Dr. David Mark Dror

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Dr. David Mark Dror
Born	Switzerland
🏡 Residence	India from January 2010 to August 2017
🏳️ Citizenship	Switzerland
🏫 Education	Ph.D. in Economics and Management (Summa Cum Laude / mention très honorable avec félicitations du jury). Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France DBA (Magna cum Laude) in Health Services. St. George University, London & Japan Active Labor Policy Development Diploma. International Institute for Labour Studies, Geneva MBA in Business Administration. Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel BA in Liberal Arts. State University of New York, Buffalo State, USA
💼 Occupation

Dr. David M. Dror is Founding Chairman & managing director of the Micro Insurance Academy (New Delhi), the world’s leading technical advisory in micro insurance to grassroots groups. He also founded Social Re Consultancy (Pvt.) Ltd. He has 35+ years of professional research and management experience. He served as Hon. Professor at Erasmus University Rotterdam (Inst. of Health Policy & Management) and earlier at Univ. d’Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, after serving for many years with the ILO Social Security Dept. His research focuses on analysis explaining the low insurance uptake by persons in the informal sector in low-income countries, and developing effective ways to encourage uptake of insurance at the base-of-the-pyramid among informal sector and rural populations. David has been a founding member of the CGAP Working Group on Micro insurance, which was later transformed into the Micro insurance Network. He has published several books and over 90 papers in refereed journals, acts as guest editor and reviewer for high-impact journals, delivers keynote addresses in professional meetings, and interacts regularly with civil society organizations active at the grassroots level in several countries.

The BIG ideas

Demand Redefined: From dormant to solvent demand.

If health insurance enables people to manage the cost of healthcare better and improve access to necessary healthcare, why then are most rural and poor people in the informal sector of many LMICs uninsured, preferring to bear most healthcare costs out-of-pocket? And under what conditions would the 3 billion or so in the informal sector of LMICs seek voluntary contributory health insurance? David offers some novel insights[1]: Firstly, people in the informal sector are usually members of groups, and view their personal welfare as linked to that of this group. Therefore, if most people of the group view health insurance as adding welfare to that community, most members would agree to join health insurance. This is fundamentally different from individual considerations of utility to self. Secondly, a necessary condition is that people trust the governance arrangements of the health insurance, as these create willingness to pay. Involving the community in governance enhances trust, and therefore this is an essential step, not just “nice to have” in the informal sector. Thirdly, people agree to pay for benefits they prioritize, and at prices they consider relevant and affordable. Hence, willingness to pay reflects the benefit of belonging to the group rather than an abstract monetized value of the expected out-of-pocket expenses that might be covered by the insurance.

The policy implications of these insights are that institutions of state and the business community should facilitate and enhance the development of the market for (micro) health insurance in the informal sector by supporting the strengthening of local awareness among local communities of how health insurance is compensating for local risks, and that it can be trusted as it applies local governance.

Reinsurance for Development

Community-based insurance schemes are great platforms for expansion of voluntary and contributory health insurance in the informal sector, but they face unexpected expenditure fluctuations. The classical solution to this financial risk is maintaining reserves, a practice that is itself risky and difficult-to-implement in the informal sector. A better, less risky solution is to reinsure the schemes’ outlier expenditures above a defined threshold.

David has developed such a model in 2002, called Social Re (assuming that the reinsurance premium could be subsidized by governments and would be cheaper than direct provision of care or insurance). Social Re can benefit micro insurance units in two ways: It obviates the need to maintain contingency reserves without compromising sustainability of the scheme, and it reduces variance of the risk (when a larger pool is created through reinsurance). Both advantages reduce the cost of insurance to the poor, and enhance sustainable operations of micro insurance.

The policy implication of the Social Re model is that governments and the business community should facilitate and enhance the ability of micro insurance units to access Social Re because this would capture both the social benefits of small schemes (“small is beautiful”) and the pooling of risks in a large pool (“big is beautiful”).

Financial inclusion through insurance education

Inclusion begins by people’s desire to be included, and a shared understanding of what this means. Among the poor, or rural populations, or groups in the informal sector, “financial” or “insurance” rhyme more with exclusion than inclusion. Shifting the paradigm from exclusion to inclusion requires that people first understand that there is a benefit in inclusion, and that they can avail of that benefit. Discussion, consensus building, dialog must precede action, so that people understand the basic concepts, get used to the terminology, and reach cultural acceptance to use this language even before they decide to participate. Surprising as it may sound, there has been no dedicated institution to impart insurance education to grassroots groups (different from insurance education for insurance professionals). In 2007, David established The Micro Insurance Academy (MIA) in Delhi (India) to fill this institutional gap, to deliver insurance domain-knowledge unrelated to selling insurance, and not-for-profit, with the mission of Helping Communities Manage Risks from the Ground Up. By facilitating iterative and game-like exercises [in which each community can identify and prioritize risks that should be included in insurance, and price those “packages” to suit what people are willing to pay] MIA has developed methods to overcome the barriers of literacy and numeracy. 

