’s thick-skulled dinosaur likely used its dome for combat. A headstrong herbivore!
Prenocephale prenes: "Sloping head" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Nemegt Formation’s dome-headed dinosaur roamed Asian river systems. A sloped-skull star!
Stegoceras validum: "Roof horn, strong" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s small pachycephalosaur likely head-butted competitors. A sturdy striker!
Psittacosaurus meileyingensis: "Parrot lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Psittacosauridae ~2 m long, like a large dog China, ~120 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Yixian Formation’s beaked dinosaur munched plants with parrot-like jaws. A feathered friend!
Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi: "Small horned face" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~1.8 m long, like a large dog Mongolia, ~80 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Barun Goyot Formation’s small ceratopsian grazed in desert environments. A tiny titan!
Leptoceratops gracilis: "Slender horned face" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~2 m long, like a large dog USA, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Hell Creek Formation’s small ceratopsian fed in North American plains. A slender survivor!
Microceratus gobiensis: "Tiny horned" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~0.6 m long, like a small cat Mongolia, ~80 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Minhe Formation’s tiny ceratopsian darted through Asian plains. A pint-sized plant-eater!
Montanoceratops cerorhynchus: "Montana horned face" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~2.5 m long, like a small car USA, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: St. Mary River Formation’s small ceratopsian grazed in North America. A mountain muncher!
Protoceratops hellenikorhinus: "First horned face" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~2 m long, like a large dog Mongolia, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Djadochta Formation’s early ceratopsian lived in desert ecosystems. A prehistoric pioneer!
Anchiceratops ornatus: "Near horned face, ornate" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~5 m long, like a small car Canada, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Horseshoe Canyon Formation’s frilled ceratopsian, its horns were for display. An ornate herbivore!
Arrhinoceratops brachyops: "No nose horn face" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~6 m long, like a small bus Canada, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Horseshoe Canyon Formation’s frilled ceratopsian grazed in floodplains. A hornless hero!
Chasmosaurus belli: "Opening lizard, beautiful" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~5 m long, like a small car Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s large-frilled ceratopsian used its frill for display. A beautiful beast!
Pentaceratops sternbergii: "Five-horned face" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~6 m long, like a small bus USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Kirtland Formation’s ornate ceratopsian, its large frill was for show. A five-horned marvel!
Torosaurus latus: "Perforated lizard, wide" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~8 m long, like a large van USA, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Hell Creek Formation’s huge-frilled ceratopsian grazed North American plains. A wide-ranging warrior!
Triceratops horridus: "Three-horned face, rough" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~9 m long, like a large van USA, ~68 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Hell Creek Formation’s iconic ceratopsian fended off T. rex with horns and frill. A three-horned titan!
Centrosaurus apertus: "Pointed lizard, open" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~6 m long, like a small bus Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s horned dinosaur lived in herds with a nasal horn. A pointed protector!
Nasutoceratops titusi: "Big-nosed horned face" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~5 m long, like a small car USA, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Kaiparowits Formation’s unique ceratopsian, its bull-like horns were distinctive. A big-nosed battler!
Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai: "Thick-nosed lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~6 m long, like a small bus Canada, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Horseshoe Canyon Formation’s boss-nosed ceratopsian grazed in herds. A thick-nosed titan!
Styracosaurus ovatus: "Spiked lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda, Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~5 m long, like a small car Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s spiky-frilled ceratopsian, its horns were for display. A spiky spectacle!
