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Christopher C. Thompson

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki




Christopher C. Thompson is an American interventional endoscopist and entrepreneur. He is Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School[1] and Director of Endoscopy and Therapeutic Endoscopy at Brigham and Women's Hospital[2] in Boston, where he also directs the Advanced Endoscopy Fellowship, serves as Co-Director of the Center for Weight Management and Wellness, and is Principal Investigator of the Developmental Endoscopy Laboratory. He is a co-founder of multiple startups and serves on the boards of several medical technology companies. He is also active in the leadership of major gastroenterology and surgical professional societies, such as the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE).[3]

Thompson's work has focused on advancing interventional endoscopy across the full spectrum of procedural innovation, translational research, clinical program development, training and mentorship, professional society leadership, and public engagement. He has been credited with the development of several modern endoscopic therapies, including endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) and transoral outlet reduction (TORe), and has led or participated in multiple first-in-human and pivotal clinical trials supporting regulatory approval of endoscopic devices.

Education and training

Thompson earned a Bachelor of Science degree from the State University of New York (SUNY) at Binghamton and a Doctor of Medicine degree from the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine in Hershey, PA. He completed residency training in internal medicine and fellowship training in gastroenterology at Penn State Medical Center, followed by advanced endoscopy training at the Harvard Medical School combined Advanced Endoscopy Fellowship Program (Massachusetts General Hospital / Brigham and Women's Hospital) in Boston, MA.

Clinical leadership and program development

Thompson joined the faculty of Harvard Medical School in 2003 following completion of his clinical training and was promoted to Professor of Medicine in 2020. Over this period, he assumed progressive leadership roles in interventional endoscopy at Brigham and Women's Hospital, where he has been responsible for the clinical, academic, and educational growth of related programs. A central component of Thompson's work has been the development and scaling of clinical programs in interventional endoscopy. As the first Director of Therapeutic Endoscopy at Brigham and Women's Hospital, he reorganized interventional endoscopy into defined clinical and academic domains, including pancreaticobiliary endoscopy, advanced endoscopic tissue resection, foregut and bariatric endoscopy, and interventional endohepatology. This structure was designed to support clinical growth, academic productivity, and mentorship, and has informed similar efforts at other institutions.

Thompson operationalized these subspecialty domains across the health system and worked to integrate interventional endoscopy within multidisciplinary care models, particularly in the treatment of obesity and metabolic disease. Through his role as Co-Director of the Center for Weight Management and Wellness (CWMW),[4] he helped break down traditional academic and clinical silos to support coordinated care across gastroenterology, surgery, medicine, nutrition, and behavioral health.

In parallel, Thompson leads the Developmental Endoscopy Laboratory, where novel interventional technologies are created, evaluated, and translated into clinical practice. This has been an important element in the growth of the program and broader field. Work originating from the laboratory has resulted in multiple clinical trials, industry collaborations, and the commercialization of new endoscopic technologies through academic–industry partnerships.

Under this programmatic framework, the interventional endoscopy group at Brigham and Women's Hospital has attained international recognition. The unit is the only interventional endoscopy program in the United States designated as a World Endoscopy Organization (WEO) Center of Excellence, reflecting its leading role in clinical care, research, and training.[5]

Interventional endoscopy and bariatric innovation

Early in his career, Thompson was involved in the development of natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) and was a founding member of the Natural Orifice Surgery Consortium for Assessment and Research (NOSCAR).[6] Through this work, he contributed to early efforts aimed at expanding the therapeutic capabilities of flexible endoscopy and helped transition NOTES concepts into reproducible endoluminal surgical techniques that could be performed entirely within the gastrointestinal lumen.

Beginning in the mid-2000s, Thompson led early clinical investigations into incisionless endoscopic gastric remodeling as a primary treatment for obesity. This work included the development and clinical evaluation of transoral gastric volume reduction techniques using endoscopic suturing and plication, which he first reported in humans in feasibility studies conducted in 2008 and subsequently published in peer-reviewed literature.[7]

Follow-up studies further evaluated durability and clinical outcomes, including 12-month results from the TRIM trial, which demonstrated sustained feasibility and weight loss associated with endoscopic gastric volume reduction as a primary obesity intervention.[8] These early clinical efforts were contemporaneously described in national medical and lay press as representing a shift toward incisionless and natural-orifice bariatric therapies.[9][10]

Building directly on this prior developmental and clinical work, in April 2012 Thompson performed the first human endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) using a full-thickness endoscopic suturing system (OverStitch). This procedure translated earlier gastric remodeling concepts into a sleeve-based endoluminal intervention without surgical resection.[11][12][13][14]

The evolution of ESG from first-in-human cases through contemporary technique refinement has been described in multiple independent peer-reviewed reviews and historical analyses. A multicenter review of ESG development traced the procedure's origins to the initial first-in-human cases and subsequent technical standardization.[15]

Subsequent narrative reviews in major gastroenterology journals and textbooks have cited the 2012 first-in-human ESG as a defining milestone in bariatric endoscopy, emerging from earlier transoral gastric volume reduction research and contributing to the establishment of bariatric endoscopy as a distinct subspecialty within interventional endoscopy.[16][17][18]

The endoscopic suturing platform used in the development of ESG was commercialized by Apollo Endosurgery, which was subsequently acquired by Boston Scientific in a transaction valued at approximately US $615 million, reflecting broader industry adoption of endoluminal bariatric technologies.[19] Collectively, this body of work contributed to the establishment of bariatric endoscopy as a distinct subspecialty within interventional endoscopy.