The policy implication of insurance education is that governments and the business community, that stand to gain most from insurance penetration at the base of the pyramid, can and should support and facilitate financial inclusion and insurance literacy in the informal sector.

Personal and institutional awards

March	2017	Associate member of International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)
December	2016	The Skoch Order of Merit 2016  for our Climate Resilience through Risk Transfer (RES RISK) listed among “top 100 projects in India in 2016”
November	2016	Finalist, 2017 Risk Award organized by Munich Re Foundation and UNISDR
November	2016	Best Paper Award bestowed by the 20th Asian Actuarial Conference on David Dror for paper “Climate Cost of Cultivation: A new crop index method to quantify farmers’ cost of cultivation, exemplified in rural India”.
July	2016	The CSR Journal (India) SWAG (Social Welfare & Growth) Awards 2016 in Environment & Agriculture to MIA for the project Climate Resilience through Risk Transfer
June	2016	IIS (the International Insurance Society) bestowed the 2016 Shin Research Excellence Award on our paper entitled Climate Cost of Cultivation: A new crop index method to quantify farmers’ cost of cultivation, exemplified in rural India.
June	2016	MIA ranked 161st NGO worldwide (ranking by Geneva Global of the 500 Top NGOs)
February	2016	Distinguished Alumnus Award, Buffalo State, New York, USA
June	2015	Skoch Order-of-Merit Award, India
March	2015	Lifetime Achievement “Karmaveer Puraskaar” Award (male) for Social Justice and Citizen Action, by the International Confederation of NGOs
January	2015	MIA ranked 181st NGO worldwide (ranking of the Top 500 NGOs by Geneva Global)
October	2014	MIA accredited under “Desirable Norms” (highest category) by Credibility Alliance
January	2014	ISO Certification Certificate n° 94017-2011-AQ-IND-RvA Rev03
December	2013	MIA accredited under “Basic Norms” by Credibility Alliance
December	2012	Outstanding Achievement Award for Contribution to Social Welfare Issues and Improving Access to Healthcare in India, bestowed by the Public Relations Council of India (PRCI)
December	2012	ISO certification Certificate n° 94017-2011-AQ-IND-RvA Rev02
January	2012	ISO certification Certificate n° 94017-2011-AQ-IND-RvA Rev01
November	2011	Global Citizen Lifetime Achievement “Karmaveer Puraskaar” Award for Social Justice and Citizen Action, by the International Confederation of NGOs
October	2011	“Educational Service Provider of the Year - Special Award” for “the MIA's innovative training methods, customized to the needs of low-income groups” Awards by the Asia Insurance Industry
March	2011	ISO certification Certificate n° 94017-2011-AQ-IND-RvA
October	2010	“Educational Service Provider of the Year” for “the MIA's innovative training methods, customized to the needs of low-income groups”
November	2009	“Personality of the Year” Award, for “groundbreaking research and study which has helped boost understanding of how the world’s poorest communities can benefit from microinsurance”
September	2009	“HEAL Honour” in recognition of leadership role in Micro Health Insurance; bestowed by HEAL (Health Essayists & Authors’ League) is an Indian Foundation
September	1981	Berliner Prize for outstanding research in insurance (Tel Aviv University, Israel)

Professional associations

• International Health Economics Association (iHEA)
• Micro Insurance Network (MiN)

Professional engagements

• 2019, 2016, and 2014: Guest Editor of the Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance (special issue on microinsurance)
• 2016: Member of the Scientific and Technical Advisory Group, Global Risk Forum (GRF) Davos / International Disaster and Risk Conference (IDRC)
• 2016: Honorary professor emeritus, Shobhit University Meerut, UP, India
• 2007-present: Micro Insurance Academy as Founding Chairman, (microinsuranceacademy.org/)
  • 2010 onwards: as Managing Director, leads & guides strategy, ensures smooth operations and effective decision-making.
• 2004-2014: Academic and teaching engagements
  • Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands: 2009-2014: Principal investigator in a large EC-FP7 project; 2005 – 2011: honorary professor (health insurance in low-income countries); 2004 visiting professor: health economics
  • Clermont-Ferrand University /CERDI, France:            
• 2005-2010: Professeur invité in Health Economics; 2003, 2004 external lecturer
  • Lyon-1 University /LASS, France: 2002-2004 Associate Director of Research in Health Systems
• 1982-2003: ILO as Senior (diplomatic rank) social security specialist, (stationed in Geneva Headquarters)
• To date: Consultancy
  • Work was done in Kyrgyzstan, Uganda, S. Africa, Ethiopia, Nigeria; Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Kenya, Rwanda, Afghanistan, Malawii.