Thyreophora – The Armored Tanks
Huayangosaurus taibaii: "Huayang lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Huayangosauridae ~4 m long, like a small car China, ~165 Mya (Middle Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Shaximiao Formation’s early stegosaur, its plates and spikes offered defense. An armored adventurer!
Tuojiangosaurus multispinus: "Tuo River lizard, many spines" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Huayangosauridae ~7 m long, like a small bus China, ~160 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Shaximiao Formation’s plated dinosaur grazed Asian forests with tail spikes. A spiny survivor!
Kentrosaurus aethiopicus: "Spiked lizard, African" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Stegosauridae ~4.5 m long, like a small car Tanzania, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Tendaguru Formation’s spiky stegosaur defended itself with tail spikes. An African armored star!
Stegosaurus stenops: "Roof lizard, narrow" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Stegosauridae ~9.6 m long, like a large van USA, ~150 Mya (Late Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Morrison Formation’s iconic stegosaur, its plates may have been for display. A plated powerhouse!
Wuerhosaurus ordosensis: "Wuerho lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Stegosauridae ~7 m long, like a small bus China, ~120 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Ejinhoro Formation’s late stegosaur grazed in Asian plains. A lasting legend!
Scelidosaurus harrisonii: "Limb lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Scelidosauridae ~4 m long, like a small car England, ~190 Mya (Early Jurassic) Herbivore Thea’s log: Charmouth Mudstone’s early armored dinosaur had bony scutes for protection. An early tank!
Hylaeosaurus armatus: "Forest lizard, armored" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~5 m long, like a small car England, ~130 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Wealden Group’s armored dinosaur grazed in European forests. A forest fortress!
Nodosaurus textilis: "Knobbed lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~6 m long, like a small bus USA, ~80 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Frontier Formation’s nodosaur, its armor protected it from predators. A knobbed knight!
Panoplosaurus mirus: "Fully armored lizard, wonderful" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~5 m long, like a small car Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s heavily armored nodosaur grazed in floodplains. A wonderful warrior!
Polacanthus foxii: "Many spines" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~5 m long, like a small car England, ~125 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Wessex Formation’s spiky nodosaur defended itself in European forests. A spiny sentinel!
Sauropelta edwardsorum: "Lizard shield" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~5 m long, like a small car USA, ~110 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Cloverly Formation’s armored nodosaur grazed in North American plains. A shielded survivor!
Silvisaurus condrayi: "Forest lizard" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~4 m long, like a small car USA, ~100 Mya (Early Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dakota Formation’s armored dinosaur lived in forested plains. A forest fortress!
Struthiosaurus transylvanicus: "Ostrich lizard, Transylvanian" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~4 m long, like a small car Romania, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Sânpetru Formation’s small nodosaur grazed in European islands. A Transylvanian tank!
Ankylosaurus magniventris: "Fused lizard, large belly" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~6–11 m long, like a large van USA, ~68 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Hell Creek Formation’s tank-like dinosaur, its tail club smashed predators. An armored avenger!
Euoplocephalus tutus: "Well-armored head" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~6 m long, like a small bus Canada, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Dinosaur Park Formation’s armored giant used its club for defense. A headstrong hero!
Saichania chulsanensis: "Beautiful one" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~6 m long, like a small bus Mongolia, ~70 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Barun Goyot Formation’s desert-dwelling ankylosaur, heavily armored. A beautiful battler!
Talarurus plicatospineus: "Basket tail, folded spine" Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora, Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~5 m long, like a small car Mongolia, ~75 Mya (Late Cretaceous) Herbivore Thea’s log: Bayan Shireh Formation’s armored dinosaur, its tail club was a weapon. A spiky superstar!

