Constantine Mavroudis

---

Constantine Mavroudis
Constantine Mavroudis, MD.jpg
Born	July 19, 1946 Thasos, Greece
🏳️ Nationality	American
💼 Occupation	Cardiothoracic Surgeon Field: Congenital Cardiothoracic Surgery

Constantine Mavroudis, M.D. (born July 19, 1946) is a Greek-born American Congenital Heart Surgeon who has notable contribution to the field of congenital heart disease through research, publications, international speaking engagements and professional collaboration amongst cardiothoracic surgeons’ organizations.. Noteworthy contributions in way of surgical technique include the redo-Fontan, pulmonary valve-sparing tetralogy of Fallot repairs, anomalous aortic origin of coronary artery repair, coronary bypass in infants and children, arrhythmia cryoablation surgery and assisted in initiation of neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome for transplant. Dr. Mavroudis has contributed research articles, book chapters and text books including Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 3rd & 4th edition, and recent publication of the Atlas of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 1st edition. According to a search on Google Scholar, Mavroudis's work has been cited more than 15000 times, over 6000 times since 2012. He has spoken as guest lecturer and visiting professor at cardiac surgery conferences worldwide. The Mavroudis-Urschel Award established in 2006 is awarded annually to an STSA member who, in addition to important scientific contributions, encompasses "social spirit, camaraderie and fun for which STSA is famous". He was voted amongst Orlando's best Doctors in 2013 and the Finest Doctors in 2014 under the Pediatric Cardiac Surgery category by Best Doctors, Inc

Personal Life

Constantine Mavroudis was born in Thasos, Greece and emigrated to the United States of America at about one year of age by way of ship, the son of a naturalized American citizen. His father, Thomas Mavroudis was a restaurateur and his mother, Pauline Demetroudis had two other children, Peggy Mavroudis, an accountant, and Demetrious Mavroudis, a retired U.S. Marine currently an artist and sculptor. Constantine spent most of his childhood and adolescent years in Jersey City, NJ where he attended grade school, participated in the boy scouts and often helped at his father's restaurants.

Mavroudis married Martha Smith Mavroudis in ­­­­­­1982 in Louisville, Kentucky. Martha is a gourmet chef and painter. Her artwork focuses on florals, raptor bird and 21^st Century Surrealistic city scenes. Together, they have two children, the eldest Paula Mavroudis Strycula, a journalism and art history graduate from the University of Iowa now the Vice President of a public relations firm and an avid art collector. Their son, Dr. Constantine D. Mavroudis is a philosophy graduate of Williams College who attended medical school at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine currently in cardiothoracic surgical and research training program at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Constantine D. Mavroudis is an All-American USAT Triathlete and an All-World Ironman Triathlete.

Constantine Mavroudis is an avid athlete, having competed in college fencing and rugby in medical school and to date, he has participated in 11 marathons and nearly a hundred triathlons and continues to contend in half-Ironman races year round. He has a special interest in American history, world history and geography, and both ancient and modern philosophy.

Education and Training

Mavroudis attended William L. Dickinson High School in Jersey City, New Jersey. He is a member of the Hall of Fame at Dickinson High School. He attended Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ where he received his baccalaureus in Biological Sciences and Art in 1968. He began medical school at Jefferson Medical College and completed his medical degree at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia receiving his medical degree in 1973. He was accepted into the surgical internship and residency program at the University of California in San Francisco in 1973 under the preceptorship of Dr. J.E. Dunphy and Dr. Paul A. Ebert. Dr. Ebert quickly became Mavroudis's foundational mentor. Mavroudis continued his training under Dr. Ebert as Research Fellow from 1976-1977 and Fellowship in Cardiothoracic Surgery from 1979-1981. They remained close personal friends and colleagues until Ebert's death in 2009.

Faculty

Immediately following his training in San Francisco, Mavroudis accepted his first faculty position at the University of Louisville School of Medicine as Chief of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery from 1981-1989. It was at this time and through Mavroudis's collaboration an academic program was initiated at the University of Louisville for which congenital cardiothoracic surgical residents would train. During his 8 year tenure he introduced neonatal repairs for truncus arteriosus, arterial switch procedure for transposition of the great arteries and neonatal heart transplants for babies with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. His bench research contribution included neonatal cardioplegia strategies, blood flow distributions in left-to-right shunts and treatments for thoracic empyemas. He was promoted to Professor of Surgery in 1988 and was admitted to prestigious national and international cardiothoracic surgeons' organizations to share his works.