Research interests

• Theory of demand for (micro) health insurance in the informal sector of low- & middle-income countries
• Impact evaluation of community-based insurance schemes
• The financial ramifications of risk exposure on financial status of rural poor (e.g. “Hardship financing”; asset retention/depletion/accumulation)
• Welfare gains for insured vs. uninsured in the informal sector of low- & middle-income countries
• Theoretical and empirical explanation of willingness to pay for health insurance among the poor
• Pricing of micro insurance with high-resolution data anchors to local risk exposure
• Perfecting the process of implementing micro insurance by articulating the relations between change-maker, decision-maker, and market-maker
• Designing and applying micro insurance to enhance resilience of rural poor to climate-change related risks
• Empowerment vs. entitlements: what policy yields better benefits for rural poor? and how to do it?

Publications

(Partial list; from most recent back to 2007)

2017

• Sharma Vaibhav, Hans Sachin, Chakraborty Arpita, Majumdar Atanu, Dror David M. Community Involvement in Crop Insurance Schemes – A Case Study in Bihar, India (submitted)
• Dror DM, (2017): Financing Micro Health Insurance: Theory and New Evidence. (Book; in process)
• Dror, DM, Chakraborty, A., Majumdar (2017): The Effect of Consensus on Catalyzing Demand for Voluntary Uptake of Community-Based Micro Health Insurance in Rural India. (In process)
•  Dror, DM, Majumdar A, Jangle N. (2017): Can Health Microinsurance Serving Rural Poor Populations be Financially Sustainable? Proving the Business Case with Data from India and Nepal. (Submitted for publication).
• Dror DM, Jambhekar S (2017): Microinsurance Implementation Training Manual. New Delhi, Micro Insurance Academy, March 2017. ISBN 978-81-909841-8-8, xviii+113 pp

2016

• Dror DM, Hossain SAS, Majumdar A, Pérez Koehlmoos TL, John D, Panda PK (2016) What Factors Affect Voluntary Uptake of Community-Based Health Insurance Schemes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries? A Systematic Review and meta-analysis. PLOS One 11(8): e0160479. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0160479

Protocol available online at http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=mlD5N28OmEs%3D&tabid=3174

Full-length report available online at http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/Default.aspx?tabid=3499

• Dror, D.M., Chakraborty, A., Majumdar, A., Panda, P. and Koren, R. (2016) ‘Impact of community-based health insurance in rural India on self-medication & financial protection of the insured’, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 143(6), pp. 809–820. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.192075.

• Nosratnejad S, Rashidian A, Dror DM (2016) Systematic Review of Willingness to Pay for Health Insurance in Low and Middle-Income Countries. PLOS One 11(6): e0157470.  doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0157470

• Dror DM. (2016): Guest Editorial. Special issue on microinsurance The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Issues and Practice, 41, 179–183. doi:10.1057/gpp.2016.10
• Jangle, N., Sharma, V. Dror, DM (2016) ‘Statistical geospatial modeling of arsenic concentration in Vaishali district of Bihar, India’, Sustain. Water Resour. Manag. 2:285–295 doi: 10.1007/s40899-016-0049.
• Jangle N, Mehra M, Dror DM (2016). Climate Cost of Cultivation: a method to quantify the added cost to farmers of climate-change, illustrated in rural India. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance. 41, 280–306. doi:10.1057/gpp.2016.6

• Dror DM, Jambhekar S (Editors): Microinsurance Business Processes Handbook. New Delhi, Micro Insurance Academy, Jan 2016. ISBN 978-81-909841-7-1, xxii+144 pp.

• Raza, W. A., Van de Poel, E., Panda, P., Dror, DM. and Bedi, A. (2016) ‘Healthcare seeking behavior among self-help group households in rural Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India’, BMC Health Services Research, 16(1). doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-1254-9.

2015

• Dror, DM. (2015) ‘Localism: The bridgehead to “less government, more governance”’, Inclusion, 6(2), pp. 59–62.
• Sharma, B., Jangle, N., Bhatt, N. and Dror, DM. (2015) ‘Can climate change cause groundwater scarcity? An estimate for Bihar’, International Journal of Climatology, p. n/a–n/a. doi: 10.1002/joc.4266.
• Panda, P., Chakraborty, A. and Dror, DM. (2015) ‘Building awareness to health insurance among the target population of community-based health insurance schemes in rural India’, Tropical Medicine & International Health, 20(8), pp. 1093–1107. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12524
• Panda, P., Chakraborty, A. and Dror, DM. (2015) ‘Mobilizing community-based health insurance to enhance awareness & prevention of airborne, vector-borne & waterborne diseases in rural India’, Indian J Med Res, 142(2), pp. 151–164. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.164235.

