📜 Post with us on Reddit
📝 Create a new article
🏭 Create a company page
🇬🇧 - in English
🇫🇷 - en Français (FR)
🇵🇹 - em Português (PT)
🇩🇪 - auf Deutsch (DE)
🇯🇵 - 日本語で (JA)
Sponsored articles

You can edit almost every page by Creating an account and confirming your email.

Arunachalam Ramaiah

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki


Arunachalam Ramaiah
Born
🏳️ NationalityIndian
🏳️ CitizenshipIndian
🎓 Alma materManonmaniam Sundaranar University
Åbo Akademi University
Indian Institute of Science
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Stanford University School of Medicine
University of California, Irvine
💼 Occupation
🏅 Awards
  • ISID New Investigator Award (2016)
🌐 Websitetigs.res.in

Dr. Arunachalam Ramaiah is an Indian scientist and a bioinformatician specializing in metagenomics, microbial genomics, host-pathogen interactions, and comparative genomics. Ramaiah is known for his research on discovering the evolutionary patterns of immune epitopes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains circulating in India.[1][2] and reporting the first chromosome-level reference genome of Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi and thousands of new gold-standard genes important for immunity and insecticide resistance.[3] He received the ISID New Investigator Award in 2016 from the International Society for Infectious Diseases, United States, for his research on tuberculosis.[4] He is currently a senior scientist at the Tata Institute for Genetics and Society (TIGS), Bengaluru.[5]

Background

Ramaiah completed a Ph.D. jointly at Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, India, and Åbo Akademi University, Finland, and subsequently joined the Indian Institute of Science for postdoctoral training first[6], then moved to the United States for his second postdoctoral training at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)[7][8], and then at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford.[9] In 2019, he joined TIGS as a senior scientist but took an international assignment in parallel to work at the University of California, Irvine[10] and the University of California, San Diego[11] for two years.

Research

At the Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Ramaiah’s research group employs cutting-edge bioinformatics and second- and third-generation sequencing methods to study disease vectors and many vector-borne pathogens such as Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, and Plasmodium species. Further, his group investigates SARS-CoV-2 virus, influenza virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Orientia tsutsugamushi to define their molecular and immunological interactions with hosts, perform molecular surveillance, and identify desirable targets for vaccine and drug design.

Infectious diseases

Ramaiah has extensively used the application of bioinformatics and genomics to identify the impact of human T-cell responses in modulating the evolutionary patterns of T-cell epitopes of bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis[12] and Orientia tsutsugamushi[13] and many RNA viruses.

Ramaiah has discovered the evolutionary trajectory of many RNA viruses, including the 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus[14], the 2013 epidemic A/H7N9 virus[15], Ebola virus[16], Zika virus[17], and SARS-CoV-2[18], and dysregulated immunological and cellular signaling pathways of human cell and mouse models following some of these RNA virus infections.[19][20] In collaboration with Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami's lab at the University of California, Los Angeles, Ramaiah has made impactful contributions to SARS-CoV-2 research by inferring its origin during the early stage of the outbreak[21], and uncovering crucial metabolic processes[22], dysregulated cellular and immune pathways[23], neuropathophysiology[24], and host-directed therapeutics[25] for COVID-19.

Ramaiah has published many peer-reviewed research articles and he also co-authored a book on contemporary acarology.[26]

Vector-borne diseases

Ramaiah has been exploring the dynamics of disease vectors and vector-borne pathogen genomes, vector-endosymbiont interactions, and host-specific adaptations. Ramaiah and Gregory A. Dasch at the CDC developed and employed computational metagenomic approaches for detecting tick-borne pathogens without the need for elaborate microbiological methods in the laboratory; public health laboratories throughout the world benefit directly from this effort. Ramaiah reported the genome of the most prevalent tick bacteria: Coxiella-like and Francisella-like endosymbionts and spotted fever group Rickettsia, and plasmid sequences of some of these dominant bacterial agents, often for the first time.[27][28]

With J.J. Emerson's lab at the University of California, Irvine, Ramaiah assembled and reported the first high-quality chromosome-level reference genome of malaria mosquito vector Anopheles stephensi and discovered thousands of new genes. The genome assembly he reported was timely, as it is the first malaria vector genome to reach exacting reference standards. His discovery revealed over 2 Mb of malaria mosquito Y chromosome assembly, which is not yet reported in any other Anopheles species.[29] These findings on both vectors (mosquito and tick) and vector-borne pathogens have deeply influenced the surveillance of vectors and their pathogens, thus aiding the accelerated development of novel control strategies for emerging vector-borne diseases.

