Manmohan Misra
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Manmohan Misra was a twentieth century revolutionary poet and a freedom fighter.[1] from Odisha. [2] Much of of his writings were banned by the British.[3][4] Along with Sachidananda Routray and Ananta Patnaik, he makes up the trio of progressive writers' movement in Odisha.
Summary[edit]
He was the Founding President of the Ravenshaw College Students Union.[citation needed][5] His nationalistic leanings were guided by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose who was his high-school alumnus. He served as a member of the Communist Party of India from 1940 to 1956[3] and was a member of Indian National Congress from 1957 to 1964[3]. He served as the Founding Editor of daily Kalinga[6] from 1960 to 1963 and served as the Chairman of Cuttack Municipality [7] 1959 to 1963. He wanted to apply Marxism to uplift the poor and landless in Odisha.. He founded the grassroots People's Literature[8] movement..
Education[edit]
He studied English Literature in Ravenshaw College (now University) and was influenced by the liberal ideas of the English poets.. Hearing the leftist call to demolish India's feudal structure and empower the farmer with land redistribution, Manmohan joined the movement as a student leader..[9]
Leadership and political life[edit]
Upon his release from jail in 1941, he joined Communist Party of India. as a follower to late Bhagavati Charan Panigrahi Quit India Movement landed him again in jail for three years. He composed freedom songs that were smuggled out of the jail.
Communist Party[edit]
Manmohan was famous for his eloquence and oratory.[10] He fought in Puri Parliamentary Constituency in the first general elections of India in 1952, but was defeated. He established branch units of World Peace Council in Odisha and became the Founding Secretary. In 1955, he attended the World Peace Council event at Helsinki, Finland as a poet delegate from India[11]. With the Russian invasion of Hungary[12] in November 1956, Manmohan condemned the aggression and severed ties with the Communist Party..
Indian National Congress[edit]
He was solicited to join the Indian National Congress by Late Govind Ballabh Pant[3]. He joined as the Odisha correspondent of the nationalist English daily Hindustan Standard. He edited a weekly bulletin called The Congress and helped establish the daily Kalinga[3] from Cuttack. Manmohan was elected the Chairman of Cuttack Municipality in 1959. As Chairman, he opened night schools, public health facilities and vocational training schools for the youth[3].
Literary life[edit]
Manmohan's early literary compositions were used in marches, meetings and in stage shows to express protest. [13] They were banned from circulation by the British. Manmohan succeeded in recreating many of them from memory[14] A translation of the collection of poems by Soviet poets has been a unique addition to Odia literature. ରୁଷୀୟ ସଂଗୀତାବଳୀ[15] (Anthology of Poems from Russia) published in 1967 won the Soviet Land Nehru Award for the year. Two other translations Maxim Gorky's "On Literature"[16][17] and Thomas Mann's "The Transposed Heads"[18][19] appeared the following year. Manmohan produced two research books on Odia linguistics (i) ଚଳନ୍ତି ଭାଷାର ପ୍ରୟୋଗ caḻanti bhāṣāra prayoga,[20] (The use and application of current language) and (ii) ଚଳନ୍ତି ଭାଷାର ବିଜ୍ଞାନ caḻanti bhāṣāra bijñāna[21] (the science of the current language) .
He created a biography of Barrister Bishvanatha Misra,.[22] the first Bar-at-law from Odisha who articulated his views in British Legislative Council in his native language Odia. In the '80s, Manmohan edited a literary journal called "Abhijatri." He led training workshops for young poets and artists in teaching language art and techniques of expression[13]
Work on the land rights for people[edit]
He camped in the tribal areas and mobilized people to do sit in strikes in protecting land[3]. In 1971, he was put under solitary confinement at Hazaribag jail ..[13] He again led peasants against the land grab movement in Baliapal. i[23] The Baliapal protection movement[24] [25] of 1985 has become a historical landmark against usurping land from the farmers.
Trade Union Movement[edit]
The trade union at Orient Paper Mill in Brajarajanagar was founded by him in 1942[26]. He led protests at the Glass production factory at Barang in 1955[26]. Many of the trade unions that he founded in Joda, Biramitrapur, Barbiil, Brajarajnagar, Rayagada, Sunabeda remain active.[26]
Maoist teacher[edit]
Manmohan adored Lenin and the Bolshevik revolution. [13]Mao Tse Tung's success with People's Liberation Army drew his attention. He visited China in 1979 as the leader of an Indian Cultural delegation[3]. He ran teach-in sessions where farmers can assume leadership of land management and economy.. He wrote about the possible armed clash between the entrenched henchmen of feudalism against the farmers[13].
Dementia and death[edit]
In late life, Manmohan suffered dementia and was detected with Alzheimer's disease in 1999[3]. He succeeded in publishing a poetry book containing the poem from the freedom struggle dictated from memory[14]. Manmohan died of a stroke on November 19, 2000 at Kalinga Hospital in Bhubaneswar[3].The Central Sahitya Academy[27] has commissioned a biography to be released in 2024..