2014

• Dror DM, Donovan, L, Majumdar A (2014): A Study on the Community-based Health Insurance in Rwanda: Enrolments, Deficit, and Strategies for Sustainability. Unpublished monograph. December. 72 pp.
• Dror, DM., and Firth, L. A. (2014) ‘The Demand for (Micro) Health Insurance in the Informal Sector’, The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Issues and Practice, 39(4), pp. 693–711. doi: 10.1057/gpp.2014.24.

• Dror, DM. Panda, P., May, C., Majumdar, A. and Koren, R. (2014) ‘“One for all and all for one”: consensus-building within communities in rural India on their health microinsurance package’, Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, pp. 139-153. doi: 10.2147/rmhp.s66011.
• Dror, DM., and Piesse, D. (2014) ‘What is Microinsurance?’ in Radermacher, R. and Roth, K. (eds.) A Practical Guide to Impact Assessments in Microinsurance. Luxemburg and New Delhi: Microinsurance Network and Micro Insurance Academy, pp. 24–39.
• Dror DM. (2014): Guest Editorial. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Issues and Practice, 39(2), pp. 197–200. doi:10.1057/gpp.2014.9
• Dror, DM. Majumdar, A., Panda, P., John, D. and Koren, R. (2014) ‘Implementing a Participatory Model of Micro Health Insurance among Rural Poor with Evidence from Nepal’, The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Issues and Practice, 39(2), pp. 280–303. doi: 10.1057/gpp.2013.31.
• Binnendijk, E., Koren, R. and Dror, DM. (2014) ‘A Model to Estimate the Impact of Thresholds and Caps on Coverage Levels in Community-Based Health Insurance Schemes in Low-Income Countries’, Health, 06(09), pp. 822–835. doi: 10.4236/health.2014.69104.
• Dror DM (2014): Entitlements, Empowerment, and Welfare Gains through Health Microinsurance in Afghanistan. Report to the Ministry of Health of Afghanistan. February. 30 pp.
• Dror, DM. (2014) Health Microinsurance Programs in Developing Countries in Culyer, A. J. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Health Economics. United States: Elsevier Science, Vol 1. pp. 412-421

2013

• Panda, P., Chakraborty, A., Dror, DM. and Bedi, A. S. (2013) ‘Enrolment in community-based health insurance schemes in rural Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India’, Health Policy and Planning, 29(8), pp. 960–974. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czt077.
• Binnendijk, E., Dror, DM, Gerelle, E. and Koren, R. (2013) ‘Estimating Willingness-to-Pay for health insurance among rural poor in India by reference to Engel’s law’, Social Science & Medicine, 76, pp. 67–73. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.10.006.
• Panda P, Dror I, Koehlmoos T, Hossain S, John D, Khan J, Dror DM (2013). What factors affect take-up of voluntary and community-based health insurance programs in low- and middle-income countries? A systematic review (Protocol). London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.

2012

• Binnendijk, E., Koren, R. and Dror, DM. (2012) ‘Can the rural poor in India afford to treat non-communicable diseases’, Tropical Medicine & International Health, 17(11), pp. 1376–1385. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.03070.x.
• Binnendijk, E., Gautham, M., Koren, R. and Dror, DM. (2012) ‘Illness Mapping: a time and cost-effective method to estimate healthcare data needed to establish community-based health insurance’, BMC Medical Research Methodology, 12(1), p. 153. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-153.
• Dror, DM. and Vellakkal, S. (2012) ‘Is RSBY India′s platform for implementing universal hospital insurance?’, The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 135(1), p. 56. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.93425.
• Binnendijk, E., Koren, R. and Dror, DM. (2012) ‘Hardship financing of healthcare among rural poor in Orissa, India’, BMC Health Services Research, 12(1), p. 23. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-12-23.
• Dror, DM. and Koren, R. (2012) ‘The Elusive Quest for Estimates of Willingness to Pay for Health Micro Insurance among the Poor in Low-Income Countries’, in Churchill, C. and Matul, M. (eds.) Micro Insurance Compendium II. Geneva: ILO, pp. 156–173.

2010-11

• Gautham, M., Koren, R., Binnendijk, E. and Dror, DM. (2011) ‘First, we go to the small doctor’: First contact for curative health care sought by rural communities in Andhra Pradesh & Orissa, India’, The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 134(5), p. 627. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.90987.
•  Doyle, C., Panda, P., Van de Poel, E., Radermacher, R. and Dror, DM. (2011) ‘Reconciling research and implementation in micro health insurance experiments in India: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial’, Trials, 12(1), p. 224. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-12-224.
• Dror DM, Radermacher R (Editors) (2010): Financial Inclusion Opportunities for Micro Health Insurance in Nepal: An Exploratory Analysis of Health Incidence, Costs and Willingness to Pay in Dhading and Banke Districts of Nepal, Prior to Launching Community Based Microinsurance. New Delhi, Micro Insurance Academy, Jan. ISBN 978-81-909841-0-2, vii+141 pp.

