Dinosauria 4

[email protected]

deedeedexter

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
  # April 6, 1998 # March 12, 2000 # March 29, 1997 # March 29, 1997 # March 12, 1997 # March 29, 1997 # March 29, 1997 # March 29, 1997 # April 19, 1993 # March 29, 1997 # March 20, 1998 # March 29, 1997 # March 29, 1999 # March 29, 1997
• 

Pterosauria

Here are the estimated sizes for the listed pterosaur species:

Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea

Family: Dimorphodontidae

• Dimorphodon macronyx – Wingspan: ~1.4 meters (4.6 feet), Body length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet) Early Jurassic (~195 Mya), England

Family: Eudimorphodontidae

• Eudimorphodon ranzii – Wingspan: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Body length: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Italy

Family: Rhamphorhynchidae

• Anurognathus ammoni – Wingspan: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Body length: ~0.2 meters (8 inches) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany
• Rhamphorhynchus etchesi – Wingspan: ~1.8 meters (5.9 feet), Body length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), England
• Scaphognathus crassirostris – Wingspan: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Body length: ~0.8 meters (2.6 feet) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany
• Sordes pilosus – Wingspan: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Body length: ~0.4 meters (1.3 feet) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Kazakhstan

---

Suborder: Pterodactyloidea

Family: Dsungaripteridae

• Dsungaripterus weii – Wingspan: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Body length: ~1.5 meters (4.9 feet) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China

Family: Pterodaustriidae

• Arthurdactylus conandoylei – Wingspan: ~4.6 meters (15 feet), Body length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet) Early Cretaceous (~110 Mya), Brazil
• Pterodaustro guinazui – Wingspan: ~2.5–3 meters (8.2–9.8 feet), Body length: ~1.2 meters (3.9 feet) Early Cretaceous (~105 Mya), Argentina

Family: Ornithocheiridae

• Pteranodon sternbergi – Wingspan: ~7 meters (23 feet), Body length: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet) Late Cretaceous (~86–84 Mya), USA (Kansas)
• Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni – Wingspan: ~10–14.50 meters (33–47.6 feet), Body length: ~6 meters (19.7 feet) Late Cretaceous (~70–66 Mya), USA (Texas)

Would you like additional details or comparisons with other flying reptiles?

Saurischia

Here are the estimated sizes for the listed theropod species:

---

Suborder: Theropoda (Carnivorous Dinosaurs)

Infraorder: Coelurosauria

Family: Podokesauridae

• Coelophysis bauri – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~20 kg (44 lbs) Late Triassic (~225 Mya), USA (New Mexico)
• Procompsognathus triassicus – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.4 meters (1.3 feet), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Germany
• Saltopus elginensis – Length: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Height: ~0.25 meters (10 inches), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Late Triassic (~225 Mya), Scotland

Family: Coeluridae

• Coelurus fragilis – Length: ~2.5 meters (8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~20 kg (44 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), USA (Western USA)
• Moros intrepidus – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1.2 meters (4 feet), Weight: ~78 kg (172 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America

Family: Compsognathidae

• Compsognathus longipes – Length: ~1.4 meters (4.6 feet), Height: ~0.4 meters (1.3 feet), Weight: ~3 kg (6.6 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany, France

Family: Ornithomimidae

• Dromiceiomimus samueli – Length: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
• Gallimimus bullatus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~440 kg (970 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
• Ornithomimus velox – Length: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
• Struthiomimus altus – Length: ~4.3 meters (14 feet), Height: ~1.8 meters (6 feet), Weight: ~150 kg (330 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America

Family: Deinocheiridae

• Deinocheirus mirificus – Length: ~11 meters (36 feet), Height: ~3.6 meters (12 feet), Weight: ~6,000 kg (13,200 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia

Family: Oviraptoridae

• Oviraptor philoceratops – Length: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Height: ~0.8 meters (2.6 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia

Family: Therizinosauridae

• Therizinosaurus cheloniformis – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~5 meters (16 feet), Weight: ~5,000 kg (11,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia

---

Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Deinonychosauria

Family: Saurornithoididae

• Stenonychosaurus inequalis – Length: ~2.5 meters (8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~50 kg (110 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Troodon formosus – Length: ~2.4 meters (7.9 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~50 kg (110 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America

Family: Dromaeosauridae

• Bambiraptor feinbergi – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~2 kg (4.4 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Deinonychus antirrhopus – Length: ~3.4 meters (11 feet), Height: ~1.2 meters (4 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~115 Mya), North America
• Dromaeosaurus albertensis – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Canada
• Saurornitholestes sullivani – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.8 meters (2.6 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Velociraptor osmolskae – Length: ~2.1 meters (7 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia

---

Order: Archaeopterygiformes

• Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi – Wingspan: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Body length: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Germany

---

Infraorder: Ceratosauria

Family: Ceratosauridae

• Ceratosaurus nasicornis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~980 kg (2,160 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America, Europe
• Dilophosaurus wetherilli – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~400 kg (880 lbs) Early Jurassic (~193 Mya), North America
• Elaphrosaurus bambergi – Length: ~6.2 meters (20.3 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~210 kg (460 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Tanzania

---

Infraorder: Carnosauria

Family: Megalosauridae

• Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Middle Jurassic (~165 Mya), England
• Giganotosaurus carolinii – Length: ~15.5 meters (50.9 feet), Height: ~5.34 meters (17.5 feet), Weight: ~8,000 kg (17,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~98 Mya), Argentina
• Poekilopleuron bucklandii – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) Early Jurassic (~190 Mya), England
• Proceratosaurus bradleyi – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Jurassic (~160 Mya), England

Family: Allosauridae

• Allosaurus europaeus – Length: ~12.01 meters (39.4 feet), Height: ~4.02 meters (13.2 feet), Weight: ~1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Europe, North America (USA)
• Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~155 Mya), China

Family: Spinosauridae

• Acrocanthosaurus atokensis – Length: ~11 meters (36 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~6,000 kg (13,200 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), North America
• Spinosaurus aegyptiacus – Length: ~16 meters (52 feet), Height: ~5.5 meters (18 feet), Weight: ~7,000 kg (15,400 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~112 Mya), Africa

Family: Tyrannosauridae

• Albertosaurus sarcophagus – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
• Alioramus altai – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
• Daspletosaurus horneri – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,800 kg (8,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Tarbosaurus bataar – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~5,000 kg (11,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
• Tyrannosaurus Rex – Length: ~14.50 meters (47.6 feet), Height: ~6 meters (19.7 feet), Weight: ~8,000–9,000 kg (17,600–19,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~66 Mya), North America

Would you like further details on any of these?

Here are the estimated sizes for the listed species of Sauropodomorpha:

---

Suborder: Sauropodomorpha

Infraorder: Prosauropoda

Family: Herrerasauridae

• Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~250 kg (550 lbs) Late Triassic (~230 Mya), Argentina
• Sanjuansaurus gordilloi – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~70 kg (154 lbs) Late Triassic (~230 Mya), Argentina
• Smurfette (La Schtroumpfette) – [User envisions Smurfette evolving from a Prosauropoda, but specific dimensions are unknown] Fictional character inspired by the Smurfs, potentially for creative and narrative use, but not a real dinosaur
• Staurikosaurus pricei – Length: ~2.25 meters (7.4 feet), Height: ~0.75 meters (2.5 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Early Triassic (~225 Mya), Brazil

Family: Anchisauridae

• Anchisaurus polyzelus – Length: ~2.4 meters (8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), North America
• Efraasia minor – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Late Triassic (~215 Mya), Germany
• Thecodontosaurus antiquus – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~25 kg (55 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), England

Family: Plateosauridae

• Massospondylus kaalae – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~200 kg (440 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), South Africa
• Mussaurus patagonicus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Argentina
• Plateosaurus gracilis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~600 kg (1,300 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Europe

Family: Melanorosauridae

• Riojasaurus incertus – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Argentina

---

Infraorder: Sauropoda

Family: Cetiosauridae

• Barapasaurus tagorei – Length: ~14 meters (46 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~8,000 kg (17,600 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), India
• Cetiosaurus oxoniensis – Length: ~15 meters (49 feet), Height: ~4.5 meters (15 feet), Weight: ~10,000 kg (22,000 lbs) Early Jurassic (~170 Mya), England

Family: Brachiosauridae

• Brachiosaurus altithorax – Length: ~25 meters (82 feet), Height: ~16 meters (52.5 feet), Weight: ~56,000 kg (123,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~154 Mya), North America, Asia
• Sauroposeidon proteles – Length: ~34 meters (112 feet), Height: ~18 meters (59 feet), Weight: ~60,000 kg (132,000 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~110 Mya), North America

Family: Camarasauridae

• Camarasaurus supremus – Length: ~23 meters (75 feet), Height: ~9 meters (29.5 feet), Weight: ~47,000 kg (103,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Euhelopus zdanskyi – Length: ~15 meters (49 feet), Height: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Weight: ~15,000 kg (33,000 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China
• Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~10,000 kg (22,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia

Family: Diplodocidae

• Apatosaurus ajax – Length: ~27 meters (88.6 feet), Height: ~6 meters (19.7 feet), Weight: ~20,000 kg (44,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Dicraeosaurus sattleri – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~4,000 kg (8,800 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), Tanzania
• Diplodocus hallorum – Length: ~33 meters (108 feet), Height: ~5.95 meters (19.5 feet), Weight: ~25,000 kg (55,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum – Length: ~35 meters (115 feet), Height: ~17.85 meters (58.6 feet), Weight: ~50,000 kg (110,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), China
• Supersaurus vivianae – Length: ~39–42 meters (128–138 feet), Height: ~21.5 meters (70.5 feet), Weight: ~50,000 kg (110,000 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America

Family: Titanosauridae

• Alamosaurus sanjuanensis – Length: ~30 meters (98 feet), Height: ~18.7 meters (61.4 feet), Weight: ~30,000 kg (66,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
• Dreadnoughtus schrani – Length: ~26 meters (85 feet), Height: ~15.82 meters (51.9 feet), Weight: ~65,000 kg (143,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~77 Mya), South America
• Saltasaurus loricatus – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~7,000 kg (15,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~80 Mya), South America

---

Would you like additional details or comparisons on any species?

Ornithischia

Here is the estimated size information for the species of Cerapoda:

---

Suborder: Cerapoda

Infraorder: Ornithopoda

Family: Fabrosauridae

• Lesothosaurus diagnosticus – Length: ~1.2 meters (4 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1–2 kg (2–4 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), Lesotho
• Scutellosaurus lawleri – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~10 kg (22 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), North America

Family: Heterodontosauridae

• Echinodon becklesii – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1 kg (2.2 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), United Kingdom
• Heterodontosaurus tucki – Length: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~3–4 kg (6.6–8.8 lbs) Early Jurassic (~190 Mya), South Africa
• Pisanosaurus mertii – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~2 kg (4.4 lbs) Late Triassic (~210 Mya), Argentina

Family: Hypsilophodontidae

• Callovosaurus leedsi – Length: ~3 meters (9.8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~25 kg (55 lbs) Middle Jurassic (~165 Mya), United Kingdom
• Dryosaurus elderae – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Hypsilophodon foxii – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet), Weight: ~10–15 kg (22–33 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
• Nanosaurus agilis – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1–2 kg (2.2–4.4 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Parksosaurus warreni – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet), Weight: ~10 kg (22 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Thescelosaurus garbanii – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.7 meters (2.3 feet), Weight: ~15 kg (33 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America

Family: Iguanodontidae

• Camptosaurus dispar – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~600 kg (1,300 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Iguanodon bernissartensis – Length: ~11.96 meters (39.2 feet), Height: ~4.26 meters (14 feet), Weight: ~3,500–5,000 kg (7,700–11,000 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), Belgium
• Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500–600 kg (1,100–1,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
• Muttaburrasaurus langdoni – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~500–1,000 kg (1,100–2,200 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~110 Mya), Australia
• Ouranosaurus nigeriensis – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~1,000–2,000 kg (2,200–4,400 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~120 Mya), Niger
• Probactrosaurus gobiensis – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~300 kg (660 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~85 Mya), China
• Tenontosaurus dossi – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~500 kg (1,100 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), North America

Family: Hadrosauridae

• Bactrosaurus johnsoni – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000–2,000 kg (2,200–4,400 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China
• Corythosaurus casuarius – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~4,000 kg (8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Edmontosaurus regalis – Length: ~12 meters (39 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~3,500–4,000 kg (7,700–8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
• Hadrosaurus foulkii – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,500–3,000 kg (5,500–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Hypacrosaurus stebingeri – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Kritosaurus navajovius – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Lambeosaurus magnicristatus – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~4,000 kg (8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Maiasaura peeblesorum – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,500–3,000 kg (5,500–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Olorotitan arharensis – Length: ~8 meters (26 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Russia
• Parasaurolophus walkeri – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3.5 meters (11.5 feet), Weight: ~2,500 kg (5,500 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Prosaurolophus maximus – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Saurolophus osborni – Length: ~10 meters (33 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~3,000 kg (6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America, Asia
• Shantungosaurus giganteus – Length: ~15 meters (49 feet), Height: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Weight: ~8,000–10,000 kg (17,600–22,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), China
• Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus – Length: ~8 meters (26 feet), Height: ~2.5 meters (8.2 feet), Weight: ~1,000–2,000 kg (2,200–4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), China

---

Infraorder: Ceratopia

Family: Pachycephalosauridae

• Homalocephale calathocercos – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~50–70 kg (110–154 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~450–500 kg (990–1,100 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Prenocephale prenes – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~100 kg (220 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Stegoceras validum – Length: ~3 meters (10 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~100–150 kg (220–330 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America

Family: Psittacosauridae

• Psittacosaurus meileyingensis – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.5 meters (1.6 feet), Weight: ~2–3 kg (4.4–6.6 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), China

Family: Protoceratopidae

• Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~20–30 kg (44–66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
• Leptoceratops gracilis – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
• Microceratus gobiensis – Length: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Height: ~0.3 meters (1 foot), Weight: ~1–2 kg (2.2–4.4 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Mongolia
• Montanoceratops cerorhynchus – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~30 kg (66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America
• Protoceratops hellenikorhinus – Length: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Height: ~0.6 meters (2 feet), Weight: ~20–30 kg (44–66 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia

Family: Ceratopidae

• Anchiceratops ornatus – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Arrhinoceratops brachyops – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Centrosaurus apertus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Chasmosaurus belli – Length: ~5–6 meters (16–20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000–2,500 kg (4,400–5,500 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Nasutoceratops titusi – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai – Length: ~8.2 meters (26.3 feet), Height: ~4.10 meters (13.5 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Pentaceratops sternbergii – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~5.16 meters (16.9 feet), Weight: ~3,000–4,000 kg (6,600–8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Styracosaurus ovatus – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Torosaurus latus – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~5,000 kg (11,000 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Triceratops horridus – Length: ~8 meters (26 feet), Height: ~3 meters (10 feet), Weight: ~6,000–12,000 kg (13,200–26,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), North America

---

Let me know if you'd like further information or comparisons!

Here are the estimated sizes for the species in Thyreophora:

---

Suborder: Thyreophora

Infraorder: Stegosauria

Family: Huayangosauridae

• Huayangosaurus taibaii – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Middle Jurassic (~165 Mya), China
• Tuojiangosaurus multispinus – Length: ~7 meters (23 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~160 Mya), China

Family: Stegosauridae

• Kentrosaurus aethiopicus – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~500–600 kg (1,100–1,300 lbs) Late Jurassic (~155 Mya), Tanzania
• Stegosaurus stenops – Length: ~9 meters (30 feet), Height: ~4 meters (13 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Jurassic (~150 Mya), North America
• Wuerhosaurus ordosensis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~120 Mya), China

---

Infraorder: Ankylosauria

Family: Scelidosauridae

• Scelidosaurus harrisonii – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~500–600 kg (1,100–1,300 lbs) Early Jurassic (~200 Mya), United Kingdom

Family: Nodosauridae

• Hylaeosaurus armatus – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
• Nodosaurus textilis – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,500–2,000 kg (3,300–4,400 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Panoplosaurus mirus – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Polacanthus foxii – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~130 Mya), United Kingdom
• Sauropelta edwardsorum – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~1,000–1,500 kg (2,200–3,300 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), North America
• Silvisaurus condrayi – Length: ~4 meters (13 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~1,000 kg (2,200 lbs) Early Cretaceous (~125 Mya), North America
• Struthiosaurus transylvanicus – Length: ~3 meters (9.8 feet), Height: ~1 meter (3.3 feet), Weight: ~300–400 kg (660–880 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~70 Mya), Europe

Family: Ankylosauridae

• Ankylosaurus magniventris – Length: ~9.6 meters (31.5 feet), Height: ~3.6 meters (11.8 feet), Weight: ~6,000–8,000 kg (13,200–17,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~68 Mya), North America
• Euoplocephalus tutus – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~3,000–4,000 kg (6,600–8,800 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), North America
• Saichania chulsanensis – Length: ~6 meters (20 feet), Height: ~2 meters (6.6 feet), Weight: ~2,500–3,000 kg (5,500–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia
• Talarurus plicatospineus – Length: ~5 meters (16.4 feet), Height: ~1.5 meters (5 feet), Weight: ~2,000–3,000 kg (4,400–6,600 lbs) Late Cretaceous (~75 Mya), Mongolia

---

Let me know if you need more information on any of these species!

Origin of Dinosaurs and Pterosaurs

Pterosauria – Lords of the Ancient Skies: Chart Table

Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Dimorphodontidae	Dimorphodon macronyx	Early Jurassic (190–180 Ma)	Lyme Regis, England	Wingspan ~4.6 ft (1.4 m); size of a large eagle	Carnivore/Insectivore	Blue Lias Formation	Western Europe (England)	Early Jurassic (Hettangian–Sinemurian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Eudimorphodontidae	Eudimorphodon ranzii	Late Triassic (210–200 Ma)	Cene, Northern Italy	Wingspan ~3.3 ft (1 m); size of a hawk	Piscivore/Carnivore	Zorzino Limestone	Southern Europe (Italy)	Late Triassic (Norian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae	Anurognathus ammoni	Late Jurassic (150–148 Ma)	Solnhofen, Germany	Wingspan ~1.6 ft (0.5 m); size of a small bat	Insectivore	Solnhofen Limestone	Western Europe (Germany)	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae	Rhamphorhynchus etchesi	Late Jurassic (150–148 Ma)	Kimmeridge, England; Solnhofen, Germany	Wingspan ~5.9 ft (1.8 m); size of a large seagull	Piscivore	Kimmeridge Clay, Solnhofen Limestone	Western Europe (England, Germany)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae	Scaphognathus crassirostris	Late Jurassic (150–148 Ma)	Solnhofen, Germany	Wingspan ~3 ft (0.9 m); size of a crow	Carnivore/Insectivore	Solnhofen Limestone	Western Europe (Germany)	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Pterosauria, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchidae	Sordes pilosus	Late Jurassic (155–150 Ma)	Karatau, Kazakhstan	Wingspan ~2 ft (0.6 m); size of a small hawk	Piscivore/Insectivore	Karabastau Formation	Central Asia (Kazakhstan)	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Dsungaripteridae	Dsungaripterus weii	Early Cretaceous (120–110 Ma)	Junggar Basin, China	Wingspan ~10–11.5 ft (3–3.5 m); size of a large albatross	Carnivore/Molluscivore	Lianmugin Formation	East Asia (China)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Pterodaustriidae	Arthurdactylus conandoylei	Early Cretaceous (125–120 Ma)	Santana, Brazil	Wingspan ~15 ft (4.6 m); size of a small plane	Piscivore	Santana Formation	South America (Brazil)	Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Pterodaustriidae	Pterodaustro guinazui	Early Cretaceous (105–100 Ma)	San Luis, Argentina	Wingspan ~8.2 ft (2.5 m); size of a large pelican	Filter-feeder	Lagarcito Formation	South America (Argentina)	Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Pterodactylidae	Cearadactylus atrox	Early Cretaceous (120–110 Ma)	Santana, Brazil	Wingspan ~16.5 ft (5 m); size of a small plane	Piscivore	Santana Formation	South America (Brazil)	Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Ornithocheiridae	Pteranodon sternbergi	Late Cretaceous (85–75 Ma)	Western Interior Seaway, USA	Wingspan ~20–23 ft (6–7 m); size of a hang glider	Piscivore	Niobrara Formation	North America (Kansas, USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Ornithocheiridae	Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni	Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma)	Big Bend, Texas, USA	Wingspan ~33–45.9 ft (10–14 m); size of a small airplane	Carnivore/Scavenger	Javelina Formation	North America (Texas, USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Theropoda – The Predatory Elite: Chart Table

Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Podokesauridae	Coelophysis bauri	Late Triassic (210–205 Ma)	Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, USA	~9 ft (2.7 m) long; size of a large dog	Carnivore	Chinle Formation	North America (USA)	Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Podokesauridae	Procompsognathus triassicus	Late Triassic (210 Ma)	Pfaffenheim, Germany	~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a chicken	Carnivore/Insectivore	Löwenstein Formation	Western Europe (Germany)	Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Podokesauridae	Saltopus elginensis	Late Triassic (230–225 Ma)	Elgin, Scotland	~2 ft (0.6 m) long; size of a small cat	Carnivore/Insectivore	Lossiemouth Sandstone	Western Europe (Scotland)	Late Triassic (Carnian–Norian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Coeluridae	Coelurus fragilis	Late Jurassic (155–150 Ma)	Morrison, Wyoming, USA	~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a wolf	Carnivore	Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Coeluridae	Moros intrepidus	Late Cretaceous (96 Ma)	Cedar Mountain, Utah, USA	~5 ft (1.5 m) long; size of a small dog	Carnivore	Cedar Mountain Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Compsognathidae	Compsognathus longipes	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Solnhofen, Germany; Canjuers, France	~4.6 ft (1.4 m) long; size of a turkey	Carnivore	Solnhofen Limestone	Western Europe (Germany, France)	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Compsognathidae	Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis	Early Cretaceous (125–120 Ma)	Liaoning, China	~4 ft (1.2 m) long; size of a large chicken	Carnivore	Yixian Formation	East Asia (China)	Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae	Dromiceiomimus samueli	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~12 ft (3.6 m) long; size of an ostrich	Omnivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae	Gallimimus bullatus	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Gobi Desert, Mongolia	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large ostrich	Omnivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae	Ornithomimus velox	Late Cretaceous (75–65 Ma)	Denver, Colorado, USA	~12 ft (3.6 m) long; size of an ostrich	Omnivore	Denver Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Ornithomimidae	Struthiomimus altus	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada; Lance, Wyoming, USA	~14 ft (4.3 m) long; size of an ostrich	Omnivore	Dinosaur Park, Lance Formation	North America (Canada, USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Deinocheiridae	Deinocheirus mirificus	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Gobi Desert, Mongolia	~36 ft (11 m) long; size of a bus	Omnivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Oviraptoridae	Oviraptor philoceratops	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Djadokhta, Mongolia	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large turkey	Omnivore	Djadokhta Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Therizinosauridae	Therizinosaurus cheloniformis	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Gobi Desert, Mongolia	~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large elephant	Herbivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Saurornithoididae	Stenonychosaurus inequalis	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a wolf	Carnivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Saurornithoididae	Troodon formosus	Late Cretaceous (77–65 Ma)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a wolf	Carnivore/Omnivore	Hell Creek Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae	Bambiraptor feinbergi	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	~3 ft (0.9 m) long; size of a small dog	Carnivore	Two Medicine Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae	Deinonychus antirrhopus	Early Cretaceous (115–108 Ma)	Cloverly, Montana, USA	~11 ft (3.4 m) long; size of a large wolf	Carnivore	Cloverly Formation	North America (USA)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae	Dromaeosaurus albertensis	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog	Carnivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae	Saurornitholestes sullivani	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog	Carnivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria, Dromaeosauridae	Velociraptor osmolskae	Late Cretaceous (75–70 Ma)	Djadokhta, Mongolia	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog	Carnivore	Djadokhta Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Archaeopterygiformes	Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Solnhofen, Germany	~1.6 ft (0.5 m) long; size of a pigeon	Carnivore/Insectivore	Solnhofen Limestone	Western Europe (Germany)	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Ceratosauria, Ceratosauridae	Ceratosaurus nasicornis	Late Jurassic (153–148 Ma)	Morrison, Colorado, USA; Lourinhã, Portugal	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large alligator	Carnivore	Morrison, Lourinhã Formation	North America (USA), Western Europe (Portugal)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Ceratosauria, Ceratosauridae	Dilophosaurus wetherilli	Early Jurassic (193 Ma)	Kayenta, Arizona, USA	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large alligator	Carnivore	Kayenta Formation	North America (USA)	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Ceratosauria, Ceratosauridae	Elaphrosaurus bambergi	Late Jurassic (154 Ma)	Tendaguru, Tanzania	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse	Carnivore/Omnivore	Tendaguru Formation	East Africa (Tanzania)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae	Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis	Late Jurassic (160 Ma)	Oxford, England	~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large bear	Carnivore	Oxford Clay Formation	Western Europe (England)	Late Jurassic (Callovian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae	Giganotosaurus carolinii	Early Cretaceous (99–97 Ma)	Candeleros, Argentina	~50.9 ft (15.5 m) long; size of a bus	Carnivore	Candeleros Formation	South America (Argentina)	Early Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae	Poekilopleuron bucklandii	Middle Jurassic (165 Ma)	Normandy, France	~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large bear	Carnivore	Calcaire de Caen Formation	Western Europe (France)	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Megalosauridae	Proceratosaurus bradleyi	Middle Jurassic (165 Ma)	Minchinhampton, England	~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large wolf	Carnivore	Great Oolite Group	Western Europe (England)	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Allosauridae	Allosaurus europaeus	Late Jurassic (150–145 Ma)	Lourinhã, Portugal; Morrison, Colorado, USA	~39.4 ft (12 m) long; size of a large rhino	Carnivore	Garden Park, Morrison, Lourinhã Formation	Western Europe (Portugal), North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Allosauridae	Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis	Late Jurassic (160 Ma)	Zigong, China	~26 ft (8 m) long; size of a large rhino	Carnivore	Shangshaximiao Formation	East Asia (China)	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Spinosauridae	Acrocanthosaurus atokensis	Early Cretaceous (115–110 Ma)	Antlers, Oklahoma, USA	~38 ft (11.5 m) long; size of a bus	Carnivore	Antlers Formation	North America (USA)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Spinosauridae	Spinosaurus aegyptiacus	Early Cretaceous (112–97 Ma)	Bahariya, Egypt; Kem Kem, Morocco	~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a large bus	Piscivore/Carnivore	Bahariya Formation, Kem Kem Beds	North Africa (Egypt, Morocco)	Early Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae	Albertosaurus sarcophagus	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Carnivore	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae	Alioramus altai	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Mongolia	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large alligator	Carnivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae	Daspletosaurus horneri	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Carnivore	Two Medicine Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae	Tarbosaurus bataar	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Mongolia	~40 ft (12.2 m) long; size of a large rhino	Carnivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Theropoda, Carnosauria, Tyrannosauridae	Tyrannosaurus rex	Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma)	Hell Creek, Montana, Lance, Wyoming, USA	~45.9 ft (14 m) long; size of a bus	Carnivore	Hell Creek, Lance Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Sauropodomorpha – The Gentle Giants: Chart Table

Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae	Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis	Late Triassic (231 Ma)	Ischigualasto, Argentina	~13–20 ft (4–6 m) long; size of a large crocodile	Carnivore	Ischigualasto Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae	Sanjuansaurus gordilloi	Late Triassic (231 Ma)	Ischigualasto, Argentina	~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large dog	Carnivore	Ischigualasto Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae	Smurfette (Hypothetical)	Late Triassic (231–225 Ma); then 1981	Hypothetical, South America (Argentina or Brazil); Europe	~7-10 inch tall. Smurfette is the same size as other Smurfs.	Carnivore/Omnivore	Hypothetical (Ischigualasto or Santa Maria Formation); Smurfette's origin is unique among the Smurfs.	South America (Argentina or Brazil); Western Europe (Belgium; Smurf Village)	Late Triassic (Carnian–Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Herrerasauridae	Staurikosaurus pricei	Late Triassic (225 Ma)	Santa Maria, Brazil	~7 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog	Carnivore	Santa Maria Formation	South America (Brazil)	Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae	Anchisaurus polyzelus	Early Jurassic (190 Ma)	Connecticut Valley, USA	~6–8 ft (1.8–2.4 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore/Omnivore	Portland Formation	North America (USA)	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae	Efraasia minor	Late Triassic (210 Ma)	Stuttgart, Germany	~6.5 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore/Omnivore	Löwenstein Formation	Western Europe (Germany)	Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae	Eoraptor lunensis	Late Triassic (231 Ma)	Ischigualasto, Argentina	~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a small dog	Omnivore	Ischigualasto Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Triassic (Carnian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Anchisauridae	Thecodontosaurus antiquus	Late Triassic (210 Ma)	Bristol, England	~6.5 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Magnesian Conglomerate	Western Europe (England)	Late Triassic (Rhaetian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Plateosauridae	Massospondylus kaalae	Early Jurassic (200–183 Ma)	Upper Karoo, South Africa	~13–20 ft (4–6 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Elliot Formation	Southern Africa (South Africa)	Early Jurassic (Hettangian–Pliensbachian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Plateosauridae	Mussaurus patagonicus	Late Triassic (215 Ma)	El Tranquilo, Argentina	~10–20 ft (3–6 m) long; size of a horse (adults)	Herbivore	Laguna Colorada Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Plateosauridae	Plateosaurus gracilis	Late Triassic (210 Ma)	Trossingen, Germany	~16–26 ft (5–8 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Trossingen Formation	Western Europe (Germany)	Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Prosauropoda, Melanorosauridae	Riojasaurus incertus	Late Triassic (210 Ma)	Los Colorados, Argentina	~33 ft (10 m) long; size of an elephant	Herbivore	Los Colorados Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Triassic (Norian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Cetiosauridae	Barapasaurus tagorei	Early Jurassic (183 Ma)	Godavari Valley, India	~60 ft (18 m) long; size of a large bus	Herbivore	Kota Formation	South Asia (India)	Early Jurassic (Toarcian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Cetiosauridae	Cetiosaurus oxoniensis	Middle Jurassic (167 Ma)	Oxfordshire, England	~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Oxford Clay Formation	Western Europe (England)	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Brachiosauridae	Brachiosaurus altithorax	Late Jurassic (154–150 Ma)	Morrison, Colorado, USA; Sichuan, China	~85 ft (26 m) long; size of a large airplane	Herbivore	Garden Park, Morrison, Shishugou Formation	North America (USA), East Asia (China)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Brachiosauridae	Sauroposeidon proteles	Early Cretaceous (112 Ma)	Antlers, Oklahoma, USA	~100 ft (30 m) long; size of a jumbo jet	Herbivore	Antlers Formation	North America (USA)	Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Camarasauridae	Camarasaurus supremus	Late Jurassic (150–145 Ma)	Morrison, Wyoming, Uinta Mountains, USA	~60 ft (18 m) long; size of a large bus	Herbivore	Dinosaur National Monument, Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Camarasauridae	Euhelopus zdanskyi	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Shandong, China	~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Mengyin Formation	East Asia (China)	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Camarasauridae	Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Mongolia	~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae	Apatosaurus ajax	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Morrison, Colorado, Uinta Mountains, USA	~79.7 ft (24.3 m) long; size of a large trailer	Herbivore	Dinosaur National Monument, Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae	Dicraeosaurus sattleri	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Tendaguru, Tanzania	~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Tendaguru Formation	East Africa (Tanzania)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae	Diplodocus hallorum	Late Jurassic (150–145 Ma)	Morrison, New Mexico, Uinta Mountains, Colorado, USA	~95–110 ft (29–33.5 m) long; size of a jumbo jet	Herbivore	Dinosaur National Monument, Garden Park, Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae	Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum	Late Jurassic (160 Ma)	Sichuan, China	~115 ft (35 m) long; size of a jumbo jet	Herbivore	Shishugou Formation	East Asia (China)	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Diplodocidae	Supersaurus vivianae	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Morrison, Colorado, USA	~108–131 ft (33–40 m) long; size of a jumbo jet	Herbivore	Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Titanosauridae	Alamosaurus sanjuanensis	Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma)	Ojo Alamo, New Mexico, USA	~70–100 ft (21–30 m) long; size of a large airplane	Herbivore	Ojo Alamo Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Titanosauridae	Dreadnoughtus schrani	Late Cretaceous (77 Ma)	Cerro Fortaleza, Argentina	~85 ft (26 m) long; size of a large airplane	Herbivore	Cerro Fortaleza Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha, Sauropoda, Titanosauridae	Saltasaurus loricatus	Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma)	Lecho, Argentina	~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Lecho Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

Cerapoda – Beaked, Horned, and Armored: Chart Table

Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Fabrosauridae	Lesothosaurus diagnosticus	Early Jurassic (200 Ma)	Upper Elliot, Lesotho	~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Upper Elliot Formation	Southern Africa (Lesotho)	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Fabrosauridae	Scutellosaurus lawleri	Early Jurassic (196 Ma)	Kayenta, Arizona, USA	~4 ft (1.2 m) long; size of a small dog	Herbivore	Kayenta Formation	North America (USA)	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Heterodontosauridae	Echinodon becklesii	Early Cretaceous (140 Ma)	Purbeck, England	~2 ft (0.6 m) long; size of a small cat	Herbivore/Omnivore	Purbeck Group	Western Europe (England)	Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Heterodontosauridae	Heterodontosaurus tucki	Early Jurassic (200 Ma)	Upper Elliot, South Africa	~4 ft (1.2 m) long; size of a small dog	Herbivore/Omnivore	Upper Elliot Formation	Southern Africa (South Africa)	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Heterodontosauridae	Pisanosaurus mertii	Late Triassic (228 Ma)	Ischigualasto, Argentina	~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a small dog	Herbivore	Ischigualasto Formation	South America (Argentina)	Late Triassic (Carnian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae	Callovosaurus leedsi	Middle Jurassic (165 Ma)	Oxford, England	~11.5 ft (3.5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Oxford Clay Formation	Western Europe (England)	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae	Dryosaurus elderae	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Morrison, Utah, USA	~8–10 ft (2.4–3 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae	Hypsilophodon foxii	Early Cretaceous (125 Ma)	Isle of Wight, England	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Wessex Formation	Western Europe (England)	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae	Nanosaurus agilis	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Morrison, Utah, USA	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae	Parksosaurus warreni	Late Cretaceous (76–65 Ma)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	~8 ft (2.4 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hypsilophodontidae	Thescelosaurus garbanii	Late Cretaceous (66 Ma)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	~11–13 ft (3.4–4 m) long; size of a horse	Herbivore	Hell Creek Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae	Camptosaurus dispar	Late Jurassic (150 Ma)	Morrison, Wyoming, USA	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Morrison Formation	North America (USA)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae	Iguanodon bernissartensis	Early Cretaceous (125 Ma)	Bernissart, Belgium	~43 ft (13 m) long; size of an elephant	Herbivore	Wealden Group	Western Europe (Belgium, England)	Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae	Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis	Early Cretaceous (125 Ma)	Isle of Wight, England	~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Wessex Formation	Western Europe (England)	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae	Muttaburrasaurus langdoni	Early Cretaceous (110 Ma)	Muttaburra, Australia	~26 ft (8 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Mackunda Formation	Australia	Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae	Ouranosaurus nigeriensis	Early Cretaceous (115 Ma)	Gadoufaoua, Niger	~24 ft (7.3 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Elrhaz Formation	North Africa (Niger)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae	Probactrosaurus gobiensis	Early Cretaceous (110 Ma)	Dashuigou, Gobi Desert, China	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Dashuigou Formation	East Asia (China)	Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Iguanodontidae	Tenontosaurus dossi	Early Cretaceous (115 Ma)	Cloverly, Montana, USA	~20–26 ft (6–8 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Cloverly Formation	North America (USA)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Bactrosaurus johnsoni	Late Cretaceous (80 Ma)	Iren Dabasu, China	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Iren Dabasu Formation	East Asia (China)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Edmontosaurus regalis	Late Cretaceous (73–65 Ma)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada; Lance, Wyoming, USA	~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon, Lance Formation	North America (Canada, USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Hadrosaurus foulkii	Late Cretaceous (80 Ma)	Woodbury, New Jersey, USA	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Woodbury Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Kritosaurus navajovius	Late Cretaceous (73 Ma)	Kirtland, New Mexico, USA	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Kirtland Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Maiasaura peeblesorum	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Two Medicine Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Prosaurolophus maximus	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~26 ft (8 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Saurolophus osborni	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada; Nemegt, Mongolia	~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon, Nemegt Formations	North America (Canada), East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Shantungosaurus giganteus	Late Cretaceous (78 Ma)	Shandong, China	~50 ft (15 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Wangshi Group	East Asia (China)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Corythosaurus casuarius	Late Cretaceous (77 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada; Lance, Wyoming, USA	~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park, Lance Formation	North America (Canada, USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Hypacrosaurus stebingeri	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Two Medicine Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Lambeosaurus magnicristatus	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Olorotitan arharensis	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Kundur, Russia	~40 ft (12 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Udurchukan Formation	Eastern Europe (Russia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Parasaurolophus walkeri	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus	Late Cretaceous (78 Ma)	Wangshi, Shandong, China	~33 ft (10 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Wangshi Group	East Asia (China)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae	Homalocephale calathocercos	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Mongolia	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae	Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis	Late Cretaceous (70–65 Ma)	Hell Creek, Wyoming, USA	~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Hell Creek, Lance Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae	Prenocephale prenes	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Nemegt, Mongolia	~7 ft (2.1 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Nemegt Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Pachycephalosauridae	Stegoceras validum	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Psittacosauridae	Psittacosaurus meileyingensis	Early Cretaceous (125 Ma)	Yixian, Liaoning, China	~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Yixian Formation	East Asia (China)	Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae	Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi	Late Cretaceous (80 Ma)	Barun Goyot, Mongolia	~3.3 ft (1 m) long; size of a small dog	Herbivore	Barun Goyot Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae	Leptoceratops gracilis	Late Cretaceous (66 Ma)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	~6.6 ft (2 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Hell Creek Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae	Microceratus gobiensis	Late Cretaceous (80 Ma)	Minhe, Gobi Desert, Mongolia	~2 ft (0.6 m) long; size of a small cat	Herbivore	Minhe Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae	Montanoceratops cerorhynchus	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	St. Mary River, Montana, USA	~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	St. Mary River Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Protoceratopidae	Protoceratops hellenikorhinus	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Djadokhta, Mongolia	~6 ft (1.8 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Djadokhta Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Anchiceratops ornatus	Late Cretaceous (73 Ma)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Arrhinoceratops brachyops	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Chasmosaurus belli	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Pentaceratops sternbergii	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Kirtland, New Mexico, USA	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Kirtland Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Torosaurus latus	Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma)	Hell Creek, Montana, Laramie, Colorado, USA	~25 ft (7.6 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Hell Creek, Laramie Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Triceratops horridus	Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma)	Hell Creek, Montana, Lance, Wyoming, USA	~30 ft (9 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Hell Creek, Lance Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Centrosaurus apertus	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Nasutoceratops titusi	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Kaiparowits, Utah, USA	~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Kaiparowits Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai	Late Cretaceous (73–65 Ma)	Wapiti, Alberta, Canada; Laramie, Colorado, USA	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Wapiti, Laramie Formation	North America (Canada, USA)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Cerapoda, Ceratopia, Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Styracosaurus ovatus	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~18 ft (5.5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

Thyreophora – The Armored Tanks: Chart Table

Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Huayangosauridae	Huayangosaurus taibaii	Middle Jurassic (165 Ma)	Zigong, Sichuan, China	~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Lower Shaximiao Formation	East Asia (China)	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Huayangosauridae	Tuojiangosaurus multispinus	Late Jurassic (160 Ma)	Zigong, Sichuan, China	~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Upper Shaximiao Formation	East Asia (China)	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Stegosauridae	Kentrosaurus aethiopicus	Late Jurassic (155–150 Ma)	Tendaguru, Tanzania	~15 ft (4.5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Tendaguru Formation	East Africa (Tanzania)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Stegosauridae	Stegosaurus stenops	Late Jurassic (150–140 Ma)	Morrison, Wyoming, Uinta Mountains, USA; Lourinhã, Portugal	~33.1 ft (10.1 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Morrison, Dinosaur National Monument, Lourinhã Formation	North America (USA), Western Europe (Portugal)	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian–Tithonian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Stegosauria, Stegosauridae	Wuerhosaurus ordosensis	Early Cretaceous (125 Ma)	Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, China	~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Ejinhoro Formation	East Asia (China)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Scelidosauridae	Scelidosaurus harrisonii	Early Jurassic (190 Ma)	Charmouth, Dorset, England	~13 ft (4 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Charmouth Mudstone Formation	Western Europe (England)	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae	Hylaeosaurus armatus	Early Cretaceous (135 Ma)	Tilgate Forest, England	~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Grinstead Clay Formation	Western Europe (England)	Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae	Nodosaurus textilis	Late Cretaceous (100 Ma)	Frontier, Wyoming, USA	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Frontier Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae	Panoplosaurus mirus	Late Cretaceous (76–65 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~23 ft (7 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae	Polacanthus foxii	Early Cretaceous (125 Ma)	Isle of Wight, England	~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Wessex Formation	Western Europe (England)	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae	Sauropelta edwardsorum	Early Cretaceous (115 Ma)	Cloverly, Montana, USA	~25 ft (7.6 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Cloverly Formation	North America (USA)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae	Silvisaurus condrayi	Late Cretaceous (95 Ma)	Smoky Hill, Kansas, USA	~13 ft (4 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Dakota Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Nodosauridae	Struthiosaurus transylvanicus	Late Cretaceous (70 Ma)	Hațeg Basin, Romania	~10 ft (3 m) long; size of a large dog	Herbivore	Sânpetru Formation	Eastern Europe (Romania)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae	Ankylosaurus magniventris	Late Cretaceous (68–65 Ma)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	~31.5 ft (9.6 m) long; size of a bus	Herbivore	Hell Creek Formation	North America (USA)	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae	Euoplocephalus tutus	Late Cretaceous (76 Ma)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park Formation	North America (Canada)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae	Saichania chulsanensis	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Nemegt, Mongolia	~20 ft (6 m) long; size of a large rhino	Herbivore	Barun Goyot Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Ornithischia, Thyreophora, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae	Talarurus plicatospineus	Late Cretaceous (75 Ma)	Bayan Shiree, Mongolia	~16 ft (5 m) long; size of a large horse	Herbivore	Bayan Shiree Formation	East Asia (Mongolia)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

The Macmillan Guide to Mesozoic Giants: Pterosauria, Saurischia, and Ornithischia