References[edit]
- ↑ Misra, Gopal Chandra (1964). "India Literature, Sahitya Academi". www.jstor.org. 7 (2). JSTOR 23329253. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
- ↑ Mishra, Kanhuchran (1958). The Cultural Heritage of India, Volume V (1st ed.). Calcutta (kolkata), India: The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture Calcutta, India. Search this book on
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Mahapatra, Ashish (2012). Koti kaNthara spandana କୋଟି କଣ୍ଠର ସ୍ପନ୍ଦନ (in Odia) (1st ed.). Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India: Samyabadi.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) Search this book on
- ↑ Pattanyak, Subhash Chandra (November 23, 2012). "Poet of the masses Manmohan Mishra is yet of utmost Relevance for real Republic: Asish Mohapatra". Retrieved December 26, 2022.
- ↑ Mohanty, Nivedita (2017). Ravenshaw College - Orissa's Temple of Learning. India: Prafulla, Jagatsnghpur, India 754013. pp. 230–235. ISBN 978-93-80768-09-0. Search this book on
- ↑ Jefferey, Robin (1997). "Oriya: 'Identifying... with Newspapers'". Economic and Political Weekly. 32 (11): 511–514 – via jstor.org.
- ↑ Singh, Subhash Chandra (2022). "Mayor, Cuttack Municipal Corporation". cmccuttack.gov.in/. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
- ↑ Das, Sisir Kumar (1995). A history of Indian literature. 1911-1956, Struggle for freedom, triumph and tragedy (1st ed.). Delhi, India: Sahitya Akademi, India. p. 546. ISBN 81-7201-798-7. Search this book on
- ↑ Pradhan, Prshant Kumar (2017). "The Communist Movement of Odisha". Proceedings of India History Congress. 78: 1119–1128. JSTOR 26906190 – via JSTOR.
- ↑ Narasimhan, R (1951). "Parsuram Das And Ors. vs State on 18 September, 1951". indiankanoon.org/. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
- ↑ World Council of Peace, Secretariat (1955). "World Assembly for Peace, Helsinki, June 22nd–29th, 1955 : [proceedings]". Retrieved December 27, 2022.
- ↑ Depart of State, United States (1956). "Hungary, 1956". state.gov. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 Rath, Brajanath (2008). ବିପ୍ଳବୀ ମନମୋହନ ସ୍ମୃତି ସଞ୍ଚୟନ (bipaabi manamohana smruti sanchayana) (in Odia) (1st ed.). India: Subarnashrre prakashini, Motiganj, Balasore 3, India. pp. 11–14, 18–22, 23–32.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) Search this book on
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Misra, Mnamohan (2000). କୌମି ନାରା Quomi nara (in Odia) (1st ed.). Cuttack, India: Bidyaratna Prakashana, Tarapur, Cuttack.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) Search this book on
- ↑ Misra, Manmohan (1967). ରୁଷୀୟ ସଂଗୀତାବଳି (in ଓଡ଼ିଆ) (ist ed.). Cuttack, India: bāṇī bhaṇḍāra, Cuttack, ବାଣୀ ଭଣ୍ଡାର, କଟକ. Search this book on
- ↑ Gorki, Maxim (1930). On Literature (1st ed.). Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow. Search this book on
- ↑ Misra, Manmohan (1965). ମୋର ଅନୁଭୂତି (in ଓଡ଼ିଆ) (1st ed.). Cuttack, India: Cuttack Trading Company, Cuttack. Search this book on
- ↑ Mann, Thomas (1941). The Transposed Heads (ist ed.). New York: Alfred A Knopf. Search this book on
- ↑ Misra, Manmohan (1966). ପାଲଟା ମଣିଷ (in ଓଡ଼ିଆ) (1st ed.). Cuttack, Indai: Cuttack Trading Company. Search this book on
- ↑ Misra, Manmohan (1971). ଚଳନ୍ତି ଭାଷାର ପ୍ରୟୋଗ (in ଓଡ଼ିଆ) (1st ed.). Cuttack, India: J. Mahapatra & Co. Search this book on
- ↑ "Chalanti Bhasara Bigyana (MM Mishra, 1971) p.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
- ↑ "Manmohan Mishra Granthabali, vol.03 (R Dash, Ed., 2014) p.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
- ↑ voices from baliapal, retrieved 2022-12-28
- ↑ Panigrahi, Gangadhar (1985). Proposed Missile Base at Baliapal - Assault in the name of Defence (1st ed.). Pune: Ganatantrika adhikara suraksha sangathana. Search this book on
- ↑ Panigrahi, Gangadhar (1985). "Proposed Missile Base at Baliapal - Assault in the name of Defence" (PDF). Retrieved December 27, 2022.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Murty, B S (1983). "Trade Unionism in Orissa". Indian Journal of Industrial Relations. 18 (3): 397–422 – via www.jstor.com.
- ↑ "..:: SAHITYA : Index of Publications ::..." sahitya-akademi.gov.in. Retrieved 2023-12-01.
Category - Freedom fighter, Makers of Indian Literature, Poet
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