2008-09

• Dror, DM., Radermacher, R., Khadilkar, S. B., Schout, P., Hay, F.-X., Singh, A. and Koren, R. (2009) ‘Microinsurance: Innovations In Low-Cost Health Insurance’, Health Affairs, 28(6), pp. 1788–1798. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.28.6.1788.
• Dror, DM, van Putten-Rademaker, O. and Koren, R. (2009) ‘: Incidence of Illness among Resource-Poor Households:  Evidence from Five Locations in India’, Indian J Med Res, 130, pp. 146–154.
• Dror, DM (2008): A Socio-Economic Profile of the Micro (Health) Insurance Target Population. Asian Insurance Review, pp. 80-81, December.
• Dror, DM. van Putten, O., and Koren, R. (2008) ‘Cost of illness: Evidence from a study in five resource-poor locations in India’, Indian J for Med Res, 127, pp. 347–361.
• Dror, DM (2008): Micro Health Insurance: the quest for a balance between different interests of healthcare providers, clients, and insurers. Health Action, (Secundrabad) 28(5): 10-12.

2007

• Dror, DM. (2007) ‘Why “one-size-fits-all” health insurance products are unsuitable for low-income persons in the informal economy in India’, Asian Economic Review, 49(1), pp. 47–56. (Hyderabad)
• Dror, DM. Koren, R., Ost, A., Binnendijk, E., Vellakkal, S. and Danis, M. (2007) ‘Health insurance benefit packages prioritized by low-income clients in India: Three criteria to estimate the effectiveness of choice’, Social Science & Medicine, 64(4), pp. 884–896. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.10. 032..
• Dror, DM. Radermacher, R. and Koren, R. (2007) ‘Willingness to pay for health insurance among rural and poor persons: Field evidence from seven micro health insurance units in India’, Health Policy, 82(1), pp. 12–27. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2006.07. 011.
• Dror, DM (2007): Micro Health Insurance in India: Pointers for Progress, IRDA Journal, (Hyderabad), 5(12): 7-11
• Danis M, Binnendijk E, Ost A, Vellakkal S, Koren R, Dror DM. (2007): Eliciting the Health Insurance Benefit Choices of Low-income Populations in India with the CHAT Exercise, Economic and Political Weekly (Mumbai) 42(32):3331-3339 August 11-17.

Publication preceding 2007

• Dror, DM (2006): Health insurance for the Poor: Myths and Realities, Economic and Political Weekly (Mumbai), 41 (43-44):4541-4544.
• Dror DM, Radermacher R, Vij, J (Editors) (2006): Developing Pro-Poor Health Insurance in India. Compendium edited for an International Conference on Micro Health Insurance, IV+298 pp.
• Dror DM, Armstrong J: (2006) Do Micro Health Insurance Units Need Capital or Reinsurance? A Simulated Exercise to Examine Different Alternatives. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance 31, 739–761.
• Dror DM, Koren R, Steinberg DM (2006): The Impact of Filipino Micro Health Insurance Units on Income-related Equality of Access to Healthcare Health Policy 77 (3):304-317 doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2005.08.001
• Dror DM (2006): Reinsurance and other Facilities for the Indian Micro Health Insurance System? FORTE Insurance Journal (special issue on Micro Insurance) (Delhi, India), pp. 41-49
• Dror DM, Wiechers, Th (2006): The Role of Insurers and Reinsurers in Supporting Insurance to the Poor. Chapter 5.4 in Churchill C. (ed.): “Protecting the Poor: A Microinsurance Compendium”, Geneva, ILO, pp. 524-544.

• Dror, DM (2006): Dealing with Adversity through Diversity, Pravartak (Journal on insurance and management published by the National Insurance Academy of India) special issue on insurance & disaster management, Pune, pp. 28-33
• Dror DM, Soriano E, Sarol J, Azcuna R, Lorenzo M, Koren R (2005): Field-based evidence of enhanced healthcare utilization among persons insured by Micro Health insurance Units in Philippines, Health Policy, 73(3):263-271.
• Dror DM, Armstrong J, Kalavakonda V (2005): Why Micro Health Insurance Schemes Cannot Forego Reinsurance, Journal of Insurance and Risk Management (special issue on micro health insurance) (Noida, India), Dec. 2005, 4(7):1-29
• Dror DM, Radermacher R (2005): Integrating Health Insurance for the Poor into the Indian Insurance Scenario, Insurance Watch (Gurgaon, India), July, 3(12):11-15
• Radermacher R, Wig N, van Putten-Rademaker O, Müller V, Dror DM (2005):  Good and Bad Practices in Microinsurance: Yeshasvini Co-Operative Farmers Health Scheme, Karnataka, India. A report commissioned by ILO Social Finance Unit and CGAP, Sept 2005, 43 pp.
• Radermacher R, van Putten-Rademaker O, Müller V, Wig N, Dror DM (2005):  Good and Bad Practices in Microinsurance: [null Karuna Trust], Karnataka, India, Report commissioned by ILO Social Finance Unit and CGAP, Sept 2005, 43 pp.
• Parliament of India, Committee for Public Undertakings, Hearing on health insurance, Position paper submitted by David M. Dror on behalf of the project “Strengthening Micro Health Insurance Units for the Poor in India”, June 7, 2005, (unpublished monograph)
• Indian Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) (2005): Position paper on IRDA’s Concept Paper on Regulations for Micro Insurance, submitted by David M. Dror on behalf of the project “Strengthening Micro Health Insurance Units for the Poor in India”, Feb 15, 2005, (unpublished monograph)