Species	Name Means	Clade/Subclade	Size (Height/Length/Wingspan or Weight)	Diet	Status	Geological Period	Location	Formation	Details
Pterosauria – Lords of the Ancient Skies
Dimorphodon macronyx	Two-form tooth	Pterosauria/Rhamphorhynchoidea/Dimorphodontidae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 1.0m (3.3 ft) L / 1.31m (4.3 ft) W / 2 kg (4.4 lbs)	Carnivore/Insectivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	Europe	Lias Group	Chunky head, two types of teeth
Eudimorphodon ranzii	True two-form tooth	Pterosauria/Rhamphorhynchoidea/Eudimorphodontidae	0.4m (1.3 ft) H / 0.7m (2.3 ft) L / 0.9m (3.0 ft) W / 1.5 kg (3.3 lbs)	Piscivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	Europe	Zorzino Limestone	Early pterosaur, fish-eater
Anurognathus ammoni	Jawless mouth	Pterosauria/Rhamphorhynchoidea/Rhamphorhynchidae	0.2m (0.7 ft) H / 0.3m (1.0 ft) L / 0.5m (1.6 ft) W / 0.2 kg (0.4 lbs)	Insectivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Europe	Solnhofen Limestone	Tiny, bat-like insectivore
Rhamphorhynchus etchesi	Beak snout	Pterosauria/Rhamphorhynchoidea/Rhamphorhynchidae	0.5m (1.6 ft) H / 1.0m (3.3 ft) L / 1.81m (5.9 ft) W / 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs)	Piscivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Europe	Solnhofen Limestone	Long-tailed, fish-catching
Scaphognathus crassirostris	Boat jaw	Pterosauria/Rhamphorhynchoidea/Rhamphorhynchidae	0.4m (1.3 ft) H / 0.6m (2.0 ft) L / 0.93m (3.1 ft) W / 1.8 kg (4.0 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Europe	Solnhofen Limestone	Short-snouted, sturdy
Sordes pilosus	Hairy devil	Pterosauria/Rhamphorhynchoidea/Rhamphorhynchidae	0.3m (1.0 ft) H / 0.4m (1.3 ft) L / 0.65m (2.1 ft) W / 1 kg (2.2 lbs)	Insectivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Asia	Karabastau Formation	Fuzzy, proto-fur
Dsungaripterus weii	Junggar wing	Pterosauria/Pterodactyloidea/Dsungaripteridae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 1.5m (4.9 ft) L / 3.5m (11.5 ft) W / 15 kg (33 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Asia	Lianmuqin Formation	Robust, shellfish-crusher
Arthurdactylus conandoylei	Arthur’s finger	Pterosauria/Pterodactyloidea/Pterodaustriidae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 4.6m (15.1 ft) W / 20 kg (44 lbs)	Piscivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	South America	Santana Formation	Large, soaring pterosaur
Pterodaustro guinazui	Southern wing	Pterosauria/Pterodactyloidea/Pterodaustriidae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 1.2m (3.9 ft) L / 1.93m (6.3 ft) W / 5 kg (11 lbs)	Filter-feeder	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	South America	Lagarcito Formation	Flamingo-like, bristle-teeth
Cearadactylus atrox	Fierce Ceará wing	Pterosauria/Pterodactyloidea/Pterodactylidae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 1.8m (5.9 ft) L / 4.0m (13.1 ft) W / 18 kg (40 lbs)	Piscivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	South America	Santana Formation	Sharp-beaked, coastal predator
Pteranodon sternbergi	Toothless wing	Pterosauria/Pterodactyloidea/Ornithocheiridae	1.8m (5.9 ft) H / 3.0m (9.8 ft) L / 6.4m (21.0 ft) W / 25 kg (55 lbs)	Piscivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Niobrara Formation	Crested, soaring giant
Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni	Feathered serpent god	Pterosauria/Pterodactyloidea/Ornithocheiridae	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 17.0m (55.8 ft) W / 200 kg (440 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Javelina Formation	Largest flying animal known
Saurischia: Theropoda – The Predatory Elite
Coelophysis bauri	Hollow form	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Podokesauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 3.35m (11.0 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	North America	Chinle Formation	Lightweight pack hunter
Procompsognathus triassicus	Before elegant jaw	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Podokesauridae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 1.0m (3.3 ft) L / 0.01 t (22 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	Europe	Stubensandstein Formation	Tiny, swift predator
Saltopus elginensis	Leaping foot	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Podokesauridae	0.4m (1.3 ft) H / 0.5m (1.6 ft) L / 0.005 t (11 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	Europe	Lossiemouth Sandstone	Possibly a dinosaur relative
Coelurus fragilis	Hollow tail	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Coeluridae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.5m (8.2 ft) L / 0.03 t (66 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Slender, fast runner
Moros intrepidus	Impending doom	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Coeluridae	0.9m (3.0 ft) H / 3.0m (9.8 ft) L / 0.05 t (110 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Cedar Mountain Formation	Smallest known tyrannosauroid
Compsognathus longipes	Elegant jaw	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Compsognathidae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 1.5m (4.9 ft) L / 0.003 t (6.6 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Europe	Solnhofen Limestone	Chicken-sized, sharp-toothed
Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis	Chinese feathered lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Compsognathidae	0.5m (1.6 ft) H / 1.0m (3.3 ft) L / 0.002 t (4.4 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Asia	Yixian Formation	First confirmed feathered dinosaur
Dromiceiomimus samueli	Emu mimic	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Ornithomimidae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 4.0m (13.1 ft) L / 0.1 t (220 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Ostrich-like, fast runner
Gallimimus bullatus	Chicken mimic	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Ornithomimidae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 6.0m (19.7 ft) L / 0.4 t (880 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Flock-living, speedy
Ornithomimus velox	Bird mimic	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Ornithomimidae	1.6m (5.2 ft) H / 2.45m (8.0 ft) L / 0.15 t (330 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Denver Formation	Ostrich-mimic, feathered
Struthiomimus altus	Ostrich mimic	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Ornithomimidae	1.7m (5.6 ft) H / 4.5m (14.8 ft) L / 0.2 t (440 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Fast, feathered flock runner
Deinocheirus mirificus	Terrible hand	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Deinocheiridae	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 12.0m (39.4 ft) L / 6.0 t (13,200 lbs)	Omnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Massive arms, hump-backed
Oviraptor philoceratops	Egg thief	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Oviraptoridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 1.9m (6.2 ft) L / 0.04 t (88 lbs)	Omnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Djadochta Formation	Misnamed “egg thief,” likely parental
Therizinosaurus cheloniformis	Scythe lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Therizinosauridae	3.5m (11.5 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 5.0 t (11,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Giant claws, possibly herbivorous
Stenonychosaurus inequalis	Narrow-clawed lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Saurornithoididae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 2.9m (9.5 ft) L / 0.05 t (110 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Brainy troodontid
Troodon formosus	Wounding tooth	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Saurornithoididae	1.2m (3.9 ft) H / 4.3m (14.1 ft) L / 0.07 t (154 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Two Medicine Formation	Possibly nocturnal, intelligent
Bambiraptor feinbergi	Bambi thief	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Dromaeosauridae	0.7m (2.3 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Two Medicine Formation	Small, possibly intelligent
Deinonychus antirrhopus	Terrible claw	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Dromaeosauridae	1.2m (3.9 ft) H / 3.55m (11.6 ft) L / 0.07 t (154 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	North America	Cloverly Formation	Inspired Jurassic Park’s Velociraptor
Dromaeosaurus albertensis	Running lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Dromaeosauridae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.03 t (66 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Agile, pack-hunting raptor
Saurornitholestes sullivani	Lizard-bird thief	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Dromaeosauridae	0.9m (3.0 ft) H / 2.4m (7.9 ft) L / 0.03 t (66 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Sharp-eyed, clawed hunter
Velociraptor osmolskae	Swift thief	Saurischia/Theropoda/Coelurosauria/Dromaeosauridae	0.7m (2.3 ft) H / 1.85m (6.1 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Djadochta Formation	Feathered, sickle-clawed
Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi	Ancient wing	Saurischia/Theropoda/Archaeopterygiformes	0.3m (1.0 ft) H / 0.36m (1.2 ft) L / 0.001 t (2.2 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct, Well-preserved	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Europe	Solnhofen Limestone	Feathered, bird-dinosaur link
Ceratosaurus nasicornis	Horned lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Ceratosauria/Ceratosauridae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 6.9m (22.6 ft) L / 0.9 t (1,980 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Nose horn, blade-like teeth
Dilophosaurus wetherilli	Two-crested lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Ceratosauria/Ceratosauridae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 6.3m (20.7 ft) L / 0.4 t (880 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	North America	Kayenta Formation	Twin-crested ambusher
Elaphrosaurus bambergi	Lightweight lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Ceratosauria/Ceratosauridae	1.8m (5.9 ft) H / 6.3m (20.7 ft) L / 0.2 t (440 lbs)	Omnivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Africa	Tendaguru Formation	Long-legged, possibly mixed diet
Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis	Well-curved vertebra	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Megalosauridae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 4.5m (14.8 ft) L / 0.5 t (1,100 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Middle Jurassic (~174–163 Ma)	Europe	Oxford Clay Formation	Mid-sized predator
Giganotosaurus carolinii	Giant southern lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Megalosauridae	3.5m (11.5 ft) H / 13.1m (43.0 ft) L / 7.0 t (15,400 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	South America	Candeleros Formation	Larger than T. rex
Poekilopleuron bucklandii	Varied rib	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Megalosauridae	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 6.8m (22.3 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Middle Jurassic (~174–163 Ma)	Europe	Normandy Formation	Agile, mid-sized carnivore
Proceratosaurus bradleyi	Before Ceratosaurus	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Megalosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 2.7m (8.9 ft) L / 0.1 t (220 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Middle Jurassic (~174–163 Ma)	Europe	Great Oolite Group	Early tyrannosauroid
Allosaurus europaeus	Different lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Allosauridae	4.5m (13 ft) H / 12.0m (39.4 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Europe, North America	Morrison Lourinhã Formation	Powerful, saw-toothed predator
Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis	Zigong lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Allosauridae	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 6.5m (21.3 ft) L / 1.5 t (3,300 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Middle Jurassic (~174–163 Ma)	Asia	Shaximiao Formation	Balanced, brutal predator
Acrocanthosaurus atokensis	High-spined lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Spinosauridae	3.5m (11.5 ft) H / 11.5m (37.7 ft) L / 5.0 t (11,000 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	North America	Antlers Formation	Hump-backed, large predator
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus	Spined lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Spinosauridae	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 14.0m (45.9 ft) L / 7.0 t (15,400 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Early–Late Cretaceous (~145–66 Ma)	Africa	Kem Kem Beds	Sail-backed, semi-aquatic
Albertosaurus sarcophagus	Alberta lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Tyrannosauridae	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.3m (30.5 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Sleek tyrannosaurid
Alioramus altai	Different branch	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Tyrannosauridae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 0.7 t (1,540 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Smaller tyrannosaurid
Daspletosaurus horneri	Frightful lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Tyrannosauridae	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 8.7m (28.5 ft) L / 2.5 t (5,500 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Oldman Formation	Robust tyrannosaurid
Tarbosaurus bataar	Alarming lizard	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Tyrannosauridae	3.5m (11.5 ft) H / 10.6m (34.8 ft) L / 4.0 t (8,800 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Asia’s T. rex equivalent
Tyrannosaurus rex	Tyrant lizard king	Saurischia/Theropoda/Carnosauria/Tyrannosauridae	4.7m (15 ft) H / 15.0m (49.2 ft) L / 9.0 t (19,800 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Hell Creek, Lance Formation	Bone-crushing apex predator
Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha – The Gentle Giants
Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis	Herrera’s lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Herrerasauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 4.2m (13.8 ft) L / 0.2 t (440 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	South America	Ischigualasto Formation	Early carnivorous dinosaur
Sanjuansaurus gordilloi	San Juan lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Herrerasauridae	1.2m (3.9 ft) H / 3.0m (9.8 ft) L / 0.1 t (220 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	South America	Ischigualasto Formation	Small, early predator
Smurfette (Smurfs 2025)	Fictional Smurf character	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Herrerasauridae	0.1m (0.3 ft) H / 0.198m (0.65 ft) L / 0.001 t (2.2 lbs)	Herbivore	Fictional	Late Triassic (Fictional)	Europe	Smurf Village	Hypothetical, Peyo-inspired
Staurikosaurus pricei	Southern Cross lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Herrerasauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.03 t (66 lbs)	Carnivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	South America	Santa Maria Formation	Early, bipedal predator
Anchisaurus polyzelus	Near lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Anchisauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 3.15m (10.3 ft) L / 0.03 t (66 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	North America	Portland Formation	Small, bipedal herbivore
Efraasia minor	Small Efraasia	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Anchisauridae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.5m (8.2 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	Europe	Löwenstein Formation	Early sauropodomorph, lightweight
Eoraptor lunensis	Dawn thief	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Anchisauridae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 1.0m (3.3 ft) L / 0.01 t (22 lbs)	Omnivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	South America	Ischigualasto Formation	Early dinosaur, possibly omnivorous
Thecodontosaurus antiquus	Socket-toothed lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Anchisauridae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.5m (8.2 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	Europe	Magnesian Conglomerate	Small, agile herbivore
Massospondylus kaalae	Massive vertebra	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Plateosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 3.5m (11.5 ft) L / 0.1 t (220 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	Africa	Upper Elliot Formation	Family-oriented, egg-layer
Mussaurus patagonicus	Mouse lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Plateosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 8.0m (26.2 ft) L / 0.5 t (1,100 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	South America	Laguna Colorada Formation	Grew from tiny hatchlings
Plateosaurus gracilis	Flat lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Plateosauridae	1.8m (5.9 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 0.7 t (1,540 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	Europe	Löwenstein Formation	Common, lanky prosauropod
Riojasaurus incertus	Rioja lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Prosauropoda/Melanorosauridae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 6.8m (22.3 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	South America	Los Colorados Formation	Short-legged, heavy-bodied
Barapasaurus tagorei	Big-legged lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Cetiosauridae	4.0m (13.1 ft) H / 14.0m (45.9 ft) L / 7.0 t (15,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	Asia	Kota Formation	Early, robust sauropod
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis	Whale lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Cetiosauridae	5.0m (16.4 ft) H / 16.0m (52.5 ft) L / 11.0 t (24,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Middle Jurassic (~174–163 Ma)	Europe	Oxford Clay Formation	Early sauropod, long-necked
Brachiosaurus altithorax	Arm lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Brachiosauridae	16m (52 ft) H / 26.5m (86.9 ft) L / 40.0 t (88,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America, Asia	Morrison, Kota Formation	Giraffe-like, high-shouldered
Sauroposeidon proteles	Earthquake lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Brachiosauridae	20m (66.8 ft) H / 29.0m (95.1 ft) L / 50.0 t (110,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	North America	Antlers Formation	One of the tallest dinosaurs
Camarasaurus supremus	Chambered lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Camarasauridae	9m (29 ft) H / 20.0m (65.6 ft) L / 20.0 t (44,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Chunky, strong-jawed
Euhelopus zdanskyi	Good marsh foot	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Camarasauridae	5.0m (16.4 ft) H / 15.0m (49.2 ft) L / 15.0 t (33,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Asia	Mengyin Formation	Long-necked, robust sauropod
Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii	Posterior hollow tail	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Camarasauridae	4.5m (14.8 ft) H / 14.0m (45.9 ft) L / 10.0 t (22,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Unique tail structure
Apatosaurus ajax	Deceptive lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Diplodocidae	7.0m (23 ft) H / 23.0m (75.5 ft) L / 20.0 t (44,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Once confused with Brontosaurus
Dicraeosaurus sattleri	Forked lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Diplodocidae	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 14.8m (48.6 ft) L / 5.0 t (11,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Africa	Tendaguru Formation	Shorter-necked, spiky
Diplodocus hallorum	Double beam	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Diplodocidae	5.0m (16.4 ft) H / 30.0m (98.4 ft) L / 15.0 t (33,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Whip-tailed giant
Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum	Mamenchi lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Diplodocidae	21.0m (69.3 ft) H / 26.0m (85.3 ft) L / 25.0 t (55,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Asia	Shaximiao Formation	Longest neck among sauropods
Supersaurus vivianae	Super lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Diplodocidae	18m (59.4 ft) H / 40.0m (130.3 ft) L / 35.0 t (77,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Among the longest dinosaurs
Alamosaurus sanjuanensis	Alamo lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Titanosauridae	17.0m (56.0 ft) H / 30.0m (98.4 ft) L / 30.0 t (66,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Ojo Alamo Formation	Massive titanosaur
Dreadnoughtus schrani	Fears nothing	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Titanosauridae	16.0m (52.0 ft) H / 28.0m (91.9 ft) L / 40.0 t (88,000 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	South America	Cerro Fortaleza Formation	Among the heaviest dinosaurs
Saltasaurus loricatus	Salta lizard	Saurischia/Sauropodomorpha/Sauropoda/Titanosauridae	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 8.9m (29.2 ft) L / 7.0 t (15,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	South America	Lecho Formation	Armored titanosaur
Ornithischia: Cerapoda – Beaked, Horned, and Armored
Lesothosaurus diagnosticus	Lesotho lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Fabrosauridae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.01 t (22 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	Africa	Upper Elliot Formation	Small, agile, early ornithischian
Scutellosaurus lawleri	Little shield lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Fabrosauridae	0.5m (1.6 ft) H / 1.2m (3.9 ft) L / 0.01 t (22 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	North America	Kayenta Formation	Armored, bipedal herbivore
Echinodon becklesii	Spiny tooth	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Heterodontosauridae	0.4m (1.3 ft) H / 0.6m (2.0 ft) L / 0.005 t (11 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Europe	Purbeck Group	Tiny, tusked herbivore
Heterodontosaurus tucki	Different-toothed lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Heterodontosauridae	0.5m (1.6 ft) H / 1.2m (3.9 ft) L / 0.01 t (22 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	Africa	Upper Elliot Formation	Tusked, mixed teeth
Pisanosaurus mertii	Pisano’s lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Heterodontosauridae	0.4m (1.3 ft) H / 1.0m (3.3 ft) L / 0.01 t (22 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Triassic (~237–201 Ma)	South America	Ischigualasto Formation	Possibly earliest ornithischian
Callovosaurus leedsi	Callovian lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hypsilophodontidae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.5m (8.2 ft) L / 0.05 t (110 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Middle Jurassic (~174–163 Ma)	Europe	Oxford Clay Formation	Early ornithopod, swift
Dryosaurus elderae	Tree lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hypsilophodontidae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 3.0m (9.8 ft) L / 0.1 t (220 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Fast, forest-dwelling
Hypsilophodon foxii	High-ridge tooth	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hypsilophodontidae	0.7m (2.3 ft) H / 2.3m (7.5 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Europe	Wessex Formation	Nimble, bipedal herbivore
Nanosaurus agilis	Dwarf lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hypsilophodontidae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Tiny, agile runner
Parksosaurus warreni	Park’s lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hypsilophodontidae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.5m (8.2 ft) L / 0.03 t (66 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Late-surviving hypsilophodont
Thescelosaurus garbanii	Wondrous lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hypsilophodontidae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 4.0m (13.1 ft) L / 0.3 t (660 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Hell Creek Formation	Robust, late ornithopod
Camptosaurus dispar	Bent lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Iguanodontidae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 6.0m (19.7 ft) L / 0.8 t (1,760 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Morrison Formation	Early iguanodont, sturdy
Iguanodon bernissartensis	Iguana tooth	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Iguanodontidae	4.2m (13 ft) H / 11.2m (39.3 ft) L / 4.0 t (8,800 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Europe	Bernissart Formation	Thumb-spiked herbivore
Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis	Mantell’s lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Iguanodontidae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 7.0m (23.0 ft) L / 0.8 t (1,760 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Europe	Wessex Formation	Lighter iguanodont
Muttaburrasaurus langdoni	Muttaburra lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Iguanodontidae	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 7.5m (24.6 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Australia	Mackunda Formation	Possibly nasal hooter
Ouranosaurus nigeriensis	Courageous lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Iguanodontidae	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 7.0m (23.0 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Africa	Elrhaz Formation	Sail-backed iguanodont
Probactrosaurus gobiensis	Before Bactrosaurus	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Iguanodontidae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 5.5m (18.0 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Asia	Dashuiguo Formation	Early hadrosaur relative
Tenontosaurus dossi	Sinew lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Iguanodontidae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 7.0m (23.0 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	North America	Cloverly Formation	Long-tailed iguanodont
Bactrosaurus johnsoni	Bactrian lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 6.0m (19.7 ft) L / 1.2 t (2,640 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Iren Dabasu Formation	Early hadrosaur
Edmontosaurus regalis	Edmonton lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 4.0 t (8,800 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Horseshoe Canyon, Lance Formation	Flat-headed duckbill
Hadrosaurus foulkii	Sturdy lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 8.0m (26.2 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Woodbury Formation	First named hadrosaur
Kritosaurus navajovius	Separated lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Kirtland Formation	Nasal hump, social
Maiasaura peeblesorum	Good mother lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct, Well-preserved	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Two Medicine Formation	Nurturing, nest-building
Prosaurolophus maximus	Before Saurolophus	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 8.5m (27.9 ft) L / 2.5 t (5,500 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Small-crested hadrosaur
Saurolophus osborni	Crested lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.8m (32.2 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America, Asia	Horseshoe Canyon, Nemegt Formation	Distinctive crest, vocal
Shantungosaurus giganteus	Shandong lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	6m (19.7 ft) H / 18m (59.6 ft) L / 16.0 t (35,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Xingezhuang Formation	Largest hadrosaur
Corythosaurus casuarius	Helmet lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park, Lance Formation	Helmet-crested, vocal
Hypacrosaurus stebingeri	Near-high lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Two Medicine Formation	Tall crest, social
Lambeosaurus magnicristatus	Lambe’s lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Hatchet-shaped crest
Olorotitan arharensis	Swan giant	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 8.0m (26.2 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Tsagayan Formation	Fan-shaped crest, vocal
Parasaurolophus walkeri	Near-crested lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.5m (31.2 ft) L / 2.5 t (5,500 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Crested, trumpet-like calls
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus	Tsingtao lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ornithopoda/Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 8.3m (27.2 ft) L / 2.5 t (5,500 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Jingangkou Formation	Unicorn-like crest
Homalocephale calathocercos	Flat-headed tail	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Pachycephalosauridae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 1.8m (5.9 ft) L / 0.04 t (88 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Flat-skulled, possibly head-butting
Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis	Thick-headed lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Pachycephalosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 4.5m (14.8 ft) L / 0.5 t (1,100 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Hell Creek Formation	Domed skull, head-butting
Prenocephale prenes	Sloping head	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Pachycephalosauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 2.4m (7.9 ft) L / 0.1 t (220 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Nemegt Formation	Rounded skull, agile
Stegoceras validum	Roof horn	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Pachycephalosauridae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.04 t (88 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Small, domed head-butters
Psittacosaurus meileyingensis	Parrot lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Psittacosauridae	0.6m (2.0 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Asia	Yixian Formation	Beaked, early ceratopian
Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi	Small-horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Protoceratopidae	0.5m (1.6 ft) H / 1.0m (3.3 ft) L / 0.02 t (44 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Barun Goyot Formation	Small, frilled herbivore
Leptoceratops gracilis	Slender horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Protoceratopidae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 2.0m (6.6 ft) L / 0.1 t (220 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Scollard Formation	Bipedal ceratopian
Microceratus gobiensis	Tiny horned	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Protoceratopidae	0.4m (1.3 ft) H / 0.8m (2.6 ft) L / 0.01 t (22 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Minhe Formation	Tiny, early frilled
Montanoceratops cerorhynchus	Montana horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Protoceratopidae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 3.0m (9.8 ft) L / 0.3 t (660 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	St. Mary River Formation	Robust, small-frilled
Protoceratops hellenikorhinus	First horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Protoceratopidae	0.8m (2.6 ft) H / 1.8m (5.9 ft) L / 0.2 t (440 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Djadochta Formation	Frilled, social herbivore
Anchiceratops ornatus	Near-horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 1.5 t (3,300 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Ornate frill, robust
Arrhinoceratops brachyops	No-nose horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 4.5m (14.8 ft) L / 1.5 t (3,300 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Short-faced, frilled
Chasmosaurus belli	Chasm lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Large, windowed frill
Pentaceratops sternbergii	Five-horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 6.0m (19.7 ft) L / 2.5 t (5,500 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Kirtland Formation	Large frill, five horns
Torosaurus latus	Perforated lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	2.5m (8.2 ft) H / 7.6m (24.9 ft) L / 4.0 t (8,800 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Hell Creek Formation	Massive frill, debated species
Triceratops horridus	Three-horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	3.0m (9.8 ft) H / 9.0m (29.5 ft) L / 6.0 t (13,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Hell Creek, Lance Formation	Iconic horned dinosaur
Centrosaurus apertus	Pointed lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	1.8m (5.9 ft) H / 5.5m (18.0 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Nasal horn, short frill
Nasutoceratops titusi	Big-nose horned face	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	1.8m (5.9 ft) H / 4.5m (14.8 ft) L / 1.5 t (3,300 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Kaiparowits Formation	Bull-like horns
Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai	Thick-nosed lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 6.0m (19.7 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Wapiti Laramie Formation	Bony nasal boss
Styracosaurus ovatus	Spiked lizard	Ornithischia/Cerapoda/Ceratopia/Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 5.5m (18.0 ft) L / 2.7 t (5,940 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Frill spikes, striking
Ornithischia: Thyreophora – The Armored Tanks
Huayangosaurus taibaii	Huayang lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Stegosauria/Huayangosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 4.0m (13.1 ft) L / 0.5 t (1,100 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Middle Jurassic (~174–163 Ma)	Asia	Shaximiao Formation	Early stegosaur, small plates
Tuojiangosaurus multispinus	Tuo River lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Stegosauria/Huayangosauridae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 7.0m (23.0 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Asia	Shaximiao Formation	Multiple back plates
Kentrosaurus aethiopicus	Spiked lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Stegosauria/Stegosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 4.5m (14.8 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	Africa	Tendaguru Formation	Paired spikes, defensive
Stegosaurus stenops	Roof lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Stegosauria/Stegosauridae	4.0m (13 ft) H / 10m (31.3 ft) L / 3.0 t (6,600 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Jurassic (~163–145 Ma)	North America	Cleveland Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry, Morrison Formation	Plated back, tail spikes
Wuerhosaurus ordosensis	Wuerho lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Stegosauria/Stegosauridae	2.0m (6.6 ft) H / 7.0m (23.0 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Asia	Ejinhoro Formation	Flat plates, late stegosaur
Scelidosaurus harrisonii	Limb lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Scelidosauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 4.0m (13.1 ft) L / 0.3 t (660 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Jurassic (~201–174 Ma)	Europe	Charmouth Mudstone	Early armored dinosaur
Hylaeosaurus armatus	Forest lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Nodosauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 0.5 t (1,100 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Europe	Wealden Formation	Early nodosaur, armored
Nodosaurus textilis	Knobbed lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Nodosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 6.0m (19.7 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Frontier Formation	Heavily armored, no club
Panoplosaurus mirus	Completely armored lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Nodosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 5.5m (18.0 ft) L / 1.5 t (3,300 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Robust nodosaur
Polacanthus foxii	Many-spined	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Nodosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 1.0 t (2,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	Europe	Wessex Formation	Spiked nodosaur
Sauropelta edwardsorum	Lizard shield	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Nodosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 1.5 t (3,300 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	North America	Cloverly Formation	Armored, spiky shoulders
Silvisaurus condrayi	Forest lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Nodosauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 4.0m (13.1 ft) L / 0.5 t (1,100 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Early Cretaceous (~145–100 Ma)	North America	Dakota Formation	Small nodosaur, forested
Struthiosaurus transylvanicus	Ostrich lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Nodosauridae	1.0m (3.3 ft) H / 2.5m (8.2 ft) L / 0.3 t (660 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Europe	Sânpetru Formation	Small, island-dwelling
Ankylosaurus magniventris	Fused lizard	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Ankylosauridae	3m (9.7 ft) H / 11m (36 ft) L / 6.0 t (13,200 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Hell Creek, Lance Formation	Club-tailed tank
Euoplocephalus tutus	Well-armored head	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Ankylosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 6.0m (19.7 ft) L / 2.5 t (5,500 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	North America	Dinosaur Park Formation	Club-tailed, heavily armored
Saichania chulsanensis	Beautiful one	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Ankylosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 5.8m (19.0 ft) L / 2.0 t (4,400 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Barun Goyot Formation	Desert-adapted ankylosaur
Talarurus plicatospineus	Basket-tail	Ornithischia/Thyreophora/Ankylosauria/Ankylosauridae	1.5m (4.9 ft) H / 5.0m (16.4 ft) L / 1.5 t (3,300 lbs)	Herbivore	Extinct	Late Cretaceous (~100–66 Ma)	Asia	Bayan Shireh Formation	Spiked, club-tailed

Visual Elements

• Color Coding:
  • Pterosauria: Violet shades (deep purple for Rhamphorhynchoidea, lavender for Pterodactyloidea).
  • Saurischia (Theropoda): Red shades (crimson for Coelurosauria, scarlet for Carnosauria).
  • Saurischia (Sauropodomorpha): Blue shades (navy for Diplodocidae, sky blue for Brachiosauridae).
  • Ornithischia (Cerapoda): Green shades (forest green for Ornithopoda, lime green for Ceratopia).
  • Ornithischia (Thyreophora): Brown shades (chestnut for Stegosauria, tan for Ankylosauria).
• Silhouettes: Scaled silhouettes next to each row, highlighting key features (e.g., Quetzalcoatlus’ wings, Tyrannosaurus’ jaws, Triceratops’ horns, Stegosaurus’ plates, Smurfette’s Smurf hat). Human silhouette (1.8m height) for scale.
• Map Inset: World map at the bottom with colored dots (red: North America, blue: Europe, green: Asia, yellow: Africa, purple: South America, orange: Australia, pink: Mongolia). Smurfette’s location marked with a question mark.
• Annotations: Labels with species details (e.g., “Quetzalcoatlus: 17m wingspan, North America”). Interactive versions include hover effects (e.g., “Parasaurolophus: Crested, trumpet-like calls”).
• Legend: Explains color coding, geological periods, and notes Smurfette as fictional and “ineus” as excluded due to incomplete data.

Notes on Data

• Name Means: Sourced from The Macmillan Illustrated Encyclopedia and paleontological records (e.g., “Quetzalcoatlus” = “Feathered serpent god,” “Tyrannosaurus rex” = “Tyrant lizard king”). Smurfette is fictional, inspired by The Smurfs (2025).
• Size: Wingspans for pterosaurs and lengths for dinosaurs from provided data, with heights and weights estimated from Macmillan and studies (e.g., Quetzalcoatlus ~200 kg per Witton 2013; Tyrannosaurus ~9 t per Paul 2016; Supersaurus ~35 t per Jensen 1985; Triceratops ~6 t per Horner 2010; Ankylosaurus ~6 t per Carpenter 2004). Smurfette’s size (0.198m) reflects a Smurf’s height.
• Diet: Based on provided data and Macmillan consensus (e.g., Pterodaustro as Filter-feeder, Ornithomimidae as Herbivore, Ornithischia as Herbivore). Clarified ambiguous cases (e.g., Elaphrosaurus as Omnivore per recent studies).
• Status: All real species are extinct. Smurfette is fictional. Fossil completeness noted (e.g., “Well-preserved” for Archaeopteryx, Maiasaura).
• Geological Period: Aligned with provided ranges and Macmillan (e.g., Late Triassic: ~237–201 Ma).

Giants

Given the impressive size comparisons you've laid out, here’s how Teodora Villavicencio (assumed to be 5.5–6 feet tall) measures up against these massive creatures:

Mammals

• Teodora Villavicencio: 5.5–6 feet (1.65–1.85 meters), human-sized.
• Gigantopithecus: 10 feet (3 meters) tall—almost twice as tall.
• Gorilla: 5.5–6 feet (1.7–1.8 meters) tall, similar in height but much more muscular.
• Andrewsarchus: 10 feet (3 meters) long, large but shorter than some mammals here.
• Kodiak Bear: 12 feet (3.7 meters) tall on hind legs, much taller than Teodora.
• African Bush Elephant: 13 feet (4 meters) at the shoulder, far larger and heavier.
• Woolly Mammoth: 12-14 feet (3.7–4.3 meters) at the shoulder—nearly double her size.
• White Rhino: 6 feet (1.8 meters) tall at the shoulder, bulkier but not taller.
• Paraceratherium: 18 feet (5.5 meters) tall and 26 feet (8 meters) long—far surpasses Teodora’s height.
• Giraffe: 18 feet (5.5 meters) tall, towering over a human.

---

Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Reptiles

• Allosaurus: 30 feet (9 meters) long, huge in comparison.
• Tyrannosaurus Rex: 40 feet (12 meters) long, 13 feet (4 meters) tall—over twice her height.
• Spinosaurus: 50 feet (15 meters) long, massive compared to a human.
• Brachiosaurus: 40-50 feet (12-15 meters) tall, one of the tallest dinosaurs—far beyond Teodora’s size.
• Apatosaurus: 75 feet (23 meters) long—immense compared to her.
• Ankylosaurus: 20 feet (6 meters) long, much larger than a human in length and bulk.
• Stegosaurus: 30 feet (9 meters) long, significantly larger than Teodora.
• Triceratops: 30 feet (9 meters) long, much bigger than a human.
• Deinosuchus: 30-40 feet (9-12 meters) long—huge compared to a human.
• Mamenchisaurus: 80 feet (24 meters) long, dwarfs Teodora in size.
• Pteranodon: Wingspan of 33 feet (10 meters), much larger than a human.
• Quetzalcoatlus: Wingspan up to 36 feet (11 meters), far outscaling Teodora’s size.
• Shonisaurus: 50 feet (15 meters) long, huge compared to a human.

---

Marine Life

• Sperm Whale: 60 feet (18 meters) long, far larger than a human.
• Megalodon: 60 feet (18 meters) long, a giant compared to Teodora.
• Whale Shark: 60 feet (18 meters) long, dwarfing a human.
• Bowhead Whale: 60 feet (18 meters) long—completely surpasses Teodora's size.
• Killer Whale (Orca): 32 feet (9.7 meters) long, much larger than a human.
• Northern Elephant Seal: 16 feet (4.9 meters) long, much larger in length.
• Steller's Sea Cow: Up to 30 feet (9 meters) long—significantly larger than Teodora.
• Great White Shark: 20 feet (6 meters) long, much longer but comparable in height.
• Swordfish: 16 feet (5 meters) long, much larger than a human.
• Basking Shark: 40 feet (12 meters) long, very large compared to a human.
• Blue Whale: 100 feet (30 meters) long, the largest animal ever, vastly larger than a human.

---

Other Notable Creatures

• Moa: 12 feet (3.6 meters) tall—much taller than a human.
• North African Ostrich: 9 feet (2.7 meters) tall, larger than a human but not as large as others.
• Prionosuchus: 30 feet (9 meters) long, much longer than Teodora.
• Giant Condor: Wingspan of 10 feet (3 meters), larger than a human's wingspan.
• Giant Dragonfly: Wingspan of 30 inches (0.75 meters), much smaller than a human.
• Giant Squid: 50 feet (15.5 meters) long, massively larger.
• Sea Scorpion: 8 feet (2.4 meters) long, much larger than a human.
• Giant Spider Crab: Leg span of 12 feet (3.6 meters), much larger than a human.
• Arctic Lion's Mane Jellyfish: Tentacles up to 120 feet (36.5 meters), vastly surpassing a human’s size.

---

Conclusion:

Teodora Villavicencio, at 5.5-6 feet (1.65-1.85 meters), is dwarfed by most of these creatures. While she is similar in height to a Gorilla, White Rhino, or some large birds like the Moa, the Mammals, Dinosaurs, and Marine Life you've mentioned are on an entirely different scale—often measuring in lengths or heights that are multiples of her size. Teodora would be truly tiny when compared to the Spinosaurus, Blue Whale, or Paraceratherium, whose sizes exceed hers by hundreds of times.

Pterosaur Species Chart

Species	Name Means	Classification	Size Comparison	Place	Diet	Details
Caelestiventus hanseni	"Heavenly wind"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Dimorphodontidae	Human child (wingspan ~1.5 m)	Saints & Sinners Quarry, Utah, USA	Insectivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1.5 m wingspan; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Britt et al., 2018; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Nugget Sandstone. Earliest North American pterosaur; desert-adapted flyer with agile flight.
Dimorphodon macronyx	"Two-form tooth"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Dimorphodontidae	Small dog (wingspan ~1.8–2 m)	Lyme Regis, Dorset, UK	Insectivorous/Piscivorous	Height: ~0.6 m; Length: 1.8–2 m wingspan; Weight: 2–3 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Sinemurian (~190 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Owen, 1859; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Blue Lias. Mixed teeth (large front, small back); limited soaring ability.
Eudimorphodon ranzii	"True two-form tooth"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Eudimorphodontidae	House cat (wingspan ~1 m)	Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy	Piscivorous	Height: ~0.4 m; Length: 1 m wingspan; Weight: ~1 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Zambelli, 1973; Area: Europe; Country: Italy; Region: Northern; Formation: Zorzino Limestone. Multicusped teeth for fish; early coastal predator.
Anurognathus ammoni	"Tailless jaw"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Rhamphorhynchidae	Bat (wingspan ~0.5–0.6 m)	Eichstätt, Bavaria, Germany	Insectivorous	Height: ~0.1 m; Length: 0.5–0.6 m wingspan; Weight: 0.2–0.5 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Döderlein, 1923; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Solnhofen Limestone. Nocturnal; bat-like agility with large eyes.
Dorygnathus banthensis	"Spear jaw"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Rhamphorhynchidae	Golden retriever (wingspan ~1.5 m)	Holzmaden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany	Piscivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1.5 m wingspan; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Toarcian (~180 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Theodori, 1830; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Posidonia Shale. Needle-like teeth for fish; marine-adapted flyer.
Rhamphorhynchus etches	"Beak snout"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Rhamphorhynchidae	Eagle (wingspan ~1.8–2 m)	Kimmeridge, Dorset, UK	Piscivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1.8–2 m wingspan; Weight: 2–3 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Etches et al., 2018; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Kimmeridge Clay. Tail vane for flight control; fish in gut contents.
Scaphognathus crassirostris	"Boat jaw"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Rhamphorhynchidae	Fox (wingspan ~0.9–1 m)	Eichstätt, Bavaria, Germany	Omnivorous	Height: ~0.4 m; Length: 0.9–1 m wingspan; Weight: ~1 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Goldfuss, 1831; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Solnhofen Limestone. Robust snout for varied diet; agile flyer.
Sordes pilosus	"Hairy devil"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Rhamphorhynchoidea; Family: Rhamphorhynchidae	Small cat (wingspan ~0.6–1 m)	Karatau, Kazakhstan	Insectivorous/Piscivorous	Height: ~0.3 m; Length: 0.6–1 m wingspan; Weight: 0.5–1 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Oxfordian (~155 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sharov, 1971; Area: Asia; Country: Kazakhstan; Region: Southern; Formation: Karabastau. Pycnofibers (hair-like structures); well-preserved soft tissue.
Dsungaripterus weii	"Junggar wing"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Dsungaripteridae	Pony (wingspan ~3–3.5 m)	Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China	Molluskivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–3.5 m wingspan; Weight: 10–15 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~120 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Young, 1964; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Northwest; Formation: Tugulu Group. Crushing teeth for shellfish; wading feeder.
Arthurdactylus conandoylei	After Arthur Conan Doyle	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Pterodaustriidae	Albatross (wingspan ~4–5 m)	Santana, Ceará, Brazil	Piscivorous	Height: ~1.2 m; Length: 4–5 m wingspan; Weight: 15–20 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~110 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Frey & Martill, 1994; Area: South America; Country: Brazil; Region: Northeast; Formation: Santana. Long wings for oceanic soaring; crestless.
Pterodaustro guinazui	"Southern wing"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Pterodaustriidae	Flamingo (wingspan ~2.5–3 m)	San Luis, Argentina	Filter-feeder	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: 2.5–3 m wingspan; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~105 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bonaparte, 1970; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Lagarcito. 1,000+ bristle-like teeth for filter-feeding; wading lifestyle.
Shenzhoupterus chaoyangensis	"China wing"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Pterodaustriidae	Hawk (wingspan ~2 m)	Chaoyang, Liaoning, China	Piscivorous/Insectivorous	Height: ~0.7 m; Length: 2 m wingspan; Weight: 3–5 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~120 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lü et al., 2008; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Northeast; Formation: Jiufotang. Crested skull; likely forest or lake flyer.
Cearadactylus atrox	"Ceará terrible finger"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Pterodactylidae	Condor (wingspan ~4–5 m)	Santana, Ceará, Brazil	Piscivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m wingspan; Weight: 15–25 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~110 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Leonardi & Borgomanero, 1985; Area: South America; Country: Brazil; Region: Northeast; Formation: Santana. Sharp teeth for fish; coastal predator.
Ctenochasma taqueti	"Comb jaw"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Pterodactylidae	Swan (wingspan ~1.5–2 m)	Eichstätt, Bavaria, Germany	Filter-feeder	Height: ~0.6 m; Length: 1.5–2 m wingspan; Weight: 2–4 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Taquet, 1972; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Solnhofen Limestone. Comb-like teeth for skimming; lagoon feeder.
Aerodraco sedgwickii	"Sky dragon"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Ornithocheiridae	Seagull (wingspan ~2–3 m)	Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK	Piscivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m wingspan; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~100 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Meyer, 1860; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Eastern; Formation: Cambridge Greensand. Slender wings for soaring; marine hunter.
Ornithocheirus simus	"Bird hand"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Ornithocheiridae	Pelican (wingspan ~4–5 m)	Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK	Piscivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m wingspan; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~100 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Owen, 1861; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Eastern; Formation: Cambridge Greensand. Crested snout; debated taxonomy due to fragments.
Pteranodon sternbergi	"Toothless wing"	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Ornithocheiridae	Hang glider (wingspan ~6–7 m)	Western Interior Seaway, Kansas, USA	Piscivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–7 m wingspan; Weight: 20–40 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~80 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Harksen, 1966; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Central; Formation: Niobrara Chalk. Sexual dimorphism in crests; dynamic ocean soarer.
Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni	After Aztec god Quetzalcoatl	Order: Pterosauria; Suborder: Pterodactyloidea; Family: Ornithocheiridae	Giraffe (wingspan ~10–15 m)	Big Bend, Texas, USA	Piscivorous	Height: ~5 m; Length: 10–15 m wingspan; Weight: 200–250 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Andres & Langston, 2021; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southern; Formation: Javelina. Largest known flyer; terrestrial stalker; 2020s mass estimates refined.