Notable honors

Ramaiah received the TIGS Visiting Scholarship from TIGS, 2019–21, to carry out research in the USA. The International Society of Infectious Diseases, USA, awarded him the ISID New Investigator Award during the 17th International Congress on Infectious Diseases in 2016 for identifying immune epitope diversity in circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and targets for tuberculosis vaccine development.[30][31] The Association of Public Health Laboratory (APHL)-CDC Bioinformatics Postdoctoral Fellowship was awarded to him in 2016 to work at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta.[32] The University Grants Commission, India, and the Centre for International Mobility, Finland, awarded him a Finnish Government Scholarship, 2011–12, to carry out his research work in Finland.

Selected works and publications

Wu, B.^, Ramaiah, A.^, Garcia Jr, G., Gwack, Y., Arumugaswami, V. and Srikanth, S. 2021. ORAI1 establishes resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection by regulating tonic type I interferon signaling. bioRxiv, 442548. PMID: 33972946. PMCID: PMC8109209. DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.04.442548. ^equally contributed.

Chakraborty, M.^, Ramaiah, A.^, Adolfi, A., Halas, P., Kaduskar, B., Ngo, L.T., Jayaprasad, S., Paul, K., Whadgar, S., Srinivasan, S., Subramani, S., Bier, E., James, A.A. and Emerson, J.J*. 2021. Hidden genomic features of an invasive malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi, revealed by a chromosome-level genome assembly. BMC Biology, 19, 28. PMID: 33568145. PMCID: PMC7876825. DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00963-z. ^equally contributed.

Garcia Jr, G., Sharma, A., Ramaiah, A., Sen, C., Purkayastha, A., Kohn, D.B., Parcells, M.S., Beck, S., Kim, H., Bakowski, M.A., Kirkpatrick, M.G., Riva, L., Wolff, K.C., Han, B., Yuen, C., Ulmert, D., Purbey, P.K., Scumpia, P., Beutler, N., Rogers, T.F., Chatterjee, A.K., Gabriel, G., Bartenschlager, R., Gomperts, B., Svendsen, C.N., Betz, U.A.K., Damoiseaux, R.D. and Arumugaswami, V. 2021. Antiviral drug screen identifies DNA-damage response inhibitor as potent blocker of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Cell Reports, 108940. PMID: 33784499 PMCID: PMC7969873. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108940.

Ramaiah, A., Nayak, S., Rakshit, S., Manson, A.L., Abeel, T., Shanmugam, S., Sahoo, P.N., Jesuraj, A., Sundaramurthi, J.C., Narayanan, S., D'Souza, G., Hoegen, P., Ottenhoff, T.H.M., Swaminathan, S., Earl, A. and Vyakarnam, A. 2019. Evidence for highly variable, region-specific patterns of T-cell epitope mutations accumulating in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Frontiers in Immunology, 10: 195. PMID: 30814998. PMCID: PMC6381025. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00195.

Arunachalam, R. 2014. Adaptive evolution of a novel avian-origin influenza A/H7N9 virus. Genomics, 104(6): 545-553. PMID: 25449177. DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.10.012. #Papers published prior to 2015 that he had (co-)authored had the name Ramaiah Arunachalam.