• Preker AS, Carrin G, Dror D, Jakab M, Hsiao WC, Ahrin-Tenkorang D (2004): Rich-Poor Differences in Health Care Financing, chapter 1 in Preker AS, Carrin G (Editors): Health Financing for Poor People: Resource Mobilization and Risk Sharing, (Washington), World Bank, pp. 3-51
• Armstrong J., Deeble J., Dror DM., Rice N., Thiede M., Van de Ven W.P.M.M.(2004): The International Review Panel Report to the South African Risk Equalization Fund Task Group. 
• Dror, DM (2004): Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research: Strengthening health systems: the role and promise of policy and systems research, section on Community Health Insurance (in Chapter 3), Geneva, http://www2.alliance-hpsr.org/jahia/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/documents/Strengthening_complet.pdf
• Dror DM, Preker AS (Sous la direction de) (2003): Réassurance sociale: Stabiliser les micro-assurances santé dans les pays pauvres, (Paris), Editions ESKA et Banque Mondiale et BIT, novembre 2003, xx+492 pp.

• Dror, DM, Fonteneau R et Jacquier Ch (2003): Analyse d’un nouveau concept : la micro-assurance (pour combler le chaînon manquant des interventions sanitaires) chapitre 10 dans Audibert M, Mathonnat J, de Roodenbeke E : Le financement de la santé dans les pays d’Afrique et d’Asie à faible revenu, (Paris), Editions Karthala, 2003, pp. 205-222

• Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors) (2002): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, xvii+518 pp.
• Dror DM, Preker AS, Jakab M (2002): The role of communities in combating social exclusion, chapter 2 in Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, 2002, pp. 37-56.
• Dror DM (2002): Health insurance and reinsurance at the community level, chapter 5 in Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, 2002, pp. 103-124.
• Vate, M & Dror DM (2002): To insure or not to insure: Reflections on the limits of insurability, chapter 6 in Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, 2002, pp. 125-152.
• Bonnevay, S & Dror DM & Duru G & Lamure M (2002): A model of microinsurance and reinsurance, chapter 7 in Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, 2002, pp. 153-186.
• Dror DM (2002): Minimum accounting and statistical framework, chapter 16 in Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, 2002, pp. 313-326.
• Soriano E & Dror DM & Alampay E & Bayugo Y (2002): Attitudes toward solidarity, risk, and insurance in rural Philippines, chapter 19 in Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, 2002, pp. 377-394.

• Dror DM & Rathi R (2002): Data Template: A framework for accounting and statistics, Annex A in Dror DM, Preker AS (Editors): Social Reinsurance: A New Approach to Sustainable Community Health Financing, (Washington), World Bank & ILO, 2002, pp. 447-458.
• Dror DM (2002): Health Insurance For The Poor Through Community Schemes – Is It Viable? in Defining an Agenda for Poverty Reduction: Proceedings of the First Asia and Pacific Forum on Poverty (Volume 2), Manila, Asian Development Bank, ISBN 971-561-474-4, pp. 217-234
• Preker A. S., Carrin G, Dror DM, Jakab M, Hsiao W, Arhin-Tenkorang D (2002):  Effectiveness of community health financing in meeting the cost of illness, Bulletin of the World Health Organisation, (Geneva), WHO, 80(2):143-150.
• Dror DM (2001): Reinsurance of Health Insurance for the Informal Sector, Bulletin of the World Health Organisation, (Geneva), WHO, 79 (7): 672-678. 
• Dror, DM, Fonteneau R et Jacquier Ch (2001): La micro-assurance pour combler le chaînon manquant des interventions sanitaires Journal d'Economie Médicale, Paris-Lyon, Editions Alexandre Lacassagne, Vol. 19 n° 3, pp. 201-214
• Preker AS, Carrin G, Dror DM, Jakab M, Hsiao W, Arhin-Tenkorang D. (2001): Health care financing for rural and low-income populations: the role of communities in resource mobilization and risk sharing. (A synthesis background report to Commission on Macroeconomics and Health).
• Dror, DM, Fonteneau R et Jacquier Ch. (2001): La micro-assurance pour combler le chaînon manquant des interventions sanitaires Journal d'Economie Médicale, Paris-Lyon, Editions Alexandre Lacassagne, Vol. 19 pp. 201-214