Theropod Dinosaur Species Chart

Species	Name Means	Classification	Size Comparison	Place	Diet	Details
Aristosuchus pusillus	"Noble crocodile"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Podokesauridae	Labrador (length ~2 m)	Isle of Wight, UK	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Seeley, 1887; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Wessex. Small predator; possibly juvenile.
Coelophysis bauri	"Hollow form"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Podokesauridae	Wolf (length ~3 m)	Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~3 m; Weight: 15–25 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Cope, 1889; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southwest; Formation: Chinle. Agile hunter; pack behavior suggested.
Halticosaurus longotarsus	"Jumping lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Podokesauridae	Coyote (length ~2–3 m)	Pfalz, Germany	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2–3 m; Weight: 10–20 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Dubious; Author: Huene, 1908; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Löwenstein. Poorly known; possibly Liliensternus.
Liliensternus liliensterni	After Hugo Rühle von Lilienstern	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Podokesauridae	Lion (length ~5 m)	Trossingen, Germany	Carnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~5 m; Weight: 100–200 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Huene, 1934; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Trossingen. Early large theropod; agile predator.
Procompsognathus triassicus	"Before elegant jaw"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Podokesauridae	Chicken (length ~1 m)	Württemberg, Germany	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.4 m; Length: ~1 m; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Fraas, 1913; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Löwenstein. Small, fast hunter; debated taxonomy.
Saltopus elginensis	"Hopping foot"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Podokesauridae	Cat (length ~1 m)	Elgin, Scotland, UK	Carnivorous/Insectivorous	Height: ~0.3 m; Length: ~1 m; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Dubious; Author: Huene, 1910; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Scotland; Formation: Lossiemouth Sandstone. Tiny; possibly non-dinosaurian.
Coelurus fragilis	"Hollow tail"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Coeluridae	Wolf (length ~2–3 m)	Morrison, Wyoming, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: ~2–3 m; Weight: 10–20 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1879; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Slender; poorly known coelurosaur.
Bistahieversor sealeyi	"Bistahi destroyer"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Pantyrannosauria	Rhino (length ~9 m)	Kirtland, New Mexico, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: ~9 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Carr & Williamson, 2010; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southwest; Formation: Kirtland. Early tyrannosaurid; robust skull.
Dilong paradoxus	"Emperor dragon"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Pantyrannosauria	Wolf (length ~1.6 m)	Yixian, Liaoning, China	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.6 m; Length: ~1.6 m; Weight: 10–20 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Xu et al., 2004; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Northeast; Formation: Yixian. Feathered; early tyrannosaur.
Dryptosaurus aquilunguis	"Tearing lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Pantyrannosauria	Horse (length ~7–8 m)	New Jersey, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~7–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Cope, 1866; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Eastern; Formation: New Egypt. Large hands; poorly known.
Eotyrannus lengi	"Dawn tyrant"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Pantyrannosauria	Lion (length ~4–5 m)	Isle of Wight, UK	Carnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~4–5 m; Weight: 100–200 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Hutt et al., 2001; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Wessex. Early tyrannosaur; slender build.
Moros intrepidus	"Impending doom"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Pantyrannosauria	Dog (length ~1.2 m)	Cedar Mountain, Utah, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: ~1.2 m; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Cenomanian (~95 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Zanno et al., 2019; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Cedar Mountain. Smallest tyrannosaur; agile.
Ornitholestes hermanni	"Bird robber"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Pantyrannosauria	Wolf (length ~2 m)	Morrison, Wyoming, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 10–20 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osborn, 1903; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Small predator; possible nasal crest.
Compsognathus longipes	"Elegant jaw"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Compsognathidae	Chicken (length ~1–1.4 m)	Solnhofen, Bavaria, Germany	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.4 m; Length: ~1–1.4 m; Weight: 0.5–3 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Wagner, 1859; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Solnhofen Limestone. Tiny; lizard-like prey.
Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis	"Chinese feather lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Compsognathidae	Cat (length ~1–1.5 m)	Yixian, Liaoning, China	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.4 m; Length: ~1–1.5 m; Weight: 0.5–2 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Ji & Ji, 1996; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Northeast; Formation: Yixian. First feathered dinosaur; protofeathers.
Archaeornithomimus asiaticus	"Ancient bird mimic"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Ornithomimidae	Ostrich (length ~3–4 m)	Iren Dabasu, Mongolia	Omnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~3–4 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gilmore, 1933; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Northern; Formation: Iren Dabasu. Bird-like; fast runner.
Dromiceiomimus samueli	"Swift mimic"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Ornithomimidae	Ostrich (length ~3.5 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Omnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~3.5 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Russell, 1972; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Long arms; fast runner.
Gallimimus bullatus	"Chicken mimic"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Ornithomimidae	Horse (length ~6 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Omnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6 m; Weight: 400–500 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osmólska et al., 1972; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Largest ornithomimid; bird-like beak.
Ornithomimus velox	"Bird mimic"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Ornithomimidae	Ostrich (length ~3–4 m)	Denver, Colorado, USA	Omnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~3–4 m; Weight: 100–150 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1890; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Denver. Feathered; high-speed runner.
Struthiomimus altus	"Ostrich mimic"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Ornithomimidae	Ostrich (length ~4 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Omnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~4 m; Weight: 100–150 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambe, 1902; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Long arms; fast omnivore.
Deinocheirus mirificus	"Terrible hand"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria; Family: Deinocheiridae	Elephant (length ~11 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Omnivorous	Height: ~3.5 m; Length: ~11 m; Weight: 6–7 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osmólska & Roniewicz, 1970; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Hump-backed; giant ornithomimosaur.
Avimimus nemegtensis	"Bird mimic"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Oviraptoridae	Turkey (length ~1.5 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Omnivorous	Height: ~0.6 m; Length: ~1.5 m; Weight: 10–20 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Kurzanov, 1981; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Feathered; bird-like traits.
Chirostenotes pergracilis	"Narrow-handed"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Oviraptoridae	Human (length ~2 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Omnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–50 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gilmore, 1924; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Slender hands; beak for varied diet.
Elmisaurus rarus	"Foot lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Oviraptoridae	Turkey (length ~2 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Omnivorous	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osmólska, 1981; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Rare; bird-like oviraptorid.
Oviraptor philoceratops	"Egg thief"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Oviraptoridae	Human (length ~2 m)	Djadokhta, Mongolia	Omnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–40 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osborn, 1924; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Djadokhta. Beaked; misnamed as egg thief.
Erlikosaurus andrewsi	"Erlik’s lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Therizinosauridae	Horse (length ~4–5 m)	Bayan Shireh, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~4–5 m; Weight: 200–400 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Cenomanian (~95 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Perle, 1980; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Bayan Shireh. Long claws; plant-eater.
Segnosaurus galbinensis	"Slow lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Therizinosauridae	Cow (length ~6–7 m)	Bayan Shireh, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Cenomanian (~95 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Perle, 1979; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Bayan Shireh. Sloth-like; herbivorous theropod.
Therizinosaurus cheloniformis	"Scythe lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Therizinosauridae	Elephant (length ~9–10 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~4 m; Length: ~9–10 m; Weight: 3–5 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Maleev, 1954; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Massive claws; plant-eater.
Saurornithoides mongoliensis	"Bird-like lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Saurornithoididae	Human (length ~2 m)	Djadokhta, Mongolia	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osborn, 1924; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Djadokhta. Bird-like; large brain.
Stenonychosaurus inequalis	"Narrow claw lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Saurornithoididae	Human (length ~2 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sternberg, 1932; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Synonymized with Troodon at times.
Troodon formosus	"Wounding tooth"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Saurornithoididae	Human (length ~2–3 m)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	Omnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2–3 m; Weight: 30–50 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Leidy, 1856; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Two Medicine. Large eyes; intelligent hunter.
Adasaurus mongoliensis	"Ada lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Dromaeosauridae	Human (length ~2 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Barsbold, 1983; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Small dromaeosaur; sickle claw.
Bambiraptor feinbergi	"Bambi thief"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Dromaeosauridae	Dog (length ~1 m)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: ~1 m; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Burnham et al., 2000; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Two Medicine. Juvenile; feathered raptor.
Dakotaraptor steini	"Dakota thief"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Dromaeosauridae	Horse (length ~5–6 m)	Hell Creek, South Dakota, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~5–6 m; Weight: 100–350 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: DePalma et al., 2015; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Large raptor; debated taxonomy.
Deinonychus antirrhopus	"Terrible claw"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Dromaeosauridae	Lion (length ~3–4 m)	Cloverly, Montana, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~3–4 m; Weight: 70–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Ostrom, 1969; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Cloverly. Feathered; agile pack hunter.
Dromaeosaurus albertensis	"Running lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Dromaeosauridae	Wolf (length ~2 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Matthew & Brown, 1922; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Robust skull; feathered.
Saurornitholestes sullivani	"Bird-like thief"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Dromaeosauridae	Human (length ~2 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sues, 1978; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Bird-like; large brain.
Velociraptor osmolskae	"Swift thief"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Dromaeosauridae	Turkey (length ~2 m)	Bayan Mandahu, Mongolia	Carnivorous	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 15–20 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Godefroit et al., 2008; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Northern; Formation: Bayan Mandahu. Feathered; smaller than V. mongoliensis.
Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi	"Ancient wing"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Coelurosauria, Maniraptoria; Family: Archaeopterygidae	Crow (length ~0.5 m)	Solnhofen, Bavaria, Germany	Carnivorous/Insectivorous	Height: ~0.2 m; Length: ~0.5 m; Weight: 0.5–1 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Kundrát et al., 2008; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Solnhofen Limestone. Feathered; transitional to birds.
Ceratosaurus nasicornis	"Horned lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Ceratosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Morrison, Colorado, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1884; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Nasal horn; flexible tail.
Dilophosaurus wetherilli	"Two-crested lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Ceratosauridae	Lion (length ~6–7 m)	Kayenta, Arizona, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 300–400 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Sinemurian (~190 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Welles, 1954; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southwest; Formation: Kayenta. Double crests; agile hunter.
Elaphrosaurus bambergi	"Light lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Ceratosauridae	Horse (length ~6 m)	Tendaguru, Tanzania	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6 m; Weight: 200–300 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Janensch, 1920; Area: Africa; Country: Tanzania; Region: Eastern; Formation: Tendaguru. Slender; possibly omnivorous.
Aucasaurus garridoi	"Auca lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Abelisauridae	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Neuquén, Argentina	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Coria et al., 2002; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Anacleto. Short arms; robust skull.
Carnotaurus sastrei	"Meat-eating bull"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Abelisauridae	Rhino (length ~7–8 m)	Chubut, Argentina	Carnivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: ~7–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bonaparte, 1985; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: La Colonia. Horned; fast runner; skin impressions.
Kryptops palaios	"Hidden face"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Abelisauridae	Horse (length ~6–7 m)	Gadoufaoua, Niger	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~110 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sereno & Brusatte, 2008; Area: Africa; Country: Niger; Region: Northern; Formation: Elrhaz. Poorly known; armored skin possible.
Majungasaurus crenatissimus	"Mahajanga lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Abelisauridae	Rhino (length ~7–8 m)	Mahajanga, Madagascar	Carnivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: ~7–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Depéret, 1896; Area: Africa; Country: Madagascar; Region: Western; Formation: Maevarano. Cannibalism evidence; short arms.
Xenotarsosaurus bonapartei	"Strange ankle lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Ceratosauria; Family: Abelisauridae	Horse (length ~6 m)	Neuquén, Argentina	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~80 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Martínez et al., 1986; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Bajo de la Carpa. Poorly known; robust legs.
Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis	"Well-curved vertebra"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Megalosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Oxford, UK	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Oxfordian (~160 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Walker, 1964; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Oxford Clay. Island-dwelling; robust predator.
Giganotosaurus carolinii	"Giant southern lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Megalosauridae	Bus (length ~12–14 m)	Neuquén, Argentina	Carnivorous	Height: ~4.5 m; Length: ~12–14 m; Weight: 6–8 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Cenomanian (~95 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Coria & Salgado, 1995; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Candeleros. Massive predator; rival to T. rex.
Poekilopleuron bucklandii	"Varied rib"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Megalosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Normandy, France	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Bathonian (~165 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Deslongchamps, 1838; Area: Europe; Country: France; Region: Northern; Formation: Calcaire de Caen. Poorly known; robust build.
Proceratosaurus bradleyi	"Before Ceratosaurus"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Megalosauridae	Wolf (length ~3 m)	Gloucestershire, UK	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~3 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Bathonian (~165 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Woodward, 1910; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Great Oolite. Early tyrannosauroid; nasal crest.
Allosaurus europaeus	"Different lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Allosauridae	Rhino (length ~7–12 m)	Lourinhã, Portugal/Morrison, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~3.5 m; Length: ~7–12 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Mateus et al., 2006; Area: Europe/North America; Country: Portugal/USA; Region: Western; Formation: Lourinhã/Morrison. European allosaur; pack hunter.
Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis	"Yangchuan lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Allosauridae	Rhino (length ~8–10 m)	Zigong, Sichuan, China	Carnivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: ~8–10 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Oxfordian (~160 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gao, 1992; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southwest; Formation: Shaximiao. Large predator; Asian allosaur.
Acrocanthosaurus atokensis	"High-spined lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Spinosauridae	Bus (length ~11–12 m)	Antlers, Oklahoma, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~3.5 m; Length: ~11–12 m; Weight: 5–6 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Stovall & Langston, 1950; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southern; Formation: Antlers. Neural spines; large predator.
Altispinax dunkeri	"High spine"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Spinosauridae	Rhino (length ~7–8 m)	Lower Saxony, Germany	Carnivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: ~7–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Dubious; Author: Huene, 1923; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Northern; Formation: Wealden. Neural spines; poorly known.
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus	"Spine lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Spinosauridae	Bus (length ~12–15 m)	Bahariya, Egypt	Piscivorous/Carnivorous	Height: ~4 m; Length: ~12–15 m; Weight: 6–7 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~100 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Stromer, 1915; Area: Africa; Country: Egypt; Region: Northern; Formation: Bahariya. Sail-backed; semi-aquatic; 2020s studies confirm aquatic traits.
Albertosaurus sarcophagus	"Alberta lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Bus (length ~9–10 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Carnivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: ~9–10 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osborn, 1905; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Lighter tyrannosaurid; pack hunter.
Alectrosaurus olseni	"Eagle lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Horse (length ~5 m)	Iren Dabasu, Mongolia	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~5 m; Weight: 500–1,000 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gilmore, 1933; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Northern; Formation: Iren Dabasu. Smaller tyrannosaurid; poorly known.
Alioramus altai	"Different branch"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Horse (length ~6 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brusatte et al., 2009; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Slender snout; juvenile traits.
Daspletosaurus horneri	"Frightful lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Bus (length ~9–10 m)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: ~9–10 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Carr et al., 2017; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Two Medicine. Robust tyrannosaurid; social behavior.
Nanuqsaurus hoglundi	"Polar bear lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Horse (length ~6–7 m)	Prince Creek, Alaska, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Fiorillo & Tykoski, 2014; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Arctic; Formation: Prince Creek. Arctic tyrannosaur; smaller size.
Qianzhousaurus sinensis	"Qianzhou lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–9 m)	Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China	Carnivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: ~6–9 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lü et al., 2014; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southern; Formation: Nanxiong. Long snout; nicknamed "Pinocchio rex."
Tarbosaurus bataar	"Alarming lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Bus (length ~10–12 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Carnivorous	Height: ~3.5 m; Length: ~10–12 m; Weight: 4–5 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Maleev, 1955; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Asian T. rex relative; apex predator.
Tyrannosaurus rex	"Tyrant lizard king"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Theropoda; Infraorder: Carnosauria; Family: Tyrannosauridae	Bus (length ~12–13 m)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	Carnivorous	Height: ~4.7 m; Length: ~12–13 m; Weight: 7–9 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osborn, 1905; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Apex predator; bone-crushing bite; 2020s studies refine mass.

Sauropodomorph Dinosaur Species Chart

Species	Name Means	Classification	Size Comparison	Place	Diet	Details
Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis	"Herrera’s lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Herrerasauridae	Wolf (length ~4–6 m)	Ischigualasto, San Juan, Argentina	Omnivorous/Carnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–6 m; Weight: 200–350 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Carnian (~230 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Reig, 1963; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Northwest; Formation: Ischigualasto. Basal saurischian; agile predator; debated herbivory.
Sanjuansaurus gordilloi	"San Juan lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Herrerasauridae	Wolf (length ~4–5 m)	Ischigualasto, San Juan, Argentina	Carnivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 150–300 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Carnian (~230 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Alcober & Martinez, 2010; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Northwest; Formation: Ischigualasto. Early theropod-like; slender build.
Smurfette smurfensis	Fictional (Smurf-inspired)	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Herrerasauridae (fictional)	Smurf-sized (~3 apples high)	Smurf Village (fictional)	Omnivorous (fictional)	Height: ~0.1 m; Length: ~0.3 m; Weight: ~0.5 kg; Period: N/A; Epoch: N/A; Stage: N/A; Status: Fictional; Author: Peyo (Smurfs, 2021 TV); Area: Fictional; Country: Belgium (origin); Region: N/A; Formation: N/A. Playful nod to The Smurfs (2021); no fossils; loves smurfberries.
Staurikosaurus pricei	"Southern Cross lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Herrerasauridae	Dog (length ~2–3 m)	Santa Maria, Brazil	Carnivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Carnian (~230 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Colbert, 1970; Area: South America; Country: Brazil; Region: Southern; Formation: Santa Maria. Small, agile; early dinosaur.
Anchisaurus polyzelus	"Near lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Anchisauridae	Horse (length ~2–3 m)	Connecticut Valley, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Pliensbachian (~190 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1885; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Eastern; Formation: Portland. Small prosauropod; bipedal/quadrupedal.
Coloradisaurus brevis	"Los Colorados lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Anchisauridae	Cow (length ~4 m)	Los Colorados, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: ~4 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bonaparte, 1978; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Northwest; Formation: Los Colorados. Small; early plant-eater.
Efraasia minor	After Eberhard Fraas	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Anchisauridae	Horse (length ~2–3 m)	Pfalz, Germany	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 20–50 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Galton, 1973; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Löwenstein. Small; bipedal/quadrupedal.
Eoraptor lunensis	"Dawn thief"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Anchisauridae	Dog (length ~1–2 m)	Ischigualasto, Argentina	Omnivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1–2 m; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Carnian (~230 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sereno et al., 1993; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Northwest; Formation: Ischigualasto. Basal saurischian; mixed diet.
Thecodontosaurus antiquus	"Socket-toothed lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Anchisauridae	Horse (length ~2–3 m)	Bristol, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Rhaetian (~205 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Morris, 1843; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Magnesian Conglomerate. Small; early plant-eater.
Massospondylus kaalae	"Longer vertebra"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Plateosauridae	Giraffe (length ~4–6 m)	Clarens, South Africa	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 4–6 m; Weight: 100–300 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Hettangian (~200 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Barrett et al., 2019; Area: Africa; Country: South Africa; Region: Southern; Formation: Elliot. Bipedal/quadrupedal; egg clutches found.
Mussaurus patagonicus	"Mouse lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Plateosauridae	Horse (length ~3–6 m)	Patagonia, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5–2 m; Length: 3–6 m; Weight: 50–1,000 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bonaparte & Vince, 1979; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Laguna Colorada. Juveniles tiny; adults larger.
Plateosaurus gracilis	"Broad lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Plateosauridae	Giraffe (length ~5–8 m)	Trossingen, Germany	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–8 m; Weight: 600–1,000 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Huene, 1908; Area: Europe; Country: Germany; Region: Southern; Formation: Trossingen. Bipedal/quadrupedal; herd behavior.
Lufengosaurus huenei	"Lufeng lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Melanorosauridae	Elephant (length ~6–8 m)	Lufeng, Yunnan, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: 6–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Hettangian (~200 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Young, 1941; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southwest; Formation: Lufeng. Robust; early sauropod-like.
Riojasaurus incertus	"Rioja lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Melanorosauridae	Elephant (length ~6–10 m)	Los Colorados, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 6–10 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Norian (~210 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bonaparte, 1967; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Northwest; Formation: Los Colorados. Quadrupedal; heavy build.
Yunnanosaurus youngi	"Yunnan lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Prosauropoda; Family: Melanorosauridae	Elephant (length ~7–8 m)	Lufeng, Yunnan, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: 7–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Hettangian (~200 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Young, 1942; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southwest; Formation: Lufeng. Long neck; sauropod-like traits.
Barapasaurus tagorei	"Big leg lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Cetiosauridae	Bus (length ~14–18 m)	Godavari Valley, India	Herbivorous	Height: ~5 m; Length: 14–18 m; Weight: 10–20 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Toarcian (~180 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Jain et al., 1975; Area: Asia; Country: India; Region: Central; Formation: Kota. Early sauropod; long legs.
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis	"Whale lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Cetiosauridae	Bus (length ~15–18 m)	Oxford, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~5 m; Length: 15–18 m; Weight: 10–20 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Bathonian (~165 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Phillips, 1871; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Forest Marble. Early sauropod; robust build.
Vulcanodon karibaensis	"Volcano tooth"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Cetiosauridae	Bus (length ~11–13 m)	Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe	Herbivorous	Height: ~4 m; Length: 11–13 m; Weight: 5–10 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Toarcian (~180 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Raath, 1972; Area: Africa; Country: Zimbabwe; Region: Northern; Formation: Vulcanodon Beds. Early sauropod; transitional form.
Brachiosaurus altithorax	"Arm lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Brachiosauridae	Giraffe (height ~12–15 m)	Morrison, Colorado, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 12–15 m; Length: 20–25 m; Weight: 30–50 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Riggs, 1903; Area: North America/Asia; Country: USA/India; Region: Western/Central; Formation: Morrison/Kota. Long arms; high browser.
Sauroposeidon proteles	"Lizard Poseidon"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Brachiosauridae	Blue whale (length ~27–34 m)	Antlers, Oklahoma, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 15–18 m; Length: 27–34 m; Weight: 40–60 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~110 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Wedel et al., 2000; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southern; Formation: Antlers. Tallest sauropod; long neck.
Camarasaurus supremus	"Chambered lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Camarasauridae	Bus (length ~15–23 m)	Morrison, Wyoming, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 7–9 m; Length: 15–23 m; Weight: 20–30 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Cope, 1877; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Robust skull; common sauropod.
Euhelopus zdanskyi	"Good marsh foot"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Camarasauridae	Bus (length ~10–15 m)	Shandong, China	Herbivorous	Height: 5–6 m; Length: 10–15 m; Weight: 10–15 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Wiman, 1929; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Eastern; Formation: Mengyin. Long neck; early Cretaceous survivor.
Haplocanthosaurus delfsi	"Simple spine lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Camarasauridae	Bus (length ~14–16 m)	Morrison, Colorado, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 5–6 m; Length: 14–16 m; Weight: 10–15 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Hatcher, 1903; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Simple neural spines; robust.
Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii	"Posterior cavity tail"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Camarasauridae	Bus (length ~11–12 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: 5–6 m; Length: 11–12 m; Weight: 8–10 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Borsuk-Białynicka, 1977; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Short tail; well-preserved skeleton.
Antarctosaurus giganteus	"Southern lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Diplodocidae	Blue whale (length ~30–35 m)	Neuquén, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: 10–12 m; Length: 30–35 m; Weight: 40–60 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Huene, 1929; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Anacleto. Massive; debated taxonomy.
Apatosaurus ajax	"Deceptive lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Diplodocidae	Bus (length ~21–25 m)	Morrison, Wyoming, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 5–6 m; Length: 21–25 m; Weight: 20–30 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1877; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Whip-like tail; long neck.
Dicraeosaurus sattleri	"Forked lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Diplodocidae	Bus (length ~12–14 m)	Tendaguru, Tanzania	Herbivorous	Height: 4–5 m; Length: 12–14 m; Weight: 5–10 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Janensch, 1914; Area: Africa; Country: Tanzania; Region: Eastern; Formation: Tendaguru. Short neck; forked spines.
Diplodocus hallorum	"Double beam"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Diplodocidae	Blue whale (length ~25–30 m)	Morrison, New Mexico, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 6–7 m; Length: 25–30 m; Weight: 15–25 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gillette, 1991; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Whip-like tail; low browser.
Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum	"Mamenchi lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Diplodocidae	Blue whale (length ~25–35 m)	Sichuan, China	Herbivorous	Height: 8–16 m; Length: 25–35 m; Weight: 20–40 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Oxfordian (~160 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Russell & Zheng, 1993; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southwest; Formation: Shaximiao. Extremely long neck; high browser.
Supersaurus vivianae	"Super lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Diplodocidae	Blue whale (length ~30–35 m)	Morrison, Colorado, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 10–12 m; Length: 30–35 m; Weight: 30–40 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Tithonian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Jensen, 1985; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Long tail; massive size.
Alamosaurus sanjuanensis	"Alamo lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Titanosauridae	Blue whale (length ~30–35 m)	San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA	Herbivorous	Height: 10–12 m; Length: 30–35 m; Weight: 30–50 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gilmore, 1922; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southwest; Formation: Ojo Alamo. Late-surviving titan; robust.
Dreadnoughtus schrani	"Fears nothing"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Titanosauridae	Blue whale (length ~26–30 m)	Santa Cruz, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: 9–18 m; Length: 26–30 m; Weight: 30–40 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lacovara et al., 2014; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Cerro Fortaleza. Well-preserved; massive titan.
Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis	"Nemegt lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Titanosauridae	Bus (length ~12–15 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: 5–6 m; Length: 12–15 m; Weight: 10–15 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Nowinski, 1971; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Slender skull; smaller titan.
Patagotitan mayorum	"Patagonian titan"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Titanosauridae	Blue whale (length ~35–37 m)	Chubut, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: 12–15 m; Length: 35–37 m; Weight: 50–70 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~100 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Carballido et al., 2017; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Cerro Barcino. Largest known dinosaur; 2020s mass estimates refined.
Saltasaurus loricatus	"Salta lizard"	Order: Saurischia; Suborder: Sauropodomorpha; Infraorder: Sauropoda; Family: Titanosauridae	Bus (length ~12–15 m)	Salta, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: 5–6 m; Length: 12–15 m; Weight: 6–8 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bonaparte & Powell, 1980; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Northwest; Formation: Lecho. Armored titan; osteoderms.

Cerapoda Dinosaur Species Chart

Species	Name Means	Classification	Size Comparison	Place	Diet	Details
Lesothosaurus diagnosticus	"Lesotho lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Fabrosauridae	Goat (length ~1–2 m)	Makhutswi, Lesotho	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1–2 m; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Hettangian (~200 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Galton, 1978; Area: Africa; Country: Lesotho; Region: Southern; Formation: Elliot. Basal ornithopod; bipedal browser.
Scutellosaurus lawleri	"Little shield lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Fabrosauridae	Dog (length ~1–1.5 m)	Kayenta, Arizona, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.4 m; Length: 1–1.5 m; Weight: 3–10 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Sinemurian (~190 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Colbert, 1981; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southwest; Formation: Kayenta. Armored ornithopod; small osteoderms.
Echinodon becklesii	"Spiny tooth"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Heterodontosauridae	Cat (length ~0.6–1 m)	Purbeck, Dorset, UK	Herbivorous/Omnivorous	Height: ~0.3 m; Length: 0.6–1 m; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Berriasian (~140 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Owen, 1861; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Purbeck. Small; mixed teeth for varied diet.
Geranosaurus atavus	"Crane lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Heterodontosauridae	Cat (length ~0.8 m)	Clarens, South Africa	Herbivorous/Omnivorous	Height: ~0.3 m; Length: ~0.8 m; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Hettangian (~200 Ma); Status: Dubious; Author: Broom, 1911; Area: Africa; Country: South Africa; Region: Southern; Formation: Elliot. Poorly known; possibly Heterodontosaurus.
Heterodontosaurus tucki	"Different-toothed lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Heterodontosauridae	Dog (length ~1–1.5 m)	Clarens, South Africa	Herbivorous/Omnivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1–1.5 m; Weight: 2–5 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Hettangian (~200 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Crompton & Charig, 1962; Area: Africa; Country: South Africa; Region: Southern; Formation: Elliot. Canine-like teeth; bipedal.
Manidens condorensis	"Hand tooth"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Heterodontosauridae	Cat (length ~0.8–1 m)	Chubut, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.3 m; Length: 0.8–1 m; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Aalenian (~170 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Pol et al., 2011; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Patagonia; Formation: Cañadón Asfalto. Small; specialized teeth.
Pisanosaurus mertii	"Pisano’s lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Heterodontosauridae	Cat (length ~1 m)	Ischigualasto, Argentina	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.3 m; Length: ~1 m; Weight: 1–2 kg; Period: Triassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Carnian (~230 Ma); Status: Dubious; Author: Casamiquela, 1967; Area: South America; Country: Argentina; Region: Northwest; Formation: Ischigualasto. Basal ornithischian; debated taxonomy.
Callovosaurus leedsi	"Callovian lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Horse (length ~3–4 m)	Oxford, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Callovian (~165 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Galton, 1980; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Oxford Clay. Early iguanodontian; bipedal.
Dryosaurus elderae	"Oak lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Deer (length ~3–4 m)	Morrison, Utah, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Galton, 1983; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Fast runner; forest browser.
Hypsilophodon foxii	"High-ridge tooth"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Deer (length ~2 m)	Isle of Wight, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Huxley, 1869; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Wessex. Agile; small browser.
Nanosaurus agilis	"Dwarf lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Dog (length ~1–2 m)	Morrison, Colorado, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1–2 m; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1877; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Tiny; fast-moving.
Parksosaurus warreni	"Parks’ lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Deer (length ~2–3 m)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 20–40 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sternberg, 1937; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Horseshoe Canyon. Late-surviving hypsilophodontid.
Thescelosaurus garbanii	"Marvelous lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Horse (length ~3–4 m)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 100–200 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Morris, 1976; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Robust; possible preserved heart.
Valdosaurus canaliculatus	"Weald lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Deer (length ~3–4 m)	Isle of Wight, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Galton, 1977; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Wessex. Slender; fast runner.
Zephyrosaurus schaffi	"West wind lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hypsilophodontidae	Dog (length ~1.8–2 m)	Cloverly, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: 1.8–2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sues, 1980; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Cloverly. Small; agile browser.
Camptosaurus dispar	"Flexible lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Iguanodontidae	Horse (length ~6–7 m)	Morrison, Wyoming, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–7 m; Weight: 500–1,000 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1879; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Bipedal/quadrupedal; robust beak.
Iguanodon bernissartensis	"Iguana tooth"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Iguanodontidae	Rhino (length ~9–11.8 m)	Bernissart, Belgium	Herbivorous	Height: ~4.2 m; Length: 9–11.8 m; Weight: 3–5 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Boulenger, 1881; Area: Europe; Country: Belgium; Region: Western; Formation: Sainte-Barbe Clays. Thumb spikes; herd behavior.
Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis	"Mantell’s lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Iguanodontidae	Horse (length ~7–8 m)	Isle of Wight, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: 7–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Hooley, 1925; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Wessex. Lighter iguanodontid; bipedal/quadrupedal.
Muttaburrasaurus langdoni	"Muttaburra lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Iguanodontidae	Rhino (length ~8–9 m)	Muttaburra, Queensland, Australia	Herbivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: 8–9 m; Weight: 1–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~110 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bartholomai & Molnar, 1981; Area: Australia; Country: Australia; Region: Queensland; Formation: Mackunda. Nasal crest; robust browser.
Ouranosaurus nigeriensis	"Brave lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Iguanodontidae	Rhino (length ~7–8 m)	Gadoufaoua, Niger	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 7–8 m; Weight: 2–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Taquet, 1976; Area: Africa; Country: Niger; Region: Northern; Formation: Elrhaz. Sail-backed; desert browser.
Probactrosaurus gobiensis	"Before Bactrosaurus"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Iguanodontidae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Dashuiguo, Inner Mongolia, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Rozhdestvensky, 1966; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Northern; Formation: Dashuiguo. Early hadrosaur-like; bipedal/quadrupedal.
Tenontosaurus dossi	"Sinew lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Iguanodontidae	Horse (length ~6–7 m)	Twin Mountains, Texas, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Winkler et al., 1997; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southern; Formation: Twin Mountains. Long tail; prey for Deinonychus.
Bactrosaurus johnsoni	"Club lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Iren Dabasu, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gilmore, 1933; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Northern; Formation: Iren Dabasu. Early hadrosaur; flat-headed.
Brachylophosaurus canadensis	"Short-crested lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Rhino (length ~9–11 m)	Judith River, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–11 m; Weight: 3–5 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sternberg, 1953; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Judith River. Small crest; well-preserved specimens.
Edmontosaurus regalis	"Edmonton lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Bus (length ~9–13 m)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–13 m; Weight: 4–6 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambe, 1917; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Horseshoe Canyon. Flat-headed; herd animal.
Hadrosaurus foulkii	"Bulky lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Rhino (length ~7–8 m)	Haddonfield, New Jersey, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: 7–8 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Leidy, 1858; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Eastern; Formation: Woodbury. First named hadrosaur; fragmentary.
Kritosaurus navajovius	"Separated lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Rhino (length ~9–10 m)	Kirtland, New Mexico, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–10 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown, 1910; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southwest; Formation: Kirtland. Nasal hump; herd browser.
Maiasaura peeblesorum	"Good mother lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Rhino (length ~9 m)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: ~9 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Horner & Makela, 1979; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Two Medicine. Nesting sites; parental care evidence.
Prosaurolophus maximus	"Before Saurolophus"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Rhino (length ~8–9 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 8–9 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown, 1916; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Small crest; social herbivore.
Saurolophus osborni	"Crested lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Bus (length ~9–12 m)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–12 m; Weight: 3–5 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown, 1912; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Horseshoe Canyon. Backward crest; herd animal.
Shantungosaurus giganteus	"Shandong lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Saurolophinae)	Bus (length ~14–16 m)	Shandong, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~6 m; Length: 14–16 m; Weight: 10–16 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Hu, 1973; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Eastern; Formation: Wangshi. Largest hadrosaur; robust build.
Corythosaurus casuarius	"Helmet lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Rhino (length ~9–10 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–10 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown, 1914; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Helmet-shaped crest; vocalization.
Hypacrosaurus stebingeri	"Near highest lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Rhino (length ~9–10 m)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–10 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Horner & Currie, 1994; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Two Medicine. High crest; nesting sites.
Lambeosaurus magnicristatus	"Lambe’s lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Rhino (length ~9–10 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–10 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sternberg, 1935; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Large crest; vocal herbivore.
Olorotitan arharensis	"Swan titan"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Rhino (length ~8–10 m)	Amur, Russia	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 8–10 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Godefroit et al., 2003; Area: Asia; Country: Russia; Region: Far East; Formation: Tsagayan. Fan-shaped crest; well-preserved.
Parasaurolophus walkeri	"Near crested lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Rhino (length ~9–10.5 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 9–10.5 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Parks, 1922; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Long crest; vocalization.
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus	"Qingdao lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ornithopoda; Family: Hadrosauridae (Lambeosaurinae)	Rhino (length ~8–10 m)	Shandong, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 8–10 m; Weight: 3–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Young, 1958; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Eastern; Formation: Wangshi. Unicorn-like crest; debated shape.
Alaskacephale gangloffi	"Alaska head"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Pachycephalosauridae	Sheep (length ~2 m)	Prince Creek, Alaska, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~2 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sullivan, 2006; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Arctic; Formation: Prince Creek. Thick skull; head-butting possible.
Gravitholus albertae	"Heavy dome"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Pachycephalosauridae	Sheep (length ~2–3 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Wall & Galton, 1979; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Thick skull; poorly known.
Homalocephale calathocercos	"Level head"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Pachycephalosauridae	Sheep (length ~1.5–2 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.8 m; Length: 1.5–2 m; Weight: 20–50 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Maryańska & Osmólska, 1974; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Flat skull; juvenile traits.
Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis	"Thick-headed lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Pachycephalosauridae	Rhino (length ~4–5 m)	Hell Creek, Wyoming, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 300–450 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown & Schlaikjer, 1943; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Thick dome; head-butting debated.
Prenocephale prenes	"Sloping head"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Pachycephalosauridae	Sheep (length ~2–3 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Maryańska & Osmólska, 1974; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Rounded dome; Asian pachycephalosaur.
Sphaerotholus buchholtzae	"Sphere dome"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Pachycephalosauridae	Sheep (length ~2–3 m)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Williamson & Carr, 2002; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Small dome; agile.
Stegoceras validum	"Roof horn"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Pachycephalosauridae	Sheep (length ~2–3 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 40–70 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambe, 1902; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Thick skull; head-butting possible.
Psittacosaurus meileyingensis	"Parrot lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Psittacosauridae	Dog (length ~1–2 m)	Yixian, Liaoning, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1–2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sereno et al., 1988; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Northeast; Formation: Yixian. Beaked; feathered bristles.
Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi	"Small-horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Protoceratopidae	Sheep (length ~1–2 m)	Bayan Mandahu, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.5 m; Length: 1–2 m; Weight: 20–30 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Maryańska & Osmólska, 1975; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Northern; Formation: Bayan Mandahu. Small frill; juvenile traits.
Leptoceratops gracilis	"Slender-horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Protoceratopidae	Horse (length ~2–3 m)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 50–100 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown, 1914; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Two Medicine. No horns; robust jaws.
Microceratus gobiensis	"Tiny-horned"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Protoceratopidae	Sheep (length ~1 m)	Gobi Desert, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~0.4 m; Length: ~1 m; Weight: 5–10 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Mateus, 2008; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Minhe. Tiny; small frill.
Montanoceratops cerorhynchus	"Montana horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Protoceratopidae	Horse (length ~3–4 m)	St. Mary River, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 100–200 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Chinnery & Weishampel, 1994; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: St. Mary River. Small frill; robust build.
Protoceratops hellenikorhinus	"First horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Protoceratopidae	Sheep (length ~2–3 m)	Djadokhta, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 100–180 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambert et al., 2001; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Djadokhta. Frilled; nesting evidence.
Anchiceratops ornatus	"Near-horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown, 1914; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Horseshoe Canyon. Long frill; robust horns.
Arrhinoceratops brachyops	"No-nose-horn face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Rhino (length ~6 m)	Horseshoe Canyon, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: ~6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Parks, 1925; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Horseshoe Canyon. Short snout; long frill.
Chasmosaurus belli	"Opening lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambe, 1914; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Large frill; display structure.
Pentaceratops sternbergii	"Five-horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Kirtland, New Mexico, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~5.2 m; Length: 6–7 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Osborn, 1923; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Southwest; Formation: Kirtland. Large frill; prominent horns.
Torosaurus latus	"Perforated lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Rhino (length ~7–8 m)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~2.5 m; Length: 7–8 m; Weight: 4–6 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1891; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Huge frill; debated synonymy with Triceratops.
Triceratops horridus	"Three-horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (long-frilled)	Rhino herd (length ~8–9 m)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~3 m; Length: 8–9 m; Weight: 6–10 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1889; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Iconic horns; 2020s mass estimates refined.
Avaceratops lammersi	"Ava’s horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Rhino (length ~4–5 m)	Judith River, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Dodson, 1986; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Judith River. Small frill; juvenile traits.
Brachyceratops montanensis	"Short-horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Horse (length ~3–4 m)	Two Medicine, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 500–1,000 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gilmore, 1914; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Two Medicine. Juvenile; small frill.
Centrosaurus apertus	"Pointed lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambe, 1904; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Nasal horn; herd animal.
Diabloceratops eatoni	"Devil-horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Wahweap, Utah, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~80 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Kirkland et al., 2010; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Wahweap. Prominent horns; short frill.
Nasutoceratops titusi	"Big-nose horned face"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Kaiparowits, Utah, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Sampson et al., 2013; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Kaiparowits. Long horns; short frill.
Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai	"Thick-nosed lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Rhino (length ~6–8 m)	Wapiti, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–8 m; Weight: 2–4 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Currie et al., 2008; Area: North America; Country: Canada/USA; Region: Western; Formation: Wapiti/Laramine. Nasal boss; robust herbivore.
Styracosaurus ovatus	"Spiked lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Cerapoda; Infraorder: Ceratopia; Family: Ceratopidae (short-frilled)	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Gilmore, 1930; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Spiked frill; display structure.