Legend Quest: Masters of Myth – A Gallery of Dinosaurs & Other Early Reptiles

Narrator and Main Character

Teodora Villavicencio (voiced by Annemarie Blanco) narrates and leads the adventure with her bold, witty, and courageous style. She guides her team—Jenny, Brad, and Tuck—through a thrilling encounter with prehistoric creatures infused with a mythical, supernatural edge, as is typical in Legend Quest.

Main Cast

  • Teodora Villavicencio - Annemarie Blanco
  • Jenny - Janice Kawaye
  • Brad - Chad Doreck
  • Tuck - Audrey Wasilewski

Transcript Quote

Teodora (Narrating):

"Alright, amigos, buckle up! We’re not just dealing with your average T-Rex or flying lizard today. These dinos? They’ve got this creepy, magical vibe, like they’re straight out of some ancient curse. Picture this: a Quetzalcoatlus swooping down with wings wider than my house, or a Triceratops that’s glowing with some freaky runes. Jenny’s freaking out, Brad’s trying to ‘befriend’ a Velociraptor—bad idea—and Tuck’s just… being Tuck. My phone’s picking up some serious supernatural signals, so it’s time to kick these prehistoric monsters back to the Jurassic. ¡Vamos a salvar el día!"

Prehistoric Creatures Chart

Below are detailed charts for each group of prehistoric creatures, organized by their updated taxonomic classifications within Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Sauropsida. Each chart includes Name Means, Classification, Size Comparison, Place, Diet, and Details. The classifications reflect the provided taxonomy, with corrections for accuracy and consistency.

🦅 Pterosauria – Lords of the Ancient Skies

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Sauropsida, Order: Pterosauria

Name Name Means Classification Size Comparison Place Diet Details
Dimorphodon macronyx Two-form tooth Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Dimorphodontidae Wingspan ~1.2m, like a large eagle Europe (England) Carnivore/Insectivore Large head, two types of teeth, hunted small prey.
Eudimorphodon ranzii True two-form tooth Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Eudimorphodontidae Wingspan ~1m, like a hawk Europe (Italy) Piscivore/Carnivore Sharp teeth, likely ate fish or small animals.
Anurognathus ammoni Tailless jaw Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae Wingspan ~0.5m, like a sparrow Europe (Germany) Insectivore Tiny, bat-like, caught insects in flight.
Rhamphorhynchus etches Beak snout Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae Wingspan ~1.8m, like a pelican Europe (Germany, England) Piscivore Long tail, needle-like teeth for fish.
Scaphognathus crassirostris Boat jaw Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae Wingspan ~1m, like a seagull Europe (Germany) Carnivore Robust jaw, preyed on small vertebrates.
Sordes pilosus Hairy demon Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea, Family: Rhamphorhynchidae Wingspan ~0.6m, like a pigeon Asia (Kazakhstan) Insectivore/Carnivore Had hair-like pycnofibers.
Dsungaripterus weii Dsungari wing Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Dsungaripteridae Wingspan ~3m, like a condor Asia (China) Carnivore Strong jaws, crushed shellfish or small prey.
Arthurdactylus conandoylei Arthur’s finger Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Pterodaustriidae Wingspan ~4.6m, like a small plane South America (Brazil) Piscivore Skimmed water for fish.
Pterodaustro guinazui Southern wing Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Pterodaustriidae Wingspan ~2.5m, like a flamingo South America (Argentina) Filter-feeder Comb-like teeth for filtering organisms.
Cearadactylus atrox Fierce Ceará wing Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Pterodactylidae Wingspan ~4m, like a large albatross South America (Brazil) Piscivore Sharp teeth, caught fish.
Pteranodon sternbergi Toothless wing Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Ornithocheiridae Wingspan ~6m, like a hang glider North America (USA) Piscivore Crested, likely used for display or flight.
Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni Feathered serpent god Suborder: Pterodactyloidea, Family: Ornithocheiridae Wingspan ~14m, like a small plane North America (USA) Carnivore/Scavenger Largest flying animal, possibly foraged on ground.

🦖 Theropoda – The Predatory Elite

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Sauropsida, Subclass: Diapsida, Infraclass: Archosauromorpha, Superorder: Dinosauria, Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Theropoda