• Fonteneau R., Dror DM. (2001) : Les enjeux de la coopération sanitaire (aider ceux qui s’aident) Journal d'Economie Médicale, Paris-Lyon, Editions Lacassagne, Vol 19 n° 4-2001 pp. 279-292
• Dror, DM (2000): Health Reform: A question of Principles? International Social Security Review (Geneva), ISSA, Vol. 53 No. 2, pp. 75-99. [This paper was also published in 3 other languages: French: Réformer l’assurance maladie: une question de principes?; Spanish: Reformar el seguro de enfermedad:¿une cuestión de principios?; German: Die Reform der Krankenversicherung: Eine Frage der Grundsätze?]
• Cichon, M, Newbrander W, Yamabana H, Weber A, Dror DM et al. (1999): Modeling in health care finance. A compendium of quantitative techniques for health care financing, (Geneva), ILO & ISSA, 400 pp.
• Dror, DM, Jacquier Ch (1999): Micro-insurance: Extending Health Insurance to the Excluded, International Social Security Review (Geneva), ISSA, 52 (1):71-97.  [This paper was also published in 3 other languages: French: Micro-assurance: élargissement de l’assurance maladie aux exclus; Spanish: El micro-seguro: extensión del seguro de salud a los excluidos; German: Mikroversicherung: Ausdehnung der Gesundheitsversicherung auf die Ausgegrenzten]
• Dror, DM (1998): La caisse d’assurance pour la protection de la santé du personnel du BIT et de l’UIT (1998), in La couverture médicale dans la fonction publique internationale, 1998, (Brussels) International Institute of Administrative Sciences, pp. 37-46.

• Dror DM, Yamabana, H. (1998): Review of the Kyrgyzstan mandatory health insurance fund, (Geneva), ILO & WHO-Europe, 1998, VI, 24 p. + annex (MANAS national programme on health reform 1996-2006)
• ILO-ITU Staff Health Insurance Fund: Report on the operations of the Fund during (the year) I wrote this annual report for the years 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1996.
• Dror, DM (1986): Industrial relations implications of government policies towards technological change, in 7th World Congress, Proceedings, Vol. 1: Technological Change and Labour relations, (Geneva) International Industrial Relations Association, pp. 159-169.
• Dror, DM (1984): Aspects of labour law and labour relations in selected export processing zones, in International Labour Review (Geneva), Vol. 123, No. 6, pp. 705-722.
• Cordova, E., Dror, DM (1984): Introduction (An analytical background), in Collective bargaining: A response to the recession in industrialized market economy countries. (Geneva), International Labour Office, pp. 1-14.
• Dror, DM., Shirom, A.(1983): Employers’ organizations in Israel, (Tel Aviv), Institute of Industrial Relations, 43 pp. (in Hebrew)
• Dror, DM. (ed.) (1983): An annotated collection of collective labour agreements in Israel 1953-1982, (Tel Aviv), Institute for Industrial Relations, 184 pp. (in Hebrew)
• Dror, DM.(1983): Investment of Social Security Funds in Israel (Geneva), International Labour Office, Meeting of Experts on the Investment of Social Security Funds in Developing Countries, Doc. MEISS/1983/8, 29 pp.
• Dror, DM (1981): Flexible Indexation: A proposal to improve wage indexation, made in light of Israeli experience, in International Labour Review (Geneva), Vol. 120, No. 2, pp. 183-200

• Dror, DM, Carmon, M. (1980): The adequacy of risk coverage in the comprehensive pension scheme, in Social Security (Jerusalem), Vol. 20, pp. 69-88. (in Hebrew)  NOTE: This article was awarded the 1981 Berliner Prize for outstanding research in insurance by the Erhard Center for Insurance Studies, Tel Aviv University.)
• Dror, DM (1980): New Collective Bargaining Agreement on Complementary Pension Scheme for Workers in Industry, in International Social Security Review (Geneva), Year 33, No. 2, pp. 199-204
• Dror, DM., Gutman, Y. (1980): An Economic Analysis of the Cost of Living Allowance, in The Economic Quarterly (Tel Aviv), Vol. 27, no. 105, pp. 173-186 (in Hebrew)