Thyreophora Dinosaur Species Chart

Species	Name Means	Classification	Size Comparison	Place	Diet	Details
Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis	"Chongqing lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Huayangosauridae	Rhino (length ~4–5 m)	Chongqing, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 500–1,000 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Callovian (~165 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Dong et al., 1983; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southwest; Formation: Shaximiao. Small plates; early stegosaur.
Craterosaurus pottonensis	"Cup lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Huayangosauridae	Horse (length ~3–4 m)	Bedfordshire, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 200–500 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Dubious; Author: Seeley, 1874; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Woburn Sands. Poorly known; fragmentary.
Huayangosaurus taibaii	"Huayang lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Huayangosauridae	Rhino (length ~4–5 m)	Sichuan, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 500–1,000 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Callovian (~165 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Dong et al., 1982; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southwest; Formation: Shaximiao. Basal stegosaur; small plates.
Lexovisaurus durobrivensis	"Lexovi lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Huayangosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Cambridgeshire, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Middle, Stage: Callovian (~165 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Hoffstetter, 1957; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Oxford Clay. Plates and spikes; debated taxonomy.
Paranthodon africanus	"Near Anthodon"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Huayangosauridae	Horse (length ~4–5 m)	Kirkwood, South Africa	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 500–1,000 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Berriasian (~140 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Broom, 1912; Area: Africa; Country: South Africa; Region: Southern; Formation: Kirkwood. Fragmentary; stegosaur traits.
Tuojiangosaurus multispinus	"Tuo River lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Huayangosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Sichuan, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Oxfordian (~160 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Dong et al., 1977; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Southwest; Formation: Shaximiao. Multiple plates; robust build.
Dacentrurus armatus	"Pointed tail"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Stegosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–8 m)	Wiltshire, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–8 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Owen, 1875; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Kimmeridge Clay. Large plates; spiked tail.
Kentrosaurus aethiopicus	"Spiked lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Stegosauridae	Rhino (length ~4–5 m)	Tendaguru, Tanzania	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 700–1,000 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Hennig, 1915; Area: Africa; Country: Tanzania; Region: Eastern; Formation: Tendaguru. Paired spikes; small plates.
Stegosaurus stenops	"Narrow-faced roof lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Stegosauridae	Bus (length ~7–10 m)	Morrison, Colorado, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~4.5 m; Length: 7–10 m; Weight: 3–5 tons; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1877; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Morrison. Large plates; thagomizer spikes.
Wuerhosaurus ordosensis	"Wuerho lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Stegosauria; Family: Stegosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–7 m)	Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China	Herbivorous	Height: ~2 m; Length: 6–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Dong, 1973; Area: Asia; Country: China; Region: Northern; Formation: Ejinhoro. Flat plates; late stegosaur.
Scelidosaurus harrisonii	"Limb lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Scelidosauridae	Horse (length ~4 m)	Charmouth, Dorset, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~4 m; Weight: 200–300 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Early, Stage: Sinemurian (~190 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Owen, 1861; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Charmouth Mudstone. Early armored dinosaur; scutes.
Dracopelta zbyszewskii	"Dragon shield"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Horse (length ~3–4 m)	Lourinhã, Portugal	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 3–4 m; Weight: 200–500 kg; Period: Jurassic, Epoch: Late, Stage: Kimmeridgian (~150 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Galton, 1980; Area: Europe; Country: Portugal; Region: Western; Formation: Lourinhã. Fragmentary; armored plates.
Hylaeosaurus armatus	"Forest lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	West Sussex, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Valanginian (~135 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Mantell, 1833; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Wealden. Early nodosaur; armored scutes.
Minmi paravertebra	After Minmi Crossing	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Horse (length ~2–3 m)	Queensland, Australia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 200–300 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Molnar, 1980; Area: Australia; Country: Australia; Region: Queensland; Formation: Bungil. Small nodosaur; armored belly.
Nodosaurus textilis	"Knobbed lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Lance, Wyoming, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Marsh, 1889; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Lance. Heavy armor; low browser.
Panoplosaurus mirus	"Completely armored lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–7 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–7 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambe, 1919; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Thick armor; no tail club.
Polacanthus foxii	"Many spines"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Rhino (length ~4–5 m)	Isle of Wight, UK	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 4–5 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Barremian (~125 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Hulke, 1881; Area: Europe; Country: UK; Region: Southern; Formation: Wessex. Spiked armor; sacral shield.
Sauropelta edwardsorum	"Lizard shield"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Cloverly, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Aptian (~115 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Ostrom, 1970; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Cloverly. Heavy armor; neck spines.
Silvisaurus condrayi	"Forest lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Horse (length ~4 m)	Smoky Hill, Kansas, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: ~4 m; Weight: 500–1,000 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Cenomanian (~95 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Eaton, 1960; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Central; Formation: Dakota. Small nodosaur; armored plates.
Struthiosaurus transylvanicus	"Ostrich lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Nodosauridae	Horse (length ~2–3 m)	Transylvania, Romania	Herbivorous	Height: ~1 m; Length: 2–3 m; Weight: 300–500 kg; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Nopcsa, 1915; Area: Europe; Country: Romania; Region: Eastern; Formation: Sânpetru. Small; heavily armored.
Ankylosaurus magniventris	"Fused lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Ankylosauridae	Rhino (length ~6–9.5 m)	Hell Creek, Montana, USA	Herbivorous	Height: ~3.7 m; Length: 6–9.5 m; Weight: 4–8 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~66 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Brown, 1908; Area: North America; Country: USA; Region: Western; Formation: Hell Creek. Tail club; 2020s mass estimates refined.
Euoplocephalus tutus	"Well-armored head"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Ankylosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Dinosaur Park, Alberta, Canada	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Lambe, 1910; Area: North America; Country: Canada; Region: Western; Formation: Dinosaur Park. Tail club; armored eyelids.
Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus	"Plank lizard"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Ankylosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Bayan Mandahu, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Campanian (~75 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Godefroit et al., 1999; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Northern; Formation: Bayan Mandahu. Tail club; juvenile specimens.
Saichania chulsanensis	"Beautiful one"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Ankylosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–7 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–7 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Maryańska, 1977; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Heavy armor; desert-adapted.
Sauroplites scutiger	"Lizard shield-bearer"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Ankylosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Gobi Desert, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Early, Stage: Albian (~110 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Bohlin, 1953; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Alagteeg. Fragmentary; armored plates.
Talarurus plicatospineus	"Basket tail"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Ankylosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 1–2 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Maleev, 1952; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Tail club; bony plates.
Tarchia teresae	"Brainy one"	Order: Ornithischia; Suborder: Thyreophora; Infraorder: Ankylosauria; Family: Ankylosauridae	Rhino (length ~5–6 m)	Nemegt, Mongolia	Herbivorous	Height: ~1.5 m; Length: 5–6 m; Weight: 2–3 tons; Period: Cretaceous, Epoch: Late, Stage: Maastrichtian (~70 Ma); Status: Valid; Author: Arbour et al., 2014; Area: Asia; Country: Mongolia; Region: Southern; Formation: Nemegt. Large skull; tail club.

order pterosauria (pterosaurs)

└─ Suborder RHAMPHORHYNCHOIDEA †

     ├─ Dimorphodontidae   Dimorphodon macronyx

     ├─ Eudimorphodontidae Eudimorphodon ranzii

     └─ Rhamphorhynchidae

          ├─ Anurognathus ammoni

          ├─ Rhamphorhynchus etches

          ├─ Scaphognathus crassirostris

          └─ Sordes pilosus

└─ Suborder PTERODACTYLOIDEA †

     ├─ Dsungaripteridae   Dsungaripterus weii

     ├─ Pterodaustriidae   Pterodaustro guinazui

     ├─ Pterodactylidae

     │    ├─ Arthurdactylus conandoylei

     │    └─ Cearadactylus atrox

     └─ Ornithocheiridae

          ├─ Pteranodon sternbergi

          └─ Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni

Taxon	Size Comparison	Diet	Time	Place	Description
Dimorphodon macronyx	Human height to shoulders; wingspan ~1.4 m (like a large hawk)	Fish, insects, small reptiles	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)	England (Dorset)	Robust skull with two types of teeth (front fangs, rear blades); long tail with rudder; powerful flier but clumsy on ground.
Eudimorphodon ranzii	Cat-sized; wingspan ~1 m	Fish (piscivorous)	Late Triassic (Norian)	Italy (Lombardy)	One of the oldest pterosaurs; 110 teeth in long jaws; multicusped molars for crushing; diamond-shaped tail vane.
Anurognathus ammoni	Sparrow-sized; wingspan ~0.5 m	Insects (nocturnal hunter)	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Germany (Solnhofen)	Frog-faced with short, wide jaws; huge eyes; soft, fuzzy body covering; silent flight like an owl.
Rhamphorhynchus etchesi	Seagull-sized; wingspan ~1.8 m	Fish, squid	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	England (Dorset)	Long, stiff tail with diamond tip; needle-like forward-angled teeth; excellent preservation shows wing membranes and tail vane.
Scaphognathus crassirostris	Pigeon-sized; wingspan ~0.9 m	Insects, small fish	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Germany (Solnhofen)	Blunt snout; vertical teeth; large antorbital opening; agile flier in lagoon environments.
Sordes pilosus	Rat-sized; wingspan ~0.6 m	Insects, small vertebrates	Middle-Late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)	Kazakhstan (Karatau)	"Hairy" — first evidence of pycnofibers (insulating fur-like covering); slender skull; warm-blooded implications.
Dsungaripterus weii	Human height; wingspan ~3–5 m	Shellfish, crustaceans	Early Cretaceous (Valanginian–Hauterivian)	China (Xinjiang)	Upturned jaw with knobby crushing teeth; low crest; specialized for durophagy (shell-cracking).
Pterodaustro guinazui	Flamingo-sized; wingspan ~2.5 m	Plankton, small crustaceans (filter-feeder)	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Argentina (San Luis)	1,000+ bristle-like lower teeth; flamingo-like feeding; stomach stones; possible pink coloration from diet.
Arthurdactylus conandoylei	Large glider; wingspan ~4.6 m	Fish (piscivorous)	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Brazil (Ceará)	Named after Arthur Conan Doyle; elongated wing finger; part of Crato Formation lagerstätte.
Cearadactylus atrox	Wingspan ~5.5 m	Fish	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Brazil (Ceará)	Large skull with interlocking teeth; kinked jaw; possible crest; aerial dip-feeder.
Pteranodon sternbergi	Wingspan ~6–7 m (male larger)	Fish (skim-feeder?)	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian–Campanian)	USA (Kansas)	Toothless beak; huge upright crest in males; lightweight bones; pelagic lifestyle over inland sea.
Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni	Gigantic species; wingspan ~5–24 m	Small vertebrates, carrion	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Texas)	Long stiff neck; stork-like terrestrial stalker; gregarious; probed mudflats for prey.

order saurischia (“lizard-hipped’' dinosaurs)

└─ Suborder THEROPODA

     ├─ Coelurosauria

     │    ├─ Coelophysidae      Coelophysis, Procompsognathus, Saltopus

     │    ├─ Coeluridae         Coelurus

     │    ├─ Compsognathidae    Compsognathus

     │    ├─ Proceratosauridae  Proceratosaurus

     │    ├─ Nanotyrannidae     Moros, Nanotyrannus

     │    ├─ Ornithomimidae     Dromiceiomimus, Gallimimus, Ornithomimus, Struthiomimus

     │    ├─ Deinocheiridae     Deinocheirus

     │    ├─ Oviraptoridae      Oviraptor

     │    ├─ Saurornithoididae  Saurornithoides, Stenonychosaurus, Troodon

     │    └─ Therizinosauridae  Therizinosaurus

     ├─ Deinonychosauria

     │    ├─ Dromaeosauridae    Bambiraptor, Dakotaraptor, Deinonychus,

     │    │                     Dromaeosaurus, Saurornitholestes, Velociraptor

     │    └─ Archaeopterygidae  Archaeopteryx

     ├─ Ceratosauria

     │    ├─ Dilophosauridae    Dilophosaurus, Elaphrosaurus

     │    ├─ Ceratosauridae     Ceratosaurus

     │    └─ Abelisauridae      Majungasaurus

     └─ Carnosauria

          ├─ Megalosauridae     Eustreptospondylus, Giganotosaurus, Poekilopleuron

          ├─ Allosauridae       Allosaurus, Yangchuanosaurus

          ├─ Spinosauridae      Acrocanthosaurus, Spinosaurus

          └─ Tyrannosauridae    Albertosaurus, Alioramus, Daspletosaurus,

                                Tarbosaurus, Tyrannosaurus rex

└─ Suborder SAUROPODOMORPHA

     ├─ Prosauropoda

     │    ├─ Herrerasauridae    Herrerasaurus, Sanjuansaurus,

     │    │                     Smurfette smurfensis, Staurikosaurus

     │    ├─ Anchisauridae      Anchisaurus, Efraasia, Thecodontosaurus

     │    ├─ Plateosauridae     Massospondylus, Mussaurus, Plateosaurus

     │    └─ Melanorosauridae   Riojasaurus

     └─ Sauropoda

          ├─ Cetiosauridae      Barapasaurus, Cetiosaurus

          ├─ Brachiosauridae    Brachiosaurus, Sauroposeidon

          ├─ Camarasauridae     Camarasaurus, Euhelopus, Opisthocoelicaudia

          ├─ Diplodocidae       Apatosaurus, Dicraeosaurus, Diplodocus,

          │                     Mamenchisaurus, Supersaurus

          └─ Titanosauridae     Alamosaurus, Dreadnoughtus, Saltasaurus

Taxon	Size Comparison	Diet	Time	Place	Description
Coelophysis bauri	Tall human; 3 m long (like a motorcycle)	Small reptiles, insects	Late Triassic (Norian–Rhaetian)	USA (New Mexico)	Slender, pack-hunting predator; hollow bones; over 1,000 skeletons at Ghost Ranch.
Procompsognathus triassicus	House cat; 1 m long	Insects, lizards	Late Triassic (Norian)	Germany (Württemberg)	Delicate build; long hands; Jurassic Park "compy" inspiration (though fictionalized).
Saltopus elginensis	Large rat; 60 cm long	Insects	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Scotland (Elgin)	Possible dinosauriform; long hind legs; debated classification.
Coelurus fragilis	Tall child; 2.4 m long	Small animals	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	USA (Wyoming)	Gracile; long legs; one of earliest named theropods.
Compsognathus longipes	Chicken-sized; 90 cm long	Lizards, insects	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Germany (Bavaria)	Exquisite Solnhofen specimen with lizard in stomach; "first bird-like dinosaur."
Proceratosaurus bradleyi	Human height; 3 m long	Small dinosaurs	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)	England (Gloucestershire)	Nasal crest; oldest known tyrannosauroid.
Moros intrepidus	Large dog; 2 m long	Small prey	Early Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	USA (Utah)	Earliest North American tyrannosauroid; cursorial hunter.
Nanotyrannus lethaeus	Teen T. rex; 5.5 m long	Medium dinosaurs	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Montana)	Debated juvenile T. rex; more teeth, slimmer build.
Dromiceiomimus samueli	Ostrich; 4 m long	Plants, insects, small animals	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Fast runner (~60 km/h); toothless beak.
Gallimimus bullatus	Large ostrich; 6 m long	Omnivorous	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	Largest ornithomimid; Jurassic Park "flock" scene.
Ornithomimus velox	Ostrich; 4.5 m long	Omnivorous	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Colorado)	Filament-like structures preserved; long arms.
Struthiomimus altus	Ostrich; 4.3 m long	Plants, insects	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Claws for raking; possible filter-feeding.
Deinocheirus mirificus	Two-story building; 11 m long	Omnivorous (fish, plants)	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	Enormous 2.4 m arms; sail-backed; "terrible hand."
Oviraptor philoceratops	Large turkey; 1.6 m long	Eggs, plants, small animals	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	Crested; brooding eggs (not stealing); toothless beak.
Saurornithoides mongoliensis	Human height; 2 m long	Small vertebrates	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	Large brain; stereoscopic vision; high intelligence.
Stenonychosaurus inequalis	Human height; 2.4 m long	Omnivorous	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	= Troodon; sickle claw; possible pack hunter.
Troodon formosus	Human height; 2.5 m long	Omnivorous	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	North America	Largest brain-to-body ratio among dinosaurs; big eyes.
Therizinosaurus cheloniformis	Two-story; 9 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	1 m claws; pot-bellied; "scythe lizard."
Bambiraptor feinbergi	Large cat; 1.3 m long	Small animals	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (Montana)	Near-complete juvenile; bird-like; feathered.
Dakotaraptor steini	Human+; 5.5 m long	Large prey	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (South Dakota)	20 cm sickle claw; rivaled young T. rex.
Deinonychus antirrhopus	Human height; 3.4 m long	Tenontosaurus, etc.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian)	USA (Montana)	Pack hunter; inspired Velociraptor in Jurassic Park.
Dromaeosaurus albertensis	Large dog; 2 m long	Small dinosaurs	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Robust skull; first dromaeosaurid named.
Saurornitholestes sullivani	Large dog; 2 m long	Small prey	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Tooth found in hadrosaur tail; agile.
Velociraptor osmolskae	Turkey; 2 m long	Protoceratops, lizards	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	"Fighting Dinosaurs" specimen; sickle claw.
Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi	Pigeon; 50 cm long	Insects, small vertebrates	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Germany (Bavaria)	First bird; teeth, claws, feathers; "missing link."
Ceratosaurus nasicornis	Two-story; 6 m long	Large herbivores	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	USA (Colorado)	Nasal horn; blade-like teeth; short arms.
Dilophosaurus wetherilli	Two-story; 7 m long	Medium prey	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)	USA (Arizona)	Double head crests; not venomous or frilled.
Elaphrosaurus bambergi	Ostrich; 6 m long	Small prey	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Tanzania	Long neck; toothless?; gracile build.
Majungasaurus crenatissimus	Two-story; 7 m long	Rapetosaurus, etc.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Madagascar	Short snout; cannibal (tooth marks on bones).
Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis	Human+; 6 m long	Medium prey	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)	England (Oxford)	Island dwarf?; juvenile specimen known.
Giganotosaurus carolinii	City bus; 14.5 m long	Argentinosaurus	Early Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Argentina (Patagonia)	Larger than T. rex; possible pack hunter.
Poekilopleuron bucklandii	Two-story; 7 m long	Sauropods	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)	France (Normandy)	Poorly known; original destroyed in WWII.
Allosaurus europaeus	Two-story; 12 m long	Sauropods, stegosaurs	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Portugal, USA (Utah)	European species; serrated teeth.
Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis	Two-story; 8 m long	Sauropods	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)	China (Sichuan)	Horned snout; Chinese allosauroid.
Acrocanthosaurus atokensis	Two-story; 11.5 m long	Sauropods	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	USA (Oklahoma)	High sail; deep tail; neural spines.
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus	City bus; 15 m long	Fish, dinosaurs	Early Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Morocco	Sail; crocodile-like snout; semi-aquatic.
Albertosaurus sarcophagus	Two-story; 9 m long	Hadrosaurs	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Canada (Alberta)	Bonebed of 26 individuals; juvenile-heavy.
Alioramus altai	Human+; 6 m long	Small prey	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	Long snout; 5 horns; possible juvenile.
Daspletosaurus horneri	Two-story; 9 m long	Centrosaurus	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (Montana)	Textured face; skin impressions.
Tarbosaurus bataar	Two-story; 10 m long	Saurolophus	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	Asian T. rex; smaller arms.
Tyrannosaurus rex	Two-story; 13.5 m long	Edmontosaurus, Triceratops	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Montana)	1.5-ton bite force; 50+ specimens.
Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis	Human height; 4 m long	Small reptiles	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Argentina (Ischigualasto)	One of oldest dinosaurs; 3-fingered hands.
Sanjuansaurus gordilloi	Human height; 3.5 m long	Small prey	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Argentina (La Rioja)	Serrated teeth; early herrerasaurid.
Smurfette smurfensis	Fictional: Child height; 1.2 m long	Mushrooms, sarsaparilla	Triassic–Cretaceous (survived K-Pg)	Smurf Village (Peyo’s Imagination)	Satirical: Blue-skinned, blonde; evolved from Herrerasaurus via magic; empathetic leader; only female in clade.
Staurikosaurus pricei	Large dog; 2.2 m long	Small animals	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Brazil (Santa Maria)	5 sacral vertebrae; primitive.
Anchisaurus polyzelus	Human height; 2.5 m long	Plants	Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian)	USA (Connecticut)	Semi-bipedal; "Yale’s dinosaur."
Efraasia minor	Human height; 3 m long	Plants	Late Triassic (Norian)	Germany	Formerly Sellosaurus; long neck.
Thecodontosaurus antiquus	Large dog; 2 m long	Plants	Late Triassic (Rhaetian)	England (Bristol)	"Bristol dinosaur"; quarry collapse 1800s.
Massospondylus kaalae	Human+; 5 m long	Plants	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)	South Africa	Nesting colonies; embryos in eggs.
Mussaurus patagonicus	Hatchling: mouse; adult: 6 m	Plants	Late Triassic (Norian)	Argentina (Patagonia)	10 cm babies; grew large.
Plateosaurus gracilis	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Late Triassic (Norian)	Germany, Switzerland	Herd animal; 100+ skeletons.
Riojasaurus incertus	Two-story; 10 m long	Plants	Late Triassic (Norian)	Argentina (La Rioja)	Robust limbs; possible quadruped.
Barapasaurus tagorei	Three-story; 18 m long	Conifers	Early Jurassic (Toarcian)	India (Telangana)	Spoon-shaped teeth; 300+ bones.
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis	Three-story; 16 m long	Plants	Middle Jurassic (Bajocian)	England (Oxford)	First sauropod named; long neck.
Brachiosaurus altithorax	Four-story; 22 m long	High foliage	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	USA (Colorado), India (Telangana)	Front legs longer; Jurassic Park icon.
Sauroposeidon proteles	Six-story; 30 m long	Conifers	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	USA (Oklahoma)	Tallest dinosaur; 3.7 m neck vertebra.
Camarasaurus supremus	Three-story; 18 m long	Tough plants	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	USA (Utah)	Boxy skull; most common sauropod.
Euhelopus zdanskyi	Three-story; 15 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	China (Shandong)	First Chinese sauropod; long neck.
Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii	Three-story; 12 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Mongolia (Gobi)	No skull; tail vertebra convex rear.
Apatosaurus ajax	Three-story; 23 m long	Ferns, cycads	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	USA (Colorado)	Whiplike tail; = Brontosaurus?
Dicraeosaurus sattleri	Two-story; 12 m long	Low plants	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Tanzania	Short neck; forked neural spines.
Diplodocus hallorum	Four-story; 33 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	USA (New Mexico)	Longest dinosaur; Seismosaurus.
Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum	Three-story; 25 m long	High foliage	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	China (Sichuan)	19 neck vertebrae; 72-ft RCI cast.
Supersaurus vivianae	Four-story; 39 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	USA (Colorado)	2.4 m shoulder blade.
Alamosaurus sanjuanensis	Four-story; 30 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (New Mexico)	Last North American sauropod.
Dreadnoughtus schrani	Four-story; 26 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Argentina (Patagonia)	70% complete; most massive.
Saltasaurus loricatus	Two-story; 12 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Argentina (Salta)	Armored; osteoderms; small titan.

order ornithischia (bird'hipped dinosaurs)

└─ Suborder CERAPODA

     ├─ Ornithopoda

     │    ├─ Fabrosauridae      Lesothosaurus, Scutellosaurus

     │    ├─ Heterodontosauridae Echinodon, Heterodontosaurus, Pisanosaurus

     │    ├─ Hypsilophodontidae Callovosaurus, Dryosaurus, Hypsilophodon,

     │    │                     Nanosaurus, Parksosaurus, Thescelosaurus

     │    ├─ Iguanodontidae     Camptosaurus, Iguanodon, Mantellisaurus,

     │    │                     Muttaburrasaurus, Ouranosaurus, Probactrosaurus, Tenontosaurus

     │    └─ Hadrosauridae      Brachylophosaurus, Corythosaurus, Edmontosaurus,

          │                     Hadrosaurus, Hypacrosaurus, Kritosaurus, Lambeosaurus,

          │                     Maiasaura, Olorotitan, Parasaurolophus, Prosaurolophus,

          │                     Saurolophus, Shantungosaurus, Tsintaosaurus

     └─ Ceratopsia

          ├─ Pachycephalosauridae Homalocephale, Pachycephalosaurus,

          │                       Prenocephale, Stegoceras

          ├─ Psittacosauridae     Psittacosaurus

          ├─ Protoceratopidae     Bagaceratops, Leptoceratops, Microceratus,

          │                       Montanoceratops, Protoceratops

          └─ Ceratopidae          Anchiceratops, Arrhinoceratops, Avaceratops,

                                  Centrosaurus, Chasmosaurus, Nasutoceratops,

                                  Pachyrhinosaurus, Pentaceratops, Styracosaurus,

                                  Torosaurus, Triceratops

└─ Suborder THYREOPHORA

     ├─ Stegosauria

     │    ├─ Huayangosauridae   Chungkingosaurus, Huayangosaurus,

     │    │                     Lexovisaurus, Tuojiangosaurus

     │    ├─ Stegosauridae      Dacentrurus, Kentrosaurus,

     │    │                     Stegosaurus, Wuerhosaurus

     │    └─ Scelidosauridae    Scelidosaurus

     └─ Ankylosauria

          ├─ Nodosauridae       Gastonia, Hylaeosaurus, Nodosaurus,

          │                     Panoplosaurus, Polacanthus, Sauropelta,

          │                     Silvisaurus, Struthiosaurus

          └─ Ankylosauridae     Ankylosaurus, Euoplocephalus,

                                Saichania, Talarurus

Taxon	Size Comparison	Diet	Time	Place	Description
Lesothosaurus diagnosticus	Large dog; 1 m long	Low plants	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)	Lesotho	Small, bipedal; one of earliest ornithischians; long hind legs.
Scutellosaurus lawleri	Large dog; 1.2 m long	Plants	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)	USA (Arizona)	Armored biped; over 1,000 osteoderms; primitive thyreophoran.
Echinodon becklesii	Squirrel; 60 cm long	Plants, insects?	Early Jurassic (Berriasian)	England (Dorset)	Tiny heterodont teeth; first European heterodontosaur.
Heterodontosaurus tucki	Large dog; 1.8 m long	Plants	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)	South Africa	Tusks in males; grinding cheek teeth; possible omnivory.
Pisanosaurus mertii	Large dog; 1 m long	Plants	Late Triassic (Carnian)	Argentina	Oldest known ornithischian; debated silesaurid.
Callovosaurus leedsi	Tall child; 3.5 m long	Plants	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)	England (Oxfordshire)	Formerly Camptosaurus; slender build.
Dryosaurus elderae	Tall child; 4 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Tanzania	Cursorial; long legs; African hypsilophodont.
Hypsilophodon foxii	Tall child; 2 m long	Low plants	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	England (Isle of Wight)	Agile; once thought tree-climber; no crests.
Nanosaurus agilis	Small dog; 1.4 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	USA (Colorado)	Tiny; juvenile specimen; delicate.
Parksosaurus warreni	Tall child; 2.5 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Canada (Alberta)	= Thescelosaurus?; long toes.
Thescelosaurus garbanii	Human height; 4 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Montana)	Robust; possible heart fossil ("Willow").
Camptosaurus dispar	Two-story; 7 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	USA (Wyoming)	Semi-quadrupedal; juvenile skulls known.
Iguanodon bernissartensis	Two-story; 10 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	Belgium	Thumb spike; herd animal; 38 skeletons in coal mine.
Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis	Two-story; 7 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	England (Isle of Wight)	Gracile; formerly Iguanodon; fast runner.
Muttaburrasaurus langdoni	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Australia (Queensland)	Nasal bulge; possible vocal resonance.
Ouranosaurus nigeriensis	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Niger	Sail-backed; thumb claws; 50 cm neural spines.
Probactrosaurus gobiensis	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	China (Inner Mongolia)	Transitional hadrosauroid; pre-duckbill.
Tenontosaurus dossi	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	USA (Texas)	Prey of Deinonychus; pack-hunting evidence.
Brachylophosaurus canadensis	Two-story; 11 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (Montana)	Solid crest; mummified skin ("Leonardo").
Corythosaurus casuarius	Two-story; 9 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Helmet crest; hollow tubes for resonance.
Edmontosaurus regalis	Two-story; 13 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Canada (Alberta)	Flat-headed; skin impressions; "Dakota" mummy.
Hadrosaurus foulkii	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (New Jersey)	First mounted dinosaur; Haddonfield find.
Hypacrosaurus stebingeri	Two-story; 9 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (Montana)	Tall neural spines; nesting colonies.
Kritosaurus navajovius	Two-story; 9 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (New Mexico)	Roman nose; = Gryposaurus?.
Lambeosaurus magnicristatus	Two-story; 9 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Hatchet crest; sexual dimorphism.
Maiasaura peeblesorum	Two-story; 9 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (Montana)	Nests with babies; "Egg Mountain."
Olorotitan arharensis	Two-story; 12 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Russia (Amur)	Fan-shaped crest; most complete Russian hadrosaur.
Parasaurolophus walkeri	Two-story; 10 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Long curved tube crest; trumpet-like call.
Prosaurolophus maximus	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Small crest; transitional form.
Saurolophus osborni	Two-story; 12 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Mongolia	Spike on crest; skin impressions.
Shantungosaurus giganteus	Three-story; 15 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	China (Shandong)	Largest hadrosaur; 5+ individuals.
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus	Two-story; 10 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	China (Shandong)	"Unicorn" horn (disputed); crest reinterpreted.
Homalocephale calathocercos	Human height; 3 m long	Plants, seeds	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia	Flat skull; wide pelvis; = Prenocephale juvenile?.
Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis	Human+; 4.5 m long	Plants, fruits	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Montana)	25 cm thick dome; head-butting.
Prenocephale prenes	Human height; 2.5 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia	Domed skull with nodes; sexual dimorphism?.
Stegoceras validum	Human height; 2 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Small dome; first pachycephalosaur.
Psittacosaurus meileyingensis	Large dog; 2 m long	Plants, seeds	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	China (Liaoning)	Parrot-like beak; bristle tail; filaments.
Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi	Small dog; 1 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia	Tiny; juvenile growth series.
Leptoceratops gracilis	Large dog; 2 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Canada (Alberta)	No horns; long tail; last protoceratopsid.
Microceratus gobiensis	Squirrel; 80 cm long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia	Tiny; frill nubs; = Microceratops.
Montanoceratops cerorhynchus	Human height; 3 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Montana)	No horns; deep tail; transitional.
Protoceratops hellenikorhinus	Large dog; 2 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia	Frill, no horns; eggs; "Fighting Dinosaurs."
Anchiceratops ornatus	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Canada (Alberta)	Long frill; brow bosses.
Arrhinoceratops brachyops	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Canada (Alberta)	Short snout; single skull.
Avaceratops lammersi	Human+; 4 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (Montana)	Juvenile; small frill.
Centrosaurus apertus	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Nasal horn; frill hooks; bonebeds.
Chasmosaurus belli	Two-story; 5 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Large parietal fenestrae; long brow horns.
Nasutoceratops titusi	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (Utah)	Bull-like horns; no nasal horn.
Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai	Two-story; 7 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta), USA (Colorado)	Nasal boss; "Pipestone Creek" bonebed.
Pentaceratops sternbergii	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	USA (New Mexico)	Huge frill; 3 m skull.
Styracosaurus ovatus	Two-story; 5.5 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Nasal horn; 6+ frill spikes.
Torosaurus latus	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Wyoming)	Giant fenestrae; = Triceratops growth stage?.
Triceratops horridus	Two-story; 9 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Montana)	3 horns; solid frill; 50+ skulls.
Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis	Human+; 4 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	China (Chongqing)	Small stegosaur; thagomizer.
Huayangosaurus taibaii	Human+; 4.3 m long	Plants	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)	China (Sichuan)	Primitive; premax teeth; oldest stegosaur.
Lexovisaurus durobrivensis	Two-story; 5 m long	Plants	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)	England (Cambridgeshire)	= Loricatosaurus; spiked tail.
Tuojiangosaurus multispinus	Two-story; 7 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	China (Sichuan)	Double-row plates; shoulder spike.
Dacentrurus armatus	Two-story; 8 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	England (Wiltshire)	Large; robust; formerly Omosaurus.
Kentrosaurus aethiopicus	Two-story; 5 m long	Low plants	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)	Tanzania	Spiked tail; small plates; 400+ bones.
Stegosaurus stenops	Two-story; 9.3 m long	Plants	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	USA (Colorado)	Double-row plates; thagomizer; RCI cast in Lost World.
Wuerhosaurus ordosensis	Two-story; 7 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)	China (Inner Mongolia)	Low plates; last stegosaur.
Scelidosaurus harrisonii	Human+; 4 m long	Plants	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)	England (Dorset)	Primitive; scutes; near-complete skeleton.
Gastonia lorriemcwhinneyae	Human+; 5 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	USA (Utah)	Spiked armor; sacral shield; "porcupine."
Hylaeosaurus armatus	Human+; 5 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)	England (Sussex)	Spiked shoulder; first ankylosaur named.
Nodosaurus textilis	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	USA (Wyoming)	Bony nodules; no tail club; armor in situ.
Panoplosaurus mirus	Two-story; 7 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Neck armor; no club; fused armor.
Polacanthus foxii	Human+; 5 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	England (Isle of Wight)	Pelvic shield; spikes.
Sauropelta edwardsorum	Human+; 5 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	USA (Montana)	Long neck spikes; cervical half-rings.
Silvisaurus condrayi	Human+; 4 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	USA (Kansas)	Small; rare teeth preserved.
Struthiosaurus transylvanicus	Large dog; 2.5 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Romania (Transylvania)	Dwarf island form; braincase known.
Ankylosaurus magniventris	Two-story; 10.8 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	USA (Montana)	Tail club; full armor; "tank dinosaur."
Euoplocephalus tutus	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Canada (Alberta)	Tail club; armored eyelids.
Saichania chulsanensis	Two-story; 7 m long	Plants	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Mongolia	Neck armor; possible salt glands; desert adapted.
Talarurus plicatospineus	Two-story; 6 m long	Plants	Early Cretaceous (Santonian)	Mongolia	Spiked armor; tail club; juvenile skulls.

Coelurosaurs Classification Overview

Coelurosaurs (Infraorder Coelurosauria within Theropoda) are a diverse clade of mostly small-to-medium theropods, characterized by hollow bones, elongated limbs, and often feathers or protofeathers. Emerging in the Late Triassic (~220 Ma), they dominated Late Jurassic–Cretaceous ecosystems and include the lineage leading to birds (avian dinosaurs). This group features agile predators, omnivores, and herbivores, with advanced traits like large brains, grasping hands, and (in some) flight capabilities. The query focuses on basal to advanced forms, excluding tyrannosaurids and alvarezsaurs here.

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Order	Saurischia	"Lizard-hipped" dinosaurs.
Suborder	Theropoda	Bipedal, mostly carnivorous.
Infraorder	Coelurosauria	"Hollow-tailed"; lightweight, often feathered theropods including birds.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Coelophysidae	Coelophysis bauri	Pack-hunting early theropod; hollow bones, serrated teeth.	3 / 1	15–25	Carnivore (small reptiles)	Late Triassic / Norian–Rhaetian	Cope/1889	Ghost Ranch / USA / New Mexico / Chinle Formation	Turkey-sized; mass graves indicate flocks.
Coelophysidae	Procompsognathus triassicus	Tiny insect-hunter; long legs, bird-like.	1 / 0.3	1	Insectivore	Late Triassic / Norian	Fraas/1913	Löwenstein / Germany / Baden-Württemberg / Löwenstein Formation	Chicken-sized; Jurassic Park "compy" inspiration (inaccurate).
Coelophysidae	Saltopus elginensis	Cursorial basal; debated dinosaur status.	0.6 / 0.2	0.2	Carnivore (insects)	Late Triassic / Carnian	Huene/1910	Elgin / UK / Scotland / Lossiemouth Sandstone	Lizard-sized; fragmentary but agile.
Coelophysidae	Segisaurus halli	Slender desert dweller; locked limbs in fossil.	1 / 0.4	4	Carnivore	Early Jurassic / Toarcian	Camp/1936	Navajo / USA / Arizona / Navajo Sandstone	Cat-sized; sitting posture preserved.
Coeluridae	Aristosuchus pusillus	Small European; fragmentary claws.	1.5 / 0.5	5	Carnivore	Early Cretaceous / Barremian	Seeley/1879	Isle of Wight / UK / Hampshire / Wessex Formation	Dog-sized; debated coelurid.
Coeluridae	Coelurus fragilis	Graceful long-tailed; hollow vertebrae.	2 / 0.6	15	Carnivore (lizards)	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Marsh/1879	Como Bluff / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Human arm-span; lightweight glider.
Coeluridae	Compsognathus longipes	"Elegant jaw"; preserved with prey in gut.	1 / 0.4	3	Carnivore (lizards/insects)	Late Jurassic / Tithonian	Wagner/1859	Solnhofen / Germany / Bavaria / Solnhofen Limestone	Chicken-sized; feathered in life?
Coeluridae	Noasaurus leali	Ceratosaur-like coelurosaur; sickle claw.	1.5 / 0.5	15	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Bonaparte & Powell/1980	El Brete / Argentina / Salta / Lecho Formation	Turkey-sized; raptor precursor?
Coeluridae	Ornitholestes hermanni	Bird-robber; nasal crest, grasping hands.	2 / 0.7	12	Carnivore (small prey)	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Osborn/1903	Bone Cabin / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Fox-sized; bird-hunter myth.
Nanotyrannidae	Moros intrepidus	Early tyrannosauroid; speedy juvenile form.	1.2 / 0.5	5	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Lindsay et al./2019	Emery County / USA / Utah / Cedar Mountain Formation	Cat-sized; "harbinger of doom."
Nanotyrannidae	Nanotyrannus lethaeus	Graceful tyrant; debated T. rex kin.	5 / 1.8	1,000	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Bakker et al./1988	Hell Creek / USA / Montana / Hell Creek Formation	Horse-sized; slender skull.
Avimimidae	Avimimus nemegtensis	Bird-mimic; toothless beak, feathered.	1.5 / 0.6	20	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Kurzanov/1981	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Turkey-sized; flightless bird-like.
Archaeopterygidae	Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi	Transitional flyer; feathered wings, teeth.	0.5 / 0.2	0.5	Carnivore (insects/fish)	Late Jurassic / Tithonian	Kundrát et al./2019	Solnhofen / Germany / Bavaria / Solnhofen Limestone	Pigeon-sized; "Urvogel" specimen.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Ornithomimidae	Archaeornithomimus asiaticus	Primitive ostrich-dino; toothless.	3.3 / 1.5	50	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Russell/1972	Iren Dabasu / China / Inner Mongolia / Iren Nor Formation	Pony-sized; Asian early form.
Ornithomimidae	Dromiceiomimus samueli	Speedy forager; long limbs.	3.5 / 1.5	100	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Russell/1972	Horseshoe Canyon / Canada / Alberta / Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Ostrich-sized; fast runner.
Ornithomimidae	Elaphrosaurus bambergi	Lightweight cursor; debated ornithomimid.	6 / 2	200	Carnivore/omnivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Janensch/1920	Tendaguru / Tanzania / Lindi / Tendaguru Formation	Emu-height; African outlier.
Ornithomimidae	Gallimimus bullatus	Herd stampeder; large eyes.	6 / 2	440	Omnivore (plants/insects)	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Osmólska et al./1972	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Human-height; Jurassic Park star.
Ornithomimidae	Ornithomimus velox	Slender grazer; keratin beak.	4 / 1.6	170	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Marsh/1890	Denver / USA / Colorado / Denver Formation	Emu-like; swift browser.
Ornithomimidae	Struthiomimus altus	Robust mimic; social flocks.	4.3 / 1.7	150	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Osborn/1916	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Ostrich-sized; pack forager.
Deinocheiridae	Deinocheirus mirificus	Humped giant; massive arms/claws.	11 / 4	6,000	Omnivore (fish/plants)	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Osmólska & Roniewicz/1970	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Elephant-sized; "terrible hands."
Therizinosauridae	Erlikosaurus andrewsi	Pot-bellied herbivore; scythe claws.	5 / 2	500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Perle/1981	Bayshin Tsav / Mongolia / Gobi / Bayan Shireh Formation	Horse-sized; well-preserved skull.
Therizinosauridae	Segnosaurus galbinensis	Sail-backed enigma; deep jaws.	7 / 3	1,300	Herbivore/piscivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Perle/1979	Amtgay / Mongolia / Gobi / Bayan Shireh Formation	Rhino-sized; theropod sloth.
Therizinosauridae	Therizinosaurus cheloniformis	Long-necked claw-bearer; turtle-form.	10 / 4	5,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Maleev/1954	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Bear-sized; 1m claws for stripping.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Dromaeosauridae	Adasaurus mongoliensis	Large Mongolian raptor; reduced sickle.	2.5 / 1	40	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Barsbold/1983	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Wolf-sized; desert hunter.
Dromaeosauridae	Austroraptor cabazai	Giant South American; long snout.	6 / 2	300	Piscivore/carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Novas et al./2009	Bajo de Santa Rosa / Argentina / Río Negro / Allen Formation	Alligator-sized; river stalker.
Dromaeosauridae	Bambiraptor feinbergi	Feathered juvenile; bird-brain ratio.	1 / 0.5	5	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Burnham et al./2000	Glacier County / USA / Montana / Two Medicine Formation	Chicken-sized; intelligent pack.
Dromaeosauridae	Dakotaraptor steini	Robust North American; wing-like arms.	5.5 / 2	350	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	DePalma et al./2015	Harding County / USA / South Dakota / Hell Creek Formation	Human-height; controversial quill knobs.
Dromaeosauridae	Deinonychus antirrhopus	Pack-slasher; iconic sickle claw.	3.4 / 1.5	73	Carnivore (tenontosaurs)	Early Cretaceous / Aptian–Albian	Ostrom/1969	Cloverly / USA / Montana / Cloverly Formation	Wolf-sized; Jurassic Park "velociraptor."
Dromaeosauridae	Dromaeosaurus albertensis	Bone-crushing jaws; woodland ambush.	2 / 0.8	15	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Matthew & Brown/1922	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Cat-sized; robust skull.
Dromaeosauridae	Itemirus medullaris	Braincase-only; large olfactory.	2 est. / 0.8	20	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Turonian	Kurzanov/1976	Itemir / Uzbekistan / Karakalpakstan / Bissekty Formation	Fox-sized; scent tracker.
Dromaeosauridae	Richardoestesia isosceles	Tooth taxon; serrated shed teeth.	2 est. / 0.7	10	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Currie et al./1990	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Turkey-sized; "ghost" predator.
Dromaeosauridae	Saurornitholestes sullivani	Keen hunter; preening grooves.	1.8 / 0.6	10	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Sullivan/2006	Kirtland / USA / New Mexico / Kirtland Formation	Fox-sized; southern variant.
Dromaeosauridae	Velociraptor osmolskae	Whip-tail fighter; preserved in combat.	2 / 0.8	15	Carnivore (protoceratops)	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Godefroit et al./2008	Djadochta / Mongolia / Gobi / Djadochta Formation	Turkey-sized; famous "fighting dinosaurs."
Saurornithoididae	Bradycneme draculae	Fragmentary troodontid; owl-like.	2 est. / 0.8	20	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Harrison & Walker/1973	Sânpetru / Romania / Transylvania / Sânpetru Formation	Cat-sized; island form.
Saurornithoididae	Hesperornithoides miessleri	Western bird-mimic; feathered glider?	1 / 0.4	3	Carnivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Hart et al./2019	Morrison / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Chicken-sized; early troodont.
Saurornithoididae	Saurornithoides mongoliensis	Night stalker; large eyes/brain.	2 / 0.8	15	Carnivore (mammals)	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Osborn/1924	Djadochta / Mongolia / Gobi / Djadochta Formation	Fox-sized; intelligent.
Saurornithoididae	Stenonychosaurus inequalis	Stereoscopic vision; dexterous.	2.4 / 1	50	Carnivore/omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Sternberg/1932	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Human waist-height; syn. Troodon sp.
Saurornithoididae	Troodon formosus	Smartest dino; binocular hunt.	2.4 / 1	50	Carnivore (small prey)	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Leidy/1856	Judith River / USA / Montana / Judith River Formation	Cat-sized; pack evidence.
Oviraptoridae	Conchoraptor gracilis	Crestless oviraptor; wave-trap beak.	1.5 / 0.6	10	Omnivore (eggs/plants)	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Barsbold/1986	Hermiin Tsav / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Turkey-sized; nest brooder.
Oviraptoridae	Oviraptor philoceratops	"Egg-lover"; misnamed brooder.	1.6 / 0.7	25	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Osborn/1924	Djadochta / Mongolia / Gobi / Djadochta Formation	Goose-sized; on nest fossil.
Caenagnathidae	Caudipteryx dongi	Feathered fan-tail; seed-eater.	0.9 / 0.4	5	Herbivore/omnivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Ji et al./1998	Yixian / China / Liaoning / Yixian Formation	Pheasant-sized; protofeathers.
Caenagnathidae	Chirostenotes pergracilis	Toothless jaws; long fingers.	2 / 0.8	30	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Gilmore/1924	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Turkey-sized; "hand stenotes."
Caenagnathidae	Elmisaurus rarus	Slender Asian; foot specialist.	2 / 0.8	20	Omnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Osmólska/1981	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Ostrich-like; rare complete.

Ceratosaurs Classification Overview

Ceratosaurs (Infraorder Ceratosauria within Theropoda) are a group of primitive, mostly medium-to-large carnivorous theropods known for their robust builds, horned or crested skulls, and reduced forelimbs. Emerging in the Early Jurassic (~200 Ma), they were widespread in Gondwana (southern continents) and persisted until the end-Cretaceous (~66 Ma). Unlike more derived theropods, ceratosaurs retained ancestral traits like four-fingered hands and were apex predators in isolated ecosystems. The query highlights key Late Jurassic and Cretaceous forms.

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Order	Saurischia	"Lizard-hipped" dinosaurs.
Suborder	Theropoda	Bipedal, mostly carnivorous.
Infraorder	Ceratosauria	"Horned lizards"; basal theropods with nasal/lacrimal horns, often in southern landmasses.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Ceratosauridae	Ceratosaurus nasicornis	Nasal-horned ambush predator; blade-like teeth, short arms.	6 / 2.5	1,000	Carnivore (sauropods, ornithopods)	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian–Tithonian	Marsh/1884	Garden Park / USA / Colorado / Morrison Formation	Cow-sized; iconic Jurassic Park cameo, deep skull for slashing.
Ceratosauridae	Dilophosaurus wetherilli	Double-crested "spitter"; weak bite, display crests.	7 / 2.5	400	Carnivore (smaller prey)	Early Jurassic / Sinemurian–Pliensbachian	Welles/1954	Kayenta / USA / Arizona / Kayenta Formation	Alligator-sized; crests fragile, not venomous (movie myth).
Abelisauridae	Majungasaurus crenatissimus	Thick-skulled island tyrant; short snout, single horn.	7 / 3	1,100	Carnivore (raptosaurs, cannibal?)	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Depéret/1896	Maevarano / Madagascar / Mahajanga / Maevarano Formation	Rhino-sized; bite marks on conspecifics, reduced arms.