Name Name Means Classification Size Comparison Place Diet Details
Coelophysis bauri Hollow form Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Podokesauridae ~3m long, like a wolf North America (USA) Carnivore Small, agile, hunted small animals.
Procompsognathus triassicus Before elegant jaw Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Podokesauridae ~1m long, like a cat Europe (Germany) Carnivore/Insectivore Tiny, ate insects and small vertebrates.
Saltopus elginensis Leaping foot Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Podokesauridae ~0.6m long, like a small dog Europe (Scotland) Carnivore/Insectivore Small, fast runner.
Ceratosaurus nasicornis Horned lizard Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Ceratosauridae ~6m long, like a bear North America (USA) Carnivore Nasal horn, hunted medium-sized prey.
Dilophosaurus wetherilli Two-crested lizard Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Ceratosauridae ~6m long, like a bear North America (USA) Carnivore Double crests, likely for display.
Elaphrosaurus bambergi Light lizard Infraorder: Ceratosauria, Family: Ceratosauridae ~6m long, like a horse Africa (Tanzania) Carnivore Slender, fast-moving predator.
Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis Well-curved vertebra Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros Europe (England) Carnivore Coastal predator, medium-sized.
Giganotosaurus carolinii Giant southern lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~14m long, like a bus South America (Argentina) Carnivore Rivaled T-Rex in size, apex predator.
Poekilopleuron bucklandii Varied rib Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros Europe (France) Carnivore Hunted medium-sized prey.
Proceratosaurus bradleyi Before Ceratosaurus Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Megalosauridae ~3m long, like a wolf Europe (England) Carnivore Early tyrannosaur relative, small crest.
Allosaurus europaeus Different lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Allosauridae ~11.5m long, like an elephant Europe (Portugal), North America (USA) Carnivore Agile, hunted sauropods.
Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis Zigong lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Allosauridae ~8m long, like an elephant Asia (China) Carnivore Dominant predator, similar to Allosaurus.
Acrocanthosaurus atokensis High-spined lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Spinosauridae ~11m long, like a bus North America (USA) Carnivore Spinal ridge, apex predator.
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spine lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Spinosauridae ~15m long, like a bus Africa (Egypt, Morocco) Carnivore/Piscivore Sailed back, likely swam and ate fish.
Albertosaurus sarcophagus Alberta lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~9m long, like an elephant North America (Canada) Carnivore Fast hunter, smaller T-Rex relative.
Alioramus altai Different branch Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~6m long, like a bear Asia (Mongolia) Carnivore Slender, horn-like crests.
Daspletosaurus horneri Frightful lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~9m long, like an elephant North America (USA, Canada) Carnivore Robust, hunted hadrosaurs.
Tarbosaurus bataar Alarming lizard Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~10m long, like a bus Asia (Mongolia) Carnivore Asian T-Rex cousin, apex predator.
Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrant lizard king Infraorder: Carnosauria, Family: Tyrannosauridae ~13m long, like a bus North America (USA) Carnivore Massive bite force, iconic predator.
Coelurus fragilis Hollow tail Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Coeluridae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (USA) Carnivore Small, lightly built theropod.
Moros intrepidus Doom fearless Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Coeluridae ~1.5m long, like a turkey North America (USA) Carnivore Early tyrannosaur ancestor, agile.
Compsognathus longipes Elegant jaw Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Compsognathidae ~1m long, like a chicken Europe (Germany, France) Carnivore Tiny, ate small prey.
Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis Chinese lizard wing Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Compsognathidae ~1m long, like a chicken Asia (China) Carnivore First dinosaur with feather-like structures.
Dromiceiomimus samueli Emu mimic Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~3.5m long, like a horse North America (Canada) Omnivore Long arms, foraged plants and animals.
Gallimimus bullatus Chicken mimic Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~6m long, like a giraffe Asia (Mongolia) Omnivore Fastest ornithomimid, bird-like.
Ornithomimus velox Bird mimic Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~4m long, like a horse North America (USA) Omnivore Feathered, ostrich-like.
Struthiomimus altus Ostrich mimic Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Ornithomimidae ~4m long, like a horse North America (USA, Canada) Omnivore Long legs, sprinting dinosaur.
Deinocheirus mirificus Terrible hand Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Deinocheiridae ~11m long, like a bus Asia (Mongolia) Omnivore Massive arms, foraged plants and fish.
Oviraptor philoceratops Egg thief Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Oviraptoridae ~2m long, like a large dog Asia (Mongolia) Omnivore Beaked, likely ate eggs or plants.
Therizinosaurus cheloniformis Scythe lizard Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Therizinosauridae ~10m long, like a bus Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Massive claws, for defense or foraging.
Stenonychosaurus inequalis Narrow claw lizard Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Saurornithoididae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (Canada) Carnivore Brainy, possibly hunted in packs.
Troodon formosus Wounding tooth Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Family: Saurornithoididae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (USA, Canada) Carnivore Intelligent, nocturnal hunter.
Bambiraptor feinbergi Bambi thief Infraorder: Deinonychosauria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~1m long, like a turkey North America (USA) Carnivore Small, feathered, agile hunter.
Deinonychus antirrhopus Terrible claw Infraorder: Deinonychosauria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~3m long, like a wolf North America (USA) Carnivore Pack hunter, large sickle claws.
Dromaeosaurus albertensis Running lizard Infraorder: Deinonychosauria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (Canada) Carnivore Robust, likely ambushed prey.
Saurornitholestes sullivani Lizard-bird thief Infraorder: Deinonychosauria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (USA, Canada) Carnivore Feathered, agile predator.
Velociraptor osmolskae Swift thief Infraorder: Deinonychosauria, Family: Dromaeosauridae ~2m long, like a large dog Asia (Mongolia) Carnivore Feathered, pack-hunting raptor.
Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi Ancient wing Family: Archaeopterygidae ~0.5m long, like a pigeon Europe (Germany) Carnivore/Insectivore Transitional species, feathers and teeth.

