Axis occupation of Monaco
| Occupation of Monaco | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Western Front of the Second World War | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Germany (From 1943) Italy |
 Monaco | ||||||||
The Axis Occupation of Monaco (11 November 1942 - 3 September 1944) was the Italian and German occupation of the Principality of Monaco during the Second World War. It began with the Invasion of Monaco on 11 November 1942, by the Italians, who set up a puppet administration.
Monaco was trying to remain neutral during the Second World War, though nevertheless, it was invaded by the Italians on 11 November 1942, allowing the Italians to set up a puppet administration in the principality. It remained that way until 3 September 1943, when the Italians signed the Armistice with the Allies, leading German troops to enter the borders of the Principality. The Germans began to deport Jewish citizens to concentration camps. The Germans persecuted 14% of the Jewish citizens in Monaco, killing 42 out of 300 total citizens.[1][2]
Prince Louis II of Monaco used the Monégasque police to warn Jewish inhabitants that they were marked to be arrested by the Gestapo, giving them time to escape. Many were able to escape due to the help of Louis II and the police.[3]
With the German army retreating from Monaco due to the Allied advance from the west, an American Army Group liberated the Principality on 3 September 1944.[2]
Aftermath
On 27 August 2015, Prince Albert II of Monaco unveiled a monument dedicated to the Jewish people who were deported. The monument had the Jewish people's names carved into the memorial. It was chosen to be unveiled 73 years after the night the Jews were deported.[4]
References
- ↑ "Monaco in World War II". WW2DB. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "History of Monaco". monacodc.org. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
- ↑ "Occupation by Italy then Germany / Crisis and renewal (20th century) / Periods / History and Heritage / Government & Institutions / Portail du Gouvernement - Monaco". en.gouv.mc. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
- ↑ "Prince Albert apologises for Monaco's role in deporting Jews to Nazi camps". the Guardian. Associated Press. 2015-08-28. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
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