Recent presentation

• Micro insurance: Demand-driven, context-relevant practical solutions Panel discussant at Afro Asian Insurers & Reinsurers (FAIR) 25th Conference, (Manama, Bahrain, 9-11 October 2017)
• Climate Cost of Cultivation: A new crop index method to quantify farmers’ cost of cultivation, exemplified in rural India. Presentation at 20^th Asian Actuarial Conference (Gurgaon, India, 10 November 2016)
• Micro insurance for climate-related risks in Nagaland Workshop on Disaster Risk Reduction in the Context of Climate Change,  Organized by Nagaland State and Sustainable Development Forum Nagaland (Kohima, 7-8 July 2016)
• What are the key questions for agricultural risk mitigating programs that research can help answer? Lead presentation at Agriculture Risk Mitigation Workshop organized by 3ie (Nairobi, 19-20 April 2016)
• Agricultural Insurance Markets in South Asia – Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities; IIDS Workshop, (Kathmandu, 4 Oct 2015)
• Micro insurance: Innovations, Impact, and Sustainability. Impact Capital Summit Europe (The Hague, 20 May 2015)
• Theory of Demand for (micro) health insurance in the informal sector / developing countries. University of Bologna School of Economics, Management and Statistics, (Bologna Italy, 27 February 2015)
• What factors affect uptake of voluntary and community-based health insurance schemes in low- and middle-income countries? Seminar organized by MIA and 3ie, (New Delhi, 23 January 2015)
• Climate Cost of Cultivation - Innovation in Agriculture Micro insurance 2^nd Asia Agriculture Insurance Conference (Singapore, 10 June 2014)

• Micro insurance: strategies to make distribution more relevant African Micro insurance Summit, (Nairobi, 14 August 2013)
• A model to estimate the impact of thresholds and caps on coverage levels of CBHI schemes in low-income countries, iHEA 9th World Congress on Health Economic (Sydney, 10 July 2013)
• Micro Health Insurance in low- and middle-income countries: What business opportunity? Waseda University School of Commerce, (Tokyo, Japan 23 May 2013)
• An Implementation Model of Community-Based Health Insurance: Evidence from Two Schemes in Rural Nepal; Third National Microfinance Summit Nepal (Kathmandu, 15 February 2013)
• Community-based Agricultural Micro insurance and Food Security, Feeding the World 2013 – Accelerating global collaboration on food security Economist conference, (Amsterdam, 30 January 2013)
• Keynote presentation at 6^th Asia Micro insurance Conference, (Manila, Philippines, 24 July 2012)
• The role of trust in health insurance; what works, what does not? High-level meeting on access to health insurance Erasmus University (Rotterdam, Netherlands 5 June 2012)
• Innovative and avant-garde work on climate-change related micro insurance Nanyang Technological University 6th Micro-insurance Round-Table (MiRT), Singapore (Singapore, 21 April 2012)
• Managing ‘managed competition’ using community-based health insurance Inaugural plenary at Workshop on Inclusive Financial Innovation XLRI University (Jamshedpur 1 March 2012)

• Investing in Embedded Intangibles to enhance solvent demand at the base of the pyramid GRF One Health Summit 2012, Plenary session: Focusing Investment towards Cost-Effective Interventions for One Health. (Davos, Switzerland 22 February 2012)
• Helping communities manage risks from the ground up; ASSOCHAM Conference on Access to Healthcare (New Delhi, 17 Nov 2011)
• Are Micro Insurance and Disaster Insurance (Ir)reconcilable? Nanyang Technological University 5th Micro-insurance Round-Table (MiRT), Singapore (Singapore, 18 April 2011)
• Reaching People through Micro Insurance: The Case of India; Swiss TPH Spring Symposium 2011 on Improving Access through Effective Health Financing (Basel, 5 April 2011)
• Health Insurance for All: Pointers for a Roadmap Workshop on supporting the rollout of Nigeria’s informal sector health insurance program (New Delhi, 30 March 2011)
• Are most rural persons in LIC too poor to treat non-communicable diseases? ICDDR-B 13th Annual Scientific Conference-ASCON XIII (Dhaka, Bangladesh 16 March 2011)
• Out of Pocket Spending and Innovative Health Financing Models to curb it; Clairvoyance 2010 conference, Tata Inst. Of Social Studies School of Public Health (Mumbai 11 December 2010)
• The Triple Role of Insurance Education at the Base of the Pyramid. Special Address at the 4th Asian Micro insurance Conference, (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 22 July 2010)
• The Micro Insurance Market: What does it want, how can we respond to it? Conference President and Presentation at the Global Micro insurance Summit (Paris, 30 June-1 July 2010)

• Micro insurance: Business Process Reengineering, Keynote Address at the Micro insurance Summit 2010 (London, 23-24 February 2010)
• Health Care Funding In Developing Countries at Workshop on Funding Accessible Health Care organized by the Swiss School of Public Health, (Basel, 28 January 2010)

Dr. David Mark Dror

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