Endoscopic platform and robotic systems development and assessment

Thompson has played a sustained role in the development, evaluation, and clinical assessment of endoluminal operating platforms designed to expand the technical capabilities of flexible endoscopy and reduce barriers to adoption for complex endoluminal procedures. His work in this area spans early non-robotic multitasking endoscopic platforms, hybrid and device-assisted systems, and fully robotic endoluminal surgical platforms, with an emphasis on systematic platform assessment rather than reliance on any single device.

Early efforts included evaluation of multitasking NOTES-era platforms such as the Direct Drive Endoscopic System (DDES) developed by Boston Scientific.[20][21] This system integrated a steerable guide sheath with multiple working channels to enable bimanual manipulation and triangulation within a flexible endoscopic workflow. Thompson was part of the development team and an author on peer-reviewed studies assessing the feasibility and technical performance of these platforms for endoluminal and transluminal applications, contributing to early understanding of how enhanced instrument control could expand therapeutic endoscopy beyond diagnostic interventions.[22]

Subsequent work focused on non-robotic and hybrid endoluminal platforms intended to augment conventional flexible endoscopy without full robotic actuation. This included evaluation of stabilization and traction systems such as the Lumendi DiLumen C2 platform,[23][24] which provides dynamic retraction, positioning, and triangulation to facilitate complex endoscopic resections.[25][26] Thompson also assessed partial robotic hybrid platforms developed by Medrobotics, including applications for the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum and preclinical randomized studies evaluating colorectal ESD.[27][28] These systems represented an intermediate step between standard flexible endoscopy and fully robotic platforms, offering improved procedural control while remaining compatible with conventional endoscopes and receiving U.S. Food and Drug Administration clearance as endoscopic accessories.

In parallel, Thompson contributed to the engineering and validation of modular robotic components designed to enhance endoscopic dexterity and feedback. Collaborative work with robotics engineers at Harvard led to the development and assessment of snap-on robotic wrist modules and distal proprioceptive sensing systems for endoscope-based robotic platforms. These studies, reported in peer-reviewed IEEE robotics journals and international robotics conferences, helped define how modular robotics could be integrated into flexible endoscopy to improve precision, force control, and operator feedback.[29][30]

More recently, Thompson has been involved in the clinical development and evaluation of fully robotic endoluminal surgical systems, including the EndoQuest Robotics Endoluminal Surgical System, which has been installed at Brigham and Women's Hospital for procedural assessment and clinical development.[31] In early platform development work, the team was selected as a finalist in the Surgical Robot Challenge at the 2024 Hamlyn Symposium on Medical Robotics for their early work on the platform development.[32] He later evaluated this system for endoluminal defect closure and co-authored a multi-arm randomized study comparing full-thickness colonic defect closure using a fully robotic system with conventional endoscopic suturing techniques among endoscopists without prior defect-closure experience. The study supported the potential role of robotic platforms in improving technical performance and accessibility of complex endoluminal interventions.

Thompson is also the senior author on randomized and comparative studies demonstrating that robot-assisted ESD can improve procedural efficiency and safety in preclinical models and early clinical settings, particularly among operators with limited prior ESD experience. His comparative preclinical work published in Gut[33] reflects ongoing investigation into how robotic platforms may further expand dexterity, reproducibility, and safety in advanced endoluminal surgery.

In addition to resection and defect closure, Thompson has contributed to early feasibility work in robotic bariatric endoscopy, including development and technical assessment of robotic endoluminal sleeve gastroplasty, reported at Digestive Disease Week.[34][35] Related work in endoluminal robotic surgery was recognized with the Mason Lecture Best Video Presentation Award at the IFSO World Congress 2025 in Santiago, Chile.[36] He has also co-authored comprehensive reviews in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy summarizing the state of robotics in therapeutic endoscopy and outlining future directions for the field.[37]

Collectively, this body of work reflects a longitudinal focus on endoscopic robotic platform development and assessment across successive generations of technology, supporting the concept that robotic systems may reduce technical barriers and facilitate broader adoption of advanced endoluminal surgical procedures.