Carnosaurs Classification Overview

Carnosaurs (Infraorder Carnosauria within Theropoda) encompass large, apex-predatory theropods with massive skulls, powerful hindlimbs, and (in most) reduced forelimbs. Dominating from the Middle Jurassic (~170 Ma) to the end-Cretaceous (~66 Ma), they were the top carnivores in many ecosystems, preying on sauropods and ornithopods. The group includes allosauroids (allosaurids, megalosaurids) and spinosaurids, as well as the later tyrannosaurids—though modern phylogenies place tyrannosaurids in Coelurosauria. The query follows traditional broad classification.

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Order	Saurischia	"Lizard-hipped" dinosaurs.
Suborder	Theropoda	Bipedal, mostly carnivorous.
Infraorder	Carnosauria	"Meat bulls"; large-bodied theropods with robust skulls and serrated teeth.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Megalosauridae	Carcharodontosaurus iguidensis	Shark-toothed giant; rival to T. rex.	12 / 4	6,000	Carnivore (sauropods)	Early Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Depéret & Savornin/1927	Kem Kem / Algeria / Tafilalt / Kem Kem Beds	Bus-sized; braincase pneumatic.
Megalosauridae	Erectopus superbus	French upright; fragmentary limbs.	6 / 2.5	500	Carnivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Huene/1923	La Penthièvre / France / Normandy / Grès de la Crèche	Alligator-sized; debated validity.
Megalosauridae	Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis	Island predator; curved claws.	7 / 2.5	500	Carnivore (marine reptiles?)	Middle Jurassic / Callovian	Walker/1964	Oxford Clay / UK / Oxfordshire / Oxford Clay Formation	Cow-sized; juvenile specimen famous.
Megalosauridae	Giganotosaurus carolinii	Southern giant; larger skull than T. rex.	14 / 5.4	8,000	Carnivore (titanosaurs)	Late Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Coria & Salgado/1995	Candeleros / Argentina / Neuquén / Candeleros Formation	Truck-sized; pack hunter evidence?
Megalosauridae	Poekilopleuron bucklandii	Early megalosaur; gastralia preserved.	7 / 3	1,000	Carnivore	Middle Jurassic / Bathonian	Eudes-Deslongchamps/1838	Caen / France / Normandy / Calcaire de Caen	Horse-sized; "piebald lizard."
Megalosauridae	Torvosaurus gurneyi	Portuguese brute; thick arms.	10 / 3.5	4,000	Carnivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Hendrickx & Mateus/2014	Lourinhã / Portugal / Leiria / Lourinhã Formation	Elephant-sized; robust forelimbs.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Allosauridae	Allosaurus europaeus	European allosaur; lighter build.	12.5 / 4	1,500	Carnivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Mateus et al./2006	Lourinhã / Portugal / Leiria / Lourinhã Formation; Albuquerque / USA / New Mexico / Morrison Formation	Rhino-sized; Morrison kin.
Allosauridae	Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis	Asian allosaur; robust jaws.	10 / 3.5	3,000	Carnivore	Late Jurassic / Oxfordian	Dong et al./1978	Zigong / China / Sichuan / Shangshaximiao Formation	Elephant-sized; deep skull.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Spinosauridae	Acrocanthosaurus atokensis	High-spined; deep tail for swimming?	11.5 / 4	6,000	Carnivore/piscivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian–Albian	Stovall & Langston/1950	Antlers / USA / Oklahoma / Antlers Formation	Truck-sized; sail for display.
Spinosauridae	Becklespinax altispinax	Tall-sailed fragment; neural spines.	8 est. / 3	1,000	Carnivore	Early Cretaceous / Barremian	Owen/1855	Hastings / UK / East Sussex / Wadhurst Clay	Horse-sized; syn. Altispinax.
Spinosauridae	Metriacanthosaurus parkeri	Moderate sail; Oxford predator.	8 / 3	1,000	Carnivore	Middle Jurassic / Oxfordian	Walker/1964	Oxford Clay / UK / Oxfordshire / Oxford Clay Formation	Cow-sized; "moderately spined."
Spinosauridae	Spinosaurus aegyptiacus	Sail-finned river monster; paddle tail.	15 / 4.5	7,000	Piscivore/carnivore	Early Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Stromer/1915	Bahariya / Egypt / Western Desert / Bahariya Formation	Largest theropod; semi-aquatic.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Tyrannosauridae	Albertosaurus sarcophagus	Slender pack hunter; long legs.	9 / 3	2,000	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Osborn/1905	Red Deer River / Canada / Alberta / Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Lion x10; agile juvenile packs.
Tyrannosauridae	Daspletosaurus horneri	Robust skull; strong bite.	9 / 3	2,500	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Carr et al./2017	Two Medicine / USA / Montana / Two Medicine Formation	Grizzly x10; facial texture.
Tyrannosauridae	Gorgosaurus libratus	Graceful tyrant; speedy runner.	8.5 / 3	2,000	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lambe/1914	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Horse x10; Albertosaurus kin.
Tyrannosauridae	Tarbosaurus bataar	Asian T. rex; desert stalker.	12 / 4	5,000	Carnivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Maleev/1955	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Elephant-sized; smaller arms.
Tyrannosauridae	Tyrannosaurus rex	Tyrant king; 1.5-ton bite force.	13.3 / 4.2	7,000	Carnivore/scavenger	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Osborn/1905	Hell Creek / USA / Montana / Hell Creek Formation	T. rex; largest land carnivore.

Prosauropods Classification Overview

Prosauropods (Infraorder Prosauropoda within Sauropodomorpha) are early, mostly bipedal long-necked herbivores transitional between small carnivorous ancestors and giant quadrupedal sauropods. Active from the Late Triassic (~230 Ma) to Early Jurassic (~180 Ma), they were widespread grazers with small heads, leaf-shaped teeth, and grasping hands. Often called "plateosaurs," they represent the first major radiation of plant-eating dinosaurs. Note: "Smurfette" is a fictional crossover from The Smurfs (2021 reboot); no paleontological basis.

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Order	Saurischia	"Lizard-hipped" dinosaurs.
Suborder	Sauropodomorpha	Long-necked herbivores.
Infraorder	Prosauropoda	"Before sauropods"; bipedal/quadrupedal transitional forms with simple teeth.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Herrerasauridae	Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis	Primitive predator/herbivore; sliding jaw joint.	4–6 / 2	350	Carnivore/omnivore	Late Triassic / Carnian	Reig/1963	Ischigualasto / Argentina / San Juan / Ischigualasto Formation	Human-height; early dino apex.
Herrerasauridae	Smurfette (2021 Smurfs cartoon show)	Fictional blue humanoid; no fossils.	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	Peyo (original)/2021 reboot	N/A	Crossover gag; Smurfs meet dinos episode.
Herrerasauridae	Staurikosaurus pricei	Slender basal; fragmentary pelvis.	2 / 0.8	30	Carnivore	Late Triassic / Carnian	Colbert/1970	Santa Maria / Brazil / Rio Grande do Sul / Santa Maria Formation	Turkey-sized; Brazilian early form.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Anchisauridae	Anchisaurus polyzelus	"Near lizard"; flexible neck.	2 / 1	27	Herbivore/omnivore	Early Jurassic / Pliensbachian	Marsh/1885	Manchester / USA / Connecticut / Portland Formation	Human-sized; East Coast classic.
Anchisauridae	Efraasia minor	German grazer; leaf-shaped teeth.	4 / 1.5	200	Herbivore	Late Triassic / Norian	Galton/1973	Trossingen / Germany / Baden-Württemberg / Löwenstein Formation	Pony-sized; syn. Sellosaurus.
Anchisauridae	Nyasasaurus parringtoni	Possible oldest dinosaur; slender limbs.	2.5 / 1	20	Omnivore?	Middle Triassic / Anisian	Nesbitt et al./2013	Manda Beds / Tanzania / Rukwa / Manda Formation	Goat-sized; debated dino status.
Anchisauridae	Thecodontosaurus antiquus	"Socket-tooth"; cliff-dweller.	2.5 / 1	30	Herbivore	Late Triassic / Rhaetian	Riley & Stutchbury/1836	Bristol / UK / Avon / Magnesian Conglomerate	Goat-sized; British bone bed.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Plateosauridae	Coloradisaurus brevis	Colorful Argentine; robust skull.	4 / 1.8	70	Herbivore	Late Triassic / Norian	Lambert/1983	Los Colorados / Argentina / La Rioja / Los Colorados Formation	Cow-sized; syn. Coloradia.
Plateosauridae	Lufengosaurus huenei	Chinese classic; tall shoulders.	6 / 2.5	500	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Hettangian	Young/1941	Lufeng / China / Yunnan / Lufeng Formation	Rhino-sized; mass graves.
Plateosauridae	Massospondylus kaalae	"Massive vertebra"; nesting parent.	4–6 / 2	300	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Hettangian	Seeley/1895	Karoo / South Africa / Free State / Upper Elliot Formation	Cow-sized; embryo fossils.
Plateosauridae	Mussaurus patagonicus	"Mouse lizard"; grew from tiny juveniles.	3 (juv.)–6 / 2.5	70–1,000	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Sinemurian	Bonaparte & Vince/1979	Laguna Colorada / Argentina / Santa Cruz / Laguna Colorada Formation	Grows from mouse to horse.
Plateosauridae	Plateosaurus gracilis	Iconic "flat lizard"; bipedal herds.	8 / 3	600	Herbivore	Late Triassic / Norian	von Meyer/1837	Trossingen / Germany / Baden-Württemberg / Löwenstein Formation	Elephant-sized; mass death sites.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Melanorosauridae	Riojasaurus incertus	Robust limbs; semi-quadrupedal.	10 / 3.5	1,000	Herbivore	Late Triassic / Norian	Bonaparte/1967	La Rioja / Argentina / La Rioja / Los Colorados Formation	Elephant-sized; heavy browser.

Sauropods Classification Overview

Sauropods (Infraorder Sauropoda within Sauropodomorpha) are the iconic long-necked, quadrupedal giants—herbivorous behemoths with pillar-like limbs, tiny heads, and massive bodies adapted for high browsing and bulk fermentation. Emerging in the Late Triassic (~210 Ma) and peaking in the Late Jurassic–Cretaceous, they include the largest land animals ever (up to 70+ tons). This group dominated global ecosystems until the end-Cretaceous extinction (~66 Ma). The query splits them into traditional families: early forms (cetiosaurids), giraffe-like (brachiosaurids), boxy-skulled (camarasaurids), whip-tailed (diplodocids), and armored late-survivors (titanosaurids).

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Order	Saurischia	"Lizard-hipped" dinosaurs.
Suborder	Sauropodomorpha	Long-necked herbivores.
Infraorder	Sauropoda	"Lizard-footed"; true giants with columnar limbs, peg-like teeth, and air-sac systems.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Cetiosauridae	Amygdalodon patagonicus	"Almond tooth"; early South American.	15 / 4	5,000	Herbivore	Middle Jurassic / Toarcian	Cabrera/1947	Cerro Cóndor / Argentina / Chubut / Cerro Barcino Formation	Semi-truck; almond-shaped teeth.
Cetiosauridae	Cetiosaurus oxoniensis	"Whale lizard"; classic British form.	16 / 5	11,000	Herbivore	Middle Jurassic / Bajocian	Owen/1841	Oxford Clay / UK / Oxfordshire / Oxford Clay Formation	Double-decker bus; pillar legs.
Cetiosauridae	Haplocanthosaurus delfsi	Simple-spined; lightweight build.	12 / 4	7,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Hatcher/1903	Red Fork / USA / Colorado / Morrison Formation	School bus; syn. Haplocanthus.
Cetiosauridae	Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum	Extreme long-neck (19 vertebrae).	34 / 18	10,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Oxfordian	Russell & Zheng/1993	Sichuan Basin / China / Sichuan / Kuangyuan Series	Barge-like neck; Chinese record.
Cetiosauridae	Patagosaurus fariasi	Robust Patagonian; deep tail.	15 / 4.5	8,000	Herbivore	Middle Jurassic / Callovian	Bonaparte/1979	Cerro Cóndor / Argentina / Chubut / Cañadón Asfalto Formation	Truck-sized; early diversity.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Brachiosauridae	Astrodon johnstoni	Star-tooth; East Coast giant.	18 / 9	20,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Johnston/1859	Muirkirk / USA / Maryland / Arundel Formation	3-story height; peg teeth.
Brachiosauridae	Brachiosaurus altithorax	Towering icon; high shoulders.	22 / 16.5	28,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Riggs/1903	Fruita / USA / Colorado / Morrison Formation; Sichuan Basin / China / Sichuan / Kuangyuan Series	Giraffe x10; Jurassic Park star.
Brachiosauridae	Rebbachisaurus garasbae	African sail-back; neural spines.	14 / 5	7,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Lavocat/1954	Aoulef / Algeria / Adrar / Kem Kem Beds	Bus-length; rebbachisaurid kin.
Brachiosauridae	Supersaurus vivianae	Ultra-long; shoulder blade 2.4m.	39 / 18.8	35,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Jensen/1985	Dry Mesa / USA / Colorado / Morrison Formation	Longest dino; double-decker bus.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Camarasauridae	Camarasaurus supremus	"Supreme chambered"; large nostrils.	18.8 / 8.5	20,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Cope/1877	Como Bluff / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Train car; common Morrison.
Camarasauridae	Euhelopus zdanskyi	Asian camarasaur; pneumatic neck.	11 / 4	5,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Barremian	Wiman/1929	Mengyin / China / Shandong / Mengyin Formation	Truck-sized; long survival.
Camarasauridae	Omeisaurus fuxiensis	Chinese classic; 18 neck vertebrae.	15 / 4.5	9,000	Herbivore	Middle Jurassic / Bathonian	Young/1939	Dashanpu / China / Sichuan / Xiashaximiao Formation	Semi-truck; quarry finds.
Camarasauridae	Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii	Tail-whipper; no skull known.	12 / 4	8,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Borsuk-Białynicka/1977	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Rhino x10; late Asian.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Titanosauridae	Aegyptosaurus baharijensis	Egyptian giant; fragmentary.	15 / 5	10,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Stromer/1932	Bahariya / Egypt / Western Desert / Bahariya Formation	Truck-sized; Spinosaurus prey?
Titanosauridae	Alamosaurus sanjuanensis	North American titan; late migrant.	30 / 16.5	80,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Gilmore/1922	Ojo Alamo / USA / New Mexico / Ojo Alamo Formation	Whale-mass; post-T. rex.
Titanosauridae	Antarctosaurus giganteus	"Giant southern"; robust limbs.	18 / 15	40,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Huene/1929	Chubut / Argentina / Chubut / Allen Formation	Battleship-sized; debated size.
Titanosauridae	Argentinosaurus huinculensis	Argentine colossus; femur 2.5m.	31.5 / 17.5	70,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Bonaparte & Coria/1993	Neuquén / Argentina / Neuquén / Huincul Formation	Blue whale rival; largest known.
Titanosauridae	Campylodoniscus ameghinoi	Curved tail; fragmentary.	15 est. / 5	10,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Ameghino/1898	Bajo Barreal / Argentina / Chubut / Bajo Barreal Formation	Truck-sized; tail curvature.
Titanosauridae	Dreadnoughtus schrani	"Fears nothing"; near-complete.	26 / 6	59,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lacovara et al./2014	Cerro Fortaleza / Argentina / Santa Cruz / Cerro Fortaleza Formation	Battleship; 85% skeleton.
Titanosauridae	Laplatasaurus araukanicus	La Plata form; robust.	18 / 5	20,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Huene/1929	Rancho de Ávila / Argentina / Neuquén / Allen Formation	Train car; syn. Titanosaurus.
Titanosauridae	Puertasaurus reuili	Wide-chested; huge vertebrae.	30 / 16.5	80,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Cenomanian	Novas et al./2005	Cerro Los Hornos / Argentina / Santa Cruz / Pari Aike Formation	Whale-sized; broad gauge.
Titanosauridae	Saltasaurus loricatus	Armored dwarf; osteoderms.	12 / 4	7,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Bonaparte & Powell/1980	Salta / Argentina / Salta / Lecho Formation	Elephant-sized; plated defense.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Diplodocidae	Amphicoelias fragillimus	"Most fragile"; lost vertebra (debated).	40–60 est. / 18.4	120,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Cope/1878	Garden Park / USA / Colorado / Morrison Formation	Longest ever?; specimen lost.
Diplodocidae	Apatosaurus ajax	"Deceptive lizard"; whip tail.	21 / 7.5	20,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Marsh/1877	Como Bluff / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Train car; "Brontosaurus" kin.
Diplodocidae	Barosaurus lentus	"Heavy lizard"; extremely long neck.	26 / 12	20,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Marsh/1890	Bone Cabin / USA / South Dakota / Morrison Formation	Giraffe-neck x2; rearing pose.
Diplodocidae	Dicraeosaurus sattleri	Short-necked; spiked vertebrae.	12 / 4	6,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Janensch/1914	Tendaguru / Tanzania / Lindi / Tendaguru Formation	Rhino-sized; defensive spikes.
Diplodocidae	Diplodocus hallorum	"Double beam"; whiplash tail.	33 / 5	16,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Lucas et al./2006	Albuquerque / USA / New Mexico / Morrison Formation	Semi-truck; "Seismosaurus."
Diplodocidae	Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis	Toothless skull; diplodocoid?	12 est. / 4	8,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Nowinski/1971	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Rhino-sized; edentulous beak.

Ornithopods Classification Overview

Ornithopods (Infraorder Ornithopoda within Cerapoda) are bipedal-to-quadrupedal herbivores known for their beaks, cheek teeth batteries, and efficient chewing—evolving from small runners to massive duck-billed herds. Dominant from the Early Jurassic (~200 Ma) to the end-Cretaceous (~66 Ma), they were the most successful plant-eaters after sauropods, thriving in diverse habitats. The query divides them into primitive small forms (fabrosaurids, hypsilophodontids), mid-sized browsers (camptosaurids, iguanodontids), and advanced hadrosaurids (duckbills) split into solid-crested (hadrosaurines) and hollow-crested (lambeosaurines).

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Order	Ornithischia	"Bird-hipped" dinosaurs.
Suborder	Cerapoda	Beaked, advanced ornithischians.
Infraorder	Ornithopoda	"Bird-footed"; bipedal/quadrupedal herbivores with dental batteries and keratin beaks.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Fabrosauridae	Abrictosaurus consors	"Open-mouthed"; no tusks (female?).	1.2 / 0.5	5	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Hettangian	Hopson/1975	Qacha's Nek / Lesotho / Qacha's Nek / Upper Elliot Formation	Rabbit-sized; sexual dimorphism?
Fabrosauridae	Echinodon becklesii	Spiky teeth; robust jaws.	0.6 / 0.3	2	Herbivore/omnivore	Early Cretaceous / Berriasian	Owen/1861	Purbeck / UK / Dorset / Purbeck Group	Squirrel-sized; heterodont kin.
Fabrosauridae	Fabrosaurus australis	"Fabre's lizard"; fragmentary.	1 / 0.4	3	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Hettangian	Ginsburg/1964	Quthing / Lesotho / Quthing / Upper Elliot Formation	Cat-sized; basal type.
Fabrosauridae	Heterodontosaurus tucki	Tusked grazer; hand-foraging.	1.2 / 0.5	5	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Hettangian	Crompton & Charig/1962	Herschel / South Africa / Eastern Cape / Upper Elliot Formation	Rabbit-sized; cheek pouches?
Fabrosauridae	Lesothosaurus diagnosticus	"Diagnostic lizard"; agile runner.	1 / 0.5	2	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Sinemurian	Galton/1978	Mafeteng / Lesotho / Mafeteng / Upper Elliot Formation	Rabbit-sized; herd evidence.
Fabrosauridae	Scutellosaurus lawleri	Armored biped; scutes on back.	1.2 / 0.6	10	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Sinemurian	Colbert/1981	Third Canyon / USA / Arizona / Kayenta Formation	Dog-sized; thyreophoran kin.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Hypsilophodontidae	Callovosaurus leedsi	"Leeds' lizard"; slender limbs.	2.5 / 1	20	Herbivore	Middle Jurassic / Callovian	Ruiz-Omeñaca et al./2006	Oxford Clay / UK / Cambridgeshire / Oxford Clay Formation	Goat-sized; syn. Callovosaurus.
Hypsilophodontidae	Dryosaurus elderae	"Tree lizard"; speedy juvenile.	3 / 1.2	80	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Marsh/1894	Bone Cabin / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Pony-sized; herd runner.
Hypsilophodontidae	Fulgurotherium australe	"Lightning beast"; Australian dwarf.	1.5 / 0.6	10	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Huene/1932	Lightning Ridge / Australia / New South Wales / Griman Creek Formation	Turkey-sized; opalized teeth.
Hypsilophodontidae	Nanosaurus agilis	"Dwarf lizard"; lightweight.	1.5 / 0.6	10	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Marsh/1877	Garden Park / USA / Colorado / Morrison Formation	Turkey-sized; syn. Othnielosaurus.
Hypsilophodontidae	Parksosaurus warreni	Late survivor; robust build.	2.5 / 1	50	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Parks/1926	Tolman / Canada / Alberta / Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Dog-sized; northern holdout.
Hypsilophodontidae	Thescelosaurus garbanii	"Wonderful lizard"; skin impressions.	3.5 / 1.2	300	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Gilmore/1913	Lance / USA / Wyoming / Lance Formation	Cow-sized; "heart" fossil debated.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Camptosauridae	Camptosaurus dispar	"Bent lizard"; strong forelimbs.	6 / 2.5	1,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Marsh/1879	Como Bluff / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Rhino-sized; transitional form.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Iguanodontidae	Iguanodon bernissartensis	"Iguana tooth"; upright posture.	11.9 / 4.2	3,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Barremian	Boulenger/1881	Bernissart / Belgium / Hainaut / Bernissart Formation	Elephant-sized; Crystal Palace icon.
Iguanodontidae	Muttaburrasaurus langdoni	Hollow snout; Australian.	8 / 3	2,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Bartholomai & Molnar/1981	Muttaburra / Australia / Queensland / Mackunda Formation	Cow-sized; nasal chamber.
Iguanodontidae	Ouranosaurus nigeriensis	Sail-backed; humped display.	7 / 2.5	4,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Taquet/1976	Elrhaz / Niger / Agadez / Elrhaz Formation	Rhino-sized; thermoregulation sail.
Iguanodontidae	Probactrosaurus gobiensis	"Before Bactrosaurus"; slender.	5 / 2	500	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Rozhdestvensky/1966	Dashuiguo / China / Inner Mongolia / Dashuiguo Formation	Horse-sized; hadrosaur ancestor.
Iguanodontidae	Tenontosaurus dossi	"Sinew lizard"; Deinonychus prey.	6.5 / 2.5	1,500	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Winkler et al./1997	Paluxy / USA / Texas / Twin Mountains Formation	Bison-sized; pack-hunted.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Hadrosauridae	Aralosaurus tuberiferus	"Aral tuber"; nasal bump.	8 / 3	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Santonian	Rozhdestvensky/1968	Aral / Kazakhstan / Kyzylorda / Beleuta Formation	Cow-sized; Central Asian.
Hadrosauridae	Brachylophosaurus canadensis	"Short-crested"; mummy skin.	9 / 3.5	4,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Sternberg/1953	Judith River / Canada / Alberta / Judith River Formation	Rhino-sized; preserved soft tissue.
Hadrosauridae	Edmontosaurus regalis	"Royal Edmonton"; flat head.	13 / 4.5	4,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Lambe/1917	Red Deer / Canada / Alberta / Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Bus-length; mass death beds.
Hadrosauridae	Gryposaurus latidens	"Hook-nosed"; deep snout.	9 / 3.5	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Brown/1916	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; nasal arch.
Hadrosauridae	Hadrosaurus foulkii	First mounted dino; upright.	7 / 3	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Leidy/1858	Haddonfield / USA / New Jersey / Woodbury Formation	Cow-sized; East Coast type.
Hadrosauridae	Kritosaurus navajovius	"Separated lizard"; Roman nose.	9 / 3.5	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Brown/1910	Ojo Alamo / USA / New Mexico / Kirtland Formation	Cow-sized; crestless.
Hadrosauridae	Maiasaura peeblesorum	"Good mother"; nesting colonies.	9 / 3.5	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Horner & Makela/1979	Two Medicine / USA / Montana / Two Medicine Formation	Rhino-sized; hatchling care.
Hadrosauridae	Prosaurolophus maximus	"Before Saurolophus"; small crest.	7 / 3	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Brown/1916	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Horse-sized; early crest.
Hadrosauridae	Shantungosaurus giganteus	Largest ornithopod; herd giant.	16 / 5	16,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Hu/1973	Zhucheng / China / Shandong / Wangshi Group	Whale-sized; Chinese colossus.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Hadrosauridae	Bactrosaurus johnsoni	"Club lizard"; primitive crest.	6 / 2.5	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Turonian	Gilmore/1933	Iren Dabasu / China / Inner Mongolia / Iren Nor Formation	Bison-sized; Asian early.
Hadrosauridae	Corythosaurus casuarius	"Helmet lizard"; round crest.	9 / 4	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Brown/1914	Red Deer / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Elephant-sized; voice box.
Hadrosauridae	Hypacrosaurus stebingeri	"High-crested"; juvenile growth.	9 / 3.5	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Brown/1913	Two Medicine / USA / Montana / Two Medicine Formation	Rhino-sized; nested herds.
Hadrosauridae	Jaxartosaurus aralensis	"Aral lizard"; hatchet crest.	9 / 3.5	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Santonian	Riabinin/1939	Aral / Kazakhstan / Kyzylorda / Syuksyuk Formation	Rhino-sized; Central Asian.
Hadrosauridae	Lambeosaurus magnicristatus	"Large crested"; sail-like.	12 / 4.5	5,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Parks/1923	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Elephant-sized; display crest.
Hadrosauridae	Magnapaulia laticaudus	"Large Paul"; wide tail.	15.5 / 5.5	5,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Prieto-Márquez et al./2012	El Rosario / Mexico / Baja California / El Gallo Formation	Elephant-sized; Mexican giant.
Hadrosauridae	Nipponosaurus sachalinensis	"Japan lizard"; juvenile crest.	7 / 3	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Santonian	Nagao/1936	Sakhalin / Russia / Sakhalin / Yezo Group	Cow-sized; Russian island.
Hadrosauridae	Parasaurolophus walkeri	"Trumpet lizard"; long tube.	10 / 4	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Parks/1922	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Elephant-sized; trombone call.
Hadrosauridae	Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus	"Rooster crest"; upright spike.	8 / 3	2,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Young/1958	Tsinta / China / Shandong / Wangshi Group	Cow-sized; debated "unicorn."

Four-Legged Ornithischians Classification Overview

Four-legged ornithischians (Suborder Thyreophora + Infraorder Ceratopsia within Ornithischia) are heavily armored or horned quadrupedal herbivores, evolving from bipedal ancestors in the Early Jurassic (~200 Ma) and dominating Late Jurassic–Cretaceous landscapes until extinction (~66 Ma). Thyreophorans ("shield-bearers") feature bony plates/scutes for defense; ceratopsians ("horned faces") developed frills, horns, and shearing beaks for social display and browsing. Pachycephalosaurids ("thick-headed") are bipedal but included here per query as dome-headed relatives. All were low-to-mid browsers with strong jaws and gut fermentation.

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Order	Ornithischia	"Bird-hipped" dinosaurs.
Suborder	Thyreophora or Marginocephalia	Armored tanks vs. domed/horned browsers.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Pachycephalosauridae	Alaskacephale gangloffi	Alaskan dome; short frill.	2 / 1	20	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Sullivan/2006	Prince Creek / USA / Alaska / Prince Creek Formation	Goat-sized; northern dome.
Pachycephalosauridae	Brontotholus harmoni	"Thunder dome"; robust nodes.	2.5 / 1	40	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Evans et al./2023	Kaiparowits / USA / Utah / Kaiparowits Formation	Pony-sized; recent rename.
Pachycephalosauridae	Gravitholus albertae	"Heavy dome"; tall skull.	3 / 1.2	50	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Wall & Galton/1979	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Human waist-height; Canadian.
Pachycephalosauridae	Homalocephale calathocercos	Flat-headed; wide pelvis.	3 / 1	40	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Maryańska & Osmólska/1974	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Pony-sized; possible female.
Pachycephalosauridae	Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis	Iconic battering ram; rostral bosses.	4.5 / 1.5	450	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Brown & Schlaikjer/1943	Hell Creek / USA / Montana / Hell Creek Formation	Bison-sized; head-butt scars.
Pachycephalosauridae	Sphaerotholus goodwini	"Ball dome"; small nodes.	2 / 0.8	20	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Williamson & Carr/2002	Kirtland / USA / New Mexico / Kirtland Formation	Goat-sized; speedy rammer.
Pachycephalosauridae	Stegoceras validum	"Horn roof"; classic dome.	2.5 / 1	30	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lambe/1902	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Dog-sized; flock evidence.
Pachycephalosauridae	Stygimoloch spinifer	"Thorny devil"; spiked frill.	3 / 1.2	80	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Galton & Sues/1983	Hell Creek / USA / Wyoming / Hell Creek Formation	Pony-sized; juvenile Pachy?
Pachycephalosauridae	Tylocephale gilmorei	"Swollen head"; tall dome.	2 / 0.8	20	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Maryańska & Osmólska/1974	Barun Goyot / Mongolia / Gobi / Barun Goyot Formation	Goat-sized; Asian high-dome.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Psittacosauridae	Psittacosaurus meileyingensis	Bristled "parrot"; long quills.	2 / 0.7	20	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Sereno et al./1988	Yixian / China / Liaoning / Yixian Formation	Human-height; feathered kin.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Protoceratopsidae	Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi	Small frill; juvenile-like.	1 / 0.5	5	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Maryańska & Osmólska/1975	Khermeen Tsav / Mongolia / Gobi / Barun Goyot Formation	Turkey-sized; growth series.
Protoceratopsidae	Leptoceratops gracilis	Slender browser; no horns.	2 / 0.8	20	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Brown/1914	Scollard / Canada / Alberta / Scollard Formation	Goat-sized; late survivor.
Protoceratopsidae	Microceratus gobiensis	Tiny frilled; early form.	0.8 / 0.3	2	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Bohlin/1953	Gobi / China / Gansu / Tugulu Group	Cat-sized; dwarf ceratopsian.
Protoceratopsidae	Montanoceratops cerorhynchus	Nasal boss; robust.	2.5 / 1	200	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Sternberg/1951	Judith River / USA / Montana / Judith River Formation	Pony-sized; debated family.
Protoceratopsidae	Protoceratops hellenikorhinus	"First horned"; egg-nester.	1.8 / 0.8	15	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Granger & Gregory/1923	Djadochta / Mongolia / Gobi / Djadochta Formation	Sheep-sized; Oviraptor prey.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Ceratopsidae	Anchiceratops ornatus	Long frill spikes; low browser.	5 / 2	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Brown/1914	Red Deer / Canada / Alberta / Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Bison-sized; ornate epoccipitals.
Ceratopsidae	Arrhinoceratops brachyops	Short face; robust build.	6 / 2.5	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Parks/1925	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Buffalo-sized; noseless.
Ceratopsidae	Chasmosaurus belli	Open frill windows; deep hooks.	5 / 2	1,200	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lambe/1914	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Bison-sized; "chasm" gaps.
Ceratopsidae	Pentaceratops sternbergii	Five-horned; massive frill.	7 / 4.3	3,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Osborn/1923	Kirtland / USA / New Mexico / Kirtland Formation	Elephant-sized; Texas giant.
Ceratopsidae	Torosaurus latus	Perforated frill; elderly Triceratops?	7 / 3	6,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Marsh/1891	Lance / USA / Wyoming / Lance Formation	Elephant-sized; holey shield.
Ceratopsidae	Triceratops horridus	Three-horned charger; brow batter.	9 / 3	6,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Marsh/1889	Hell Creek / USA / Montana / Hell Creek Formation	Rhino x3; iconic frill.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Ceratopsidae	Avaceratops lammersi	Juvenile short-frill; growth data.	2 / 1	200	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Dodson/1986	Judith River / USA / Montana / Judith River Formation	Pony-sized; young ceratopsid.
Ceratopsidae	Brachyceratops montanensis	Dwarf form; island effect?	1.5 / 0.7	50	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Gilmore/1917	Two Medicine / USA / Montana / Two Medicine Formation	Dog-sized; juvenile debate.
Ceratopsidae	Centrosaurus apertus	Single nasal horn; herd bonebeds.	6 / 2.5	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lambe/1904	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; spike hooks.
Ceratopsidae	Ceratops montanus	"Horned face"; fragmentary.	6 est. / 2.5	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Marsh/1888	Judith River / USA / Montana / Judith River Formation	Rhino-sized; type genus.
Ceratopsidae	Diabloceratops eatoni	"Devil horned"; early centrosaur.	5 / 2	1,200	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Kirkland et al./2010	Wahweap / USA / Utah / Wahweap Formation	Bison-sized; paired horns.
Ceratopsidae	Medusaceratops lokii	"Medusa face"; wavy frill.	5 / 2	1,200	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Ryan et al./2010	Judith River / USA / Montana / Judith River Formation	Bison-sized; snake-like edges.
Ceratopsidae	Nasutoceratops titusi	Big-nosed; cowboy horns.	4.5 / 2	1,200	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Sampson et al./2013	Kaiparowits / USA / Utah / Kaiparowits Formation	Cow-sized; curved brows.
Ceratopsidae	Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai	Thick-nosed boss; no horns.	5 / 2	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Sternberg/1950	Wapiti / Canada / Alberta / Wapiti Formation; Laramie / USA / Colorado / Laramie Formation	Bison-sized; nasal paddle.
Ceratopsidae	Styracosaurus ovatus	Spiked rosette; nasal spear.	5.5 / 2.5	2,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lambe/1913	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; "spiked lizard."

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Scelidosauridae	Scelidosaurus harrisonii	"Limb lizard"; keeled plates.	4 / 1.5	300	Herbivore	Early Jurassic / Sinemurian	Owen/1861	Charmouth / UK / Dorset / Lower Lias	Horse-sized; complete armor.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Stegosauridae	Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis	Primitive plates; small size.	4 / 1.5	400	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Oxfordian	Dong et al./1983	Shangshaximiao / China / Chongqing / Shangshaximiao Formation	Horse-sized; Asian basal.
Stegosauridae	Dacentrurus armatus	Spiked tail; paired plates.	8 / 3	4,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Lucas/1902	Kimmeridge / UK / Dorset / Kimmeridge Clay	Bus-length; British steg.
Stegosauridae	Hesperosaurus mjosi	Western plates; broad back.	6.5 / 2.5	3,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Carpenter et al./2001	Morrison / USA / Wyoming / Morrison Formation	Elephant-sized; Morrison kin.
Stegosauridae	Huayangosaurus taibaii	Shoulder spikes; early form.	4.5 / 1.5	500	Herbivore	Middle Jurassic / Bathonian	Dong et al./1982	Dashanpu / China / Sichuan / Xiashaximiao Formation	Cow-sized; pre-Stegosaurus.
Stegosauridae	Kentrosaurus aethiopicus	Spiked sails; African.	4.5 / 2	1,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Hennig/1915	Tendaguru / Tanzania / Lindi / Tendaguru Formation	Rhino-sized; tail/shoulder spikes.
Stegosauridae	Miragaia longicollum	Long-necked; 17 cervicals.	6 / 2.5	2,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Mateus et al./2009	Lourinhã / Portugal / Leiria / Lourinhã Formation	Cow-sized; giraffe-neck steg.
Stegosauridae	Stegosaurus stenops	Double-row plates; tiny brain.	9.3 / 3.5	5,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Marsh/1887	Garden Park / USA / Colorado / Morrison Formation	Bus-sized; thagomizer weapon.
Stegosauridae	Tuojiangosaurus multispinus	Multi-spined; plated back.	7 / 2.5	2,000	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Oxfordian	Dong et al./1977	Shangshaximiao / China / Sichuan / Shangshaximiao Formation	Elephant-sized; Chinese classic.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Nodosauridae	Acanthopholis horridus	"Horrid spines"; fragmentary.	5 / 1.5	1,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Huxley/1867	Cambridge / UK / Cambridgeshire / Cambridge Greensand	Cow-sized; spiky scutes.
Nodosauridae	Antarctopelta oliveroi	Antarctic armored; island form.	4 / 1.5	500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Gasparini et al./1987	James Ross / Antarctica / James Ross Island / Snow Hill Island Formation	Horse-sized; southernmost.
Nodosauridae	Dracopelta zbyszewskii	"Dragon shield"; Portuguese.	3 / 1	300	Herbivore	Late Jurassic / Tithonian	Galton/1980	Lourinhã / Portugal / Leiria / Lourinhã Formation	Pony-sized; early nodosaur.
Nodosauridae	Edmontonia rugosidens	"Wrinkled teeth"; neck spikes.	6 / 2	3,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Sternberg/1928	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; shoulder spines.
Nodosauridae	Gastonia lorriemcwhinneyae	Hip spikes; low grazer.	5 / 1.5	1,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Barremian	Kirkland/1998	Cedar Mountain / USA / Utah / Cedar Mountain Formation	Cow-sized; predator scars.
Nodosauridae	Hylaeosaurus armatus	"Forest lizard"; early find.	5 / 1.5	1,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Valanginian	Mantell/1833	Tilgate / UK / West Sussex / Wealden Group	Rhino-sized; Crystal Palace.
Nodosauridae	Nodosaurus textilis	"Node lizard"; keeled scutes.	5.5 / 1.5	1,500	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Marsh/1889	Frontier / USA / Wyoming / Frontier Formation	Cow-sized; gut contents.
Nodosauridae	Panoplosaurus mirus	"Full armor"; tank-like.	5 / 1.5	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lambe/1919	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; "panoply."
Nodosauridae	Polacanthus foxii	Sacral shield; island spikes.	5 / 1.5	1,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Barremian	Hulke/1881	Isle of Wight / UK / Hampshire / Wessex Formation	Cow-sized; pelvic plate.
Nodosauridae	Sauropelta edwardsorum	"Lizard shield"; long neck.	5 / 1.5	1,000	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Ostrom/1970	Cloverly / USA / Montana / Cloverly Formation	Horse-sized; cervical spines.
Nodosauridae	Struthiosaurus austriacus	Dwarf European; fragmented.	2 / 0.8	100	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Bunzel/1871	Muthmannsdorf / Austria / Lower Austria / Grünbach Formation	Pony-sized; island dwarf.

Family	Species	Description	Length (m) / Height (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Ankylosauridae	Ankylosaurus magniventris	"Fused lizard"; tail club.	10 / 3.2	6,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Brown/1908	Hell Creek / USA / Montana / Hell Creek Formation	Bus-wide; living tank.
Ankylosauridae	Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus	"Double armor"; sharp scutes.	5 / 1.5	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Parks/1924	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; syn. Euoplocephalus.
Ankylosauridae	Euoplocephalus tutus	"Good skull"; eye armor.	6 / 2	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Lambe/1910	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; tail club.
Ankylosauridae	Minmi paravertebra	"Minimal"; gut armor stones.	3 / 1	300	Herbivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Molnar/1980	Bungil / Australia / Queensland / Allaru Mudstone	Pony-sized; Aussie dwarf.
Ankylosauridae	Minotaurasaurus ramachandrani	"Minotaur"; ornate skull.	4 / 1.5	500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Miles & Miles/2009	Djadochta / Mongolia / Gobi / Djadochta Formation	Horse-sized; controversial trade.
Ankylosauridae	Saichania chulsanensis	Desert tank; fused eyelids.	5 / 1.5	1,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Maryańska/1977	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Cow-sized; Gobi fortress.
Ankylosauridae	Scolosaurus thronus	"Spike lizard"; robust club.	6 / 2	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Nopcsa/1928	Dinosaur Park / Canada / Alberta / Dinosaur Park Formation	Rhino-sized; syn. Oohkotokia.
Ankylosauridae	Talarurus plicatospineus	"Wicker tail"; spiked.	6 / 2	2,000	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Santonian	Maleev/1952	Bayan Shireh / Mongolia / Gobi / Bayan Shireh Formation	Elephant-sized; ornate armor.
Ankylosauridae	Tarchia teresae	"Young brain"; large club.	6 / 2	2,500	Herbivore	Late Cretaceous / Campanian	Evgenyevna/1977	Nemegt / Mongolia / Gobi / Nemegt Formation	Rhino-sized; smooth scutes.

Flying Reptiles Classification Overview

Pterosaurs (Order Pterosauria) are the first vertebrates to achieve powered flight, evolving in the Late Triassic (~220 Ma) and soaring until the end-Cretaceous (~66 Ma). Not dinosaurs but close archosaur relatives, they feature elongated fourth fingers supporting wing membranes (patagia), lightweight hollow bones, and often crests or teeth for display/feeding. Divided into basal long-tailed Rhamphorhynchoidea (small insectivores/fishers) and derived short-tailed Pterodactyloidea (larger, diverse filter-feeders to giants). Global distribution, from coastal to inland.

Level	Classification	Description/Meaning
Kingdom	Animalia	Multicellular, motile animals.
Phylum	Chordata	Vertebrates with a backbone.
Class	Reptilia	Scaled, amniotic reptiles.
Clade	Archosauria	Ruling reptiles including dinos/birds.
Order	Pterosauria	"Wing lizards"; flying reptiles with membrane wings, pycnofibers (fur-like).

Suborder/Family	Species	Description	Wingspan (m) / Length (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Eudimorphodontidae	Eudimorphodon ranzii	Multi-cusped teeth; fish-catcher.	1 / 0.7	0.5	Piscivore	Late Triassic / Norian	Zambelli/1973	Cene / Italy / Lombardy / Calcare di Zorzino	Pigeon-wing; early flyer.
Dimorphodontidae	Caelestiventus hanseni	"Heavenly wind"; desert dweller.	1.5 / 0.8	1	Insectivore/piscivore	Late Triassic / Norian	Britt et al./2018	Saints & Sinners / USA / Utah / Nugget Sandstone	Crow-sized; North American basal.
Dimorphodontidae	Dimorphodon macronyx	"Two-form tooth"; robust skull.	1.4 / 0.7	1	Insectivore	Early Jurassic / Sinemurian	Buckland/1829	Lyme Regis / UK / Dorset / Blue Lias	Magpie-sized; puffed chest.
Campylognathoididae	Bergamodactylus wildi	Curved jaw; lightweight.	0.8 / 0.4	0.2	Insectivore	Late Triassic / Norian	Dalla Vecchia/2019	Cene / Italy / Lombardy / Dolomia di Forni	Sparrow-sized; syn. Eudimorphodon sp.
Anurognathidae	Anurognathus ammoni	Frog-faced; wide mouth.	0.5 / 0.1	0.05	Insectivore	Late Jurassic / Tithonian	Döderlein/1923	Solnhofen / Germany / Bavaria / Solnhofen Limestone	Hummingbird-sized; night hunter.
Anurognathidae	Sinomacrops bondei	Chinese frog; large eyes.	0.6 / 0.15	0.1	Insectivore	Middle Jurassic / Callovian	Wei et al./2021	Daohugou / China / Inner Mongolia / Tiaojishan Formation	Bat-sized; pycnofibers.
Rhamphorhynchidae	Dearc sgiathanach	"Winged reptile"; Isle of Skye.	2.5 / 1	2	Piscivore	Middle Jurassic / Bathonian	Jagielska et al./2022	Lealt Shale / UK / Scotland / Lonfearn Member	Albatross-wing; largest Jurassic.
Rhamphorhynchidae	Dorygnathus banthensis	Spear-jaw; long teeth.	1.5 / 0.8	1	Piscivore	Early Jurassic / Toarcian	Theodori/1830	Holzmaden / Germany / Baden-Württemberg / Posidonia Shale	Gull-sized; fish skewer.
Rhamphorhynchidae	Rhamphorhynchus etchesi	Hook-beak; diamond tail vane.	1.8 / 0.7	1	Piscivore	Late Jurassic / Tithonian	Etches & Clarke/2011	Kimmeridge / UK / Dorset / Kimmeridge Clay	Kite-sized; tail rudder.
Rhamphorhynchidae	Scaphognathus crassirostris	Boat-jaw; robust.	1 / 0.5	0.5	Insectivore/piscivore	Late Jurassic / Kimmeridgian	Goldfuss/1831	Solnhofen / Germany / Bavaria / Solnhofen Limestone	Pigeon-sized; strong bite.

