Concepción Loring
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Concepción Loring | |
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1927-12-01, Unión Patriótica, Concepción Loring y Heredia, marquesa de la Rambla (cropped).jpg | |
Born | Málaga (España) |
💀Died | 20 de junio de 1935 Madrid (España)20 de junio de 1935 |
💼 Occupation | |
Categoría:Mujeres María de la Concepción Loring y Heredia (Málaga, 4 March (or May) 1868-Madrid, 20 June 1935), known as Marquesa viuda de la Rambla, was a Spanish politician who is recognised as the first woman in history to speak in the Chamber of the Congress of Deputies during the National Assembly (1927-1929) of Primo de Rivera's Civil Directory.
Biography[edit]
Loring was the daughter of Jorge Loring y Oyarzábal, first Marquis of Loring, and the researcher and philanthropist Amalia Heredia Livermore.
She was born in Malaga but moved to Úbeda when she married Bernardo de Orozco y Moreno, Marquis of La Rambla and Grandee of Spain, in 1893. There, in 1909, she set up the Local Committee of the Red Cross, which she herself chaired. She was also a member of Acción Católica de la Mujer.
King Alfonso XIII recognised her philanthropic, economic and social work by awarding her the Golden Sash of Dama Noble de la Orden de María Luisa, which Queen Victoria Eugenia took part in.
Member of the national assembly[edit]
Her education and concerns made her an ideal candidate for Primo de Rivera's project for the social regeneration of Spain and at the age of 59, as the widowed Marquise de la Rambla, she was one of the fifteen women elected to the National Assembly as a representative of national life for her professional and social activities and was the only one of the assembly members elected for having excelled in activities of national life to hold a title of nobility.
After learning of her appointment, the Heraldo de Madrid, in its article "Women in the Assembly", reports her testimony: "the issues that interest me most are religious ones. What I have to try above all is to ensure that our religion is given due respect; that the State venerates it, protects it and ensures that it is respected by all".
Women in the National Consultative Assembly[edit]
The Assembly's main mission was to draft a new Constitution for Spain and it was made up of 429 people. Among the women elected, two were selected as representatives of the State - Isidra Quesada y Gutiérrez de los Ríos, widowed Countess of Aguilar de Inestrillas of the Royal Board of Trustees of the White Slave Trade, and Trinidad von Scholtz-Hermensdorff y de Behrz, widowed Duchess of Parcent, The rest on the basis of their own merits and as representatives of various "activities of national life" included María de Maeztu (by then director of the Residencia de Señoritas, trained in Krausist pedagogical ideals), five women linked to Catholic Women's Action: Josefina Olóriz (secretary of the Escuela Normal de Maestras de Guipúzcoa, councillor in San Sebastián and participant in the International Eucharistic Congress held in Logroño in 1927), María de Echarri (councillor in Madrid ) María López Monleón (member of the Confederación Nacional de Obreras Católicas), Teresa Luzzatti and María López de Sagreso (councillor in Barcelona and member of its Junta Provincial de Protección a la Infancia). Blanca de los Ríos and the Marquise de la Rambla also had links with the ACM. They were joined by Esperanza García de Torre de Luca de Tena, Micaela Díaz Rabaneda, Dolores Cebrián de Besteiro y Fernández de Villegas, and the widowed Marchioness of La Rambla herself, whose name, Concepción Loring, does not appear in the session diary.
In February 1928, the journalist María Dolores Perales y González Bravo (councillor of the Madrid City Council) joined the group and finally, three weeks after its dissolution, at the end of January 1930, Maria Doménech de Cañellas, a Catalan writer and activist, president of the Catholic Federation of Women Workers' Trade Unions, and the Valencian lawyer Clara Frías Cañizares, joined the group.
First speech in the Chamber[edit]
Concepción Loring spoke in the Assembly on 23 November 1927, becoming the first woman in the history of the Congress of Deputies to speak in the Chamber. In her speech she defended before the Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts, Eduardo Callejo de la Cuesta, that the teaching of religion should be compulsory in the baccalaureate. According to the Diario de Sesiones, the speaker began by greeting the government and almost apologising for speaking:
Feeling afterwards the necessity of finding an apology for what might seem audacity (and, it is a precise obligation) to be the first woman to speak from that place, and the superior competence of my companions being so notorious (...) Mothers generally produce the true believers; but, apart from the fact that not all of them are qualified for such teaching, are we to be content with the future leading classes of the nation having no more religious knowledge than a few notions of Catechism learned at home and expanded at school?[1]
In his response, the Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts highlighted the historic moment of a woman speaking for the first time in the Chamber, pointing out that the subject was sympathetic, very Spanish and genuinely feminine:
I would like to congratulate her most warmly and sincerely on having been the first lady to speak in the House, and we can also say in this Chamber. This is a fact and an historic moment that should be pointed out. Furthermore, she has chosen a very pleasant, very Spanish and genuinely feminine subject, because it is beautiful to see how these ladies, whom the government wanted to bring to the House so that women could participate politically in the government of the State, come to advocate ideals which are so dear to them, something which represents a racial background: the defence of religious education for the people. I also congratulate you on the wisdom with which it has been produced, with phrases of true eloquence in which the warmth of conviction and emotional feeling palpitated.[1]
[2]The planned script is broken by the president of the Assembly, Miguel Primo de Rivera, Marquis of Estella, who also highlights the historic moment of the initiation of women in Spanish politics with reproaches to the excessive zeal of certain overly conservative and traditionalist social sectors.
Finally, the president of the Assembly, José Yanguas Mesía, pointed out in reference to the women who attended the Assembly meeting: "the stands so full of a very numerous manifestation of the fair sex, which highlights the interest inspired by a subject such as that which the Marquesa de la Rambla has brought to the Assembly, as well as the sacrifice that it means for these ladies and young women not only to remain for a long time enduring the discomfort of these seats, but also to be silent".
Concepción Loring died in Madrid on 20 June 1935.
Personal life[edit]
She was the sister of a Loring who was assassinated as mayor of Malaga. She married Bernardo de Orozco y Moreno in Malaga in 1893, Marquis of La Rambla, a Spanish grandee and member of the Cortes for Úbeda. They had two children, Bernardo (Marquis of La Rambla, who died on 24 September 1918), and Amalia (Marchioness of San Juan de Buenavista), who married Fernando Meneses y Puertas.
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Diario de sesiones. Asamblea Nacional. Sesión plenaria" (PDF). 23 November 1927. p. 54-57.
- ↑ Benítez Palma, Enrique (January 2021). "La llegada de la mujer a la Carrera de San Jerónimo: un balance de las intervenciones de las integrantes de la Asamblea Nacional de Primo de Rivera (1927-1930)" (PDF). Feminismo/s , 37.
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