Mechanism-based metabolic endoscopy

Beyond anatomic approaches, Thompson has played a central role in the development of mechanism-based endoscopic therapies for obesity and metabolic disease. This work was informed by early investigations into the metabolic effects of established bariatric surgical procedures and emerging endoscopic interventions, with a focus on understanding gut-mediated mechanisms of weight regulation and glucose homeostasis.[38][39][40][41]

Building on this foundation, Thompson led the development of several early small-bowel endoscopic platforms for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. He was the lead author of the randomized pivotal EndoBarrier trial (Morphic Medical, Boston, MA), which evaluated the clinical impact of duodenal-jejunal bypass therapy,[42] and he contributed to the early development of duodenal mucosal resurfacing technologies[43][44] with Fractyl Health (Burlington, MA), where he currently sits on the Board of Directors.[45] These efforts reflected a shift toward physiology-driven therapies aimed at modulating nutrient signaling and enteroendocrine pathways rather than relying on gastric mechanisms alone.

Thompson also co-founded GI Windows Surgical (Westwood, MA), where he played a central role in the conception and development of an incisionless magnetic anastomosis platform designed to create partial jejunal diversion. This technology was developed and validated within the Developmental Endoscopy Laboratory, supported in part by U.S. Department of Defense funding, prior to being spun out into a commercial entity.[46] Thompson subsequently led the translation of this work into first-in-human clinical studies, evaluating metabolic outcomes of partial enteral diversion and contributing to the broader understanding of hindgut-mediated mechanisms in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.[47]

Subsequently, Thompson reported the first clinical experience with endoscopic neuromuscular ablation of the stomach for obesity, initially referred to as Gastroplasty with Endoscopic Myotomy (GEM), published in Gastroenterology.[48] This work explored the role of gastric neuromuscular signaling in weight regulation and represented a targeted mechanism-based endoscopic approach to obesity treatment, and was awarded the Mel Schapiro Award at DDW 2020.[49] The concept was subsequently refined into bariatric endoscopic antral myotomy (BEAM), with further studies examining the functional and metabolic effects of targeted gastric intervention.

Thompson's work in mechanism-based metabolic therapy has also extended into emerging gene-based approaches where he has contributed in the development of Fractyl's Rejuva pancreatic gene therapy platform, which is designed to deliver adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy to the pancreas with the goal of promoting durable improvements in insulin production and glucose regulation as a potential long-term treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.[50]

Collectively, this body of work reflects a sustained effort to expand the treatment of metabolic disease beyond anatomic intervention, integrating endoscopic innovation, translational research, device development, and emerging gene-based therapies to address obesity and diabetes through targeted, mechanism-driven approaches.

Training, simulation, and mentorship

Recognizing that technical complexity limited dissemination of advanced endoscopic procedures, Thompson focused on the development of structured training models, simulation platforms, and standardized curricula for interventional endoscopy. He developed multiple simulation-based training tools, including the Thompson Endoscopic Skills Trainer (TEST Box),[51][52][53][54][55] as well as procedure-specific simulators for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and transoral outlet reduction (TORe). These platforms were validated in peer-reviewed studies and designed to support skill acquisition, objective assessment, and reproducibility in advanced endoscopic techniques.[54][56] The TEST Box and TORe simulators were subsequently licensed to Endosim (Bolton, MA) for global distribution.[57]

In parallel with simulator development, Thompson has played a leading role in the creation of formalized training curricula for complex endoscopic procedures, including bariatric endoscopy[58][59][60] and peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). These curricula emphasized stepwise technical progression, cognitive skills, complication management, and outcomes assessment, and have been used to support training programs and consensus-based educational standards within the field.[61]

As Director of the Advanced Endoscopy Fellowship and through structured mentorship programs, he has trained more than 50 fellows, many of whom now hold leadership positions in academic medicine, professional societies, and industry across North America, Europe, the Middle East, and South America. His contributions to education and mentorship have been recognized by national awards from the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE)[62] and the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA).[63]

Professional societies, editorial, and academic leadership

Thompson is a Fellow of multiple professional societies, including the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG), the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE), the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), and the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society (JGES). He has served on numerous committees, co-directed postgraduate education programs, and held leadership roles within these organizations. He was a founding member of the Natural Orifice Surgery Consortium for Assessment and Research (NOSCAR), a founding co-chair of the Association for Bariatric Endoscopy (ABE), a founding member of the Foundation for Interventional and Therapeutic Endoscopy (FITE) and Co-Chair of the Endoscopic Foregut Surgery Committee for the American Foregut Society (AFS). He has served on the Governing Board of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) and is the society's current Treasurer.