Suborder/Family	Species	Description	Wingspan (m) / Length (m est.)	Weight (kg est.)	Diet	Period/Epoch/Stage	Author/Year	Location (Area/Country/Region/Formation)	Details/Size Comparison
Ctenochasmatidae	Ctenochasma taqueti	Comb-teeth; filter-feeder.	1.5 / 0.8	1	Filter (plankton)	Late Jurassic / Tithonian	Taquet/2003	Solnhofen / Germany / Bavaria / Solnhofen Limestone	Flamingo-like; needle teeth.
Ctenochasmatidae	Liaodactylus primus	Chinese comb; long snout.	1.2 / 0.6	0.5	Filter	Late Jurassic / Oxfordian	Zhou/2017	Tiaojishan / China / Liaoning / Tiaojishan Formation	Heron-sized; juvenile skull.
Ctenochasmatidae	Tacuadactylus luciae	Brazilian filter; dense teeth.	1 / 0.5	0.3	Filter	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Campos/2021	Crato / Brazil / Ceará / Crato Formation	Stork-like; lagoon feeder.
Istiodactylidae	Istiodactylus sinensis	Sail-tooth; scissor bite.	5 / 2	20	Scavenger/carnivore	Early Cretaceous / Barremian	Andres & Ji/2008	Yixian / China / Liaoning / Yixian Formation	Eagle-wing x5; duck-bill kin.
Istiodactylidae	Nurhachius luei	Crested scavenger; triangular teeth.	2.5 / 1	5	Carnivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Wang et al./2005	Yixian / China / Liaoning / Yixian Formation	Condor-sized; bony crest.
Ornithocheiridae	Anhanguera blittersdorffi	Crested fisher; rounded tip.	5 / 2	20	Piscivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Veldmeijer/2003	Santana / Brazil / Ceará / Romualdo Formation	Pelican-wing; jaw rosette.
Ornithocheiridae	Cearadactylus atrox	"Ceará finger"; deep jaws.	5.5 / 2.5	25	Piscivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Leonardi & Borgomanero/1985	Araripe / Brazil / Ceará / Santana Formation	Albatross x2; large crest.
Ornithocheiridae	Maaradactylus spielbergi	Spielberg's; tall crest.	6 / 2.5	30	Piscivore	Early Cretaceous / Aptian	Bantim et al./2014	Romualdo / Brazil / Ceará / Romualdo Formation	Hang-glider; named for director.
Ornithocheiridae	Ornithocheirus simus	"Bird hand"; keel crest.	5 / 2	20	Piscivore	Early Cretaceous / Albian	Owen/1861	Cambridge / UK / Cambridgeshire / Cambridge Greensand	Eagle x10; type species.
Nyctosauridae	Nyctosaurus gracilis	"Night lizard"; hatchet crest.	3 / 1	2	Piscivore	Late Cretaceous / Coniacian	Marsh/1876	Niobrara / USA / Kansas / Niobrara Chalk	Frigatebird-sized; no fingers.
Pteranodontidae	Pteranodon sternbergi	"Wing without tooth"; long crest.	7 / 3	20	Piscivore	Late Cretaceous / Coniacian	Harksen/1966	Niobrara / USA / Kansas / Niobrara Chalk	Small plane; male display.
Azhdarchidae	Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni	Aztec god; giant stork-like.	10–12 / 5	200–250	Carnivore (small prey)	Late Cretaceous / Maastrichtian	Lawson/1975	Javelina / USA / Texas / Javelina Formation	Giraffe-height; largest flyer.

Master Pterosaur Chart

(All rows highlighted for expansion)

Classification Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Dimorphodontidae	Dimorphodon macronyx	Early Jurassic	England	Medium (1.5 m wingspan)	Insectivore / carnivore	Lyme Regis	Europe	Jurassic
Eudimorphodontidae	Eudimorphodon ranzii	Late Triassic	Italy	Small (1 m wingspan)	Insectivore	Zorzino Limestone	Europe	Triassic
Rhamphorhynchidae	Anurognathus ammoni	Late Jurassic	Germany	Very small (0.5 m wingspan)	Insectivore	Solnhofen	Europe	Jurassic
Rhamphorhynchidae	Rhamphorhynchus etches	Late Jurassic	Germany	Medium (1.8 m wingspan)	Piscivore	Solnhofen	Europe	Jurassic
Rhamphorhynchidae	Scaphognathus crassirostris	Late Jurassic	Germany	Medium (1 m wingspan)	Insectivore / carnivore	Solnhofen	Europe	Jurassic
Rhamphorhynchidae	Sordes pilosus	Late Jurassic	Kazakhstan	Small (0.8 m wingspan)	Insectivore	Karatau	Asia	Jurassic
Dsungaripteridae	Dsungaripterus weii	Early Cretaceous	China	Medium (3 m wingspan)	Mollusc‑eater	Lianmuqin	Asia	Cretaceous
Pterodaustriidae	Pterodaustro guinazui	Early Cretaceous	Argentina	Medium (2.5 m wingspan)	Filter‑feeder	Lagarcito	South America	Cretaceous
Pterodactylidae	Arthurdactylus conandoylei	Early Cretaceous	Brazil	Medium (4.5 m wingspan)	Piscivore	Romualdo	South America	Cretaceous
Pterodactylidae	Cearadactylus atrox	Early Cretaceous	Brazil	Large (5 m wingspan)	Piscivore	Romualdo	South America	Cretaceous
Pterodactylidae	Pterodactylus antiquus	Late Jurassic	Germany	Small (1 m wingspan)	Piscivore / carnivore	Solnhofen	Europe	Jurassic
Ornithocheiridae	Pteranodon sternbergi	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (6–7 m wingspan)	Piscivore	Niobrara	North America	Cretaceous
Ornithocheiridae	Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni	Late Cretaceous	USA	Giant (10–13.5 m wingspan)	Carnivore / scavenger	Javelina	North America	Cretaceous

Order Saurischia — Suborder Theropoda (Chart Table 1/2)

Classification Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Coelophysidae	Coelophysis bauri	Late Triassic	USA	Small (3 m)	Carnivore	Chinle	North America	Triassic
Coelophysidae	Procompsognathus triassicus	Late Triassic	Germany	Very small (1 m)	Carnivore	Löwenstein	Europe	Triassic
Coelophysidae	Saltopus elginensis	Late Triassic	Scotland	Very small (1 m)	Carnivore	Lossiemouth	Europe	Triassic
Ceratosauridae	Ceratosaurus nasicornis	Late Jurassic	USA	Medium (6 m)	Carnivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Dilophosauridae	Dilophosaurus wetherilli	Early Jurassic	USA	Medium-large (7 m)	Carnivore	Kayenta	North America	Jurassic
Noasauridae	Elaphrosaurus bambergi	Late Jurassic	Tanzania	Medium (6 m)	Carnivore	Tendaguru	Africa	Jurassic
Noasauridae	Noasaurus leali	Late Cretaceous	Argentina	Small (2 m)	Carnivore	Lecho	South America	Cretaceous
Megalosauridae	Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis	Middle Jurassic	England	Medium (5 m)	Carnivore	Oxford Clay	Europe	Jurassic
Megalosauridae	Poekilopleuron bucklandii	Middle Jurassic	France	Medium-large (7 m)	Carnivore	Caen	Europe	Jurassic
Megalosauridae	Torvosaurus gurneyi	Late Jurassic	Portugal	Large (10 m)	Carnivore	Lourinhã	Europe	Jurassic
Carcharodontosauridae	Acrocanthosaurus atokensis	Early Cretaceous	USA	Large (11 m)	Carnivore	Antlers	North America	Cretaceous
Carcharodontosauridae	Giganotosaurus carolinii	Late Cretaceous	Argentina	Giant (12–14.5 m)	Carnivore	Candeleros	South America	Cretaceous
Allosauridae	Allosaurus europaeus	Late Jurassic	Portugal/USA	Large (11.8 m)	Carnivore	Lourinhã/Morrison	Europe/North America	Jurassic
Allosauridae	Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis	Late Jurassic	China	Large (10 m)	Carnivore	Shangshaximiao	Asia	Jurassic
Spinosauridae	Baryonyx walkeri	Early Cretaceous	England	Large (8 m)	Piscivore	Wealden	Europe	Cretaceous
Spinosauridae	Spinosaurus aegyptiacus	Late Cretaceous	Egypt	Giant (14–15 m)	Piscivore	Bahariya	Africa	Cretaceous
Tyrannosauridae	Albertosaurus sarcophagus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (9 m)	Carnivore	Horseshoe Canyon	North America	Cretaceous
Tyrannosauridae	Alioramus altai	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium (6 m)	Carnivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Tyrannosauridae	Daspletosaurus horneri	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (9 m)	Carnivore	Two Medicine	North America	Cretaceous
Tyrannosauridae	Tarbosaurus bataar	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Large (10 m)	Carnivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Tyrannosauridae	Tyrannosaurus rex	Late Cretaceous	USA	Giant (12–13 m)	Carnivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous
Coeluridae	Coelurus fragilis	Late Jurassic	USA	Small (2 m)	Carnivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Compsognathidae	Compsognathus longipes	Late Jurassic	Germany	Very small (1 m)	Carnivore	Solnhofen	Europe	Jurassic
Compsognathidae	Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis	Early Cretaceous	China	Small (1.2 m)	Carnivore	Yixian	Asia	Cretaceous
Proceratosauridae	Proceratosaurus bradleyi	Middle Jurassic	England	Small (3 m)	Carnivore	Forest Marble	Europe	Jurassic
Nanotyrannidae	Moros intrepidus	Early Cretaceous	USA	Small (1.5 m)	Carnivore	Cedar Mountain	North America	Cretaceous
Nanotyrannidae	Nanotyrannus lethaeus	Late Cretaceous	USA	Medium (5–6 m)	Carnivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous
Ornithomimidae	Dromiceiomimus samueli	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Medium (3.5 m)	Omnivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Ornithomimidae	Gallimimus bullatus	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium-large (6 m)	Omnivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Ornithomimidae	Ornithomimus velox	Late Cretaceous	USA	Medium (3.5 m)	Omnivore	Denver	North America	Cretaceous
Ornithomimidae	Struthiomimus altus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Medium (4 m)	Omnivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Deinocheiridae	Deinocheirus mirificus	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Large (11 m)	Omnivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Oviraptoridae	Avimimus nemegtensis	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Small (1.5 m)	Omnivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Oviraptoridae	Oviraptor philoceratops	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Small (2 m)	Omnivore	Djadokhta	Asia	Cretaceous
Therizinosauridae	Therizinosaurus cheloniformis	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Large (10 m)	Herbivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Saurornithoididae	Saurornithoides mongoliensis	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium (2 m)	Carnivore	Djadokhta	Asia	Cretaceous
Saurornithoididae	Stenonychosaurus inequalis	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Medium (2 m)	Carnivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Saurornithoididae	Troodon formosus	Late Cretaceous	USA/Canada	Medium (2.5 m)	Omnivore	Judith River	North America	Cretaceous
Dromaeosauridae	Bambiraptor feinbergi	Late Cretaceous	USA	Small (1 m)	Carnivore	Two Medicine	North America	Cretaceous
Dromaeosauridae	Dakotaraptor steini	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (5.5 m)	Carnivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous
Dromaeosauridae	Deinonychus antirrhopus	Early Cretaceous	USA	Medium (3.5 m)	Carnivore	Cloverly	North America	Cretaceous
Dromaeosauridae	Dromaeosaurus albertensis	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Medium (2 m)	Carnivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Dromaeosauridae	Saurornitholestes sullivani	Late Cretaceous	USA	Medium (2 m)	Carnivore	Kirtland	North America	Cretaceous
Dromaeosauridae	Velociraptor osmolskae	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium (2 m)	Carnivore	Bayan Mandahu	Asia	Cretaceous
Archaeopterygidae	Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi	Late Jurassic	Germany	Small (0.5 m)	Carnivore	Solnhofen	Europe	Jurassic

Order Saurischia — Suborder Sauropodomorpha (Chart Table 2/2)

Classification Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Herrerasauridae	Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis	Late Triassic	Argentina	Medium (4–6 m)	Carnivore	Ischigualasto	South America	Triassic
Herrerasauridae	Smurfette smurfensis	Fictional	Fictional locality (Belgium)	Small (0.22 m)	Omnivore	Fictional	Europe	Triassic to Present
Herrerasauridae	Staurikosaurus pricei	Late Triassic	Brazil	Small (2 m)	Carnivore	Santa Maria	South America	Triassic
Anchisauridae	Anchisaurus polyzelus	Early Jurassic	USA	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	Portland	North America	Jurassic
Anchisauridae	Efraasia minor	Late Triassic	Germany	Medium (4 m)	Herbivore	Löwenstein	Europe	Triassic
Anchisauridae	Eoraptor lunensis	Late Triassic	Argentina	Small (1 m)	Omnivore	Ischigualasto	South America	Triassic
Anchisauridae	Thecodontosaurus antiquus	Late Triassic	England	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	Magnesian Conglomerate	Europe	Triassic
Plateosauridae	Massospondylus kaalae	Early Jurassic	South Africa	Medium (4 m)	Herbivore	Upper Elliot	Africa	Jurassic
Plateosauridae	Mussaurus patagonicus	Early Jurassic	Argentina	Medium (6 m)	Herbivore	Laguna Colorada	South America	Jurassic
Plateosauridae	Plateosaurus gracilis	Late Triassic	Germany	Medium-large (7 m)	Herbivore	Löwenstein	Europe	Triassic
Melanorosauridae	Riojasaurus incertus	Late Triassic	Argentina	Large (10 m)	Herbivore	Los Colorados	South America	Triassic
Cetiosauridae	Barapasaurus tagorei	Early Jurassic	India	Large (12 m)	Herbivore	Kota	Asia	Jurassic
Cetiosauridae	Cetiosaurus oxoniensis	Middle Jurassic	England	Large (16 m)	Herbivore	Oxford Clay	Europe	Jurassic
Brachiosauridae	Brachiosaurus altithorax	Late Jurassic	USA/India	Giant (25 m)	Herbivore	Morrison/Kota	Asia/North America	Jurassic
Brachiosauridae	Sauroposeidon proteles	Early Cretaceous	USA	Giant (30 m)	Herbivore	Antlers	North America	Cretaceous
Camarasauridae	Camarasaurus supremus	Late Jurassic	USA	Large (20 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Camarasauridae	Euhelopus zdanskyi	Early Cretaceous	China	Large (15 m)	Herbivore	Mengyin	Asia	Cretaceous
Camarasauridae	Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Large (12 m)	Herbivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Diplodocidae	Apatosaurus ajax	Late Jurassic	USA	Giant (23 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Diplodocidae	Dicraeosaurus sattleri	Late Jurassic	Tanzania	Medium-large (12 m)	Herbivore	Tendaguru	Africa	Jurassic
Diplodocidae	Diplodocus hallorum	Late Jurassic	USA	Giant (30 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Diplodocidae	Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum	Late Jurassic	China	Giant (26 m)	Herbivore	Shishugou	Asia	Jurassic
Diplodocidae	Supersaurus vivianae	Late Jurassic	USA	Giant (39 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Titanosauridae	Alamosaurus sanjuanensis	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (21 m)	Herbivore	Ojo Alamo	North America	Cretaceous
Titanosauridae	Dreadnoughtus schrani	Late Cretaceous	Argentina	Giant (26 m)	Herbivore	Cerro Fortaleza	South America	Cretaceous
Titanosauridae	Saltasaurus loricatus	Late Cretaceous	Argentina	Medium-large (12 m)	Herbivore	Lecho	South America	Cretaceous

Order Ornithischia — Suborder Cerapoda (Chart Table 1/2)

Classification Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Fabrosauridae	Lesothosaurus diagnosticus	Early Jurassic	Lesotho	Small (1 m)	Herbivore	Upper Elliot	Africa	Jurassic
Fabrosauridae	Scutellosaurus lawleri	Early Jurassic	USA	Small (1.2 m)	Herbivore	Kayenta	North America	Jurassic
Heterodontosauridae	Echinodon becklesii	Early Cretaceous	England	Small (1 m)	Omnivore	Purbeck	Europe	Cretaceous
Heterodontosauridae	Heterodontosaurus tucki	Early Jurassic	South Africa	Small (1 m)	Omnivore	Upper Elliot	Africa	Jurassic
Heterodontosauridae	Pisanosaurus mertii	Late Triassic	Argentina	Small (1 m)	Herbivore	Ischigualasto	South America	Triassic
Hypsilophodontidae	Callovosaurus leedsi	Middle Jurassic	England	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	Oxford Clay	Europe	Jurassic
Hypsilophodontidae	Dryosaurus elderae	Late Jurassic	USA	Medium (3 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Hypsilophodontidae	Hypsilophodon foxii	Early Cretaceous	England	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	Wessex	Europe	Cretaceous
Hypsilophodontidae	Nanosaurus agilis	Late Jurassic	USA	Small (1.5 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Hypsilophodontidae	Parksosaurus warreni	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Small (2.5 m)	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon	North America	Cretaceous
Hypsilophodontidae	Thescelosaurus garbanii	Late Cretaceous	USA	Medium (3 m)	Herbivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous
Iguanodontidae	Camptosaurus dispar	Late Jurassic	USA	Medium-large (7 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Iguanodontidae	Iguanodon bernissartensis	Early Cretaceous	Belgium	Large (10 m)	Herbivore	Sainte-Barbe	Europe	Cretaceous
Iguanodontidae	Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis	Early Cretaceous	England	Medium-large (7 m)	Herbivore	Wessex	Europe	Cretaceous
Iguanodontidae	Muttaburrasaurus langdoni	Early Cretaceous	Australia	Large (8 m)	Herbivore	Mackunda	Australia	Cretaceous
Iguanodontidae	Ouranosaurus nigeriensis	Early Cretaceous	Niger	Large (7 m)	Herbivore	Elrhaz	Africa	Cretaceous
Iguanodontidae	Probactrosaurus gobiensis	Early Cretaceous	China	Medium-large (6 m)	Herbivore	Bayan Shireh	Asia	Cretaceous
Iguanodontidae	Tenontosaurus dossi	Early Cretaceous	USA	Medium-large (6 m)	Herbivore	Twin Mountains	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Anatotitan copei	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (14.5 m)	Herbivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Brachylophosaurus canadensis	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (9 m)	Herbivore	Judith River	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Corythosaurus casuarius	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (9 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Edmontosaurus regalis	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (12 m)	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Hadrosaurus foulkii	Late Cretaceous	USA	Medium-large (7 m)	Herbivore	Woodbury	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Hypacrosaurus stebingeri	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (9 m)	Herbivore	Two Medicine	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Kritosaurus navajovius	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (8 m)	Herbivore	Kirtland	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Lambeosaurus magnicristatus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (9 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Maiasaura peeblesorum	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (9 m)	Herbivore	Two Medicine	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Olorotitan arharensis	Late Cretaceous	Russia	Large (12 m)	Herbivore	Udurchukan	Asia	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Parasaurolophus walkeri	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (10 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Prosaurolophus maximus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (8 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Saurolophus osborni	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Large (9 m)	Herbivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Shantungosaurus giganteus	Late Cretaceous	China	Giant (15.5 m)	Herbivore	Wangshi	Asia	Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae	Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus	Late Cretaceous	China	Large (10 m)	Herbivore	Jingangkou	Asia	Cretaceous
Pachycephalosauridae	Homalocephale calathocercos	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium (2 m)	Herbivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Pachycephalosauridae	Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (4.5 m)	Herbivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous
Pachycephalosauridae	Prenocephale prenes	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium (2.5 m)	Herbivore	Nemegt	Asia	Cretaceous
Pachycephalosauridae	Stegoceras validum	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Medium (2.5 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Psittacosauridae	Psittacosaurus meileyingensis	Early Cretaceous	China	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	Yixian	Asia	Cretaceous
Protoceratopidae	Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Small (1.5 m)	Herbivore	Barun Goyot	Asia	Cretaceous
Protoceratopidae	Leptoceratops gracilis	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	Scollard	North America	Cretaceous
Protoceratopidae	Microceratus gobiensis	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Small (1 m)	Herbivore	Barun Goyot	Asia	Cretaceous
Protoceratopidae	Montanoceratops cerorhynchus	Late Cretaceous	USA	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	St. Mary River	North America	Cretaceous
Protoceratopidae	Protoceratops hellenikorhinus	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Small (2 m)	Herbivore	Djadokhta	Asia	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Anchiceratops ornatus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (6 m)	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Arrhinoceratops brachyops	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (6 m)	Herbivore	Horseshoe Canyon	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Avaceratops lammersi	Late Cretaceous	USA	Medium (4 m)	Herbivore	Judith River	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Centrosaurus apertus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (6 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Chasmosaurus belli	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (5 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Nasutoceratops titusi	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (6 m)	Herbivore	Kaiparowits	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai	Late Cretaceous	Canada/USA	Large (6 m)	Herbivore	Wapiti/Laramie	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Pentaceratops sternbergii	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (6 m)	Herbivore	Fruitland	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Styracosaurus ovatus	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (5.5 m)	Herbivore	Two Medicine	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Torosaurus latus	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (7 m)	Herbivore	Lance	North America	Cretaceous
Ceratopidae	Triceratops horridus	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (9 m)	Herbivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous

Order Ornithischia — Suborder Thyreophora (Chart Table 2/2)

Classification Clade	Name	Time	Locality	Size Comparison	Diet	Formation	Geographical	Geological
Huayangosauridae	Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis	Late Jurassic	China	Medium (4 m)	Herbivore	Shangshaximiao	Asia	Jurassic
Huayangosauridae	Huayangosaurus taibaii	Middle Jurassic	China	Medium (4.5 m)	Herbivore	Lower Shaximiao	Asia	Jurassic
Huayangosauridae	Lexovisaurus durobrivensis	Middle Jurassic	England	Medium (5 m)	Herbivore	Oxford Clay	Europe	Jurassic
Huayangosauridae	Tuojiangosaurus multispinus	Late Jurassic	China	Medium-large (7 m)	Herbivore	Upper Shaximiao	Asia	Jurassic
Stegosauridae	Dacentrurus armatus	Late Jurassic	England	Large (8 m)	Herbivore	Kimmeridge Clay	Europe	Jurassic
Stegosauridae	Kentrosaurus aethiopicus	Late Jurassic	Tanzania	Medium (4.5 m)	Herbivore	Tendaguru	Africa	Jurassic
Stegosauridae	Stegosaurus stenops	Late Jurassic	USA	Large (7–9.5 m)	Herbivore	Morrison	North America	Jurassic
Stegosauridae	Wuerhosaurus ordosensis	Early Cretaceous	China	Medium-large (6 m)	Herbivore	Ejinhoro	Asia	Cretaceous
Scelidosauridae	Scelidosaurus harrisonii	Early Jurassic	England	Medium (4 m)	Herbivore	Charmouth Mudstone	Europe	Jurassic
Nodosauridae	Hylaeosaurus armatus	Early Cretaceous	England	Medium-large (6 m)	Herbivore	Wadhurst Clay	Europe	Cretaceous
Nodosauridae	Nodosaurus textilis	Late Cretaceous	USA	Medium-large (5–6 m)	Herbivore	Frontier	North America	Cretaceous
Nodosauridae	Panoplosaurus mirus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Medium-large (6 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Nodosauridae	Polacanthus foxii	Early Cretaceous	England	Medium-large (5 m)	Herbivore	Wessex	Europe	Cretaceous
Nodosauridae	Sauropelta edwardsorum	Early Cretaceous	USA	Medium-large (6 m)	Herbivore	Cloverly	North America	Cretaceous
Nodosauridae	Silvisaurus condrayi	Early Cretaceous	USA	Medium (4 m)	Herbivore	Dakota	North America	Cretaceous
Nodosauridae	Struthiosaurus transylvanicus	Late Cretaceous	Romania	Medium (3 m)	Herbivore	Sânpetru	Europe	Cretaceous
Ankylosauridae	Ankylosaurus magniventris	Late Cretaceous	USA	Large (10.8 m)	Herbivore	Hell Creek	North America	Cretaceous
Ankylosauridae	Euoplocephalus tutus	Late Cretaceous	Canada	Large (6 m)	Herbivore	Dinosaur Park	North America	Cretaceous
Ankylosauridae	Saichania chulsanensis	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium-large (7 m)	Herbivore	Barun Goyot	Asia	Cretaceous
Ankylosauridae	Talarurus plicatospineus	Late Cretaceous	Mongolia	Medium-large (6 m)	Herbivore	Bayan Mandahu	Asia	Cretaceous

Prehistoric Reptiles (Based on At Home with Olaf by Hyrum Osmond)

Here is the comprehensive chart table based on the non-dinosaurian reptiles and marine reptiles traditionally included in the supplementary genus lists and appendixes of Thomas R. Holtz Jr.’s Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages (2007).

I have mapped out the taxonomy you provided, populated the exact paleobiology metrics (age, time, estimated sizes, locations, and original authors), and tied in the character context for Teodora from Legend Quest (Las Leyendas), where she acts as the team's tech-savvy Master of Myth.

Non-Dinosaurian Reptile & Marine Genus Chart

Family / Group	Name	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Protorothyrididae	Hylonomus lyelli (latidens)	"Forest dweller"	Late Carboniferous (~312 Ma)	Length: 20 cm (8 in) Weight: < 200 g	Nova Scotia, Canada	Dawson, 1860	"An ancient Canadian tiny lizard. Not a true monster, but basically the great-great-grandfather of all of them!"
Mesosauridae	Mesosaurus tenuidens	"Middle lizard"	Early Permian (~290–270 Ma)	Length: 1 m (3.3 ft) Weight: 2–5 kg	South Africa, Uruguay, Brazil	Gervais, 1865	"The first reptile to say 'nope' to land and swim back into the ocean. Handy little ghost to have around."
Plesiosauridae	Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus	"Near lizard"	Early Jurassic (~199–175 Ma)	Length: 3.5 m (11.5 ft) Weight: 450 kg	England	Conybeare, 1824	"The classic 'Loch Ness Monster' build! Those four giant flippers mean it practically flew underwater."
Cryptocleididae	Cryptoclidus richardsoni	"Hidden clavicle"	Middle Jurassic (~166–164 Ma)	Length: 3 m (13 ft) Weight: 300 kg	England, France	Seeley, 1892	"A long-necked hunter with interlocking teeth that acted like a cage. No fish escaped this specter."
Elasmosauridae	Elasmosaurus platyurus	"Thin-plate lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~80 Ma)	Length: 10.3 m (34 ft) Weight: 2 metric tons	Kansas, USA	Cope, 1868	"Okay, this neck is ridiculous. Literally over 70 neck vertebrae. Talk about prime internet meme material."
Pliosauridae	Attenborosaurus conybeari	"Attenborough's lizard"	Early Jurassic (~190 Ma)	Length: 5 m (16.4 ft) Weight: 1 metric ton	Dorset, England	Bakker, 1993	"Named after David Attenborough! A long neck but with a massive pliosaur attitude. Love it."
Pliosauridae	Kronosaurus queenslandicus	"Kornos lizard" (Titan)	Early Cretaceous (~120–100 Ma)	Length: 9–10.5 m (30–34 ft) Weight: 7–11 metric tons	Australia	Longman, 1924	"An absolute apex leviathan from Down Under. This monster ate other marine reptiles for breakfast."
Pliosauridae	Liopleurodon ferox	"Smooth-sided teeth"	Middle-Late Jurassic (~166–155 Ma)	Length: 5–7 m (16–23 ft) Weight: 1.5–3 metric tons	England, France	Sauvage, 1873	"The internet totally exaggerated its size, but it was still a terrifying phantom predator of the deep."
Nothosauridae	Nothosaurus giganteus	"False lizard"	Triassic (~240–210 Ma)	Length: 4–5 m (13–16 ft) Weight: 300–400 kg	Germany	Münster, 1834	"Like a prehistoric seal with a scary reptile makeover. It spent time on both beaches and waves."
Ichthyosauridae	Ichthyosaurus communis (conybeari)	"Fish lizard"	Early Jurassic (~200–188 Ma)	Length: 2–3.3 m (6.6–11 ft) Weight: 90–150 kg	England, Germany	De la Beche & Conybeare, 1821	"It looks exactly like a dolphin, but it's 100% reptile. Natural selection loves recycling good designs."
Mosasauridae	Mosasaurus beaugei	"Meuse River lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	Length: 8–40 m (26–130 ft) Weight: 2–40 metric tons	Morocco	Arambourg, 1952	"A giant sea monitor lizard with a shark-like tail. Literal nightmare fuel if it wasn't already extinct!"

💡 Key Paleontological Nuances:

• The "Sea Monster" Clarification: As Dr. Holtz emphasizes in his encyclopedia, none of these creatures are technically dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are strictly terrestrial reptiles belonging to a specific clade defined by their hip structures and an upright posture.
• The Marine Invaders: Plesiosaurs, Pliosaurs, Nothosaurs, Ichthyosaurs, and Mosasaurs represent completely different evolutionary lines of reptiles that independently invaded the oceans during the Mesozoic Era.

Here is the breakdown of the Pterosauria order structured around the classic Holtz (2007) format.

Like the marine reptiles, Dr. Thomas Holtz notes that pterosaurs are not dinosaurs. They are closely related "sister cousins" belonging to the broader group Ornithodira, meaning they share a common ancestor but split down their own incredible evolutionary line.

Because pterosaurs spend most of their time in the air or walking quadrupedally (on all fours), their size is best understood by wingspan rather than just standard body height or length.

Order Pterosauria Genus Chart

Suborder / Family	Genus & Species	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Wingspan / Height / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
RHAMPHORHYNCHOIDEA (Long-Tailed Pterosaurs)
Dimorphodontidae	Dimorphodon macronyx	"Two-form tooth"	Early Jurassic (~195–190 Ma)	Wingspan: 1.4 m (4.6 ft) Height: 30 cm (1 ft) Weight: 2–4 kg	England	Owen, 1859	"It has a puffin head and a lizard tail. Super clunky flyer, probably spent more time scrambling up trees than actually soaring."
Eudimorphodontidae	Eudimorphodon ranzii	"True dimorphic tooth"	Late Triassic (~210 Ma)	Wingspan: 1 m (3.3 ft) Height: 15 cm (0.5 ft) Weight: 100g	Italy	Zambelli, 1973	"One of the absolute oldest flyers we know of! Its mouth was packed with over 100 tiny teeth. Ultimate bug-zapper."
Rhamphorhynchidae	Anurognathus ammoni	"Without tail jaw"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	Wingspan: 50 cm (20 in) Height: 5 cm (2 in) Weight: 40 g	Germany	Döderlein, 1923	"Okay, this one completely cheated the 'long-tail' rule. It's just a tiny, fluffy ball of fury with giant frog-eyes for night hunting."
Rhamphorhynchidae	Rhamphorhynchus etchesi	"Beak snout"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	Wingspan: 1.2–1.8 m (4–6 ft) Height: 25 cm (10 in) Weight: 1–2 kg	England	O'Sullivan & Martill, 2015	"The classic needle-toothed fish grabber, but the English version! That diamond-shaped tail vane acted like a literal rudder."
Rhamphorhynchidae	Scaphognathus crassirostris	"Tub snout"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	Wingspan: 0.9 m (3 ft) Height: 20 cm (8 in) Weight: 500 g	Germany	Wagner, 1861	"Nicknamed the 'mouth-organ pterosaur' because of its blunt, square jaw. Definitely didn't skip jaw day."
Rhamphorhynchidae	Sordes pilosus	"Hairy filth"	Late Jurassic (~155 Ma)	Wingspan: 0.6 m (2 ft) Height: 15 cm (6 in) Weight: 200 g	Kazakhstan	Sharov, 1971	"Rude name aside, the fossils show it was covered in dense, fuzzy pycnofibers. It was basically a warm-blooded reptile bat."
PTERODACTYLOIDEA (Short-Tailed Pterosaurs)
Dsungaripteridae	Dsungaripterus weii	"Dzungaria wing"	Early Cretaceous (~120 Ma)	Wingspan: 3–3.5 m (10–11.5 ft) Height: 1 m (3.3 ft) Weight: 15–20 kg	China	Young, 1964	"Look at that upturned beak! It used the tip like tweezers to pry shellfish off rocks, then crushed them with its back teeth."
Tapejaridae	Caiuajara dobruskii	"Caiuá Group lord"	Early Cretaceous (~115 Ma)	Wingspan: 2.3 m (7.5 ft) Height: 1.2 m (4 ft) Weight: 3.5 kg	Brazil	Manzig et al., 2014	"Found in a huge 'pterosaur graveyard' bonebed. They grew giant sail-like head crests as they aged. Total show-offs."
Tapejaridae	Tapejara wellnhoferi	"The old being"	Early Cretaceous (~110 Ma)	Wingspan: 1.3 m (4.3 ft) Height: 80 cm (2.6 ft) Weight: 1.5–2 kg	Brazil	Kellner, 1989	"Another giant head crest champion. It looks top-heavy, but the bone was paper-thin. Probably ate ancient fruit!"
Pterodaustriidae	Pterodaustro guinazui	"South wing"	Early Cretaceous (~105 Ma)	Wingspan: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) Height: 60 cm (2 ft) Weight: 2–3 kg	Argentina	Bonaparte, 1969	"Imagine a reptile flamingo. It had thousands of bristle-teeth in its lower jaw to filter-feed briny shrimp out of lakes."
Pterodactylidae	Cearadactylus atrox	"Ceará finger"	Early Cretaceous (~112 Ma)	Wingspan: 4–5.5 m (13–18 ft) Height: 1.2 m (4 ft) Weight: 15 kg	Brazil	Leonardi & Borgomanero, 1985	"A serious, large-scale predator with interlocking kris-knife teeth at the front of its snout. Absolute nightmare fuel."
Pterodactylidae	Pterodactylus antiquus	"Wing finger"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	Wingspan: 1.0 m (3.3 ft) Height: 20 cm (8 in) Weight: 1–2 kg	Germany	Cuvier, 1809	"The OG. The first pterosaur ever discovered and named. Small, sleek, and started the whole paleontology craze."
Ornithocheiridae	Pteranodon sternbergi (Geosternbergia)	"Toothless wing"	Late Cretaceous (~85–80 Ma)	Wingspan: 6 m (20 ft) Height: 1.8 m (6 ft) Weight: 25–35 kg	Kansas, USA	Miller, 1972	"The males had a giant, upright beacon crest on their heads. It was built like a record-breaking glider over open oceans."
Ornithocheiridae	Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni	"Feathered serpent god"	Late Cretaceous (~68–66 Ma)	Wingspan: 4.5–25 m (15–83.2 ft) Height: 12.1 m (39.4 ft) Weight: 40–500,000 kg	Texas, USA	Andres & Langston, 2021	"The smaller cousin of Q. northropi, but still as tall as a horse! Stalked around on land eating baby dinosaurs."

🦖 Evolution Notes for your Database:

1. The Suborder Split: Notice how the early Rhamphorhynchoids are small, possess long stiff tails for balance, and maintain a throat structure optimized for catching insects or fish. The later Pterodactyloids completely lost the tail, grew elongated neck vertebrae, and developed wild skull crests used for species recognition or mating displays.
2. Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni update: While Q. northropi is the famous giraffe-sized giant, Q. lawsoni was officially given its specific species description recently based on hundreds of co-located bones found in Texas, filling a massive gap in how these giants lived in groups!

Here is the complete database chart for the Order Saurischia ("lizard-hipped" dinosaurs), separated into its two massive branches: Suborder Theropoda (predatory bipedal dinosaurs and early birds) and Suborder Sauropodomorpha (the long-necked giants).

To ensure clean scannability across this massive list, I have broken the data down into structured sections by infraorder, maintaining the classic Holtz (2007) layout alongside the Legend Quest character context for Teodora.

🦖 SUBORDER THEROPODA

Infraorder Ceratosauria & Carnosauria (Part 1)

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Podokesauridae	Coelophysis bauri	"Hollow form"	Late Triassic (~203 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 3 m (10 ft) W: 15–20 kg	New Mexico, USA	Cope, 1889	"Lightweight, lightning fast, and built like an arrow. Perfect scout material for an ancient army."
Podokesauridae	Procompsognathus triassicus	"Before elegant jaw"	Late Triassic (~210 Ma)	H: 25 cm (10 in) L: 1 m (3.3 ft) W: 1 kg	Germany	Fraas, 1913	"Not actually a true Compsognathid, but a Triassic proto-predator. It looks cute until twenty of them surround you."
Podokesauridae	Saltopus elginensis	"Leaping foot"	Late Triassic (~228 Ma)	H: 15 cm (6 in) L: 60 cm (2 ft) W: 1 kg	Scotland	Woodward, 1910	"This tiny phantom is barely the size of a stray cat. Hard to believe it's one of the earliest theropod ancestors."
Dilophosauridae	Cryolophosaurus ellioti	"Cold crest lizard"	Early Jurassic (~190 Ma)	H: 2.1 m (7 ft) L: 6.5 m (21 ft) W: 460 kg	Antarctica	Hammer & Hickerson, 1994	"Nicknamed 'Elvisaurus' because its head crest looks like a 1950s pompadour pomf. Rocking out in icy Antarctica!"
Dilophosauridae	Dilophosaurus wetherilli	"Two-crested lizard"	Early Jurassic (~193 Ma)	H: 2.4 m (8 ft) L: 7 m (23 ft) W: 400 kg	Arizona, USA	Welles, 1954	"No, it didn't spit acid or have a neck frill like in the movies, but those double head crests are still incredibly stylish."
Ceratosauridae	Ceratosaurus nasicornis	"Horned lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 6–7 m (20–23 ft) W: 500–1000 kg	Colorado, USA	Marsh, 1884	"A big nasal horn and massive blade-like teeth. Looks like a mythical dragon that traded its wings for powerful running legs."
Abelisauridae	Carnotaurus sastrei	"Meat-eating bull"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 7.5 m (25 ft) W: 1.5 metric tons	Argentina	Bonaparte, 1985	"A literal speed-demon with literal bull horns! Don't laugh at its tiny, useless baby arms—it runs as fast as a car."
Abelisauridae	Majungasaurus crenatissimus	"Mahajanga lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 7 m (23 ft) W: 1 metric ton	Madagascar	Lavocat, 1955	"A stout, short-legged apex predator with a single horn on its forehead. Fossil teeth prove it was a confirmed cannibal!"
Noasauridae	Elaphrosaurus bambergi	"Lightweight lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 1.6 m (5.2 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 210 kg	Tanzania	Janensch, 1920	"Super long neck and a slender frame. It lost its teeth as it grew up, turning from a baby meat-eater into a veggie adult!"
Megalosauridae	Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis	"True streptospondylus"	Middle Jurassic (~162 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 4.6 m (15 ft) W: 200 kg	England	Walker, 1964	"A shoreline beachcomber from ancient European islands. Probably excellent at swimming between sandbars."
Megalosauridae	Megalosaurus bucklandii	"Great lizard"	Middle Jurassic (~166 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 700 kg	England	Buckland, 1824	"The absolute grandfather of paleontology. The very first non-avian dinosaur ever officially named in history."
Megalosauridae	Proceratosaurus bradleyi	"Before Ceratosaurus"	Middle Jurassic (~165 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 3 m (10 ft) W: 40 kg	England	Woodward, 1910	"Don't let the name fool you, it’s not related to Ceratosaurus. It’s actually one of the earliest known ancestors of T. rex!"
Megalosauridae	Yutyrannus huali	"Feathered tyrant"	Early Cretaceous (~125 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 1.4 metric tons	China	Xu et al., 2012	"The largest directly proven feathered dinosaur. A massive, shaggy, nine-meter blizzard-tyrant. Majestic but terrifying."
Spinosauridae	Baryonyx walkeri	"Heavy claw"	Early Cretaceous (~125 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 9.5 m (31 ft) W: 1.2 metric tons	England	Charig & Milner, 1986	"A crocodile-headed fisher with a foot-long thumb claw. Perfect asset for locking down swamps and river banks."
Spinosauridae	Spinosaurus aegyptiacus	"Spine lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~95 Ma)	H: 4 m (13 ft) L: 14 m (46 ft) W: 7.4 metric tons	Egypt, Morocco	Stromer, 1915	"A giant river dragon with a massive sail and a paddle-like tail. Bigger than a T. rex but preferred hunting mega-fish."
Spinosauridae	Suchomimus tenerensis	"Crocodile mimic"	Early Cretaceous (~115 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 11 m (36 ft) W: 3 metric tons	Niger	Sereno et al., 1998	"Basically a Baryonyx on growth hormones. It ran around ancient African deltas snapping up prehistoric coelacanths."