The following year, Mavroudis accepted the appointment of Willis J. Potts Professor of Surgery, Division Director of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Surgeon-in-Chief at Children’s Memorial Hospital-Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine where he would practice for a total of 19 years, working closely with Dr. Barbara Deal and Dr. Carl Backer. In 2008, Dr. Mavroudis transitioned to the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio as chair of Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery with a joint appointment in the Department of Bioethics at the Cleveland Clinic. In 2012, he accepted the position of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Site Director at Florida Hospital for Children in Orlando. This position entailed the initiation of a new Congenital Heart Surgery program at Florida Hospital for Children in Orlando with oversight from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and partnership with All Children's Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida. During this time, academic productivity has continued with the publication of the 4th edition of the text book Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, the first edition of the Atlas of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and over fifty peer reviewed articles and book chapters.

Development of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons' National Congenital Heart Surgery Database

In the early 1990's, Mavroudis was approached by Dr. Richard Clark to organize a series of meetings which initiated a hand-written perioperative data collection system from 24 centers across the United States. The data was then entered into a computer program resulting in the very first congenital cardiac surgery data entry from 1994-1997 with its first data harvest in 1999 called an international meeting which resulted in an accepted nomenclature that is updated by the International Committee on Congenital Heart Disease Nomenclature. Mavroudis partnered with colleague Dr. Jeffrey Jacobs and several other authors and surgeons to write the proceedings of the development. These early harvests and the nomenclature unification were critical in completing the congenital cardiac surgery database into what it it today- nationally recognized and publicly reported surgical results for congenital cardiac surgery at individual institutions.

Organizational Positions of Leadership

Dr. Mavroudis was the Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (STSA) President in 2002 for which he gave a presidential address in Miami on the interrelated courage between surgeon and patient. He was President of the Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society (CHSS) in 2005 and 2006 during which time he established CHSS as the face of congenital heart surgery in North America

Honors and Awards

Deborah Heart and Lung  Foundation	1978, 1979	National Research Award Finalist
San Francisco Surgical Society	1979	Research Prize Finalist
Western Thoracic Surgical Association	1979, 1980, 1981	Samson Resident Prize Finalist
Alpha Omega Alpha	1986	Election to National Honor Medical Society
Southern Thoracic Surgical Association	1996	President’s  Award for Best  Scientific Paper: "Taussig-Bing Anomaly: Arterial Switch versus  Kawashima Intraventricular Repair"
Hellenic Link- Midwest	1998	Krikos Humanitarian Award for  Activities Associated with the Hellenic Heart Program
Hellenic Bar Association	2005	Professional Achievement Award for Service to the Greek  Community
Sacred Heart Academy & Hardey Prep, Chicago, IL	2006	Sacred Heart Goal Award for Professional and Humanitarian Activities
Society  of Thoracic Surgeons	2007	J. Maxwell Chamberlain Memorial  Paper for Congenital Heart Surgery
Dickenson High School, Jersey City, NJ	2008	Dickinson High School Hall of  Fame
Southern Thoracic Surgical Association	2011	President’s  Award for Best Scientific Paper: "Contemporary Fontan Operation: Association of Type of Cavopulmonary  Connection with Early Outcome”