Thompson has played a significant role in editorial leadership within the field. He is the editor of the first comprehensive textbook on Bariatric Endoscopy, now in its second edition,[64] and has served as an associate editor for journals including Clinical Endoscopy and VideoGIE. He was also the founding Editor-in-Chief of iGIE, an open-access journal focused on interventional gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Thompson is the founder and director of the annual Frontiers in Endoscopic Surgery (FES) course,[65] held in Miami, Florida since 2014. The course focuses on emerging areas in gastrointestinal endoscopy and endoscopic surgery, including advanced tissue resection, foregut and bariatric endoscopy, endoscopic robotics, and novel endoluminal platforms. FES is structured around two complementary components: a technology summit with industry leadership participation focused on emerging endoscopic platforms, and a large-scale hands-on training program incorporating simulation-based instruction and expert faculty supervision to support skill acquisition, procedural standardization, and bidirectional feedback informing ongoing procedure and technology development.

In addition to society leadership and educational programs, Thompson has been invited to deliver presidential plenary lectures, named lectures,[66] and visiting professorships[67] for major professional societies and academic institutions addressing the evolution of interventional endoscopy and its emergence as a distinct subspecialty. Through these roles, he has contributed to the development of educational standards, dissemination of emerging techniques, and peer-review processes in therapeutic endoscopy.

Industry and entrepreneurship

In parallel with his academic career, Thompson has played an active role in medical technology entrepreneurship, co-founding and advising multiple companies focused on interventional endoscopy, metabolic disease, and diagnostic innovation. His industry work has emphasized translating academic research into clinically scalable technologies and advancing device development through early clinical validation and regulatory pathways.

In 2008, Thompson co-founded Beacon Endoscopic, which developed a modular fine-needle aspiration (FNA) system and one of the first widely adopted core biopsy needles (SharkCore) for endoscopic ultrasound–guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB). The SharkCore device received clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration through the 510(k) regulatory pathway and was adopted for tissue acquisition in pancreatic and gastrointestinal lesions.[68] Beacon Endoscopic was subsequently acquired by Covidien, later Medtronic, reflecting clinical adoption of the technology.

Thompson is also a co-founder and board member of EnteraSense, Ltd., a company originating from the Developmental Endoscopy Laboratory focused on the development of a hyperspectral imaging capsule designed to provide noninvasive diagnostic information from the gastrointestinal tract. The company's PILLSENSE platform received U.S. Food and Drug Administration clearance[69] and entered commercial distribution through a partnership with Cook Medical.[70]

Thompson co-founded GI Windows Surgical (Westwood, Massachusetts), which developed an incisionless magnetic anastomosis platform initially designed to enable partial small-bowel diversion. The technology was developed and validated within the Developmental Endoscopy Laboratory with support from U.S. Department of Defense funding before being translated into first-in-human clinical studies evaluating metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.[71][72]

The company subsequently advanced a self-forming magnet–based anastomosis system intended for gastrointestinal anastomosis creation beyond bariatric indications, including U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance of the Flexagon system for creation of a duodeno-ileal anastomosis.[73] Independent medical-device reporting has described the platform's development as targeting broader anastomosis creation and comparisons with conventional stapling approaches in additional surgical use cases.[74][75]

He also co-founded EnVision Endoscopy, which developed an image-guided endoscopic suturing system intended to simplify tissue approximation during flexible endoscopic procedures. In 2025, the company's SimpleStitch system received clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as an endoscopic tissue approximation device, supporting its clinical availability.[76]

Thompson serves on the Board of Directors of Fractyl Health, a clinical-stage metabolic therapeutics company developing device-based and gene-based therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this role, he has contributed clinical and translational guidance across the company's therapeutic programs, including endoscopic metabolic interventions and pancreatic gene-therapy platforms.

Thompson is also a co-founder and board member of Everself, a San Francisco–based digital health company focused on the longitudinal management of obesity and metabolic disease. The platform integrates telemedicine, behavioral interventions, and clinician-guided care pathways to support patients receiving medical and procedural weight-loss therapies. Everself represents an extension of Thompson's translational work into scalable care-delivery models for chronic metabolic disease.[77]

In addition to startup leadership, Thompson has served as a consultant and advisor to several publicly traded medical technology companies, including Olympus, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic. He is also a Venture Partner at PUMA Venture Capital, where he provides clinical and translational guidance on healthcare and medical technology investments.

Public engagement and scholarly impact

Thompson is a regular contributor to Forbes,[78] where he writes on metabolic health, obesity, and minimally invasive therapies, and has appeared in national broadcast media as a medical expert. He has authored more than 300 peer-reviewed publications[79] with citation metrics indexed by Google Scholar[80] listing an h-index of 83, reflecting sustained scholarly impact across clinical, translational, and mechanistic research.

Legacy and ongoing work

Thompson's work has contributed to the maturation of interventional endoscopy from a technical niche into a multidisciplinary therapeutic field. By integrating innovation with translational research, clinical program development, structured training, industry collaboration, professional governance, and public discourse, he has influenced how modern endoscopic therapies are developed, evaluated, taught, and adopted in clinical practice.