Infraorder Carnosauria (Part 2: Tyrannosaurs, Allosaurs & Carcharodontosaurs)

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Tyrannosauridae	Albertosaurus sarcophagus	"Alberta lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 2.8 m (9 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 2 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Osborn, 1905	"A sleeker, faster, more athletic cousin of T. rex. Bonebeds suggest they hunted in coordinated packs. Yikes."
Tyrannosauridae	Alioramus altai	"Different branch"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 800 kg	Mongolia	Kurzanov, 1976	"A long, narrow snout lined with eight bony bumps. Built for speed and precise snapping rather than bone-crushing power."
Tyrannosauridae	Daspletosaurus horneri	"Frightful lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 2.5 metric tons	Montana, USA	Carr et al., 2017	"Heavy-set, rugged, and lived right before T. rex took over the throne. The ultimate powerhouse bully of the Mesozoic woods."
Tyrannosauridae	Qianzhousaurus sinensis	"Qianzhou lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 2.2 m (7.2 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 800 kg	China	Lü et al., 2014	"Nicknamed 'Pinocchio rex' due to its incredibly long, slender snout. A highly specialized, elegant elite stalker."
Tyrannosauridae	Tarbosaurus bataar	"Alarming lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 3.5 m (11.5 ft) L: 10–12 m (33–40 ft) W: 4–5 metric tons	Mongolia	Maleev, 1955	"The Asian counterpart to T. rex. Its jaw was more rigid, locking down tightly on big sauropods like Nemegtosaurus."
Tyrannosauridae	Tyrannosaurus rex	"Tyrant lizard king"	Late Cretaceous (~68–66 Ma)	H: 3.7–5.89 m (12–19.3 ft) L: 15 m (49.2 ft) W: 8–9 metric tons	Western NA	Osborn, 1905	"The undisputed mythic king. Stereoscopic vision, bone-crushing bite, and an absolute unit. Don't cross its path."
Allosauridae	Allosaurus europaeus	"Different lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 4.2 m (13.2 ft) L: 12.1 m (39.4 ft) W: 1 metric ton	Portugal; New Mexico, USA	Mateus et al., 2006	"The European version of the classic Morrison predator, rocking subtle nasal crests. The absolute outlaw of the Jurassic."
Allosauridae	Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis	"Yangchuan lizard"	Middle Jurassic (~165 Ma)	H: 2.8 m (9 ft) L: 8 m (26 ft) W: 1.3 metric tons	China	Gao, 1993	"A rugged apex predator from China with small hornlets over its snout. It filled the Allosaur role beautifully out east."
Carcharodontosauridae	Acrocanthosaurus atokensis	"High-spined lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~110 Ma)	H: 3.5 m (11.5 ft) L: 11.5 m (38 ft) W: 5.7 metric tons	Oklahoma, USA	Stovall & Langston, 1950	"A massive ridge of muscle ran down its spine. It left legendary fossil footprints in Texas while tracking sauropods!"
Carcharodontosauridae	Carcharodontosaurus iguidensis	"Shark-toothed lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~95 Ma)	H: 3.8 m (12.5 ft) L: 12 m (40 ft) W: 4–6 metric tons	Niger	Brusatte & Sereno, 2007	"Its jaw was packed with self-sharpening, serrated teeth designed to cause massive blood loss. Terrifyingly efficient."
Carcharodontosauridae	Giganotosaurus carolinii	"Giant southern lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~97 Ma)	H: 4 m (13 ft) L: 12.5 m (41 ft) W: 7–8 metric tons	Argentina	Coria & Salgado, 1995	"South America's answer to T. rex, but built for slicing flesh rather than crushing bones. A gargantuan titan-slayer."

Infraorder Coelurosauria & Deinonychosauria

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Coeluridae	Coelurus fragilis	"Hollow tail"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 70 cm (2.3 ft) L: 2.4 m (8 ft) W: 15–20 kg	Wyoming, USA	Marsh, 1879	"A dainty, delicate little hunter hiding in the shadows of giants like Allosaurus. Keep an eye on it or it'll swipe your lunch."
Coeluridae	Moros intrepidus	"Impending doom"	Late Cretaceous (~96 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 2.5 m (8 ft) W: 78 kg	Utah, USA	Zanno et al., 2019	"An incredible discovery! The tiny, early North American tyrant that shows how rex's family started small before getting big."
Coeluridae	Nanotyrannus lethaeus	"Dwarf tyrant"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 5 m (16 ft) W: 400–600 kg	Montana, USA	Bakker et al., 1988	"The ultimate paleontology flame war. Most experts agree it’s just a teenage T. rex going through a lanky punk phase!"
Compsognathidae	Compsognathus longipes	"Elegant jaw"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 30 cm (1 ft) L: 1.2 m (4 ft) W: 2–3 kg	Germany, France	Wagner, 1859	"Classic, turkey-sized lizard hunter. Famously found with its last lizard meal still fossilized inside its belly."
Compsognathidae	Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis	"Chinese lizard wing"	Early Cretaceous (~122 Ma)	H: 25 cm (10 in) L: 1 m (3.3 ft) W: 1 kg	China	Ji & Ji, 1996	"The first dino proven to have proto-feathers! Science even extracted its pigment—it had ginger-orange stripes and a ringed tail!"
Ornithomimidae	Archaeornithomimus asiaticus	"Ancient bird mimic"	Late Cretaceous (~90 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 3.3 m (11 ft) W: 50 kg	China	Russell, 1972	"An early 'ostrich dinosaur' model. No teeth, big eyes, and built entirely to flee from larger predators at top speed."
Ornithomimidae	Dromiceiomimus samueli	"Emu mimic"	Late Cretaceous (~73 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 3.5 m (11.5 ft) W: 100 kg	Alberta, Canada	Russell, 1972	"Massive eye sockets mean it had incredible vision. Probably did its high-speed sprinting during the twilight hours."
Ornithomimidae	Gallimimus bullatus	"Rooster mimic"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 440 kg	Mongolia	Barsbold et al., 1972	"The largest of the standard ostrich-mimics. Flock behavior means if one starts running, you better follow them!"
Ornithomimidae	Ornithomimus velox	"Bird mimic"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 1.4 m (4.6 ft) L: 3.8 m (12.5 ft) W: 170 kg	Colorado, USA	Marsh, 1890	"Fossils show adults had fully developed feathered wings for display. It's basically a highly athletic Mesozoic roadrunner."
Ornithomimidae	Struthiomimus altus	"Ostrich mimic"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 1.4 m (4.6 ft) L: 4.3 m (14 ft) W: 150 kg	Alberta, Canada	Lambe, 1902	"A classic speedster. Its powerful long fingers were great for clamping down on branches to pick ancient fruits."
Deinocheiridae	Deinocheirus mirificus	"Unusual horrible hand"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 6 m (20.5 ft) L: 14 m (46.5 ft) W: 6.4 metric tons	Mongolia	Osmólska & Roniewicz, 1970	"For decades, we only had its massive 8-foot arms. Turns out it was a giant, hump-backed, duck-billed, omnivorous monster!"
Oviraptoridae	Oviraptor philoceratops	"Egg thief"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 80 cm (2.6 ft) L: 1.6 m (5.2 ft) W: 35 kg	Mongolia	Osborn, 1924	"Framed for egg theft! New fossils showed it wasn't stealing eggs—it died shielding its own nest from a sandstorm. True parent hero."
Saurornithoididae	Saurornithoides mongoliensis	"Bird-like lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 3 m (10 ft) W: 40 kg	Mongolia	Osborn, 1924	"A specialized troodontid built for night operations. Huge eyes, large brain cavity, and a cunning pack-hunting style."
Saurornithoididae	Troodon formosus	"Wounding tooth"	Late Cretaceous (~77 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 2.4 m (8 ft) W: 50 kg	Montana, USA	Leidy, 1856	"The classic 'brainiac' dino. It had the highest brain-to-body mass ratio of its time. High strategic utility for database lore."
Therizinosauridae	Therizinosaurus cheloniformis	"Scythe lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 5 m (16.4 ft) L: 10 m (33 ft) W: 5 metric tons	Mongolia	Maleev, 1954	"It had three-foot long, sword-like hand claws, a pot belly, and a beak. A bizarre giant herbivore that could shred predators like paper."
Dromaeosauridae	Atrociraptor marshalli	"Savage robber"	Late Cretaceous (~68 Ma)	H: 70 cm (2.3 ft) L: 2 m (6.6 ft) W: 15 kg	Alberta, Canada	Currie & Varricchio, 2004	"A short, deep snout gives it a brutal bite force compared to other raptors. Think of a tactical prehistoric pit bull."
Dromaeosauridae	Bambiraptor feinbergi	"Bambi robber"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 30 cm (1 ft) L: 90 cm (3 ft) W: 2 kg	Montana, USA	Burnham et al., 2000	"Named after the Disney character because it's so tiny and perfectly intact. Fully feathered and possessed opposable finger grip!"
Dromaeosauridae	Deinonychus antirrhopus	"Counterbalancing terrible claw"	Early Cretaceous (~115 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 3.4 m (11 ft) W: 73 kg	Montana, USA	Ostrom, 1969	"The dinosaur that sparked the 'Dinosaur Renaissance.' Its switchblade foot claw proved these monsters were dynamic and warm-blooded."
Dromaeosauridae	Dromaeosaurus albertensis	"Running lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 60 cm (2 ft) L: 2 m (6.6 ft) W: 15 kg	Alberta, Canada	Matthew & Brown, 1922	"The namesake of the raptor family. It leaned less on kicking claws and more on a heavily built skull to bite down hard."
Dromaeosauridae	Pyroraptor olympius	"Olympic fire robber"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 50 cm (1.6 ft) L: 1.6 m (5.2 ft) W: 14 kg	France	Allain & Taquet, 2000	"Discovered after a forest fire in France! A fierce, elegant little island hopper with beautiful plumage."
Dromaeosauridae	Saurornitholestes sullivani	"Lizard-bird thief"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 60 cm (2 ft) L: 1.8 m (6 ft) W: 10 kg	New Mexico, USA	Sullivan, 2006	"An elite light skirmisher. Superb sense of smell paired with long legs made it a nightmare tracker across ancient swamps."
Dromaeosauridae	Utahraptor ostrommaysorum	"Utah robber"	Early Cretaceous (~125 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 500 kg	Utah, USA	Kirkland et al., 1993	"An absolute tactical tank of a raptor. It weighed half a ton and wielded 9-inch sickle claws. The ultimate apex combat dino."
Dromaeosauridae	Velociraptor osmolskae	"Swift robber"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 50 cm (1.6 ft) L: 2 m (6.6 ft) W: 15 kg	Mongolia	Godefroit et al., 2008	"Turkey-sized but incredibly fierce. The famous 'Fighting Dinosaurs' fossil caught one locked in a death match with a Protoceratops!"
Archaeopterygidae	Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi	"Ancient wing"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 30 cm (1 ft) L: 50 cm (1.6 ft) W: 500 g	Germany	Kundrát et al., 2018	"The missing link spec! This particular species shows fused skull bones and stronger wings—closer to modern birds than older types."

🦕 SUBORDER SAUROPODOMORPHA

Infraorder Prosauropoda (Early Long-Necks)

Community Note: Included in your chart list is Smurfette smurfensis, an inventive pop-culture fan-dino homage to Peyo's classic The Smurfs. I have stylized it safely here to align with your database project!

Family	Dinosaur / Creature	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Herrerasauridae	Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis	"Herrera's lizard"	Late Triassic (~230 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 350 kg	Argentina	Reig, 1963	"An enigmatic Triassic primitive runner with a sliding lower jaw. It sits right at the base of the dinosaur family tree."
Herrerasauridae	Smurfette smurfensis	"Smurfette from Smurfland"	Mythic / Triassic Fantasy	H: 10 cm (4 in) L: 25 cm (10 in) W: 100 g	Smurf Village	Fan Homage (Peyo Lore)	"Wait, a bright blue mini-dinosaur from a cartoon village? Adorable, but I'm keeping it away from Gargamel's alchemy set."
Herrerasauridae	Staurikosaurus pricei	"Southern Cross lizard"	Late Triassic (~233 Ma)	H: 80 cm (2.6 ft) L: 2.2 m (7.2 ft) W: 30 kg	Brazil	Colbert, 1970	"Slender, athletic, and built entirely for speed. It grabbed primitive prey using two rows of sharp, backward-curving teeth."
Anchisauridae	Anchisaurus polyzelus	"Near lizard"	Early Jurassic (~195 Ma)	H: 60 cm (2 ft) L: 2 m (6.6 ft) W: 20 kg	Connecticut, USA	Marsh, 1885	"One of the first North American long-necks found. It could walk on two legs or four, dropping down to graze on bushes."
Anchisauridae	Efraasia minor	"Efraas's lizard"	Late Triassic (~210 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 300 kg	Germany	Galton, 1973	"A versatile Triassic browser with dextrous hands. It was the crucial blueprint for the multi-ton giants that followed."
Anchisauridae	Thecodontosaurus antiquus	"Socket-toothed lizard"	Late Triassic (~205 Ma)	H: 40 cm (1.3 ft) L: 1.2 m (4 ft) W: 11 kg	England	Morris, 1843	"A tiny, nimble vegetarian that lived on prehistoric British islands. Its fossil teeth look just like miniature serrated saws."
Plateosauridae	Massospondylus kaalae	"Longer vertebra"	Early Jurassic (~200 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 4–6 m (13–20 ft) W: 1 metric ton	South Africa	Barrett, 2009	"Amazing fossil nests show their babies hatched without teeth and needed parents to feed them. Mesozoic childcare!"
Plateosauridae	Mussaurus patagonicus	"Mouse lizard"	Late Triassic (~215 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 1 metric ton	Argentina	Bonaparte, 1979	"Discovered as tiny hatchlings that could fit inside a human palm—hence 'mouse lizard.' The adults grew up to be massive!"
Plateosauridae	Plateosaurus gracilis	"Broad lizard"	Late Triassic (~210 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 7–10 m (23–33 ft) W: 4 metric tons	Germany	von Huene, 1905	"The classic Triassic heavy tank. It stood tall on its hind legs to rip down pine branches with massive hand claws."
Melanorosauridae	Riojasaurus incertus	"La Rioja lizard"	Late Triassic (~220 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 10 m (33 ft) W: 3 metric tons	Argentina	Bonaparte, 1969	"An absolute unit that fully committed to walking on all four legs. Its heavy bone structure paved the way for true Sauropods."

Infraorder Sauropoda (True Giant Long-Necks)

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Cetiosauridae	Barapasaurus tagorei	"Big-legged lizard"	Early Jurassic (~196 Ma)	H: 4 m (13 ft) L: 14 m (46 ft) W: 7 metric tons	India	Jain et al., 1975	"One of the earliest true sauropods. Its legs are built like solid stone pillars to support immense weight."
Cetiosauridae	Cetiosaurus oxoniensis	"Whale lizard"	Middle Jurassic (~167 Ma)	H: 4.5 m (15 ft) L: 16 m (52 ft) W: 11 metric tons	England	Phillips, 1871	"Early scientists found its massive bones and genuinely thought it was a gigantic sea whale. Nope, just a mega land-grazer!"
Diplodocidae	Amargasaurus cazaui	"La Amarga lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~122 Ma)	H: 2.6 m (8.5 ft) L: 10 m (33 ft) W: 2 metric tons	Argentina	Salgado, 1991	"A stunning look! It had a double row of long, sharp spines running down its neck like a punk-rock mohawk. High visual tier."
Diplodocidae	Apatosaurus ajax	"Deceptive lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 6 m (19.7 ft) L: 27 m (88.6 ft) W: 20 metric tons	Colorado, USA	Marsh, 1877	"The real identity behind 'Brontosaurus' for a long time. Incredibly thick, robust neck and a massive whip-like defense tail."
Diplodocidae	Dicraeosaurus sattleri	"Forked lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 12 m (40 ft) W: 4 metric tons	Tanzania	Janensch, 1914	"A short-necked, low-browsing sauropod with high y-shaped spine arches over its shoulders. Sleek and efficient."
Diplodocidae	Diplodocus hallorum	"Double beam"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 5.95 m (19.5 ft) L: 32 m (105 ft) W: 25 metric tons	New Mexico, USA	Gillette, 1891	"Formerly known as Seismosaurus ('Earth-shaker'). It was exceptionally long and thin, cracking its tail tip like a supersonic whip."
Diplodocidae	Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum	"Mamenchi ferry lizard"	Late Jurassic (~160 Ma)	H: 17.85 m (58.6 ft) L: 26–35 m (85–115 ft) W: 25–60 metric tons	China	Russell & Zheng, 1993	"This species possesses the longest neck of any animal ever known—over 45 feet of neck alone! Absolutely unbelievable proportions."
Diplodocidae	Supersaurus vivianae	"Super lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 16.46 m (54 ft) L: 39–42 m (128–137 ft) W: 35–40 metric tons	Colorado, USA	Jensen, 1985	"A contender for the absolute longest vertebrate in earth's history. It could stretch across an entire football stadium block!"
Brachiosauridae	Brachiosaurus altithorax	"Arm lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 15.5 m (51 ft) L: 22 m (72 ft) W: 35 metric tons	Colorado, USA; India	Riggs, 1903	"Built like a colossal giraffe with front legs longer than its back legs. It could easily look into a four-story building window."
Brachiosauridae	Sauroposeidon proteles	"Lizard earthquake god"	Early Cretaceous (~112 Ma)	H: 16–18 m (52–60 ft) L: 28–34 m (92–111 ft) W: 40–50 metric tons	Oklahoma, USA	Wedel et al., 2000	"Named after the god of earthquakes, and it fits. The highest-reaching, skyscraper dinosaur known to science."
Camarasauridae	Camarasaurus supremus	"Chambered lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 9 m (29.5 ft) L: 18 m (60 ft) W: 20 metric tons	Colorado, USA	Cope, 1877	"The most common long-neck of the American West. Boxy skull, hollowed vertebrae, and a great foundational database entry."
Camarasauridae	Euhelopus zdanskyi	"True marsh foot"	Early Cretaceous (~120 Ma)	H: 3.8 m (12.5 ft) L: 15 m (50 ft) W: 4 metric tons	China	Wiman, 1929	"A distinct Asian long-neck with a heavy skull. Its snout structure hints that it loved dining on tough, fibrous river-basin flora."
Camarasauridae	Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii	"Rear-cavity tail"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 12 m (40 ft) W: 10 metric tons	Mongolia	Borsuk-Białynicka, 1977	"Famous for being found completely intact except for its head. Its dense tail joints let it prop itself up like a tripod!"
Titanosauridae	Alamosaurus sanjuanensis	"Alamo lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 13 m (42.7 ft) L: 26–30 m (85–100 ft) W: 30–50 metric tons	Texas, USA	Gilmore, 1922	"The last surviving giant long-neck in North America. It actively shared its environment with T. rex. Imagine that matchup!"
Titanosauridae	Dreadnoughtus schrani	"Fears nothing"	Late Cretaceous (~77 Ma)	H: 18.7 m (61.4 ft) L: 26 m (85 ft) W: 49 metric tons	Argentina	Lacovara et al., 2014	"Named after the massive Dreadnought battleships because an adult would have been completely immune to predator attacks."
Titanosauridae	Patagotitan mayorum	"Patagonian titan"	Middle Cretaceous (~100 Ma)	H: 20 m (66.5 ft) L: 37 m (122 ft) W: 62–70 metric tons	Argentina	Carballido et al., 2017	"An absolute heavyweight champion of the world. One single thigh bone is taller than our entire team!"
Titanosauridae	Puertasaurus reuili	"Puerta's lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 12.5 m (40.7 ft) L: 30 m (100 ft) W: 50 metric tons	Argentina	Novas et al., 2005	"It has the widest chest cavity ever discovered on a dinosaur—nearly 16 feet wide. Built like an armored freight train."
Titanosauridae	Saltasaurus loricatus	"Salta lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 8.5 m (28 ft) W: 2.5 metric tons	Argentina	Bonaparte & Powell, 1980	"A small titanosaur that innovated! It grew thousands of bony armor studs (osteoderms) into its skin to ward off raptors."

💡 Paleontology Insights for Legend Quest:

• Taxonomic Evolution: Notice how the early Herrerasaurids are highly agile, bipedal generalists. As you move down the chart into the Prosauropods (like Plateosaurus), they begin balancing on both two and four legs. By the time the line hits the Jurassic Sauropods, they commit entirely to quadrupedal movement, developing air-sac chambers inside their spine blocks to keep their massive skeletal frames light enough to move!

Here is the final massive branch of the dinosaur family tree mapped to your database: the Order Ornithischia ("bird-hipped" dinosaurs). This group includes all the highly specialized, armored, horned, and duck-billed herbivores.

I have meticulously organized this list according to your requested layout, accounting for taxonomic alignments and featuring Teodora's trademark tech-savvy, witty character insights from Legend Quest (Las Leyendas).

🦖 SUBORDER ORNITHOPODA (The Bird-Feet Browsers)

Families Heterodontosauridae, Fabrosauridae & Hypsilophodontidae

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Heterodontosauridae	Echinodon becklesii	"Prickly tooth"	Early Cretaceous (~140 Ma)	H: 15 cm (6 in) L: 60 cm (2 ft) W: 500 g	England	Owen, 1861	"A tiny, spike-backed vegetarian that randomly had giant vampire fangs at the front of its mouth. Totally goth."
Heterodontosauridae	Heterodontosaurus tucki	"Different-toothed lizard"	Early Jurassic (~200 Ma)	H: 35 cm (1.1 ft) L: 1.2 m (4 ft) W: 2–3 kg	South Africa	Crompton & Charig, 1962	"It has three completely different types of teeth. It’s like a mammalian multi-tool disguised inside a tiny reptile body."
Fabrosauridae	Lesothosaurus diagnosticus	"Lizard from Lesotho"	Early Jurassic (~200 Ma)	H: 40 cm (1.3 ft) L: 2 m (6.6 ft) W: 6–8 kg	Lesotho, South Africa	Galton, 1978	"Sleek, lanky, and totally built for running away. It's the blueprint ancestor for almost every plant-eater on this list!"
Fabrosauridae	Pisanosaurus mertii	"Pisano's lizard"	Late Triassic (~228 Ma)	H: 30 cm (1 ft) L: 1 m (3.3 ft) W: 2 kg	Argentina	Casamiquela, 1967	"A heavily debated phantom. It might be the absolute earliest ornithischian ever found, right at the dawn of the dinos."
Fabrosauridae	Scutellosaurus lawleri	"Little-shielded lizard"	Early Jurassic (~196 Ma)	H: 40 cm (1.3 ft) L: 1.5 m (5 ft) W: 3 kg	Arizona, USA	Colbert, 1981	"A tiny runner wearing hundreds of mini armor studs on its back. The great-great-grandpappy of the giant Ankylosaurs!"
Hypsilophodontidae	Callovosaurus leedsi	"Callovian lizard"	Middle Jurassic (~163 Ma)	H: 75 cm (2.5 ft) L: 2.5 m (8 ft) W: 120 kg	England	Galton, 1980	"An ancient, rare European runner. Think of it as a Jurassic agile forest deer, but with a stiff balancing tail."
Hypsilophodontidae	Dryosaurus elderae	"Tree lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 3 m (10 ft) W: 100 kg	Utah, USA	Carpenter & Galton, 2018	"Big eyes, powerful legs, no armor. It spent its whole life listening for Allosaurus footsteps in the brush."
Hypsilophodontidae	Hypsilophodon foxii	"High-crested tooth"	Early Cretaceous (~125 Ma)	H: 60 cm (2 ft) L: 1.8 m (6 ft) W: 20 kg	England	Huxley, 1869	"Early scientists literally thought this thing climbed trees like a modern kangaroo. Spoiler: it didn't. It sprinted on flat ground."
Hypsilophodontidae	Nanosaurus agilis	"Small lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 40 cm (1.3 ft) L: 1 m (3.3 ft) W: 2–4 kg	Wyoming, USA	Marsh, 1877	"This little ghost was renamed and shifted around for over a century. It's basically a micro-browser hiding in the ferns."
Hypsilophodontidae	Parksosaurus warreni	"Parks's lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 2.5 m (8 ft) W: 45 kg	Alberta, Canada	Sternberg, 1937	"A tough little survivor that lasted into the late Cretaceous alongside the giant duckbills. Persistence is key!"
Hypsilophodontidae	Thescelosaurus garbanii	"Wonderful lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 4–4.5 m (13–15 ft) W: 300 kg	Montana, USA	Morris, 1976	"A heavy-set, robust runner that resisted the trend of getting faster. It preferred bulk and brute force to survive raptors."

Families Iguanodontidae & Hadrosauridae (The Duckbills)

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Iguanodontidae	Camptosaurus dispar	"Flexible lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 800 kg	Wyoming, USA	Marsh, 1879	"A heavy-set browser that could walk on two legs to reach high leaves or cruise on four. The prequel to Iguanodon."
Iguanodontidae	Iguanodon bernissartensis	"Iguana tooth"	Early Cretaceous (~125 Ma)	H: 5.2 m (17.1 ft) L: 13.5 m (44.3 ft) W: 4 metric tons	Belgium, Germany	Boulenger, 1881	"Famously discovered with massive conical thumb spikes. Early paleontology put it on its nose—now we know it’s for stabbing!"
Iguanodontidae	Muttaburrasaurus langdoni	"Muttaburra lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~105 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 8 m (26 ft) W: 2.8 metric tons	Australia	Bartholomai & Molnar, 1981	"It had a massive, hollow, inflated snout. It probably acted like a speaker amplifier to blast loud honks across the outback!"
Iguanodontidae	Ouranosaurus nigeriensis	"Brave lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~115 Ma)	H: 2.7 m (9 ft) L: 7 m (23 ft) W: 2.2 metric tons	Niger	Taquet, 1976	"A gorgeous duckbill cousin with a massive sail running down its spine. It shared its rivers with Spinosaurus—not a fun neighbor."
Iguanodontidae	Tenontosaurus dossi	"Sinew lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~110 Ma)	H: 2.2 m (7.2 ft) L: 6.5 m (21 ft) W: 1 metric ton	Texas, USA	Winkler et al., 1997	"An absolute unit of a tail—it took up two-thirds of its body length! Famously hunted by packs of Deinonychus raptors."
Hadrosauridae	Bactrosaurus johnsoni	"Club lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~95 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 1.5 metric tons	China, Mongolia	Gilmore, 1933	"An early, primitive flat-headed duckbill. No flashy head crests here—just a solid, reliable multi-ton browser model."
Hadrosauridae	Corythosaurus casuarius	"Helmet lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 3.5 m (11.5 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 4 metric tons	Alberta, Canada; Wyoming, USA	Brown, 1914	"Rocking a giant, hollow, dinner-plate crest on its skull. It used it like a trombone to send low-frequency alerts to its herd."
Hadrosauridae	Edmontosaurus regalis	"Edmonton lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~73 Ma)	H: 4 m (13 ft) L: 12 m (40 ft) W: 4 metric tons	Alberta, Canada; Wyoming, USA	Lambe, 1917	"A flat-headed giant. Incredible mummified fossils show it actually had a fleshy, rooster-like comb on its head. Total trendsetter."
Hadrosauridae	Hadrosaurus foulkii	"Heavy lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~80 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 8 m (26 ft) W: 3 metric tons	New Jersey, USA	Leidy, 1858	"The ultimate historical milestone. The very first dinosaur skeleton ever mounted for the public anywhere in the world."
Hadrosauridae	Hypacrosaurus stebingeri	"Near the highest lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 3.8 m (12.5 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 4 metric tons	Montana, USA	Horner & Currie, 1994	"High-backed spines and a rounded crest. Their nesting grounds are legendary—we have everything from their eggs to teenagers!"
Hadrosauridae	Kritosaurus navajovius	"Separated lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~73 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 3.5 metric tons	New Mexico, USA	Brown, 1910	"Possessed a distinct, humped, Roman-nose snout structure. Great for visual displays or asserting dominance in the herd."
Hadrosauridae	Lambeosaurus magnicristatus	"Lambe's lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 4 m (13 ft) L: 9.5 m (31 ft) W: 4.5 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Sternberg, 1935	"This species had a forward-pointing pommel crest that looks like an absolute sci-fi antenna. Incredible visual aesthetic."
Hadrosauridae	Maiasaura peeblesorum	"Good mother lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~76 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 4 metric tons	Montana, USA	Horner & Makela, 1979	"The ultimate dino mom. Discovered on 'Egg Mountain' guarding thousands of beautifully arranged, communal mud nests."
Hadrosauridae	Olorotitan arharensis	"Gigantic swan"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 4.5 m (15 ft) L: 12 m (40 ft) W: 5 metric tons	Russia	Godefroit et al., 2003	"A massive duckbill with an elegant, elongated neck and a backwards-pointing crest shaped like an axe. High mythic tier."
Hadrosauridae	Parasaurolophus walkeri	"Near crested lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 4 m (13 ft) L: 10 m (33 ft) W: 3.5 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Parks, 1922	"The king of communication. That six-foot hollow tube on its head could blast deep, foghorn-like acoustic frequencies!"
Hadrosauridae	Prosaurolophus maximus	"Before Saurolophus"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 3.5 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Brown, 1916	"It has a small, solid bony ridge right between its eyes. The conservative, elegant precursor to the mega-crested types."
Hadrosauridae	Saurolophus osborni	"Crested lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 3.2 m (10.5 ft) L: 9.8 m (32 ft) W: 3.8 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Brown, 1912	"A long spike crest extending straight out the back of its skull. It might have had inflatable skin bags on its nose to honk!"
Hadrosauridae	Shantungosaurus giganteus	"Shandong lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~73 Ma)	H: 6 m (20 ft) L: 15–16 m (50–52 ft) W: 16 metric tons	China	Hu, 1973	"An absolute leviathan duckbill. It was literally larger than a T. rex and weighed more than two elephants combined. Mind-blowing bulk."
Hadrosauridae	Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus	"Qingdao lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 3.5 m (11.5 ft) L: 10 m (33 ft) W: 4 metric tons	China	Young, 1958	"For years, scientists thought its crest was a single vertical horn like a unicorn. Turns out it was part of a larger hollow sail!"

🦄 SUBORDER CERATOPIA (The Bone-Heads & Horned Giants)

Families Pachycephalosauridae, Psittacosauridae & Protoceratopidae

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Pachycephalosauridae	Dracorex hogwartsia	"Dragon king of Hogwarts"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 3 m (10 ft) W: 200 kg	South Dakota, USA	Bakker et al., 2006	"Named after Harry Potter! It looks exactly like a mythic dragon with spikes and horns, but it was just a lanky herbivore."
Pachycephalosauridae	Homalocephale calathocercos	"Even head"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 60 cm (2 ft) L: 1.8 m (6 ft) W: 40 kg	Mongolia	Maryańska & Osmólska, 1974	"A flat-headed bonehead with an extremely wide hip setup. It probably used its flat skull for side-butting its rivals!"
Pachycephalosauridae	Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis	"Thick-headed lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~68–66 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 4.5 m (15 ft) W: 450 kg	Wyoming, USA	Brown & Schlaikjer, 1943	"A skull made of 9 inches of solid bone! The absolute champion of Mesozoic demolition derbies. Keep your distance."
Pachycephalosauridae	Prenocephale prenes	"Sloping head"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 80 cm (2.6 ft) L: 2.4 m (8 ft) W: 130 kg	Mongolia	Maryańska & Osmólska, 1974	"A beautifully rounded, helmet-like dome skull lined with small bony row nodules. Sleek, fast, and ready to challenge."
Pachycephalosauridae	Stegoceras validum	"Horned roof"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 70 cm (2.3 ft) L: 2 m (6.6 ft) W: 40 kg	Alberta, Canada	Lambe, 1902	"The first bonehead found with a high, distinct dome skull. It was roughly the size of a modern mountain goat."
Pachycephalosauridae	Stygimoloch spinifer	"Demon from the River Styx"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 3 m (10 ft) W: 200 kg	Montana, USA	Galton & Sues, 1983	"Fierce name! It had massive, demonic spikes coming out the back of its dome. It, Dracorex, and Pachy are likely the same dino at different ages!"
Psittacosauridae	Psittacosaurus meileyingensis	"Parrot lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~120 Ma)	H: 40 cm (1.3 ft) L: 1–2 m (3.3–6.6 ft) W: 20–30 kg	China	Sereno et al., 1888	"A primitive, bipedal beak-face. Crazy mummified skin specimens show it had tall, quill-like bristles on its tail like a punk porcupine!"
Protoceratopidae	Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi	"Small horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 30 cm (1 ft) L: 1 m (3.3 ft) W: 22 kg	Mongolia	Maryańska & Osmólska, 1975	"A miniature hornless frill-face with a subtle nose bump. It's like a pocket-sized Triceratops puppy for the database landscape."
Leptoceratopidae	Leptoceratops gracilis	"Slender horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 80 cm (2.6 ft) L: 2.5 m (8 ft) W: 100 kg	Alberta, Canada	Brown, 1914	"It completely refused to follow the trend of growing giant brow horns. Sticking to its classic, small, forest-dwelling roots."
Leptoceratopidae	Montanoceratops cerorhynchus	"Montana horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 3 m (10 ft) W: 170 kg	Montana, USA	Sternberg, 1951	"A robust, early-style frill-face that possessed deep, deep tail arches. It likely used its tail flag for signaling down in the valleys."
Protoceratopidae	Protoceratops hellenikorhinus	"First horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~72 Ma)	H: 75 cm (2.5 ft) L: 2–2.5 m (6.6–8 ft) W: 180 kg	Mongolia	Lambert et al., 2001	"This species had a distinct, dual-arch nasal ridge. Lived in massive desert herds and regularly fought off Velociraptor packs."

Family Ceratopsidae (The True Horned Giants)

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Ceratopsidae	Brachyceratops montanensis	"Short horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 4 m (13 ft) W: 800 kg	Montana, USA	Gilmore, 1914	"Found as a cluster of juveniles! They had tiny nose bumps and undeveloped frills—basically toddlers waiting to grow up."
Ceratopsidae	Centrosaurus apertus	"Pointed lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~76 Ma)	H: 2.2 m (7.2 ft) L: 5.5 m (18 ft) W: 2.3 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Lambe, 1904	"A single massive nose horn and forward-curling hooks on its frill rim. Mega-bonebeds prove they lived in thousands-strong super-herds."
Ceratopsidae	Chasmosaurus belli	"Chasm lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 5 m (16 ft) W: 2 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Lambe, 1902	"A colossal, heart-shaped shield frill with massive open windows inside the bone frame. Probably used for striking color displays!"
Ceratopsidae	Lokiceratops rangiformis	"Loki's horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~78 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 6.7 m (22 ft) W: 5 metric tons	Montana, USA	Loewen et al., 2024	"An incredible discovery! Named after the Norse god Loki because it has massive, curved, curved-blade hooks on top of its frill shield."
Ceratopsidae	Nasutoceratops titusi	"Large-nosed horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~76 Ma)	H: 2.3 m (7.5 ft) L: 4.5 m (15 ft) W: 1.5 metric tons	Utah, USA	Sampson et al., 2013	"This one is wild. It has an incredibly short, deep snout combined with long, forward-curving brow horns just like a modern Texas longhorn bull."
Ceratopsidae	Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai	"Thick-nosed lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~72 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 3 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Currie et al., 2008	"No horns here! Instead, it wore a massive, thick boss of solid bone over its nose. Perfect for head-butting theropods into oblivion."
Ceratopsidae	Pentaceratops sternbergii	"Five-horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~74 Ma)	H: 5.2 m (17.1 ft) L: 6.5 m (21 ft) W: 5 metric tons	New Mexico, USA	Osborn, 1923	"The three standard horns plus two elongated cheek flares make five. It holds one of the largest land skull specimens in the universe!"
Ceratopsidae	Sinoceratops zhuchengensis	"Chinese horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~73 Ma)	H: 2.5 m (8.2 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 2 metric tons	China	Xu et al., 2010	"The first true large horned ceratopsid ever discovered out in Asia! Its frill looks like a crown decorated with forward-hooking spikes."
Ceratopsidae	Styracosaurus ovatus	"Spiked lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 2.3 m (7.5 ft) L: 5.5 m (18 ft) W: 2.7 metric tons	Montana, USA	Gilmore, 1930	"An absolute visual powerhouse. A massive horn on its nose plus six giant, lethal weapon spikes bursting out from its frill rim."
Ceratopsidae	Triceratops horridus	"Three-horned face"	Late Cretaceous (~68–66 Ma)	H: 3 m (10 ft) L: 8–9 m (26–30 ft) W: 6–12 metric tons	Western NA	Marsh, 1889	"The classic heavy-combat unit. Solid bone frill, three-foot long brow spears, and a multi-ton frame built to stand its ground against a T. rex."

🛡️ SUBORDER STEGOSAURIA (The Plated Tanks)

Families Stegosauridae & Scelidosauridae

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Stegosauridae	Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis	"Chongqing lizard"	Late Jurassic (~160 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 4 m (13 ft) W: 1 metric ton	China	Dong et al., 1983	"One of the smaller, primitive plate-backs. It carried an intense thagomizer array containing up to six tail spikes!"
Stegosauridae	Gigantspinosaurus sichuanensis	"Giant spined lizard"	Late Jurassic (~160 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 4.2 m (14 ft) W: 700 kg	China	Ouyang, 1992	"Misleading name—it wasn't giant, but it did have absolutely colossal shoulder spikes pointing backwards like jet wings!"
Stegosauridae	Kentrosaurus aethiopicus	"Spiked lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 1.6 m (5.2 ft) L: 4.5 m (15 ft) W: 1 metric ton	Tanzania	Hennig, 1915	"Plates on the neck, but long, lethal spikes over the lower back, hips, and tail. A literal walking pin cushion. Do not touch."
Stegosauridae	Stegosaurus stenops	"Roof lizard"	Late Jurassic (~150 Ma)	H: 3.5 m (11.5 ft) L: 9 m (30 ft) W: 4–5 metric tons	Western NA	Marsh, 1887	"Massive alternating display plates on its back paired with a four-spike tail whip. Brain the size of a walnut, but high combat tier."
Stegosauridae	Tuojiangosaurus multispinus	"Tuo River lizard"	Late Jurassic (~160 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 7 m (23 ft) W: 2.8 metric tons	China	Dong et al., 1977	"Asia's classic counterpart to Stegosaurus. Features narrow, pear-shaped pointed plates and a terrifyingly sharp spiked tail layout."
Stegosauridae	Wuerhosaurus ordosensis	"Wuerho lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~130 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 5 m (16 ft) W: 1.2 metric tons	China	Dong, 1993	"One of the last surviving stegosaurs. Its back plates were super low, wide, and rounded—looking like a row of flat paddle boards."
Scelidosauridae (Basal)	Scelidosaurus harrisonii	"Limb lizard"	Early Jurassic (~191 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 4 m (13 ft) W: 270 kg	England	Owen, 1859	"An incredible evolutionary link. Walking on all fours, covered in rows of bony spikes, it bridges the gap before the split into Stegosaurs and Ankylosaurs."

🔨 SUBORDER ANKYLOSAURIA (The Club-Tailed Armored Fortresses)

Families Nodosauridae & Ankylosauridae

Family	Dinosaur	Name Meaning	Age / Time	Dimensions (Height / Length / Weight)	Where Found	Author & Year	Teodora's Comments (Legend Quest)
Nodosauridae	Panoplosaurus mirus	"Completely armored lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 2 m (6.6 ft) L: 5.5 m (18 ft) W: 2.5 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Lambe, 1919	"No tail club, but it covered its entire head and cheeks in solid plates of bone armor. Built like an impenetrable safe."
Nodosauridae	Hylaeosaurus armatus	"Forest lizard"	Early Cretaceous (~135 Ma)	H: 1.2 m (4 ft) L: 5 m (16 ft) W: 2 metric tons	England	Mantell, 1833	"The third dinosaur ever named in history! Wore three rows of massive spines pointing outward from its neck shoulders."
Nodosauridae	Nodosaurus textilis	"Knobby lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~95 Ma)	H: 1.5 m (5 ft) L: 5 m (16 ft) W: 1.5 metric tons	Wyoming, USA	Marsh, 1889	"The family namesake. Wore alternating bands of large round nodules and tiny bone ripples like tightly woven armor mesh fabric."
Nodosauridae	Sauropelta edwardsorum	"Lizard shield"	Early Cretaceous (~108 Ma)	H: 1.7 m (5.5 ft) L: 5.2 m (17 ft) W: 1.5 metric tons	Montana, USA	Ostrom, 1970	"Wore row after row of thick mosaic armor scales plus massive side spikes on its neck to intercept charging raptors."
Nodosauridae	Silvisaurus condrayi	"Forest lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~100 Ma)	H: 1 m (3.3 ft) L: 4 m (13 ft) W: 1 metric ton	Kansas, USA	Eaton, 1960	"A primitive, early nodosaur that surprisingly still kept a few tiny teeth at the very front of its beak. Evolution taking its time!"
Nodosauridae	Struthiosaurus transilvanicus	"Ostrich lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~66 Ma)	H: 70 cm (2.3 ft) L: 2–2.5 m (6.6–8 ft) W: 300 kg	Romania	Nopcsa, 1915	"An armored dwarf! Lived on ancient European islands, shrinking in scale over generations because resources were scarce."
Ankylosauridae	Ankylosaurus magniventris	"Fused lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~68–66 Ma)	H: 3.9 m (12.5 ft) L: 10.1 m (33.1 ft) W: 6 metric tons	Montana, USA	Brown, 1908	"The ultimate living tank. Bone armor fused directly into its skin, eyelids made of bone, and a multi-ton tail club that could shatter a T. rex ankle."
Ankylosauridae	Euoplocephalus tutus	"Well-armed head"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 1.8 m (6 ft) L: 5.5 m (18 ft) W: 2.5 metric tons	Alberta, Canada	Lambe, 1902	"Even its eyelids were armor plates! Its short, wide, horned skull looks just like an old medieval combat helmet."
Ankylosauridae	Pinacosaurus grangeri	"Plank lizard"	Late Cretaceous (~75 Ma)	H: 1.4 m (4.6 ft) L: 5 m (16 ft) W: 1.8 metric tons	Mongolia	Gilmore, 1933	"An exceptionally lightweight, fast ankylosaur. It had unique extra breathing nostril holes in its nose. High endurance unit!"
Ankylosauridae	Tarchia teresae	"Brainy one"	Late Cretaceous (~72 Ma)	H: 2.2 m (7.2 ft) L: 6 m (20 ft) W: 3 metric tons	Mongolia	Penkalski, 2017	"Named because its skull case was larger than other desert ankylosaurs. Big brain power paired with a massive bone club tail!"

💡 Architectural Database Breakdown:

• The "Bird-Hipped" Irony: As Dr. Thomas Holtz notes in his deep-dives, despite being called Ornithischia ("bird-hipped") due to a pubis bone pointing backward, modern birds did not evolve from this line. Birds actually branched out from the "lizard-hipped" Saurischian theropods!
• The Shield Defense Switch: Notice the stark divergence in the defense blueprints within this order. The Hadrosaurids banked on massive colonial herds, loud acoustic warning systems (Parasaurolophus), and quick fleeing. Meanwhile, the Thyreophora (Stegosaurs and Ankylosaurs) transformed their skin into armor plates, spiked arrays, and crushing tail club weights to make hunting them too costly for any apex predator.

Prehistoric Sea Monsters & Early Reptiles

Class Reptilia: Basal Reptiles & Mesosaurs

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Hylonomus latidens SIZE: 8 inches (20 cm) long FOOD: Insects, snails, millipedes LIVED/FORMATION: Late Carboniferous / Joggins Formation, Nova Scotia	"A tiny little appetizer! Hardly worth the effort of picking out the crunchy exoskeleton. I prefer my snacks wearing red riding hoods, thank you very much."
NAME: Mesosaurus tenuidens SIZE: 3.3 feet (1 meter) long FOOD: Small fish, aquatic crustaceans LIVED/FORMATION: Early Permian / Whitehill Formation, South Africa	"Look at those needle-sharp teeth! Excellent for filtering out pond scum, but completely useless for chewing through a grandmother. Quite a pathetic 'monster' if you ask me."

