Dew Computing (version 2)
Dew Computing is an information technology (IT) paradigm that carries the core concept of Cloud Computing with it, and tries to exploit the capabilities of end devices (personal computers, mobile phones, etc.) along with cloud services in such a way that the total user experience improves in comparison to only using Cloud Computing.[1] To solve problems related to Cloud Computing technology, including dependability on internet access, the Dew Computing concept was introduced. DropBox is an example of the Dew Computing paradigm. The application provides access to files and folders in the cloud, even if the internet connection is lost for a period of time. However, right after internet connection is established again, the application synchronizes the files and folders using the connection.[2]
History
While Cloud Computing (CC) has been expanding rapidly, other models based on Cloud Computing have emerged, including Fog Computing, Edge Computing, Dew Computing, etc. Each of these models, using their cutting-edge technology, provides a better user experience.[3]
Cloud Computing provides universal access and scalability. However, the challenges related to having all resources far from the user’s control occasionally cause problems. In the classic Cloud Computing paradigm, if the Internet connection to the servers is lost, the user would not be able to access his/her data; that’s where Dew Computing can show its potential to solve this problem.[2] [4][5][6]
The term Dew Computing, as used in IT, first appeared in 2015 in IT literature and has been a field of interest since then. The Cloud-Dew architecture was proposed as a possible solution to the offline data accessibility problem.[7]
At first, the scope included only web applications; later, broader application was proposed.[5]
Definition
As an information technology paradigm, Dew Computing, using the core concept of Cloud Computing, seeks to use the capabilities of personal computers along with cloud services in a more reliable manner, providing two main features: independence and collaboration. [1][4][3]
The key features of the Dew Computing definition are independence and collaboration. Independence means that the local device must be able to provide service without continuous access to the cloud service and connection to the Internet. Collaboration means that the application must be able to connect to the cloud service and transfer and synchronize data with the cloud service when appropriate.[6]
The reason behind choosing the word "dew" is that, as we know in nature, cloud is far from the ground, fog is closer to the ground, and dew is on the ground. In IT, Cloud Computing is a remote service, Fog Computing is beside the user, and Dew Computing is at the user end.
Architecture
To establish a Cloud-Dew architecture on a PC, an isolated environment for Dew Virtual Machine (DVM) must be provided. The DVM consists of at least three components: Dew Server (DS), Data Analytics Server (DAS), Artificial Intelligence of the Dew (AID). [7]
- Dew Server (DS): The DS acts like the cloud service on the local PC. It interacts with the cloud service and periodically synchronizes contents with the cloud service.[7]
- Dew Analytics Server (DAS): The Dew analytics server collects data from user usage of the Dew Server. [7]
- Artificial Intelligence of the Dew (AID): The AID, after receiving data from the DAS about user usage patterns, uses the data to customize the Dew Server and tailor it for the user to enhance the experience.[7]
Categories
The Dew Computing categories are classified based on the application field.
- Web in Dew (WiD)
- In the WiD category, the end device must possess a copy of a fraction of the World Wide Web (WWW). To satisfy the independence feature of the model, the end device contains what the user wants from the actual WWW service, and since the end device is supposed to synchronize with the WWW, it satisfies the collaboration feature of Dew Computing. [2]
- Storage in Dew (SiD)
- SiD is the category in which the storage of the end device is partially or fully copied into the cloud. A good example of this category is DropBox, in which a user can create a folder in the cloud and have access to the folder and its contents once the synchronization has been done. Since the user can access the files whenever needed, without continuously needing Internet access, this category meets the independence feature of Dew Computing, and since the folder synchronizes itself and its content, it also meets the collaboration feature of the model.[2]
- Database in Dew (DBiD)
- In this category, the local device and the cloud store copies of the same database. One of these two databases is considered the main version. Whether the local version is the main one or the one in the cloud is defined by the database administrator. This service increases the reliability of a database since one of the databases can act as a backup for the other.[2]
- Software in Dew (SiD)
- In SiD, the configuration and ownership of a software are saved in the cloud. Good examples of this category are Apple App Store and Google Play, in which the user owns applications based on the account and he/she can have them on whatever device he/she wants.[2]
- Platform in Dew (PiD)
- In PiD, an application must have an installed and running version of a suite of software development tools and operations on the cloud along with the version on the local device. Software Development Kits like GitHub are good examples of this category.[2]
- Infrastructure as Dew (IaD)
- IaDs are the category in which one device has a duplicate of itself on the cloud. It can be a virtual copy of the machine or device on the cloud or a duplicate of the settings and configuration, including everything. In this case, the user must be able to have the same system and applications with the same settings if he wishes. Currently, only a few cellphone companies provide this service, and in case one loses his phone, he can buy a new phone and have a replicate of the old phone’s machine on the new phone.[2]
- Data in Dew (DiD)
- If one Dew Computing application satisfies the two independence and collaboration features but cannot be a member of the six other categories, it falls into this category. Novell Groupwise email client and many cellphone applications are examples of this category.[2]
Possible Challenges
Dew Computing faces several technical challenges, including issues related to power management, processor utility, data storage, viability of the operating system, network model, communication model, programming principles, dew recommender engine, local dew network, personal high productivity, database security, and browser behaviors. [8]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hu, Yu-Chen; Tiwari, Shailesh; Mishra, Krishn K.; Trivedi, Munesh C., eds. (2018). Intelligent Communication and Computational Technologies. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. 19. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5523-2. ISBN 978-981-10-5522-5. ISSN 2367-3370. Search this book on
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Wang, Yingwei (2016). "Definition and Categorization of Dew Computing". Open Journal of Cloud Computing (OJCC). 3 (1). ISSN 2199-1987.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Doing More with the Dew: A New Approach to Cloud-Dew Architecture - Semantic Scholar". Retrieved 2018-06-30.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Cloud-dew architecture : realizing the potential of distributed database systems in unreliable networks - Semantic Scholar". Retrieved 2018-06-30.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Dew helps ground cloud computing". Retrieved 2018-06-30.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Yingwei, Wang, (2015). "The initial definition of dew computing". Dew Computing Research.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 "Dew Computing and Transition of Internet Computing Paradigms - ZTE Corporation". wwwen.zte.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2018-09-15. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
- ↑ "An Introduction to Dew Computing: Definition, Concept and Implications - IEEE Journals & Magazine". ieeexplore.ieee.org. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
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