References

  1. ↑ Thompson, Christopher. "Harvard Catalyst Profile". connects.catalyst.harvard.edu. Harvard Medical School. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  2. ↑ "Christopher C. Thompson, MD - Brigham and Women's Hospital". physiciandirectory.brighamandwomens.org. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  3. ↑ American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. "Christopher C. Thompson, MD - Biography". American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  4. ↑ "Center for Weight Management and Wellness Team". Brigham and Women's Hospital. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  5. ↑ "World Endoscopy Organization - Centers of Excellence". World Endoscopy Organization. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  6. ↑ Bowman, Deborah E. (February 2006). "ASGE/SAGES Working Group on Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 63 (2): 199–203. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2005.12.007.
  7. ↑ Brethauer, SA; Chand, B; Schauer, PR; Thompson, CC (2010). "Transoral gastric volume reduction for weight management: technique and feasibility in 18 patients". Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 6 (6): 689–694. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2010.07.012. PMID 20947451.
  8. ↑ Brethauer, SA; Chand, B; Schauer, PR; Thompson, CC (2012). "Transoral gastric volume reduction as intervention for weight management: 12-month follow-up of TRIM trial". Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 8 (3): 296–303. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2011.10.016. PMID 22178565.
  9. ↑ Lazar K. Obesity surgery requires no knife. The Boston Globe. June 28, 2008.
  10. ↑ "Weight loss management ... a new frontier?". GI & Hepatology News. Frontline Medical Communications. January 1, 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2026.
  11. ↑ Galvao Neto, Manoel; Zundel, Natan; Campos, Josemberg M.; Alvarado, Alonso; Silva, Lyz B.; Orillac, Jorge; Shaikh, Sohail; Gomez, Eddie; Wilson, Erik; Thompson, Christopher C. (2013). "Endoluminal greater curvature plication: a case series". Obesity Surgery. 23 (8): 1028–1029.
  12. ↑ Kumar, Nitin; Sahdala, H. N.; Shaikh, S.; Wilson, E. B.; Manoel, G. N.; Zundel, N.; Thompson, C. C. (2014). "Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty for primary therapy of obesity: initial human cases". Gastroenterology. 146: S571–S572. doi:10.1016/S0016-5085(14)62071-0.
  13. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (2017). "Endoscopic Bariatric and Metabolic Therapies: Surgical Analogues and Mechanisms of Action". Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 15 (5): 619–630. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.10.021. PMC 5444453. PMID 27989851.
  14. ↑ McKhann, C.; Lee, L. S. (2023). "Saving patients one stitch at a time?". IGIE. 2 (2): 202–208. doi:10.1016/j.igie.2023.04.002.
  15. ↑ Kumar, N; Abu Dayyeh, BK; Lopez-Nava, G; Galvao Neto, MP; Sahdala, NP; Shaikh, SN; Hawes, RH; Gostout, CJ; Goenka, MK; Orillac, JR; Alvarado, A; Jirapinyo, P; Zundel, N; Thompson, CC (2018). "Endoscopic sutured gastroplasty: procedure evolution from first-in-man cases through current technique". Surgical Endoscopy. 32 (4): 2159–2164. doi:10.1007/s00464-017-5869-2. PMC 5845469. PMID 29075966.
  16. ↑ Shah, Shawn L.; Sharaiha, Reem Z. (2025). "Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty". Bariatric Endoscopy (2nd ed.). Springer. pp. 379–388. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-70004-0_33. ISBN 978-3-031-70003-3. Search this book on
  17. ↑ de Moura, DTH; Aihara, H; Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (2019). "Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: from human feasibility to clinical practice". World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 11 (1): 10. doi:10.1186/s12986-019-0335-x. PMC 6357361. PMID 30733818.
  18. ↑ Ge, PS; Thompson, CC (2022). "History of bariatric endoscopy: celebrating 20 years of bariatric endoscopy and 10 years since the first endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty". IGIE. 1 (1): 91–103. doi:10.1016/j.igie.2022.10.009.
  19. ↑ "Boston Scientific Announces Agreement to Acquire Apollo Endosurgery, Inc". Boston Scientific.
  20. ↑ Thompson, CC; Ryou, MK; Rothstein, RI; Fong, DG; Pai, RD; Smith, P; Weitzner, BS; Swanstrom, LS (21 May 2007). A Direct Drive Endoscopic System for Endoluminal and NOTES Applications. ASGE Video Forum. DDW, Washington, DC.
  21. ↑ Thompson, CC; Ryou, M; Soper, NJ; Hungess, ES; Rothstein, RI; Swanstrom, LL (July 2009). "Evaluation of a manually driven, multitasking platform for complex endoluminal and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery applications (with video)". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 70 (1): 121–5. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2008.11.007. PMID 19394008.
  22. ↑ Swanstrom, LL (April 2011). "NOTES: Platform development for a paradigm shift in flexible endoscopy". Gauthorenterology. 140 (4): 1150–1154.e1. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.02.031. PMID 21334331.
  23. ↑ Lumendi. "DiLumen C1 and C2 Endolumenal Interventional Platforms".
  24. ↑ FDA. "K173317 – DiLumen C2 Endoscopic Device" (PDF).