🦕 Sauropodomorpha – The Gentle Giants

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Sauropsida, Subclass: Diapsida, Infraclass: Archosauromorpha, Superorder: Dinosauria, Order: Saurischia, Suborder: Sauropodomorpha

Name Name Means Classification Size Comparison Place Diet Details
Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis Herrera’s lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae ~4m long, like a horse South America (Argentina) Carnivore Early dinosaur, possibly theropod relative.
Sanjuansaurus gordilloi San Juan lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae ~3m long, like a wolf South America (Argentina) Carnivore Small, bipedal predator.
Smurfette smurfensis (Fictional name) Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae 7.5 inches tall like a 3 apple high Europe (Belgium) Herbivore/Smurfberries Erroneous entry, from Smurfs series, not a dinosaur.
Staurikosaurus pricei Southern cross lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Herrerasauridae ~2m long, like a large dog South America (Brazil) Carnivore Small, early bipedal predator.
Anchisaurus polyzelus Near lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (USA) Omnivore Small, possibly bipedal sauropodomorph.
Efraasia minor Efraas’ small Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~2.5m long, like a horse Europe (Germany) Herbivore Small, early plant-eater.
Eoraptor lunensis Dawn thief Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~1m long, like a cat South America (Argentina) Omnivore One of the earliest dinosaurs, agile.
Thecodontosaurus antiquus Socket-tooth lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Anchisauridae ~2m long, like a large dog Europe (England) Herbivore Early sauropodomorph, likely bipedal.
Massospondylus kaalae Massive vertebra Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Plateosauridae ~4m long, like a horse Africa (South Africa) Herbivore Bipedal or quadrupedal, ate plants.
Mussaurus patagonicus Mouse lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Plateosauridae ~3m long, like a wolf South America (Argentina) Herbivore Juveniles tiny, adults larger, plant-eaters.
Plateosaurus gracilis Flat lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Plateosauridae ~6m long, like a rhinoceros Europe (Germany) Herbivore Common prosauropod, likely lived in herds.
Riojasaurus incertus Rioja lizard Infraorder: Prosauropoda, Family: Melanorosauridae ~10m long, like an elephant South America (Argentina) Herbivore Large, quadrupedal sauropodomorph.
Barapasaurus tagorei Big leg lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Cetiosauridae ~14m long, like a bus Asia (India) Herbivore Early sauropod, long neck for high browsing.
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Whale lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Cetiosauridae ~16m long, like a bus Europe (England) Herbivore Bulky sauropod, long tail.
Brachiosaurus altithorax Arm lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Brachiosauridae ~25m long, like a large whale North America (USA); India Herbivore Towering, long arms for high browsing.
Sauroposeidon proteles Lizard Poseidon Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Brachiosauridae ~28m long, like a large whale North America (USA) Herbivore One of the tallest dinosaurs.
Camarasaurus supremus Chambered lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Camarasauridae ~18m long, like a bus North America (USA) Herbivore Robust, short-necked sauropod.
Euhelopus zdanskyi Good marsh foot Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Camarasauridae ~15m long, like a bus Asia (China) Herbivore Long-necked, lived near water.
Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii Rear hollow tail Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Camarasauridae ~12m long, like a bus Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Unique tail, possibly defensive.
Apatosaurus ajax Deceptive lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~24m long, like a large whale North America (USA) Herbivore Long tail, whip-like, grazed low plants.
Dicraeosaurus sattleri Forked lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~12m long, like a bus Africa (Tanzania) Herbivore Short-necked, ate low plants.
Diplodocus hallorum Double beam Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~29m long, like a large whale North America (USA) Herbivore Long tail, likely lived in herds.
Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum Mamenchi lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~35m long, like a large whale Asia (China) Herbivore Extremely long neck, one of longest dinosaurs.
Supersaurus vivianae Super lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Diplodocidae ~34m long, like a large whale North America (USA) Herbivore Massive, long tail and neck.
Alamosaurus sanjuanensis Alamo lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Titanosauridae ~30m long, like a large whale North America (USA) Herbivore Late Cretaceous titan, lived in herds.
Dreadnoughtus schrani Fears nothing Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Titanosauridae ~26m long, like a large whale South America (Argentina) Herbivore One of the heaviest dinosaurs.
Saltasaurus loricatus Salta lizard Infraorder: Sauropoda, Family: Titanosauridae ~12m long, like a bus South America (Argentina) Herbivore Armored titan with bony plates.