Professional Organizations, National and International

Organization	Years	Positions and Committees
American Association for Thoracic Surgery	1986	Membership Committee, 1994-1997 Program Committee, 2001-2003 Postgraduate Program Chairman for Congenital Heart Surgery, 2001, 2002
American Board of Thoracic Surgery		Consultant, Cardiac Subcommittee, 2004-2010
American College of Cardiology	1984-2010	Cardiovascular Surgery Committee, 1993-1996
American College of Chest Physicians	1983-1997	Program Committee, 1989
American College of Surgeons	1984	Pre- and Post-Operative Care Committee 1994-1999 Coordinating Committee for Continuing Education in Thoracic Surgery (SESATS VI), 1994-1995 Advisory Council for Cardiothoracic Surgery, 2001-2003; 2004-2006 Representative: Joint Council on Thoracic Surgical Education, 2002-2006
American Heart Association	1985-2010	Kentucky Research Peer Review Committee, 1985-1989 National Research Peer Review Committee, 1986-1988 Metropolitan Chicago Research Council, 1993-1996
American Surgical Association	1992
Association for Academic Surgery	1979
Congenital Heart Surgeons Society	1990	Vice President, 2003, 2004 President, 2005, 2006 Historian, 2013-2019
International Society for Heart Transplantation	1992
International Society of Surgery	1988
Medical Society of Thessaloniki, est. 1928	2006	Honorary Member
Society for Thoracic Surgical Education	1990	President, 2007
Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)	1985-Present	STS National Data Base Committee, 1988-2002 Committee on Standards and Ethics, 1991-1993 Strategic Planning Committee, 1995 Program Committee, 2000-2002 Program Committee Co-Chairman, 2002 Annals Liaison Committee, 2000-2002 Database Liaison Committee, 2000-2002 National Database Access and Publications Subcommittee, 2000-2002 Chairman, Congenital Heart Committee, 2000-2002 Continuing Medical Education Committee, 2001-2002 Workforce on National Database, 2002- 2011 Board of Directors, 2003-2005 Local Arrangements Chairman, 2006 Membership Committee, 2006-2008 Chairman, Membership Committee, 2008-2014 Workforce on Health Policy, Reform and Advocacy, 2006-2009
Society of University Surgeons	1983	Committee on Social and Legislative Issues, 1985-1987 Chairman, Committee on Social and Legislative Issues, 1987-1990 Executive Council, 1987-1990
Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia	1988	Honorary Member
Southern Thoracic Surgical Association	1983	Postgraduate Program Committee, 1990-1993 Chairman, Postgraduate Program Committee, 1993 Councilman-at-Large, 1997-1999 50th Anniversary Planning Committee Representative to the Advisory Council for Cardiothoracic Surgery of the American College of Surgeons, 2001-2006 President-Elect, 2001 President, 2002 Council Chairman, 2003 Council, 2001-2004 Nominating Committee, 2003-2006
World Society for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery	2006	Treasurer 2006-2014

Films and Tapes

Mavroudis C. Arterial Switch for TGA-IVS. Society of Thoracic Surgeons Video Tape Library, Chicago, 1993.

Mavroudis C, Backer CL. Atriopulmonary to Extracardiac Total Cavopulmonary Artery Fontan Conversion with Modified Right-Sided Maze Procedure. Southern Thoracic Surgical Association, Puerto Rico, 1999.

Mavroudis C, Backer CL. Ventricular Septal Defect Closure using Interrupted Suture Technique. American Association for Thoracic Surgery Post-Graduate Course, San Diego, 2001.

Backer CL, Mavroudis C. Repair of Complete Atrioventricular Canal by Two Patch Technique. American Association for Thoracic Surgery Post-Graduate Course, San Diego, 2001.

Mavroudis C, Backer CL. Rastelli Operation for Transposition, Ventricular Septal Defect, and Pulmonary Stenosis. American Association for Thoracic Surgery Post-Graduate Course, Washington, DC, 2002.

Patents

MAVID Heart Holder International: #PCT/US13/60325, Issued 18-Sep-2013;

·        US: #14/030,087, Issued 18-Sep-2013 (Patent pending)