  25. ↑ Hathorn, Kelly; McCarty, Thomas R.; Bazarbashi, Ahmad Najdat; Abbas, Ali M.; Runge, Thomas M.; Baghdadi, Osama; Aihara, Hiroyuki; Thompson, Christopher C. (May 2020). "Sa1660 A NOVEL MULTI-TASKING PLATFORM FOR ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION DECREASES PROCEDURE TIME, MUSCLE INJURY, AND ENDOSCOPIC WORKLOAD FOR COLORECTAL LESIONS: OUTCOMES OF A RANDOMIZED PILOT STUDY". Gastroenterology. 158 (6): S–373. doi:10.1016/S0016-5085(20)31625-5.
  26. ↑ McCarty, Thomas R.; Hathorn, Kelly; Bazarbashi, Ahmad Najdat; Lodhia, Nayna A.; Dolan, Russell D.; Grover, Amit S.; Thompson, Christopher C. (June 2020). "Sa1996 A STANDARDIZED TRAINING PROTOCOL FOR A NOVEL MULTI-TASKING PLATFORM DECREASES PROCEDURE TIME FOR COLORECTAL ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION: A RANDOMIZED PILOT STUDY". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 91 (6): AB233. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.1771.
  27. ↑ Turiani Hourneaux de Moura, D; Aihara, H; Jirapinyo, P; Farias, G; Hathorn, KE; Bazarbashi, A; Sachdev, A; Thompson, CC (August 2019). "Robot-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection versus conventional ESD for colorectal lesions: outcomes of a randomized pilot study in endoscopists without prior ESD experience (with video)". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 90 (2): 290–298. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2019.03.016. PMID 30922861.
  28. ↑ Moura, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de; Aihara, Hiroyuki; Thompson, Christopher C. (September 2019). "Robotic-assisted surgical endoscopy: a new era for endoluminal therapies". VideoGIE. 4 (9): 399–402. doi:10.1016/j.vgie.2019.04.014. PMC 6731331 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31517160.
  29. ↑ Gafford, J B; Ranzani, T; Russo, S; Aihara, H; Wood, R J; Walsh, C J; Thompson, C C (9–13 May 2016). Snap-On Robotic Wrist Module for Enhanced Dexterity in Endoscopy. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Stockholm, Sweden. pp. 4398–4405. doi:10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487639.
  30. ↑ Gafford, J B; Aihara, H; Thompson, C C; Wood, R J; Walsh, C J (2018). "Distal proprioceptive sensor for motion feedback in endoscope-based modular robotic systems". IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. 3 (1): 171–178. Bibcode:2018IRAL....3..171G. doi:10.1109/LRA.2017.2737042.
  31. ↑ "EndoQuest Robotics Announces Installation of the First Endoluminal Surgical System at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts". PR Newswire. 31 August 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  32. ↑ Hamlyn Symposium on Medical Robotics (9 June 2024). "Surgical Robot Challenge 2024 Finalist: Endoluminal Robotic Skills Simulator for Endoluminal Operating System (EOS)". YouTube. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
  33. ↑ Szvarca, D; Walradt, T; Aihara, H; Thompson, CC (28 October 2025). "Robot versus conventional ESD for colonic lesions: results from a randomising model trial". Gut. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-336937. PMID 41161709 Check |pmid= value (help).
  34. ↑ Srisuworanan, N; Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (May 2024). Robotic Endoluminal Sleeve Gastroplasty: Procedure Development and Technical Feasibility. Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2024. Washington, DC.
  35. ↑ Walradt, T (2025). "Full-thickness colon defect closure with an endorobotic system versus current endoscopic suturing techniques". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 101 (5): S597–S598. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2025.03.833.
  36. ↑ "IFSO 2025 Santiago Awards" (PDF). International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. September 2025. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  37. ↑ Cui, Y; Thompson, CC; Chiu, PWY; Gross, SA (September 2022). "Robotics in therapeutic endoscopy (with video)". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 96 (3): 402–410. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2022.05.019. PMID 35667390 Check |pmid= value (help).
  38. ↑ McCarty, TR; Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (July 2020). "Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Ghrelin, GLP-1, PYY, and GIP Gut Hormones: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". Annals of Surgery. 272 (1): 72–80. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000003614. PMID 31592891.
  39. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, AC; Kröner, PT; Chan, WW; Thompson, CC (March 2018). "Metabolic Effect of Foregut Exclusion Demonstrated by the Impact of Gastrogastric Fistula on Recurrence of Diabetes". Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 226 (3): 259–266.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.015. PMC 5826850. PMID 29274838.
  40. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (May 2017). "Endoscopic Bariatric and Metabolic Therapies: Surgical Analogues and Mechanisms of Action". Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : The Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association. 15 (5): 619–630. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.10.021. PMC 5444453. PMID 27989851.