🦴 Cerapoda – Beaked, Horned, and Armored

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Sauropsida, Subclass: Diapsida, Infraclass: Archosauromorpha, Superorder: Dinosauria, Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Cerapoda

Name Name Means Classification Size Comparison Place Diet Details
Lesothosaurus diagnosticus Lesotho lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Fabrosauridae ~1m long, like a cat Africa (Lesotho) Herbivore Small, early ornithischian, bipedal.
Scutellosaurus lawleri Little shield lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Fabrosauridae ~1.2m long, like a cat North America (USA) Herbivore Armored with small bony plates.
Echinodon becklesii Spiny tooth Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Heterodontosauridae ~0.6m long, like a small dog Europe (England) Herbivore Canine-like teeth, possibly omnivorous.
Heterodontosaurus tucki Different-tooth lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Heterodontosauridae ~1m long, like a cat Africa (South Africa) Herbivore Multiple tooth types, ate tough plants.
Pisanosaurus mertii Pisano’s lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Heterodontosauridae ~1m long, like a cat South America (Argentina) Herbivore Early ornithischian, possibly transitional.
Callovosaurus leedsi Callovian lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~3m long, like a horse Europe (England) Herbivore Ate low plants, medium-sized.
Dryosaurus elderae Tree lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~3m long, like a horse North America (USA) Herbivore Fast, bipedal plant-eater.
Hypsilophodon foxii High-ridge tooth Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~2m long, like a large dog Europe (England) Herbivore Agile, bipedal plant-eater.
Nanosaurus agilis Dwarf lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~1m long, like a cat North America (USA) Herbivore Tiny, fast ornithopod.
Parksosaurus warreni Parks’ lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (Canada) Herbivore Lived in forested areas.
Thescelosaurus garbanii Wondrous lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hypsilophodontidae ~3m long, like a horse North America (USA) Herbivore Robust, possibly had a large heart.
Camptosaurus dispar Bent lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~6m long, like a rhinoceros North America (USA) Herbivore Early iguanodont, bipedal/quadrupedal.
Iguanodon bernissartensis Iguana tooth Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~11.5m long, like an elephant Europe (Belgium, England) Herbivore Thumb spikes, grazed plants.
Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis Mantell’s lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros Europe (England) Herbivore Smaller, agile iguanodont.
Muttaburrasaurus langdoni Muttaburra lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~8m long, like an elephant Australia Herbivore Nasal crest, possibly for vocalization.
Ouranosaurus nigeriensis Brave lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros Africa (Niger) Herbivore Sail-like back, likely for display.
Probactrosaurus gobiensis Before Bactrosaurus Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~6m long, like a rhinoceros Asia (China) Herbivore Early hadrosaur relative.
Tenontosaurus dossi Sinew lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Iguanodontidae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros North America (USA) Herbivore Long tail, often found with Deinonychus fossils.
Bactrosaurus johnsoni Club lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~6m long, like a rhinoceros Asia (China) Herbivore Early hadrosaur, lived in herds.
Edmontosaurus regalis Edmonton lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~12.5m long, like a bus North America (Canada) Herbivore Flat-headed hadrosaur, grazed plants.
Hadrosaurus foulkii Bulky lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (USA) Herbivore First named hadrosaur, coastal dweller.
Kritosaurus navajovius Separated lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (USA) Herbivore Nasal hump, possibly for display.
Maiasaura peeblesorum Good mother lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (USA) Herbivore Known for nesting, cared for young.
Prosaurolophus maximus Before Saurolophus Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (Canada) Herbivore Small crest, likely vocalized.
Saurolophus osborni Crested lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~10m long, like a bus North America (Canada) Herbivore Long crest, sound amplification.
Shantungosaurus giganteus Shandong lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae) ~18m long, like a bus Asia (China) Herbivore Largest hadrosaur, lived in herds.
Corythosaurus casuarius Helmet lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (Canada) Herbivore Large crest, for sound or display.
