Adal Kingdom
Kingdom of Adal Boqortooyadii Adal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9th century–13th century | |||||||||
 Approximate extension of the Kingdom of Adal. | |||||||||
| Capital | Zeila | ||||||||
| Common languages | Somali · Arabic | ||||||||
| Religion | Islam  | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 9th century | ||||||||
• Decline | 13th century | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of |  Somalia Djibouti Ethiopia | ||||||||
The Kingdom of Adal (also Awdal, Adl, Adel)[1] was a Somali Muslim kingdom centered around Zeila. It was established by the local Somali tribes in the 9th century. Its capital and headquarters was Zeila, which attracted many merchants around the world, contributing to the wealth of the city. Zeila is an ancient city and it was one of the earliest cities in the world to embrace Islam.[2][3][4]
Origins and history[edit]
In the late 9th century, Al-Yaqubi was an Armenian Muslim scholar and traveller in the 9th century wrote that the Kingdom of Adal was a small wealthy kingdom and that its capital, Zeila, served as the headquarters for the kingdom, which dates back to the 9th century.[5][6]
Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn is believed to be born in Zeila during the Adal Kingdom period, with which he associated. Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn is a very famous Somalia saint.[7] He is believed to be the founder and ancestor of the royal family known as the Walashma Dynasty, which governed both the Ifat Sultanate and the Adal Sultanate during the Middle Ages.[8][9]
References[edit]
- ↑ Mohamed Haji Mukhtar, Historical Dictionary of Somalia, new edn, African Historical Dictionary Series, 87 (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2003), s.v. Awdal [p. 44]; ISBN 0810843447 Search this book on
..
- ↑ "Image : The Travels of Al-Yaqubi" (PNG). Image.prntsacr.com. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
- ↑ Mohamed Haji Mukhtar, Historical Dictionary of Somalia, new edn, African Historical Dictionary Series, 87 (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2003), s.v. Awdal [p. 44]; ISBN 0810843447 Search this book on ..
- ↑ M. H. Mukhtar, 'Adal Sultanate', in The Encyclopedia of Empire (Wiley, 2016), doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe145; ISBN 9781118455074 Search this book on ..
- ↑ Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 25. Americana Corporation. 1965. p. 255. Search this book on
- ↑ Lewis, I.M. (1955). Peoples of the Horn of Africa: Somali, Afar and Saho. International African Institute. p. 140. Search this book on
- ↑ Lewis, I.M. (1998). "Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-based Society", The Red Sea Press, Retrieved on 22 September 2015.
- ↑ Lewis, I. M (1998). Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-based Society. The Red Sea Press. p. 89. Search this book on
- ↑ Nehemia Levtzion; Randall Pouwels (Mar 31, 2000). The History of Islam in Africa. Ohio University Press. p. 242.
Aw Barkhadle, is the founder and ancestor of the Walashma dynasty
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