Pericardial Holder; Patent Pending

Publications

• Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L.; Deal, B.J.; Johnsrude, C.L. (1998). "Fontan conversion to cavopulmonary connection and arrhythmia circuit cryoablation". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 115(3): 547–56.
• Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L.; Deal, B.J.; Johnsrude, C.; Strasburger, J. (2001). "Total cavopulmonary conversion and Maze procedure for patients with failure of the Fontan operation". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 122(5): 863–71.
• Mavroudis, C; Deal, B.J.; Backer, C.L. (2002). "The beneficial effects of total cavopulmonary conversion and arrhythmia surgery for the failed Fontan". Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 5: 12–24. doi:10.1053/pcsu.2002.31489. PMID 11994861.
• Backer, C.L.; Deal, B.J.; Mavroudis, C.; Franklin, W.H.; Stewart, R.D. (2006). "Conversion of the failed Fontan circulation". Cardiol Young. 16(suppl 1): 85–91.
• Mavroudis, C.; Deal, B.J.; Backer, C.L.; Stewart, R.D.; Franklin, W.H.; Tsao, S.; Ward, K.M.; deFreitas, A. (2007). "J. Maxwell Chamberlain Memorial Paper for Congenital Heart Surgery. 111 Fontan conversions with arrhythmia surgery: surgical lessons and outcomes". Ann Thorac Surg. 84(5): 1457–66.
• Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L.; Deal, B.J. "Late reoperations for Fontan patients: State of the art invited review". Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 34: 1034–1040.
• Deal, B.J.; Costello, J.M.; Tsao, S.; Webster, G.; Backer, C.L.; Mavroudis, C. (2016). "Intermediate-term Outcome of 140 Consecutive Fontan Conversions with Arrhythmia Surgery". Ann Thorac Surg. 101 (2): 717–24. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.09.017. PMID 26602004.</ref>
• Stewart, R.D.; Backer, C.L.; Young, L.; Mavroudis, C. (2005). "Tetralogy of Fallot: Results of a pulmonary valve-sparing strategy". Ann Thorac Surg. 80(4): 1431–9.
• Al Habib, H.F.; Jacobs, J.P.; Mavroudis, C.; Tchervenkov, C.I.; O'Brien, S.M.; Mohammadi, S.; Jacobs, M.L. (2010). "Contemporary patterns of management of tetralogy of Fallot: Data from the STS Database". Ann Thorac Surg. 90: 813–820.
• Mavroudis, C.; Mavroudis, C.D.; Frost, J.L. (2013). "Native Pulmonary Valve Restoration after Remote Tetralogy of Fallot Repair; How To Do It". World J Pediatr Cong Heart Surg. 4: 422–426.
• Mavroudis, C. (2013). "Pulmonary Valve Preservation Strategies for Tetralogy of Fallot Repair". Op Tech Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 18: 305–315.
• Mavroudis, C.D.; Jacobs, J.P.; Frost, J.; Mavroudis, C. (2014). "Pulmonary Valve Preservation and Restoration Strategies for Tetralogy of Fallot Repair". Cardiol Young. 24: 1088–1094.
• Backer, C.L.; Stout, M.J.; Zales, V.R.; Muster, A.J.; Weigel, T.J.; Idriss, F.S.; Mavroudis; C. (1992). "Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery. A twenty-year review of surgical management". J Thoracic Cardiovasc Surg. 103(6): 1049–58.
• Backer, C.L.; Hillman, N.; Dodge-Khatami, A.; Mavroudis, C. (2000). "Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: Successful surgical strategy without assist devices". Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 3: 165–72.
• Mavroudis, C.; Dodge-Khatami, A.; Stewart, R.D.; Jacobs, M.L.; Backer, C.L.; Lorber, R.E. (2010). "An overview of surgery options for congenital coronary artery anomalies". Future Cardiol. 6: 627–645.
• Kaushal, S.; Backer, C.L.; Walker, H.; Russell, H.; Koenig, P.; Rigsby, C.; Mavroudis, C. (2011). "Intramural coronary length correlates with symptoms in patients with anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery". Ann Thorac Surg. 92: 986–992.
• Mavroudis, C.; Mavroudis, C.D.; Jacobs, J.P. (2015). "Repair techniques for Anomalous Aortic Origin of the Coronary Arteries". Cardiol Young. 25: 1546–1560.
• Mavroudis, Constantine (1984). "Anatomic repair of transposition of the great arteries". J Ky Med Assoc. 82(6): 287–9.
• Mavroudis, Constantine (1987). "Anatomical repair of transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum in the neonate: Guidelines to avoid complications". Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 43(5): 495–501.