  41. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Dayyeh, BK; Thompson, CC (December 2016). "Gastrojejunal anastomotic reduction for weight regain in roux-en-y gastric bypass patients: physiological, behavioral, and anatomical effects of endoscopic suturing and sclerotherapy". Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases : Official Journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery. 12 (10): 1810–1816. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2016.09.036. PMC 5178872. PMID 27998543.
  42. ↑ Thompson, CC; Jirapinyo, P; McCarty, TR; Brethauer, S; Shaheen, N; Sullivan, SA; Koch, T; Reavis, KM; Abu Dayyeh, BK; Wilson, EB; Schulman, AR; Butsch, WS; Gersin, KS; Apovian, CM; Schauer, P (7 November 2025). "A Multicenter Double-blind Randomized Sham-controlled Trial Assessing the EndoBarrier Duodenal-jejunal Bypass Liner for the Treatment of Poorly Controlled type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Concomitant Obesity: The ENDO Trial". Annals of Surgery. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000006974. PMID 41199626 Check |pmid= value (help).
  43. ↑ Rajagopalan, H; Cherrington, AD; Thompson, CC; Kaplan, LM; Rubino, F; Mingrone, G; Becerra, P; Rodriguez, P; Vignolo, P; Caplan, J; Rodriguez, L; Galvao Neto, MP (December 2016). "Endoscopic Duodenal Mucosal Resurfacing for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: 6-Month Interim Analysis From the First-in-Human Proof-of-Concept Study". Diabetes Care. 39 (12): 2254–2261. doi:10.2337/dc16-0383. PMID 27519448.
  44. ↑ Haidry, RJ; van Baar, AC; Galvao Neto, MP; Rajagopalan, H; Caplan, J; Levin, PS; Bergman, JJ; Rodriguez, L; Deviere, J; Thompson, CC (October 2019). "Duodenal mucosal resurfacing: proof-of-concept, procedural development, and initial implementation in the clinical setting". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 90 (4): 673–681.e2. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2019.03.024. hdl:2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/289694. PMID 30935932.
  45. ↑ "Fractyl Health Expands Board of Directors". Fractyl Health News Release. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  46. ↑ Ryou, M; Cantillon-Murphy, P; Azagury, D; Shaikh, SN; Ha, G; Greenwalt, I; Ryan, MB; Lang, JH; Thompson, CC (February 2011). "Smart Self-Assembling MagnetS for ENdoscopy (SAMSEN) for transoral endoscopic creation of immediate gastrojejunostomy (with video)". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 73 (2): 353–9. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2010.10.024. PMID 21183179.
  47. ↑ Machytka, E; Bužga, M; Zonca, P; Lautz, DB; Ryou, M; Simonson, DC; Thompson, CC (November 2017). "Partial jejunal diversion using an incisionless magnetic anastomosis system: 1-year interim results in patients with obesity and diabetes". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 86 (5): 904–912. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2017.07.009. PMID 28716404.
  48. ↑ Thompson, CC; Jirapinyo, P; Shah, R; Simsek, C (November 2022). "Gastroplasty With Endoscopic Myotomy (GEM) for the Treatment of Obesity: Preliminary Efficacy and Physiologic Results". Gastroenterology. 163 (5): 1173–1175. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2022.07.077. PMID 35961376 Check |pmid= value (help).
  49. ↑ "Best-of-best winners in their category, including the winner of the inaugural Mel Schapiro GIE award". X / Twitter: ASGE GI Endoscopy (@ASGEendoscopy). 24 May 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  50. ↑ Thompson, CC; Wainer, J; Liou, A; Khanna, N; Lee, L; Trasolini, R; West, J; Caplan, J; Rajagopalan, H (2023). "Initial feasibility and safety of a novel endoscopic ultrasound-guided local delivery system for AAV-based pancreatic gene therapy". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 97 (6): AB819. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2023.04.1330.
  51. ↑ Obstein, KL; Patil, VD; Jayender, J; San José Estépar, R; Spofford, IS; Lengyel, BI; Vosburgh, KG; Thompson, CC (February 2011). "Evaluation of colonoscopy technical skill levels by use of an objective kinematic-based system". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 73 (2): 315–21, 321.e1. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2010.09.005. PMC 3113705. PMID 21111413.
  52. ↑ Obstein, KL; Estépar, RS; Jayender, J; Patil, VD; Spofford, IS; Ryan, MB; Lengyel, BI; Shams, R; Vosburgh, KG; Thompson, CC (May 2011). "Image Registered Gastroscopic Ultrasound (IRGUS) in human subjects: a pilot study to assess feasibility". Endoscopy. 43 (5): 394–9. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1256241. PMC 4054821. PMID 21425041.
  53. ↑ Thompson, CC; Jirapinyo, P; Kumar, N; Ou, A; Camacho, A; Lengyel, B; Ryan, MB (September 2014). "Development and initial validation of an endoscopic part-task training box". Endoscopy. 46 (9): 735–44. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1365463. PMC 5019102. PMID 24770972.
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 Jirapinyo, P; Kumar, N; Thompson, CC (April 2015). "Validation of an endoscopic part-task training box as a skill assessment tool". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 81 (4): 967–73. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2014.08.007. PMID 25310934.