References

  1. ↑ Ramaiah, A., Nayak, S., Rakshit, S., McGuire, A., Shanmugam, S., Chandrabose, J., Narayanan, S., Earl, A., Swaminathan, S. and Vyakarnam, A. 2016. Evolutionary patterns of T cell epitopes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in India. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 45, S1, 33. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.111. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ↑ Ramaiah, A., Nayak, S., Rakshit, S., Manson, A.L., Abeel, T., Shanmugam, S., Sahoo, P.N., Jesuraj, A., Sundaramurthi, J.C., Narayanan, S., D'Souza, G., Hoegen, P., Ottenhoff, T.H.M., Swaminathan, S., Earl, A. and Vyakarnam, A. 2019. Evidence for highly variable, region-specific patterns of T-cell epitope mutations accumulating in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Frontiers in Immunology, 10: 195. PMID: 30814998. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00195. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  3. ↑ Chakraborty, M., Ramaiah, A., Adolfi, A., Halas, P., Kaduskar, B., Ngo, L.T., Jayaprasad, S., Paul, K., Whadgar, S., Srinivasan, S., Subramani, S., Bier, E., James, A.A. and Emerson, J.J. 2021. Hidden genomic features of an invasive malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi, revealed by a chromosome-level genome assembly. BMC Biology, 19, 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-021-00963-z. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  4. ↑ 17th International Congress on Infectious Diseases https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/55225502/17th-international-congress-on-infectious-diseases. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  5. ↑ Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Bengaluru. https://tigs.res.in/people/members. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  6. ↑ http://cidr.iisc.ac.in/av/. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  7. ↑ Focus on Fellows 2017-2018. APHL-CDC Laboratory Fellowship Program. https://www.aphl.org/fellowships/Documents/Focus-on-Fellows-2017-2018.pdf. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  8. ↑ Bioinformatics Fellowship Tackles Data Avalanche. https://www.aphl.org/aboutAPHL/publications/action/Pages/APHL-in-Action-Fall-2016-bioinformatics.aspx. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  9. ↑ Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research, Part of the Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Stanford University School of Medicine. https://med.stanford.edu/allergyandasthma/research/ComputationalBiology.html. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  10. ↑ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine. https://ecoevo.bio.uci.edu/. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  11. ↑ Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, University of California, San Diego. https://tigs.ucsd.edu/capacity-building/index.html. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  12. ↑ Ramaiah, A., Nayak, S., Rakshit, S., Manson, A.L., Abeel, T., Shanmugam, S., Sahoo, P.N., Jesuraj, A., Sundaramurthi, J.C., Narayanan, S., D'Souza, G., Hoegen, P., Ottenhoff, T.H.M., Swaminathan, S., Earl, A. and Vyakarnam, A. 2019. Evidence for highly variable, region-specific patterns of T-cell epitope mutations accumulating in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Frontiers in Immunology, 10: 195. PMID: 30814998. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00195. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  13. ↑ Ramaiah, A., Koralur, M.C. and Dasch, G.A*. 2018. Complexity of type-specific 56 kDa antigen CD4 T-cell epitopes of Orientia tsutsugamushi strains causing Scrub typhus in India. PLoS ONE, 13(4): e0196240. PMID: 29698425. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196240. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  14. ↑ Arunachalam, R. 2013. Detection of site-specific positive Darwinian selection on pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus genome: integrative approaches. Genetica, 141(4-6): 143-155. PMID: 23529677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-013-9713-x. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  15. ↑ Arunachalam, R. 2014. Adaptive evolution of a novel avian-origin influenza A/H7N9 virus. Genomics, 104(6): 545-553. PMID: 25449177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.10.012. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  16. ↑ Ramaiah, A. and Arumugaswami, V. 2016. Ebola virus evolves in human to minimize the detection by immune cells by accumulating adaptive mutations. VirusDisease, 27(2): 136-144. PMID: 27366764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-016-0305-0. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  17. ↑ Ramaiah, A., Dai, L., Contreras, D., Sinha, S., Sun, R. and Arumugaswami, V. 2017. Comparative analysis of protein evolution in the genome of pre-epidemic and epidemic Zika virus. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 51: 74-85. PMID: 28315476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2017.03.012. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  18. ↑ Ramaiah, A. and Arumugaswami, V. 2020. Insights into Cross-species Evolution of Novel Human Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and Defining Immune Determinants for Vaccine Development. bioRxiv 2020.01.29.925867; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.29.925867. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  19. ↑ Ramaiah, A., Contreras, D., Gangalapudi, V., Padhye, M.S., Tang, J. and Arumugaswami, V. 2016. Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes and predicted lncRNA-protein interactions during Zika virus infection. bioRxiv. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/061788. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  20. ↑ Garcia Jr, G., Paul, S., Beshara, S., Ramanujan, K., Ramaiah, A., Nielsen-Saines, K., Li, M.M.H., French, S.W., Morizono, K., Kumar, A. and Arumugaswami, V. 2020. Hippo signaling pathway has a critical role in Zika virus replication and in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. The American Journal of Pathology, 190(4): 844-861. PMID: 32035058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.12.005. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  21. ↑ Ramaiah, A. and Arumugaswami, V. 2020. Insights into Cross-species Evolution of Novel Human Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and Defining Immune Determinants for Vaccine Development. bioRxiv 2020.01.29.925867; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.29.925867. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  22. ↑ Mullen, P.J., Garcia, G., Purkayastha, A., Matulionis, N., Schmid, E.W., Momcilovic, M., Sen, C., Langerman, J., Ramaiah, A., Shackelford, D.B., Damoiseaux, R., French, S.W., Plath, K., Gomperts, B.N., Arumugaswami, V. and Christofk, H.R. 2021. SARS-CoV-2 infection rewires host cell metabolism and is potentially susceptible to mTORC1 inhibition. Nature Communications, 12, 1876. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22166-4. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  23. ↑ Wu, B., Ramaiah, A., Garcia Jr, G., Gwack, Y., Arumugaswami, V. and Srikanth, S. 2021. ORAI1 establishes resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection by regulating tonic type I interferon signaling. bioRxiv, 442548. PMID: 33972946. PMCID: PMC8109209. DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.04.442548. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  24. ↑ Chakravarty, N., Senthilnathan, T., Paiola, S., Gyani, P., Cario, S.C., Urena, E., Jeysankar, A., Jeysankar, P., Ignatius Irudayam, J., Natesan Subramanian, S., Lavretsky, H., Joshi, S., Garcia Jr, G., Ramaiah, A. and Arumugaswami, V. 2021. Neurological pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and pandemic potential RNA viruses: A comparative analysis. FEBS Letters. https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.14227. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  25. ↑ Garcia Jr, G., Sharma, A., Ramaiah, A., Sen, C., Purkayastha, A., Kohn, D.B., Parcells, M.S., Beck, S., Kim, H., Bakowski, M.A., Kirkpatrick, M.G., Riva, L., Wolff, K.C., Han, B., Yuen, C., Ulmert, D., Purbey, P.K., Scumpia, P., Beutler, N., Rogers, T.F., Chatterjee, A.K., Gabriel, G., Bartenschlager, R., Gomperts, B., Svendsen, C.N., Betz, U.A.K., Damoiseaux, R.D. and Arumugaswami, V. 2021. Antiviral drug screen identifies DNA-damage response inhibitor as potent blocker of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Cell Reports, 108940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108940. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  26. ↑ Dasch, G.A., Ramaiah, A., Holmes, Z.C., Zambrano, M.L. and Shirey, B.T. 2019. Use of the Ion Torrent PGM for determining the genomic sequences of Francisella and Coxiella-like endosymbionts and Rickettsia directly from hard ticks. In: Skvarla M., Ochoa R., Verle Rodrigues J., Hutcheson H. (eds). Springer, Cham. Contemporary Acarology, 1-35. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-17265-7_1. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  27. ↑ Ramaiah, A. and Dasch, G.A*. 2018. Genome sequence of Coxiella-like endosymbiont strain CLE-RmD, a bacterial agent in the cattle tick, (Rhipicephalus microplus) Deutsch strain. Genome Announcements, 6(13): e00003-18. PMID: 29599150. 10.1128/genomeA.00003-18. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  28. ↑ Dasch, G.A., Ramaiah, A., Holmes, Z.C., Zambrano, M.L. and Shirey, B.T. 2019. Use of the Ion Torrent PGM for determining the genomic sequences of Francisella and Coxiella-like endosymbionts and Rickettsia directly from hard ticks. In: Skvarla M., Ochoa R., Verle Rodrigues J., Hutcheson H. (eds). Springer, Cham. Contemporary Acarology, 1-35. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-17265-7_1. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  29. ↑ Chakraborty, M., Ramaiah, A., Adolfi, A., Halas, P., Kaduskar, B., Ngo, L.T., Jayaprasad, S., Paul, K., Whadgar, S., Srinivasan, S., Subramani, S., Bier, E., James, A.A. and Emerson, J.J. 2021. Hidden genomic features of an invasive malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi, revealed by a chromosome-level genome assembly. BMC Biology, 19, 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-021-00963-z. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  30. ↑ 17th International Congress on Infectious Diseases https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/55225502/17th-international-congress-on-infectious-diseases. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  31. ↑ International Society for Infectious Diseases. https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=1122053751161359&id=796790447021026. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
  32. ↑ Focus on Fellows 2017-2018. APHL-CDC Laboratory Fellowship Program. https://www.aphl.org/fellowships/Documents/Focus-on-Fellows-2017-2018.pdf. Retrieved 18 November 2021.


This article "Arunachalam Ramaiah" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Arunachalam Ramaiah. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.


Retrieved from "https://en.everybodywiki.com/index.php?title=Arunachalam_Ramaiah&oldid=5207504"
License CC BY-SA 3.0
Powered by MediaWiki