Hypacrosaurus stebingeri Near highest lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (USA, Canada) Herbivore Tall crest, for communication.
Lambeosaurus magnicristatus Lambe’s lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (Canada) Herbivore Hatchet-shaped crest.
Olorotitan arharensis Swan titan Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~8m long, like an elephant Asia (Russia) Herbivore Large crest, well-preserved fossils.
Parasaurolophus walkeri Near crested lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~10m long, like a bus North America (USA, Canada) Herbivore Long, tube-like crest for sound.
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus Qingdao lizard Infraorder: Ornithopoda, Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae) ~8m long, like an elephant Asia (China) Herbivore Forward-leaning crest, for display.
Homalocephale calathocercos Level head Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~2m long, like a large dog Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Flat-headed, possibly head-butted.
Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis Thick-headed lizard Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~4m long, like a horse North America (USA) Herbivore Thick skull, likely for head-butting.
Prenocephale prenes Sloping head Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~2m long, like a large dog Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Rounded skull, for display or combat.
Stegoceras validum Roof horn Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Pachycephalosauridae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (Canada) Herbivore Dome-headed, agile dinosaur.
Psittacosaurus meileyingensis Parrot lizard Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Psittacosauridae ~2m long, like a large dog Asia (China) Herbivore Beaked, early ceratopsian, possibly bipedal.
Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi Small horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~1m long, like a cat Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Small, early ceratopsian, small frill.
Leptoceratops gracilis Slender horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~2m long, like a large dog North America (USA) Herbivore Small, lacked horns, forest-dweller.
Microceratus gobiensis Small horn Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~0.8m long, like a cat Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Tiny, agile ceratopsian.
Montanoceratops cerorhynchus Montana horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~3m long, like a horse North America (USA) Herbivore Short frill, small ceratopsian.
Protoceratops hellenikorhinus First horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Protoceratopidae ~2m long, like a large dog Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Large frill, no horns, well-known.
Anchiceratops ornatus Near horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~5m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Long frill, ornamented, grazed plants.
Arrhinoceratops brachyops No-nose horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~6m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Large frill, lacked nasal horn.
Chasmosaurus belli Chasm lizard Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~5m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Large frill with openings, for display.
Pentaceratops sternbergii Five-horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~7.5m long, like a rhinoceros North America (USA) Herbivore Multiple horns, large frill for defense.
Torosaurus latus Perforated lizard Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~8m long, like an elephant North America (USA) Herbivore Massive frill, possibly mature Triceratops.
Triceratops horridus Three-horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled) ~9m long, like an elephant North America (USA) Herbivore Three horns, tank-like ceratopsian.
Centrosaurus apertus Pointed lizard Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~6m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Single nasal horn, frill with hooks.
Nasutoceratops titusi Big-nose horned face Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~5m long, like a rhinoceros North America (USA) Herbivore Bull-like horns, short frill.
Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai Thick-nosed lizard Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~6m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Nasal boss, robust ceratopsian.
Styracosaurus ovatus Spiked lizard Infraorder: Ceratopia, Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled) ~5m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Frill with long spikes, nasal horn.