• Mavroudis, C; Backer, C.L.; Idriss, F.S. (1992). "Arterial switch for transposition of the great arteries and associated malposition anomalies (Review)". Advances in Cardiac Surgery. 3: 205–47.
• Rudra, H.; Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L.; Kaushal, S.; Russell, H.; Stewart, R.D.; Webb, C.; Sullivan, C. (2011). "The Arterial Switch Operation: A 25 Year Experience with 258 Patients". Ann Thorac Surg. 92: 1742–1746.
• Kron, I.L; Mavroudis, C.; Arensman, F.W.; Rees, A.H. (1989). "Anatomical repair of transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum in the neonate". Innovations in Congenital Heart Surgery. Philidelphia: Hanley & Belfus, Inc. pp. 311–30. Search this book on
• Green, M.A,; Gray, L.A. Jr; Slater, A.D.; Ganzel, B.L.; Mavroudis, C. (1991). "Emergency aortocoronary bypass after failed angioplasty". Ann Thorac Surg. 51(2): 194–9.
• Mavroudis, C; Backer, C.L.; Muster, A.J.; Pahl, E.; Sanders, J.H.; Zales, V.R.; Gevitz, M. (1996). "Expanding indications for pediatric coronary artery bypass". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 111(1): 181–9.
• Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L.; Duffy, C.E.; Pahl, E.; Wax, D.F. (1999). "Pediatric coronary artery bypass for Kawasaki congenital, post arterial switch, and iatrogenic lesions". Ann Thorac Surg. 68(2): 506–12.
• Gotteiner, N.; Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L.; Pahl, E.; Duffy, C.E.; Dalzell, V.; Shulman, S.T. (2002). "Coronary artery bypass grafting for Kawasaki disease". Pediatr Cardiol. 23(1): 62–7.
• Deal, B.J.; Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L. (2008). "The role of concomitant arrhythmia surgery in patients undergoing repair of congenital heart disease". PACE. 31(suppl 1): S13–6.
• Mavroudis, C.; Deal, B.J.; Backer, C.L.; Tsao, S. (2008). "Arrhythmia surgery in patients with and without congenital heart disease". Ann Thorac Surg. 86(3): 857–68.
• Mavroudis, C.; Deal, B.J.; Backer, C.L.; Stewart, R.D. (2013). "Operative techniques in association with arrhythmia surgery in patients with congenital heart disease". World J Pediatr Cong Heart Surg. 4: 85–97.
• Mavroudis, C.; Stulak, J.M.; Ad, N.; Seigel, A.; et al. (2015). "Prophylactic arrhythmia surgery in association with congenital heart operations: a critical review and recommendations". Ann Thorac Surg. 6: 226–238.
• Da Cruz, E.; Dunbar, I.; Jaggers, J.; Mavroudis, C.; Deal, B.J.; Backer, C.L. (2013). "Surgical Therapy of Conduction Disorders". Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Cardiac Intensive Care. London: Springer-Verlag. Search this book on
• Backer, C.L.; Idriss, F.S.; Zales, V.R.; Mavroudis, C. (1990). "Cardiac transplantation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome: A modified technique". Ann Thorac Surg. 50(6): 894–8.
• Mavroudis, C. (1991). "Session IV: Surgical techniques in pediatric heart transplantation. Implantation techniques for hypoplastic left heart syndrome". J Heart Transplant. 10(5): 809–14.
• Backer, C.L.; Zales, V.R.; Idriss, F.S.; Lynch, P.; Crawford, S.; Benson, D.W. Jr.; Mavroudis, C. (1992). "Heart transplantation in neonates and in children". J Heart Lung Transplant. 11(2 Pt 1): 311–9.
• Emery, R.W.; Arom, K.V.; Mavroudis, C.; Malias, M.; Harrison, H. (1991). "Infant orthotopic cardiac transplantation for left ventricular and aortic tract malformations". The Aortic Valve. Philidelphia: Hanley & Belfus, Inc. pp. 115–29. Search this book on
• Mavroudis, Constantine; Backer; Carl (2013). Pediatric Cardiac Surgery (2nd ed.). London: Wiley-Blackwell Inc. Search this book on
• Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L. (2003). Pediatric Cardiac Surgery (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Mosby Inc. Search this book on
• Mavroudis, C.; Backer, C.L. (2013). Pediatric Cardiac Surgery (4th ed.). London: Wiley-Blackwell Inc. Search this book on
• Mavroudis, Constantine; Backer, Carl (2015). Atlas of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. London: Springer-Verlag Inc. Search this book on
