Climate Change and Reproductive Health
Climate change poses a significant threat to overall health, including reproductive health and well-being. Rising temperatures caused by greenhouse gas emissions lead to unpredictable weather patterns, wildfires, displacement, and stagnant water, all of which increase health risks worldwide. These conditions particularly affect vulnerable groups such as women, children, and the elderly.[1] Reproductive health refers to a condition of total physical, mental, and social well-being, rather than just the absence of illness or weakness, in all aspects connected to the reproductive system and its roles and processes. It means that individuals can enjoy a fulfilling and safe sexual life, have the ability to reproduce, and possess the freedom to choose if, when, and how often they wish to have children.[2]
Effects Of Climate Change on Fertility; an aspect of reproductive health.
Climate change affect both men and women negatively, the body heat in mean leads to spermatogenesis, causing a reduction in sperm count, decreased sperm motility, and abnormal sperm shape, all of which contribute to infertility.
Climate change leads to Climate change poses serious threats to women’s reproductive health and overall well-being. Factors such as rising average temperatures, frequent heat waves, poor air quality, extreme weather events, and changing rainfall and temperature patterns all have harmful effects on reproductive functions. Over the past five decades, global data indicate declining fertility rates, an increase in gestational diabetes, congenital abnormalities, infertility, as well as higher incidences of abortion and preterm births. Elevated environmental temperatures can disrupt the secretion of key reproductive hormones such as gonadotropins (LH and FSH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn affect egg development, early embryo growth, fetal and placental development, and even postpartum breastfeeding. Therefore, measures to safeguard women’s reproductive health and to mitigate or adapt to the effects of climate change must be prioritized at both national and global levels.[3]
References
- ↑ Segal, Thalia R.; Giudice, Linda C. (2022-08-01). "Systematic review of climate change effects on reproductive health". Fertility and Sterility. 118 (2): 215–223. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.06.005. ISSN 0015-0282. PMID 35878942 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ "Reproductive health". www.who.int. Retrieved 2025-10-30.
- ↑ Kılavuz, Mustafa; Ağralı, Cansu; Kanbay, Yalçın (2025-08-27). "As the planet warms, women pay the price: the climate change and reproductive health crisis". Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association. 100 (1): 14. doi:10.1186/s42506-025-00196-w. ISSN 2090-262X. PMC 12390898 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 40864340 Check|pmid=value (help).
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