Dhammikaraja
| Dhammikaraja ธรรมิกราชา | |
|---|---|
| King of Ayodhya | |
| King of Xiān's Ayodhya | |
| Reign | 1165–1225 |
| Predecessor | Sai Nam Peung |
| Successor | Uthong II |
| Born | 1150 Ayutthaya |
| Died | 1225 (aged 75) Ayutthaya |
| Consort | Siripajarajadevi |
| House | Sai Nam Peung or Sindhob Amarin |
| Father | Sai Nam Peung |
Dhammikaraja (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) was the fourth sovereign of Xiān at Ayodhya.[2] His name is attested in the Ayutthaya Testimonies [3]:37, the Northern Chronicle,[4]:46 and the 1225 Ayutthaya Royal Miscellaneous Laws (Phra Aiyakan Betset; พระอัยการเบ็ดเสร็จ or อายการเบดเสรจ).[1] He ascended the throne in 1165, succeeding his father, Sai Nam Peung, and reigned until around 1225.[2] The extant historical sources provide limited detail regarding his reign. Nevertheless, it is generally characterized as a period of economic prosperity and the flourishing of Theravāda Buddhism,[4]:46[5]:105–6 as evidenced by the construction of several religious monasteries attributed to his patronage.[3]:37 Dhammikaraja's principal consort was Queen Siripajarajadevi (ศิริปภาราชาเทวี); however, no record survives concerning royal offspring.[3]:37 According to the Ayutthaya Testimonies, he ascended the throne at the age of fifteen, which suggests a birth year of approximately 1150.[3]:37
Concurrently, during Dhammikaraja's reign, another dynastic line emerged, consisting of the brothers Pra Poa Noome Thele Seri and Uthong I, who originated in Lavo and established themselves in Soucouttae/Locontàï in the 1150s.[6][7]:127 By 1157, they had shifted southward and assumed control over Singburi.[3]:46 From this base, the lineage progressively consolidated authority over several polities in the western Menam basin: Suphannaphum in 1163[8]:61 and Phrip Phri in 1188.[6] Dhammikaraja was then succeeded by Pra Poa Noome Thele Seri 's prince, Uthong II.[9]:41 Some scholars further suggest that Uthong II may have entered into a matrimonial alliance with Dhammikaraja’s daughter.[2]
In the year 1182, during the reign of King Lý Cao Tông of Đại Việt, Xiān is recorded to have dispatched a tributary mission to the royal court, thereby affirming diplomatic engagement between the two realms.[10]
An alternative tradition recorded by Jeremias van Vliet describes him as a Chinese prince who had been exiled from China.[11]:21 However, this account appears to conflict with other traditions: both the Northern Chronicle and the Ayutthaya Testimonies state that the father-in-law of Uthong II—whom some scholars have identified with Dhammikaraja—was a descendant of Sindhob Amarin (r. 937–996).[11]:22
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 The Fine Arts Department of Thailand. (1978). Rūang Kotmāi trā 3 dūang [Three Seals Law] เรื่องกฎหมายตราสามดวง (in Thai). Bangkok: The Fine Arts Department of Thailand. p. 414. OCLC 934462978
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Sujit Wongthes (21 April 2023). "พงศาวดารอโยธยาศรีรามเทพนคร ฉบับ มานิต วัลลิโภดม : อโยธยา เก่าแก่กว่าสุโขทัย ต้นกำเนิดอยุธยา ต้นแบบรัตนโกสินทร์" [The Chronicles of Ayutthaya Sri Ramathep Nakhon, Manit Vallipodom Edition: Ayutthaya is older than Sukhothai, the origin of Ayutthaya, the prototype of Rattanakosin.]. www.silpa-mag.com (in ไทย). Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Phraya Pariyattithamthada (1968). Ayutthaya Testimonies (PDF) (in ไทย). Rung Rueang Tham. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2024. Search this book on
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Northern Chronicle
- ↑ Thepthani, Phra Borihan (1953). Thai National Chronicles: the history of the nation since ancient times (in ไทย). S. Thammasamakkhi. p. 30. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023. Search this book on
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Simon de La Loubère (1693). "Du royaume de Siam". ota.bodleian.ox.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 8 September 2025. Retrieved 8 September 2025. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Michael Smithies; Dhiravat na Pombejra (2022). "Instructions Given to the Siamese Envoys Sent to Portugal, 1684" (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society. 90 (Part 1 & 2). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-08-23. Retrieved 2025-09-15. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ David K. Wyatt (2020). "Relics, Oaths and Politics in Thirteenth-Century Siam". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 32 (1): 3–65. JSTOR 20072298. Archived from the original on 20 September 2025. Retrieved 15 September 2025. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Chatchai Sukrakarn (October 2005). "พระเจ้าศรีธรรมาโศกราช" [Sri Thammasokaraj] (PDF) (in ไทย). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
- ↑ "大越史記全書 《卷之四》" [The Complete Historical Records of Dai Viet "Volume 4"]. 中國哲學書電子化計劃 (in 中文). Archived from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "การศึกษาวิจัยพระราชพงศาวดารกรุงเก่า" [Research study of the royal chronicles of Ayutthaya] (PDF). Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre (in ไทย). 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2026.
Dhammikaraja House of Sai Nam Peung Born: 1150 Died: 1225
| ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Sai Nam Peung |
King of Lavo 1165–1225 |
Succeeded by Uthong II |
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