• Mavroudis, C.; Jonas, R.A.; Bove, E.L. (2015). "Aldo R. Castañeda Lecture: Personal glimpses into the evolution of Truncus Arteriosus repair". World J Pediatr Cong Heart Surg. 6: 226–238.
• Mavroudis, C. (1978). "To pulse or not to pulse (collective review)". Ann Thorac Surg. 25(3): 259–71.
• Mavroudis, C.; Ebert, P.A. (1978). "The effects of potassium cardioplegia and hypothermia on the distribution of water and ions in the canine heart". Surgery. 83(4): 476–81.
• Mavroudis, C.; Ebert, P.A. (1979). "Effects of high potassium cardioplegia and hypothermia on myocardial compliance and distribution of water and potassium". Surgery. 85 (6): 662–70. PMID 156410.
• Raffa, J.; Mavroudis, C.; Trunkey, D.D.; Ebert, P.A. (1979). "The effects of hypothermia and cardioplegia on cardiac intracellular membrane potentials". J Surg Res. 26(1): 58–93.
• Mavroudis, C.; Ebert, P.A. (1979). "Does high potassium cardioplegic arrest protect hypertrophied hearts as well as normal hearts?". Curr Surg. 36(6): 426–9.
• Ganzel, B.L.; Katzmark, S.L.; Mavroudis, C. (1985). "Myocardial preservation in the newborn: Beneficial effects of potassium cardioplegia and systemic hypothermia in piglets undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischemia". Surg Forum. 36: 261–3.
• Ganzel, B.L.; Katzmark, S.L.; Mavroudis, C. (1988). "Myocardial preservation in the neonate. Beneficial effects of cardioplegia and systemic hypothermia on piglets undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischemia". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 96(3): 414–22.
• Rees, A.H.; Solinger, R.E.; Elbl, F.; Mavroudis, C. (1986). "18-21: Obstructive lesions; Surgical treatment of acyanotic lesions with left-to-right shunts; Surgical treatment of cyanotic lesions with increased pulmonary blood flow; and Surgical treatment of cyanotic lesions with decreased pulmonary blood flow". Handbook of Pediatric Cardiology. St. Louis: Green, Inc. pp. 133–40, 141–7, 148–52, 153–7. Search this book on
• Mavroudis, C.; Brown, G.; Howe, W.R.; Gray, L.A. Jr. (1982). "Studies on hypothermia and circulatory arrest: damaging effect of surface cooling on distribution of cardiac output in the presence of large left to right shunts". Surg Forum. 33: 279–81.
• Mavroudis, C.; Katzmark, S.; Howe, W.R.; Gray, L.A. Jr. (1984). "Creation of left-to-right shunts in the newborn pig: A new model". J Surg Res. 36(3): 274–7.
• Mavroudis, C.; Brown, G.L.; Katzmark, S.L.; Howe, W.R.; Gray, L.A. Jr. (1984). "Blood flow distribution in infant pigs subjected to surface cooling, deep hypothermia, and circulatory arrest. Deleterious effects in pigs with left-to-right shunts". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 87(5): 665–72.
• Mavroudis, C.; Gott, J.P.; Katzmark, S. (1985). "The effect of surface cooling on blood flow distribution in infant pigs with mature left to right shunts". Cryobiology. 22(3): 243–50.
• Mavroudis, C.; Symmonds, J.B.; Minagi, H.; Thomas, A.N. (1981). "Improved survival in management of empyema thoracis". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 82(1): 49–57.
• Mavroudis, C.; Ganzel, B.L.; Katzmark, S.; Polk, H.C. Jr. (1985). "Effect of hemothorax on experimental empyema thoracis in the guinea pig". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 89(1): 243–50.
• Mavroudis, C.; Ganzel, B.L.; Katzmark, S.L. (1985). "Effect of hemothorax on mixed aerobic-anaerobic empyema thoracis in the guinea pig". Surg Forum. 36: 74–5.
• Mavroudis, C.; Ganzel, B.L.; Cox, S.K.; Polk, H.C. Jr. (1987). "Experimental aerobic-anaerobic thoracic empyema in the guinea pig". Ann Thorac Surg. 43(3): 298–302.
• Mavroudis, C.; Malangoni, M.A.; Katzmark, S.L.; Montgomery, R.; Schrodt, C.R.; Polk, H.C. Jr. (1988). "The comparative clearance rates of the pleural and peritoneal cavities". Arch Surg. 123(2): 157–61.
• Mavroudis, C.; Katzmark, S.L.; Ganzel, B.L.; Gray, L.A.Jr.; Polk, H.C. Jr. (1988). "Successful treatment of empyema thoracis with polymethylmethacrylate antibiotic-impregnated beads in the guinea pig". Ann Thorac Surg. 46(6): 615–8.

References

This article "Constantine Mavroudis" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Constantine Mavroudis. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

---