  55. ↑ Jirapinyo, Pichamol; Abidi, Wasif M.; Aihara, Hiroyuki; Zaki, Theodore; Tsay, Cynthia; Imaeda, Avlin B.; Thompson, Christopher C. (October 2017). "Preclinical endoscopic training using a part-task simulator: learning curve assessment and determination of threshold score for advancement to clinical endoscopy". Surgical Endoscopy. 31 (10): 4010–4015. doi:10.1007/s00464-017-5436-x. PMID 28229238.
  56. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (January 2024). "Development of a novel endoscopic suturing simulator: validation and impact on clinical learning curve (with video)". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 99 (1): 41–49. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2023.07.045. PMC 10994561 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 37536634 Check |pmid= value (help).
  57. ↑ "Endoscopic Skills Trainer (TEST Box)". Endosim. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  58. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (September 2018). "Training in Bariatric and Metabolic Endoscopic Therapies". Clinical Endoscopy. 51 (5): 430–438. doi:10.5946/ce.2018.148. PMC 6182289. PMID 30301319.
  59. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (July 2019). "How to Incorporate Bariatric Training Into Your Fellowship Program". Gastroenterology. 157 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.05.034. PMID 31150606.
  60. ↑ Jirapinyo, P; Thompson, CC (July 2021). "How to Incorporate Bariatric Training Into Your Fellowship Program". Gastroenterology. 161 (1): 15–20. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.04.030. PMID 33887220 Check |pmid= value (help).
  61. ↑ Kumar, N; Dayyeh, BA; Dunkin, BJ; Neto, MG; Gomez, V; Jonnalagadda, S; Kumbhari, V; Larsen, MC; Pannala, R; Ryou, MK; Sullivan, SA; Wilson, EB; Thompson, CC (June 2020). "ABE/ASGE position statement on training and privileges for primary endoscopic bariatric therapies". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 91 (6): 1230–1233. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2019.07.017. PMID 31558279.
  62. ↑ "ASGE Honors Leaders in GI Endoscopy". DDW News. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  63. ↑ "AGA Outstanding Mentors". AGA News. April 2025. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  64. ↑ Thompson, Christopher (2024). Bariatric Endoscopy (2nd 2024 ed.). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. ISBN 978-3031700033. Search this book on
  65. ↑ "FES Course Event". www.fescourse.com. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  66. ↑ "ASGE and ASGE Foundation hold Crystal Awards dinner as part of Digestive Disease Week, May 4, in Chicago" (PDF). American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 4 May 2014. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  67. ↑ "ACG Edgar Achkar Visiting Professorships". ACG Institute. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  68. ↑ "510(k) Premarket Notification K130972 – SharkCore™ Needle" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  69. ↑ "Pillsense FDA Clearance". FDA Access Data. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  70. ↑ "Cook Medical Enters Distribution Agreement with EnteraSense". Cook Medical. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  71. ↑ Ryou, M; Cantillon-Murphy, P; Azagury, D; Shaikh, SN; Ha, G; Greenwalt, I; Ryan, MB; Lang, JH; Thompson, CC (2011). "Smart Self-Assembling MagnetS for ENdoscopy (SAMSEN) for transoral endoscopic creation of immediate gastrojejunostomy (with video)". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 73 (2): 353–359. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2010.10.024. PMID 21183179.
  72. ↑ Machytka, E; Bužga, M; Zonca, P; Lautz, DB; Ryou, M; Simonson, DC; Thompson, CC (2017). "Partial jejunal diversion using an incisionless magnetic anastomosis system: 1-year interim results in patients with obesity and diabetes". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 86 (5): 904–912. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2017.07.009. PMID 28716404.
  73. ↑ "K243482: 510(k) Summary – Flexagon (GI Windows Surgical, Inc.)" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  74. ↑ "GI Windows takes on sutures and staples with self-forming magnet anastomosis system". Medical Design & Outsourcing (MD+DI). 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  75. ↑ "Study: GI Windows' magnetic anastomosis system may offer advantages over stapler in preclinical trials". Medical Design & Outsourcing (MD+DI). 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  76. ↑ "SimpleStitch FDA Clearance". FDA Access Data. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  77. ↑ "Everself: About". Everself. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
  78. ↑ "Forbes Contributor - Christopher Thompson". Forbes. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  79. ↑ "NCBI Public Bibliography - Christopher Thompson". NCBI NIH Public Bibliography. Retrieved 28 January 2026.
  80. ↑ "Christopher C. Thompson Scholar Profile". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 28 January 2026.


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