🛡️ Thyreophora – The Armored Tanks

Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Sauropsida, Subclass: Diapsida, Infraclass: Archosauromorpha, Superorder: Dinosauria, Order: Ornithischia, Suborder: Thyreophora

Name Name Means Classification Size Comparison Place Diet Details
Huayangosaurus taibaii Huayang lizard Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Huayangosauridae ~4m long, like a horse Asia (China) Herbivore Early stegosaur, plates and spikes.
Tuojiangosaurus multispinus Tuo River lizard Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Huayangosauridae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros Asia (China) Herbivore Large plates, tail spikes.
Kentrosaurus aethiopicus Spiked lizard Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Stegosauridae ~4m long, like a horse Africa (Tanzania) Herbivore Small plates, long tail spikes.
Stegosaurus stenops Roof lizard Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Stegosauridae ~9.5m long, like an elephant North America (USA) Herbivore Iconic plates, tail spikes, low grazer.
Wuerhosaurus ordosensis Wuerho lizard Infraorder: Stegosauria, Family: Stegosauridae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros Asia (China) Herbivore Broad plates, for display or thermoregulation.
Scelidosaurus harrisonii Limb lizard Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Scelidosauridae ~4m long, like a horse Europe (England) Herbivore Early armored dinosaur, bony scutes.
Hylaeosaurus armatus Forest lizard Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~5m long, like a rhinoceros Europe (England) Herbivore Armored, no tail club.
Nodosaurus textilis Knobbed lizard Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~6m long, like a rhinoceros North America (USA) Herbivore Heavily armored, no tail club.
Panoplosaurus mirus Completely armored lizard Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Robust, heavily armored nodosaur.
Polacanthus foxii Many spines Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~5m long, like a rhinoceros Europe (England) Herbivore Spiked armor for defense.
Sauropelta edwardsorum Lizard shield Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~5m long, like a rhinoceros North America (USA) Herbivore Large, spiked nodosaur.
Silvisaurus condrayi Forest lizard Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~4m long, like a horse North America (USA) Herbivore Smaller, forest-dwelling nodosaur.
Struthiosaurus transylvanicus Ostrich lizard Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Nodosauridae ~3m long, like a horse Europe (Romania) Herbivore Small, heavily armored nodosaur.
Ankylosaurus magniventris Fused lizard Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~10.2m long, like an elephant North America (USA) Herbivore Tank-like, massive tail club.
Euoplocephalus tutus Well-armored head Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~6m long, like a rhinoceros North America (Canada) Herbivore Armored, tail club, low grazer.
Saichania chulsanensis Beautiful one Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~7m long, like a rhinoceros Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Armored, adapted to arid environments.
Talarurus plicatospineus Basket tail Infraorder: Ankylosauria, Family: Ankylosauridae ~5m long, like a rhinoceros Asia (Mongolia) Herbivore Flexible tail, spiked armor.