Comparison of social democracy and social liberalism
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Social democracy is a revisionist view, founded by Kautsky, which advocates for socialism to come to power democratically and for the country to become socialist through liberal democracy, not revolution.[1] It is a democratic socialist ideology influenced by Ferdinand Lassalle's ideas of state socialism.[2]
Social liberalism, on the other hand, is "welfare liberalism"/"social justice liberalism", which was influenced by the Keynesian economic model and emerged after the "New Deal" in the USA. It doesn't support minarchy like classical liberals, they advocate the intervention of the state in the economy in times of crisis, it supports social markets. The social market economic policy in post-World War II West Germany, which was continued by the Social Democratic governments later on, was summarized by Ludwig Erhard, the deputy prime minister and economy minister of the Christian Democrat government under Konrad Adenauer's chancellorship:
| “ | I have pointed out on one occasion earlier that the State is in the role of supreme judge. If you'll excuse me, I'm going to use the football match analogy, which is perhaps a bit stereotypical. In my opinion, the state should not involve, just as the referee cannot be involved in the game. The important thing in a good football match is that the game is played by following certain rules; they are predetermined. My aim with the market economy policy, if we continue the same analogy, is to determine the rules of the game and to ensure order. | ” |
| — Ludwig Erhard, [3] | ||
However, after the emergence and rise of neoliberalism and the New Right between the 1970s and 1980s, social democrats moved away from their culture of "democratic socialism" and Marxism and started to follow social liberal policies, most social democratic parties shifted to the social liberal axis. This gave birth to the "Third Way" against the New Right.[4]
The biggest example of this is that Ludwig von Erhard, who made the "Wirtschaftswunder", Germany's economic miracle in the 1950s after the World War II, was an ordoliberal and his policies were adopted by the social democrats. Contrary to the establishment of the social democratic party in Germany, the fact that it is a social liberal-social marketer today is an example of this.[5]
After all, social democracy is the term used today for social market and social liberal policies, and they are far removed from their historical "democratic socialist" culture. Therefore, when speaking of theoretical social democracy, we refer to "classical social democracy" (the Kautskyite revisionist movement of socialism); it would be correct to distinguish the social democracy practiced in Europe today as "modern social democracy" (social liberalism).
References[edit]
- ↑ "Social democracy". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 27 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ↑ "Ferdinand Lassalle | German political leader". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ↑ Erhard, Ludwig (1958). Prosperity Through Competition (PDF). ABD: Frederick A. Praeger, Inc. Publishers. Retrieved 2 December 2021. Search this book on
- ↑ pplswar (31 October 2018). "Social Liberalism vs. Social Democracy: What's the Difference?". Medium. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ↑ "Social Democratic Party | History, Policies, & Structure". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 19 June 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
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