Andriy Guliy-Gulenko
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Andriy Oleksiyovych Guliy-Gulenko (October 1886 — May, 10 1929) was a Ukrainian military leader of the Ukrainian People's Republic ataman and general chorus of the UPR army.
Early years[edit]
Guliy-Gulenko was born into a family of military settlers. He graduated from the Richelieu Gymnasium in Odesa in 1907 and the Novo-Alexandria Institute of Agriculture and Forestry in Novo-Alexandria in 1911. He also participated in the activities of the Ukrainian community.
Military service in the Russian army[edit]
During 1911-1914 he served in the ranks of the 11th engineer battalion of the Russian army. As part of it (reformed in December 1916 in the 11th Engineer Regiment) he participated in the First World War. He was wounded three times, after the last one he was declared unfit for service at the front and sent to the rear of the Romanian Front. On March 4, 1917, he was awarded the Order of St. George, IV degree. The last rank in the Russian army was staff captain.
Liberation struggle[edit]
After the February Revolution, he was one of the organizers of the Ukrainian movement on the Romanian front, a delegate to Rumcherod and the First All-Ukrainian Military Congress. Since November 1917 he was the head of the economic department of the technical troops of the Ukrainian General Staff. He participated in street battles against the Bolsheviks in January 1918 in Kyiv. In April 1918, he was appointed commander of the engineering regiment of the 3rd Kherson Corps of the UPR Army.
After Pavlo Skoropadskyi came to power, he was dismissed from his post as a wartime officer (that is, as one who did not have proper military education). He stayed in Katerynoslav, Rostov-on-Don and Novorossiysk, which was at that time the center of the Ukrainian movement in the North Caucasus. For a short time he was arrested by the White Guard counterintelligence.
In November 1918, while in Yekaterinoslav, he led the anti-Hetman uprising. Since December, he was the head of the so-called Katerynoslav Kosh of the UPR's Active Army. In January 1919, the organizational measures culminated in the creation of the Kherson-Alexandrivsk (Zaporizhzhia) front against the White Guards and the Oleksandrivsk-Novomoskovsk front against the troops of Nestor Makhno. In February, under the pressure of Bolshevik troops and Ataman Matvey Grigoriev, who sided with them, he was forced to retreat to the west. Since June 12, 1919 — staff sergeant major for assignments under the Minister of War of the UPR.
In the summer of 1919 he joined the Ukrainian insurgency and became a member of the Central Insurgent Committee. In autumn, he organized a military detachment of several hundred soldiers and raided the rear of the White Guards and Bolsheviks. In November 1919, the ataman of Katerynoslav and Kherson regions Andrii Huliy-Gulenko visited Kholodnyi Yar. Then Vasyl Chuchupak was the Chief Ataman of Kholodnyi Yar. Atamans Herasym Nesterenko-Orel, Tryfon Gladchenko, Mykhailo Melashko, Sirko, Oko, Chornyi Voron (Chornohuzko), Mefodii Holyk-Zalizniak, Semen Vovk, Oleksa Kotsiubenko, Kaliuzhnyi, D. Kanatenko, 1st and 2nd Oleksandriya regiments were subordinated to him. In December, having defeated the volunteers of General Anton Denikin near Znamenka and Fundukliivka, Guliy went to storm Elisavetgrad, easily eliminated the enemy and captured the city. By the end of the year, his units controlled the territory Cherkasy-Elysavetgrad-Katerinoslav. The number of rebel units that were subordinated to him at that time reached 20 thousand people.
On January 25, 1920, in Volodymyrivka, Yelisavetgrad district, Kherson province, Huloho-Hulenko's detachments met with the southern column of the UPR army led by Ataman Mykhailo Omelyanovych-Pavlenko, which at that time was carrying out the First Winter Campaign. During a general meeting at the headquarters of the ataman, he reported to the command of the UPR army on the situation - the organization of rebel groups under his leadership "covered the territories of Kherson region, Katerynoslav region, up the Dnipro to Kholodnyi Yar". After that, it was decided to join the ataman's units to the UPR army. On February 12, 1920, the rebels joined the Zaporizhzhya Division of the UPR's Active Army (later - the 1st Zaporizhzhya Division), which was headed by Huliy-Gulenko. The division under his leadership distinguished itself during the storming of the city of Voznesensk on April 16, 1920 (the Battle of Voznesensk), where there were huge army warehouses with weapons and equipment.
During the Polish-Soviet war (May-November 1920) Guliy-Gulenko continued to command the 1st Zaporizhzhya Division. In November, after the Riga Treaty of Poland with Bolshevik Russia, the Ukrainian army was forced to cross the Zbruch River to Polish territory. Guliy-Gulenko, not wanting to get into internment camps, surrendered the division to General Gavril Bazylsky on November 10. According to another version, he was sent to the Red Zapillya by the order of the Chief Ataman Simon Petliura because the commanders of the First Winter Campaign, consisting of Generals Mykhailo Omelyanovych-Pavlenko, Yuriy Tiutiunnyk, Oleksandr Zagrodsky, Andriy Huliy-Hulenko, Colonel Andriy Dolud, formed a military opposition to the government with the intention of establishing a military dictatorship.
On November 10-11, 1920, led by 365 rebels with 50 machine guns, he broke through the Bolshevik front and went on a guerrilla raid in the Uman region. In early December 1920, Huliy-Gulenko joined the Cossacks of atamans Semen Hryzlo, Dmytro Tsvitkovsky and Petro Dereshchuk and operated in the area of Uman, Talne, his native Novoarkhangelsk.
On the New Year's Eve in the battle near Khrystynivka Huloho-Hulenko was seriously wounded. He was forced to hand over the command of the detachment to centurion Nestorenko. With the help of Cossack Oleksandr Novohatskyi in mid-January 1921 he crossed the frozen Dniester to Romania on a wagon and was interned.
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