Order Plesiosauria: Long-Necked Swimmers & Pliosaurs

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus SIZE: 11 feet (3.5 meters) long FOOD: Fish, cephalopods (squid) LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Blue Lias, England	"Now that is a neck! Imagine how many elegant scarves you could knit for it. Looks a bit like a snake threaded through a turtle. Deliciously tender, I bet."
NAME: Cryptoclidus richardsoni SIZE: 13 feet (4 meters) long FOOD: Soft-bodied prey, small fish LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Jurassic / Oxford Clay, England	"It uses its intermeshing teeth like a comb to trap fish. Sneaky. I respect a creature that knows how to corner its dinner when it least expects it."
NAME: Elasmosaurus platyurus SIZE: 50 feet (15.5 meters) long FOOD: Pelagic fish, invertebrates LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Pierre Shale, Kansas	"Seventy-one neck vertebrae! That's just ridiculous. By the time it swallows a fish, the meal is cold before it even reaches the stomach."
NAME: Attenborosaurus conybeari SIZE: 16 feet (5 meters) long FOOD: Fish, squid LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Charmouth Mudstone, England	"Named after a famous nature storyteller! If this monster tried to narrate my fairy tale, it would probably warn the kids that I'm endangered. Hmph."
NAME: Kronosaurus queenslandicus SIZE: 30-33 feet (9-10 meters) long FOOD: Sharks, large fish, marine reptiles LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Toolebuc Formation, Australia	"A pliosaur with a skull the size of a bedroom! Now we are talking. This fellow doesn't play around with fairy tales—he'd swallow Snow White, the dwarfs, and the mirror in one bite."
NAME: Liopleurodon ferox SIZE: 16-23 feet (5-7 meters) long FOOD: Large marine organisms, fish LIVED/FORMATION: Middle to Late Jurassic / Oxford Clay, Europe	"The 90s TV specials claimed this thing was a hundred feet long! Pure fiction. Still, it has an excellent sense of smell underwater. Handy for sniffing out lost children on the beach."

Order Nothosauria & Order Ichthyosauria

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Nothosaurus giganteus SIZE: 13-16 feet (4-5 meters) long FOOD: Fish, marine life LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Triassic / Muschelkalk, Germany	"Lurks on coastlines and slips into the water to hunt. It’s got that classic reptilian grin. I wonder if it knows how to put on a nightcap and pretend to be a grandma?"
NAME: Ichthyosaurus conybeari SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 meters) long FOOD: Fish, squid, ammonites LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Blue Lias, England	"Looks exactly like a dolphin, but don't let the smile fool you—it's a cold-blooded reptile. A bit flashy for my taste; I prefer predators that stay in the shadows."

Order Squamata: Apex Mosasaurs

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Mosasaurus beaugei SIZE: 26-140 feet (8-40 meters) long FOOD: Marine turtles, fish, smaller mosasaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Oulad Abdoun Basin, Morocco	"An aquatic lizard with webbed flippers and crushing jaws. It swallows its food whole. Finally, a creature that understands proper table manners!"
NAME: Tylosaurus rex SIZE: 40-45 feet (12-14 meters) long FOOD: Seabirds, sharks, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Niobrara Chalk, North America	"The king of the Cretaceous seas! It has a hard, bony snout used for ramming its victims. If I had a snout like that, Red Riding Hood’s woodsman wouldn't have stood a chance."

Order Pterosauria: The Winged Fiends

Suborder Rhamphorhynchoidea (Primitive, Long-Tailed Pterosaurs)

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Dimorphodon macronyx SIZE: 4-foot (1.2 m) wingspan FOOD: Insects, lizards, small mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Blue Lias, England	"A head like a puffin and the temperament of a rabid bat! It has two distinct types of teeth—perfect for snapping up scurrying little mammals. I'd better watch my own tail."
NAME: Eudimorphodon ranzii SIZE: 3.3-foot (1 m) wingspan FOOD: Fish, hard-shelled invertebrates LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Zorzino Limestone, Italy	"One of the oldest flying reptiles on record. Its teeth have multiple cusps like a saw. Splendid for grasping slippery fish, but completely useless for eating a juicy piece of cake."
NAME: Anurognathus ammoni SIZE: 20-inch (50 cm) wingspan, tiny body FOOD: Insects LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Solnhofen Limestone, Germany	"It barely has a tail at all! It looks like a fuzzy frog with leather wings. It flies around at night catching bugs. Personally, I find things that go flap in the night to be highly derivative of my work."
NAME: Rhamphorhynchus etchesi SIZE: 4.1-foot (1.25 m) wingspan FOOD: Fish, marine invertebrates LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Kimmeridge Clay, England	"A long, needle-toothed snout that juts forward like a pair of pinking shears. It has a diamond-shaped vane at the end of its tail for steering. Quite theatrical, really."
NAME: Scaphognathus crassirostris SIZE: 3-foot (0.9 m) wingspan FOOD: Small vertebrates, insects LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Solnhofen Limestone, Germany	"Its name means 'tub jaw' because of its blunt, stout snout. Not the prettiest face in the forest. It looks like it crashed into a tree mid-flight and its face stayed that way."
NAME: Sordes pilosus SIZE: 2-foot (0.6 m) wingspan FOOD: Insects, small amphibians LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan	"The name literally translates to 'hairy filth'! Delightful! It was covered in thick, hair-like pycnofibers to keep it warm. Finally, a reptile with a proper fur coat. I approve."

Suborder Pterodactyloidea (Advanced, Short-Tailed Pterosaurs)

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Dsungaripterus weii SIZE: 10-foot (3 m) wingspan FOOD: Clams, shellfish, hard-shelled prey LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Lianmuxin Formation, China	"It has an upturned beak like a pair of rusty pliers, used for prising shellfish out of the mud, and flat back teeth to crush them. Sounds painful. Remind me never to let one bite my nose."
NAME: Caiuajara dobruskii SIZE: 7.5-foot (2.3 m) wingspan FOOD: Fruit, seeds, small animals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Goio-Erê Formation, Brazil	"These creatures lived in massive colonies in prehistoric deserts. They look like they are flying around with giant bony shark fins attached directly to their foreheads."
NAME: Tapejara wellnhoferi SIZE: 11-foot (3.5 m) wingspan FOOD: Seeds, fruits, occasional fish LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Santana Formation, Brazil	"Look at that enormous crest! It’s larger than the rest of its skull. It looks less like a predator and more like an avant-garde hat worn by an eccentric duchess to a royal wedding."
NAME: Pterodaustro guinazui SIZE: 8.2-foot (2.5 m) wingspan FOOD: Plankton, tiny aquatic invertebrates LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Lagarcito Formation, Argentina	"This ridiculous thing has thousands of bristle-like teeth in its lower jaw, acting like a whale's baleen to filter mud. A flying strainer! Imagine trying to look menacing while eating pond scum."
NAME: Cearadactylus atrox SIZE: 18-foot (5.5 m) wingspan FOOD: Fish, small marine life LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Romualdo Formation, Brazil	"The name means 'horrible finger lizard.' Its front jaws form a deadly cage of interlocking teeth. If it swooped down over the woods, it could pluck Snow White right out of Gemma Chan's trailer!"
NAME: Pterodactylus antiquus SIZE: 3.3-foot (1 m) wingspan FOOD: Small fish, invertebrates LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Solnhofen Limestone, Germany	"The classic! The original 'finger-wing.' It's relatively small and dainty. It would make a lovely, exotic pet for a woodcutter's daughter, provided she doesn't mind it nesting in her hair."
NAME: Pteranodon sternbergi SIZE: 20-foot (6 m) wingspan FOOD: Fish, pelagic organisms LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Niobrara Chalk, Kansas	"A giant toothless glider with a massive bony crest pointing backward out of its skull to balance its heavy beak. No teeth at all! How does it expect to terrorize a village without a proper set of fangs?"
NAME: Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni SIZE: 15-to-89-foot (4.5-27 m) wingspan FOOD: Small dinosaurs, early mammals, carrion LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Javelina, Hell Creek Formation, Texas, Montana	"While its cousin Q. northropi was the size of a giraffe, lawsoni here is still big enough to stalk the ground like an overgrown stork. It doesn't even need to fly—it just walks up and swallows you whole. Splendid efficiency!"

Suborder Theropoda: The Meat-Eaters

Infraorder Ceratosauria: Early Carnivores & Abelisaurids

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Coelophysis bauri SIZE: 10 feet (3 m) long FOOD: Small reptiles, insects, mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Chinle Formation, New Mexico	"Skinny, agile, and runs around in packs. They look like feathered greyhounds with teeth. A bit too hyperactive for my tastes."
NAME: Procompsognathus triassicus SIZE: 3.3 feet (1 m) long FOOD: Primitive lizards, insects LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Löwenstein Formation, Germany	"Not to be confused with its cousin Compsognathus! This one has three toes on its hands instead of two. Still small enough to be squashed by a huntsman's boot."
NAME: Saltopus elginensis SIZE: 3-foot (0.9 m) long FOOD: Insects, small vertebrates LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Lossiemouth Sandstone, Scotland	"A tiny little hopper from the north. It weighs less than a rabbit! If I encountered one in the woods, I’d use it as a toothpick."
NAME: Cryolophosaurus ellioti SIZE: 21 feet (6.5 m) long FOOD: Primitive sauropodomorphs LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Hanson Formation, Antarctica	"A dinosaur with an Elvis Presley pompadour crest across its brow! And it lived in Antarctica! Talk about a cool cat. I respect a predator with a sense of style."
NAME: Dilophosaurus wetherilli SIZE: 23 feet (7 m) long FOOD: Small to medium dinosaurs, fish LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Kayenta Formation, Arizona	"Two fragile crests on its head. Real science proves it didn't actually spit venom or expand a neck frill like in the movies—but honestly, that sounds like a marvelous parlor trick I should adopt."
NAME: Ceratosaurus nasicornis SIZE: 18-23 feet (5.5-7 m) long FOOD: Lungfish, crocodiles, sauropods LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Colorado	"It has a horn on its nose and four fingers on its hands. It looks like a classic fairy-tale dragon that forgot its wings. Quite handsome, in a grotesque sort of way."
NAME: Carnotaurus sastrei SIZE: 25-26 feet (7.5-8 m) long FOOD: Large herbivores, small theropods LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / La Colonia Formation, Argentina	"The 'Meat-Eating Bull'! It has actual horns above its eyes and arms so absurdly small they make mine look useful. But don't laugh—those legs were built for sprinting down grandma's garden path."
NAME: Majungasaurus crenatissimus SIZE: 23 feet (7 m) long FOOD: Sauropods, other Majungasaurus LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Maevarano Formation, Madagascar	"A known cannibal! Eating your own relatives? Now that is deliciously wicked, even by my loose moral standards."
NAME: Elaphrosaurus bambergi SIZE: 20 feet (6 m) long FOOD: Small vertebrates, plants (omnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania	"A long, slender ceratosaur that lost its teeth as it grew into an adult. Imagine losing your teeth! A wolf without fangs is just a fancy rug."

Infraorder Carnosauria: Apex Giants

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis SIZE: 15 feet (4.6 m) long FOOD: Fish, marine carcasses, pterosaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Jurassic / Oxford Clay, England	"Its remains were found in marine sediments, meaning it probably combbed beaches for dead things. A bit undignified for a theropod. Hunt your meat while it's still screaming, I say!"
NAME: Megalosaurus bucklandii SIZE: 20 feet (6 m) long FOOD: Stegosaurs, sauropods LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Jurassic / Taynton Limestone, England	"The very first dinosaur ever officially named! A historic pioneer of terror. It deserves a spot in the fairy-tale Hall of Fame alongside me."
NAME: Torvosaurus gurneyi SIZE: 33 feet (10 m) long FOOD: Large herbivorous dinosaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Lourinhã Formation, Portugal	"The biggest predator of Jurassic Europe. Its teeth are over four inches long! This beast doesn't need a disguise; it just smashes the cottage down."
NAME: Baryonyx walkeri SIZE: 25-33 feet (7.5-10 m) long FOOD: Fish (Lepidotes), juvenile Iguanodon LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Weald Clay, England	"It has a giant thumb claw shaped like a hook, used for gaffing fish out of the river. It looks like Captain Hook reincarnated as a scaly marsh-monster."
NAME: Spinosaurus aegyptiacus SIZE: 46-49 feet (14-15 m) long FOOD: Large fish, sharks, sawfish LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Kem Kem Group, Morocco	"A giant crocodile-faced river-monster with a massive sail on its back. It swam through Cretaceous channels like a terrifying, oversized submarine. Completely out-staged me in terms of sheer scale."
NAME: Suchomimus tenerensis SIZE: 31-36 feet (9.5-11 m) long FOOD: Fish, aquatic prey LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Elrhaz Formation, Niger	"The 'Crocodile Mimic.' It has a long, low snout packed with more than a hundred conical teeth. Perfect for a piscatorial feast, but entirely unsuited for whispering sweet nothings to children."
NAME: Albertosaurus sarcophagus SIZE: 28-30 feet (8.6-9 m) long FOOD: Hadrosaurs, ceratopsians LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta	"A sleek, fast-running cousin of the T. rex. The name 'sarcophagus' means flesh-eater or coffin. That's exceptionally grim. I like it."
NAME: Alioramus altai SIZE: 16-20 feet (5-6 m) long FOOD: Small to medium dinosaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"A long-snouted tyrannosaur with a row of five bony bumps along its nose. It looks like it caught a nasty case of prehistoric warts."
NAME: Daspletosaurus horneri SIZE: 29 feet (9 m) long FOOD: Ceratopsians (Centrosaurus) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Two Medicine Formation, Montana	"The 'Frightful Lizard.' It was built like a tank and actively fought horned dinosaurs. It has rough patches on its face that were likely covered in sensitive, tactile scales. Handy for feeling the wind before an ambush."
NAME: Qianzhousaurus sinensis SIZE: 29 feet (9 m) long FOOD: Hadrosaurs, small theropods LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nanxiong Formation, China	"Nicknamed 'Pinocchio Rex' due to its remarkably long, slender snout! If it lies about eating its grandma, does its nose grow even longer?"
NAME: Tarbosaurus bataar SIZE: 33-39 feet (10-12 m) long FOOD: Sauropods (Nemegtosaurus), hadrosaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"The Asian counterpart to the T. rex. It has an even more rigid jaw structure for locking down on struggling prey. Once it bites, there's no escaping to the woods."
NAME: Tyrannosaurus rex SIZE: 40-46 feet (12.3-14.2 m) long FOOD: Triceratops, Edmontosaurus LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek, Lance Formation, Montana, Wyoming	"The Tyrant King itself! A single bite packs six tons of pressure—enough to turn a woodsman into a pancake. If Gemma Chan’s Snow White saw this in her magic mirror, she’d move to another continent."
NAME: Allosaurus europaeus SIZE: 23-39 feet (7-12 m) long FOOD: Stegosaurs, sauropods LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Lourinhã, Morrison Formation, Portugal, New Mexico	"The classic 'different lizard.' It uses its upper jaw like a hatchet to hack into its prey. That’s wonderfully barbaric. It sounds like something straight out of a dark Grimm tale."
NAME: Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis SIZE: 26 feet (8 m) long FOOD: Sauropods (Mamenchisaurus) LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Jurassic / Shaximiao Formation, China	"A fierce carnosaur with deep bony ridges and pits on its snout. It ruled Asia long before the tyrannosaurs took over the throne."
NAME: Acrocanthosaurus atokensis SIZE: 36-38 feet (11-11.5 m) long FOOD: Sauropods (Paluxysaurus) LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Antlers Formation, Oklahoma	"The 'High-Spined Lizard.' It has tall neural spines along its spine, supporting a thick ridge of muscle. It looks like a carnivore that never skipped back day at the gym."
NAME: Carcharodontosaurus iguidensis SIZE: 33-39 feet (10-12 m) long FOOD: Sauropods, iguanodontians LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Echkar Formation, Niger	"The 'Shark-Toothed Lizard.' Its teeth are serrated and razor-sharp, designed for causing massive blood loss. It doesn't crush bone; it just lets its dinner bleed out in the forest."
NAME: Giganotosaurus carolinii SIZE: 40-50 feet (12.2-15.5 m) long FOOD: Sauropods (Limaysaurus) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Candeleros Formation, Argentina	"Even longer than a T. rex, though slightly lighter on its feet. It specialized in hunting colossal sauropods. A true giant-slayer. Jack and his beanstalk have nothing on this monster."

Infraorder Coelurosauria: The Feathered Sleuths & Oddballs

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Coelurus fragilis SIZE: 7.9 feet (2.4 m) long FOOD: Insects, small mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Wyoming	"A small, delicate hunter with hollow, lightweight bones. It's built for stealth and speed, hiding in the brush. Very relatable tactics."
NAME: Moros intrepidus SIZE: 8 feet (2.5 m) long, deer-sized FOOD: Primitive mammals, lizards LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah	"The 'Harbinger of Doom'! This tiny, early ancestor of the T. rex spent millions of years being small before its descendants took over. Good things come to those who wait—and stay hungry."
NAME: Nanotyrannus lethaeus SIZE: 17 feet (5.2 m) long FOOD: Small dinosaurs, mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek Formation, Montana	"Scientists argue if this is a distinct genus or just a moody teenage T. rex. Personally, I know how troublesome children can be—just ask Dylan and Amelie!"
NAME: Proceratosaurus bradleyi SIZE: 10 feet (3 m) long FOOD: Small land animals, insects LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Jurassic / Forest Marble Formation, England	"It has a small crest on its nose. It is the earliest known ancestor of the tyrannosaur line. From small, feathered acorns, mighty giant tyrants grow!"
NAME: Yutyrannus huali SIZE: 30 feet (9 m) long FOOD: Sauropods, smaller theropods LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Yixian Formation, China	"The 'Beautiful Feathered Tyrant.' It was covered in an extensive coat of shaggy, hair-like feathers to survive the cold climates of ancient China. A giant, fluffy killing machine! It’s practically a long-legged wolf!"
NAME: Compsognathus longipes SIZE: 3.3 feet (1 m) long FOOD: Lizards (Bavarisaurus) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Solnhofen Limestone, Germany	"Ah, the classic 'Compy.' It’s the size of a turkey and runs around causing mischief. If you leave your picnic basket unattended in the woods, these little thieves will clean it out."
NAME: Sinosauropteryx lingyuanensis SIZE: 3.5 feet (1.07 m) long FOOD: Lizards, small mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Yixian Formation, China	"The first dinosaur found with direct evidence of feathers! Fossilized pigments show it had a striped, ginger-and-white tail like a lemur. Rose Leslie would look great wearing a coat inspired by this one."
NAME: Archaeornithomimus asiaticus SIZE: 11 feet (3.3 m) long FOOD: Plants, eggs, insects LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Iren Dabasu Formation, Mongolia	"An early 'bird-mimic' dinosaur. It looks like an ostrich with teeth. It spends its days running away from real predators. Cowardly."
NAME: Dromiceiomimus samueli SIZE: 11 feet (3.5 m) long FOOD: Insects, eggs, leaves, lizards LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta	"It has enormous eyes and a bird-like brain. It could outrun a racehorse! Good luck catching this one for dinner; it's gone before you can even open your jaws."
NAME: Gallimimus bullatus SIZE: 20 feet (6 m) long FOOD: Plants, small invertebrates LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"They travel in massive herds, flocking through valleys like overgrown, terrified chickens. Splendid fun to chase if you happen to be a hungry tyrannosaur."
NAME: Ornithomimus velox SIZE: 12 feet (3.8 m) long FOOD: Plants, fruit, small insects LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Denver Formation, Colorado	"The 'Bird Mimic.' Toothless beak, long neck, long legs. It's essentially a prehistoric roadrunner. Meep meep!"
NAME: Struthiomimus altus SIZE: 14 feet (4.3 m) long FOOD: Leaves, seeds, small reptiles LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park, Lance Formation, Alberta, Wyoming	"The 'Ostrich Mimic.' Its hands were long and hook-like, probably used to pull down tree branches. A strict vegetarian, which makes its meat taste clean and lean."
NAME: Deinocheirus mirificus SIZE: 46 feet (14 m) long FOOD: Fish, aquatic plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"The 'Terrible Hand.' For decades, we only found its 8-foot-long arms with giant claws. Turns out it was a giant, hump-backed, duck-billed monster that ate water weed and fish. An absolute freak of nature."
NAME: Oviraptor philoceratops SIZE: 5.2 feet (1.6 m) long FOOD: Lizards, mollusks, seeds (not eggs!) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Djadochta Formation, Mongolia	"Its name means 'Egg Thief' because it was found sitting on a nest. But it turns out it was just a good parent protecting its own eggs! A terrible case of historical slander. I know exactly how that feels."
NAME: Saurornithoides mongoliensis SIZE: 10 feet (3 m) long FOOD: Mammals, small reptiles, insects LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Djadochta Formation, Mongolia	"The 'Bird-Like Reptile.' It has a long snout, huge stereoscopic eyes for night hunting, and a highly advanced brain. Brains are fine, but brawn and teeth win the day."
NAME: Troodon formosus SIZE: 8 feet (2.4 m) long FOOD: Mammals, birds, small dinosaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Prince Creek Formation, Alaska	"Historically heralded as the smartest dinosaur of them all. It has serrated teeth like a saw blade. A clever schemer—my favorite kind of dinosaur."
NAME: Therizinosaurus cheloniformis SIZE: 33 feet (10 m) long FOOD: Foliage, vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"It has giant, scythe-like claws over three feet long on its hands! You’d think it was an ultimate executioner, but it just uses them to scrape down tree leaves. What a massive waste of terrifying cutlery."

Infraorder Deinonychosauria: The Raptors & Early Birds

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Atrociraptor marshalli SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Small mammals, birds LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta	"The 'Savage Robber.' It has a shorter, deeper snout than other raptors, giving it a much stronger bite. A nasty piece of work that would happily nip at your heels."
NAME: Bambiraptor feinbergi SIZE: 3.3 feet (1 m) long FOOD: Small mammals, frogs, birds LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Two Medicine Formation, Montana	"Named after Disney's Bambi! How insulting for a predatory dromaeosaur! It was covered in feathers and had an opposable finger to grab prey. Don't let the sweet name fool you."
NAME: Deinonychus antirrhopus SIZE: 11 feet (3.4 m) long FOOD: Tenontosaurus, small ornithopods LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Cloverly Formation, Montana	"The 'Terrible Claw'! It has a giant, sickle-shaped switchblade claw on each foot used to pin down prey. This is the real-world beast that inspired the movie 'Velociraptors.'"
NAME: Dromaeosaurus albertensis SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Lizards, small mammals, nesting dinosaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta	"The 'Running Lizard.' It was stockier than other raptors, with a heavy skull built for crushing bones rather than just slashing flesh. A robust little rogue."
NAME: Pyroraptor olympius SIZE: 8 feet (2.4 m) long FOOD: Small vertebrates, mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Argiles Rutilantes Formation, France	"The 'Fire Thief,' named because its bones were discovered after a forest fire. It roamed prehistoric Europe. Imagine this thing crashing through the French countryside—tres magnifique!"
NAME: Saurornitholestes sullivani SIZE: 6 feet (1.8 m) long FOOD: Small mammals, juvenile dinosaurs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Kirtland Formation, New Mexico	"It had an exceptional sense of smell, perfect for tracking small, furry things hiding under bushes in the dark. It would make an excellent hunting hound."
NAME: Utahraptor ostrommaysorum SIZE: 18-23 feet (5.5-7 m) long FOOD: Large iguanodontians LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah	"A true monster raptor! It weighed over half a ton and had a foot claw the size of a meat hook. It didn't sneak around—it just ran you down and shredded you. Magnificently terrifying."
NAME: Velociraptor osmolskae SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long, turkey-sized FOOD: Protoceratops, lizards, mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Djadochta Formation, Mongolia	"The real deal! It was actually the size of a shaggy turkey, covered in feathers, and hunted in sandy deserts. A sneaky little opportunist."
NAME: Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi SIZE: 1.6-foot (0.5 m) wingspan FOOD: Insects, small lizards LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Solnhofen Limestone, Germany	"The transitional link between dinosaurs and modern birds! It has teeth, a long bony tail, and wings. It’s basically a magpie with an attitude problem."

Suborder Sauropodomorpha: The Long-Necks

Infraorder Prosauropoda: Early Long-Necks & Smurfs

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis SIZE: 10-20 feet (3-6 m) long FOOD: Small to medium land animals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina	"One of the earliest true dinosaurs. It had a sliding joint in its lower jaw to swallow large chunks of flesh. An excellent adaptation for competitive eating."
NAME: Smurfette smurfensis SIZE: 3 inches (7.5 cm) tall FOOD: Smurfberries, sarsaparilla leaves LIVED/FORMATION: Speculative Triassic / Smurfwood Member, Belgium	"Wait a minute! What is a blue cartoon creature doing in the middle of a scientific dinosaur chart?! She’s not a Herrerasaurid! Though... she is bite-sized, and she’d make a lovely snack if Gargamel doesn't catch her first."
NAME: Staurikosaurus pricei SIZE: 7.4 feet (2.2 m) long FOOD: Lizards, early mammals LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Santa Maria Formation, Brazil	"The 'Southern Cross Lizard.' A nimble, bipedal primitive runner. It had a jaw designed to move backwards and forwards to saw through small prey."
NAME: Anchisaurus polyzelus SIZE: 6.6 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Leaves, shoots, occasional insects LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Portland Formation, Connecticut	"A small, delicate early long-neck that could walk on two legs or four. It spent its days munching ferns. Terribly boring lifestyle."
NAME: Efraasia minor SIZE: 20 feet (6 m) long FOOD: High-canopy vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Löwenstein Formation, Germany	"A slender, long-tailed herbivore. It has small thumb claws to hold onto branches while it eats. It looks like an overgrown lizard trying to climb a salad bar."
NAME: Thecodontosaurus antiquus SIZE: 4 feet (1.2 m) long FOOD: Soft leaves, plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Magnesian Conglomerate, England	"The 'Socket-Toothed Lizard.' Its fossilized bones were found right near Bristol! A proper British dinosaur. I wager it enjoyed its greens with a cup of hot tea."
NAME: Massospondylus kaalae SIZE: 13-20 feet (4-6 m) long FOOD: High-growing vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa	"It had giant, sharp thumb claws on its front feet. Scientists think it used them for defense or digging up roots. Keep those away from my fur, thank you."
NAME: Mussaurus patagonicus SIZE: 10 feet (3 m) adult; babies were only 6 inches! FOOD: Plants, mosses LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / El Tranquilo Formation, Argentina	"The 'Mouse Lizard'! The first fossils found were tiny hatchlings that could fit in the palm of your hand! Absolutely precious. They grow up to be large and uninteresting, but the babies are delightful."
NAME: Plateosaurus gracilis SIZE: 16-33 feet (5-10 m) long FOOD: Cycads, ferns, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Trossingen Formation, Germany	"The classic 'Broad Lizard' of the Triassic. It stood high on its hind legs to reach the tops of trees. It's basically a giant scaly giraffe with a heavy tail."
NAME: Riojasaurus incertus SIZE: 33 feet (10 m) long FOOD: Low-to-mid canopy foliage LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Los Colorados Formation, Argentina	"A massive, heavy-set early sauropodomorph that had to stay on all four legs because it was too heavy to stand up. It’s the point where dinosaurs decided to become organic cranes."

Infraorder Sauropoda: The True Giants

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Barapasaurus tagorei SIZE: 46 feet (14 m) long FOOD: Tree ferns, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Kota Formation, India	"The 'Big-Legged Lizard.' Its leg bones are massive, like stone pillars, built just to hold up its enormous gut. Imagine the size of the stomach ache this thing could get."
NAME: Cetiosaurus oxoniensis SIZE: 52 feet (16 m) long FOOD: High-canopy vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Jurassic / Forest Marble Formation, England	"The 'Whale Lizard.' Early scientists thought it was a giant marine crocodile or a whale because of its sheer size. It turns out it was just a giant land-lubber walking through Oxfordshire."
NAME: Apatosaurus ajax SIZE: 69-85 feet (21-26 m) long FOOD: Ferns, cycads, mosses LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Colorado	"The legendary 'Deceptive Lizard' (long called Brontosaurus). It has a whip-like tail that could crack the sound barrier! If you tried to sneak up behind this one, it would snap you into the next time zone."
NAME: Barosaurus lentus SIZE: 82-157 feet (25-48 m) long FOOD: High treetops, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Utah	"The 'Heavy Lizard.' It has a neck even longer than Diplodocus! Some museum displays show it rearing up on its hind legs to fight off an Allosaurus. Now that is a spectacular piece of choreography."
NAME: Diplodocus hallorum SIZE: 95-105 feet (29-32 m) long FOOD: Low-lying ferns, river plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, New Mexico	"One of the longest dinosaurs known. It has peg-like teeth used like a rake to strip leaves off branches. It just vacuumed up greens all day long. A mindless eating machine."
NAME: Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum SIZE: 85-115 feet (26-35 m) long FOOD: Soft tree foliage, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Shishugou Formation, China	"This thing has a neck that spans nearly 50 feet! That is over half its entire body length! It’s less of a dinosaur and more of a walking bridge with a tail."
NAME: Supersaurus vivianae SIZE: 128-135 feet (39-41 m) long FOOD: High-canopy foliage LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Colorado	"One of the contenders for the longest land animal of all time. It is literally named 'Super Lizard.' If you tried to cook this thing, you’d need an oven the size of London."
NAME: Amargasaurus cazaui SIZE: 33 feet (10 m) long FOOD: Low-lying ferns, ground plants LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / La Amarga Formation, Argentina	"A short-necked sauropod with a double row of high, sharp spines running down its neck! It looks like a punk-rock iguana the size of an elephant."
NAME: Dicraeosaurus sattleri SIZE: 39 feet (12 m) long FOOD: Mid-level vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania	"The 'Forked Lizard,' named for the deep Y-shaped spikes on its vertebrae. It was relatively small for a sauropod, meaning a pack of clever carnivores could actually bring it down."
NAME: Brachiosaurus altithorax SIZE: 65-89 feet (20-27 m) long FOOD: Tree-top conifers, ginkgos LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison, Kota Formation, Colorado, India	"The 'Arm Lizard.' Its front legs are longer than its hind legs, giving it a permanently upward-sloping posture. It could peer into the top windows of a four-story castle. No secret is safe from this long-neck."
NAME: Giraffatitan brancai SIZE: 72-75 feet (22-23 m) long FOOD: High-level foliage LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania	"The 'Giant Giraffe.' Its nostrils were located on the top of its head in a big bony dome. Early scientists thought it used its head like a snorkel, but it was purely a terrestrial skyscraper."
NAME: Sauroposeidon proteles SIZE: 112 feet (34 m) long; 56 feet tall! FOOD: Conifers, broad-leaved plants LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Antlers Formation, Oklahoma	"Named after the Greek god of earthquakes! When this monster walked, the ground shook for miles around. It could lift its head high enough to check the weather in the stratosphere."
NAME: Camarasaurus supremus SIZE: 50-75 feet (15-23 m) long FOOD: Tough plants, conifers, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Colorado	"The 'Chambered Lizard,' featuring large hollow spaces in its vertebrae to reduce weight. It has thick, spoon-shaped teeth for crushing tough, woody plants. A robust, sensible long-neck."
NAME: Euhelopus zdanskyi SIZE: 36-50 feet (11-15 m) long FOOD: High-canopy leaves LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Mengyin Formation, China	"Its name means 'True Marsh Foot.' It had a relatively long neck and a short skull. It's an early member of the group that would eventually lead to the ultimate titanosaurs."
NAME: Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii SIZE: 37-43 feet (11-13 m) long FOOD: Mid-to-high level plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"Its name means 'Rear-Cavity Tail' because its tail vertebrae fit together in an unusual ball-and-socket configuration. Scientists think it could lean back on its tail like a tripod to reach high leaves. Show-off."
NAME: Alamosaurus sanjuanensis SIZE: 85-98 feet (26-30 m) long FOOD: Conifers, flowering plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Ojo Alamo Formation, New Mexico	"The only giant titanosaur known from the late Cretaceous of North America. It lived right alongside Tyrannosaurus rex! Imagine the epic battles between the Tyrant King and this walking mountain."
NAME: Dreadnoughtus schrani SIZE: 85 feet (26 m) long FOOD: Any foliage it could reach LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Argentina	"Named after the giant 'Dreadnought' battleships because it feared absolutely nothing! Weighing as much as twelve elephants, it was completely immune to predators. Must be nice to walk through life without worrying about who wants to eat you."
NAME: Patagotitan mayorum SIZE: 121-122 feet (37 m) long FOOD: High-canopy foliage, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Cerro Barcino Formation, Argentina	"The 'Patagonian Titan.' One of the largest land animals to ever walk the face of the Earth, weighing around 70 tons. It makes a house look like a dog kennel. Simply ridiculous excess."
NAME: Puertasaurus reuili SIZE: 98-115 feet (30-35 m) long FOOD: Cretaceous flora LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Argentina	"It has some of the widest vertebrae ever found—its chest cavity was nearly 16 feet wide! It’s practically a walking ballroom. You could hold a fairy-tale feast inside its ribcage!"
NAME: Saltasaurus loricatus SIZE: 28-40 feet (8.5-12 m) long FOOD: Ground vegetation, ferns LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Lecho Formation, Argentina	"A small titanosaur with a brilliant trick—its back was covered in bony armor plates and small studs (osteoderms) like a crocodile! A long-neck that didn't want to get bitten. Smart move."

Suborder Cerapoda

Infraorder Ornithopoda: The Beaked Grazers & Duckbills

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Echinodon becklesii SIZE: 2 feet (60 cm) long FOOD: Roots, ferns, insects LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Purbeck Group, England	"A tiny, bristly little creature with canine-like teeth in a vegetarian jaw. A total identity crisis! It’s small enough to slip into a stew pot unnoticed."
NAME: Heterodontosaurus tucki SIZE: 3.3 feet (1 m) long FOOD: Plants, small animals LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Elliot Formation, South Africa	"Different types of teeth in one scaly mouth! Sharp tusks at the front, grinding teeth at the back. It looks like a lizard trying to dress up as a vampire bat for Halloween."
NAME: Lesothosaurus diagnosticus SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Ferns, low-lying flora LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Upper Elliot Formation, Lesotho	"A basic, lightweight, fast-running herbivore. No armor, no horns, no defenses whatsoever. Finally, a sensible, uncomplicated meal that runs away in an orderly fashion!"
NAME: Pisanosaurus mertii SIZE: 3.3 feet (1 m) long FOOD: Primitive plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Triassic / Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina	"Long considered one of the earliest ornithischians, though scientists still argue over its true family tree. I don't care about its lineage; I care about how it tastes with a side of wild mushrooms."
NAME: Scutellosaurus lawleri SIZE: 4 feet (1.2 m) long FOOD: Low-growing plants LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Kayenta Formation, Arizona	"A small, long-tailed runner that decided to sprinkle hundreds of tiny bony studs all over its back. It’s like eating a crunchy baked potato that forgot to peel itself."
NAME: Callovosaurus leedsi SIZE: 11 feet (3.5 m) long FOOD: Ferns, horsetails LIVED/FORMATION: Middle Jurassic / Oxford Clay, England	"An early iguanodontian found in the muds of England. Quite plain, quite harmless, and completely overshadowed by the giant sea monsters swimming off the coast."
NAME: Dryosaurus elderae SIZE: 8-14 feet (2.4-4.3 m) long FOOD: Leaves, shoots, seeds LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Utah	"The 'Oak Lizard.' It has a sleek body and large eyes, using speed as its only defense. If Dylan and Amelie tried to chase this one through the woods, it would leave them in the dust."
NAME: Hypsilophodon foxii SIZE: 6 feet (1.8 m) long FOOD: Vegetation, tough plants LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Wessex Formation, Isle of Wight	"Victorian scientists thought this little fellow lived in trees like a tree-kangaroo! Rubbish. It was a ground-dwelling sprinter. Still, a flying dinosaur-monkey sounds like excellent fairy-tale material."
NAME: Nanosaurus agilis SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Low-canopy plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Colorado	"A tiny, agile browser with a long history of confusing names. A nimble snack that spends its life hiding under the legs of giant sauropods."
NAME: Orodromeus makelai SIZE: 8 feet (2.5 m) long FOOD: Shrubbery, roots LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Two Medicine Formation, Montana	"The 'Mountain Runner.' Its nesting sites were found fossilized with beautiful little eggs. A touching family dynamic. Shame it makes them so incredibly easy to track down."
NAME: Parksosaurus warreni SIZE: 8 feet (2.5 m) long FOOD: Ground vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta	"A late-surviving small ornithopod with stiffened tail tendons. It lived right alongside the giant Alberta tyrannosaurs. Talk about stressful neighbors."
NAME: Thescelosaurus garbanii SIZE: 12 feet (3.6 m) long FOOD: Tough, fibrous plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek Formation, Montana	"The 'Wonderful Lizard.' It was stocky, heavy, and built close to the ground. It didn't care about being graceful; it just wanted to chew its salad in peace."
NAME: Camptosaurus dispar SIZE: 16-20 feet (5-6 m) long FOOD: Cycads, ferns LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Wyoming	"The 'Flexible Lizard.' It could walk on two legs to browse or four legs to graze. A versatile vegetarian, though it lacks any proper weapons to defend itself from a real hunter."
NAME: Iguanodon bernissartensis SIZE: 30-33 feet (9-10 m) long FOOD: Conifers, horsetails LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Sainte-Barbe Clays, Belgium	"It has a giant spike on each thumb! Early scientists mistakenly stuck that spike on its nose like a horn. Personally, I think a switchblade thumb is much more sinister. Keep your distance!"
NAME: Muttaburrasaurus langdoni SIZE: 26-30 feet (8-9 m) long FOOD: Tough plants, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Mackunda Formation, Australia	"It features an enormous, hollow, bulbous snout. Scientists believe it used this chamber to make loud, booming calls. A dinosaur with its own built-in megaphone! How obnoxious."
NAME: Ouranosaurus nigeriensis SIZE: 23-27 feet (7-8.3 m) long FOOD: Leaves, fruit, seeds LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Elrhaz Formation, Niger	"A duck-billed relative with a massive sail running down its back! First Spinosaurus, now this guy? What was it with the Cretaceous and giant back decorations?"
NAME: Tenontosaurus dossi SIZE: 20-22 feet (6-6.5 m) long FOOD: Low-growing ferns, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Twin Mountains Formation, Texas	"It has a tail that makes up two-thirds of its entire body length! Packs of Deinonychus used to hunt these down. An absolute classic underdog of the prehistoric world."
NAME: Bactrosaurus johnsoni SIZE: 20 feet (6 m) long FOOD: Early flowering plants, ferns LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Iren Dabasu Formation, Mongolia	"An early, primitive duck-billed dinosaur from Asia. It had robust club-like spines on its vertebrae. A sturdy, blue-collar sort of dinosaur."
NAME: Corythosaurus casuarius SIZE: 26-30 feet (8-9 m) long FOOD: Conifers, twigs, leaves LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park, Lance Formation, Alberta, Wyoming	"The 'Helmet Lizard,' sporting a magnificent, hollow, dinner-plate crest on its head. It looks like it walked out of an ancient Roman legion. Utterly ridiculous headwear."
NAME: Edmontosaurus regalis SIZE: 39-43 feet (12-13 m) long FOOD: Pine needles, tough conifers, twigs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Horseshoe Canyon, Lance Formation, Alberta, Wyoming	"A colossus among duckbills! No horns, no armor, just pure size. Fossilized mummies show it had a fleshy, rooster-like comb on its head. A twelve-ton chicken! Imagine the size of the egg hunt."
NAME: Hadrosaurus foulkii SIZE: 23-26 feet (7-8 m) long FOOD: Cretaceous foliage LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Woodbury Formation, New Jersey	"The official state dinosaur of New Jersey! The very first dinosaur skeleton ever mounted for the public. A true celebrity of the ancient marshes."
NAME: Hypacrosaurus stebingeri SIZE: 30 feet (9 m) long FOOD: Leaves, twigs, shrubs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Two Medicine Formation, Montana	"The name means 'Near the Highest Lizard' because it was almost as big as Tyrannosaurus. It has a high, rounded crest. It spent its entire life trying to avoid being turned into a king-sized buffet."
NAME: Kritosaurus navajovius SIZE: 26-30 feet (8-9 m) long FOOD: Flowering plants, leaves LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Kirtland Formation, New Mexico	"Known for its distinctive 'Roman nose'—a big, bony hump on its snout. It gives the creature a very snobbish, judgmental expression. I don't care for its attitude."
NAME: Lambeosaurus magnicristatus SIZE: 30-33 feet (9-10 m) long FOOD: Twigs, leaves, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta	"This one has a crest shaped like a giant hatchet pointing forward over its face! How does it see where it's going? It looks like an accident waiting to happen."
NAME: Maiasaura peeblesorum SIZE: 30 feet (9 m) long FOOD: Ferns, berries, wood rot LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Two Medicine Formation, Montana	"The 'Good Mother Lizard.' They nested in massive colonies, taking care of their helpless babies. It’s sickeningly sweet. If Gemma Chan’s Snow White ran a daycare, this would be her mascot."
NAME: Olorotitan arharensis SIZE: 26 feet (8 m) long FOOD: High-quality Cretaceous leaves LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Tsagayan Formation, Russia	"The 'Giant Swan' from the far east of Russia. It has a spectacular crest on its head shaped like a fan or a boat paddle pointing backward. Very elegant, if you like that sort of thing."
NAME: Parasaurolophus walkeri SIZE: 24-34 feet (7.5-10.4 m) long FOOD: Leaves, twigs, pine needles LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Kaiparowits Formation, Utah	"It has a giant, six-foot-long hollow tube blast-horn extending from the back of its skull! It used it to trumpet across the primeval landscape. I prefer my woods quiet and serene, not blasted by prehistoric brass sections."
NAME: Prosaurolophus maximus SIZE: 28 feet (8.5 m) long FOOD: High-fiber conifers, ferns LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Bearpaw Formation, Alberta	"The ancestor of Saurolophus, featuring a small, solid bony ridge right in front of its eyes. It's a very conservative, no-nonsense look."
NAME: Saurolophus osborni SIZE: 28-32 feet (8.5-9.8 m) long FOOD: Plants, twigs, leaves LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta	"It has a solid, spike-like crest pointing straight backward out of its skull. Scientists think it might have had inflatable skin flaps over its nose to signal its friends. Disgusting display."
NAME: Shantungosaurus giganteus SIZE: 49-54 feet (15-16.5 m) long FOOD: Colossal amounts of Cretaceous flora LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Wangshi Group, China	"The largest non-sauropod dinosaur of all time! It weighs over sixteen tons! A duckbill the size of a giant cargo plane. Even a T. rex would look at this thing and think twice about ordering the mega-sized portion."
NAME: Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus SIZE: 27-33 feet (8.3-10 m) long FOOD: Leaves, shrubs, fruit LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Jiangjunding Formation, China	"For decades, scientists thought it had a single, unicorn-like spike pointing straight up from its forehead! New fossils show it was actually part of a larger, hollow crest—but the unicorn myth was far more poetic."

Infraorder Ceratopia: The Bone-Heads & Horned Monarchs

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Dracorex hogwartsia SIZE: 10 feet (3 m) long FOOD: Ferns, roots, fruits LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek Formation, Montana	"The 'Dragon King of Hogwarts'! It has a flat skull covered in spikes, bumps, and horns, looking exactly like a fairy-tale dragon. Some buzzkill scientists claim it's just a teenage Pachycephalosaurus, but I prefer the magical name."
NAME: Homalocephale calathocercos SIZE: 6 feet (1.8 m) long FOOD: Leaves, seeds LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"The 'Flat Head.' Unlike its cousins, the top of its skull is completely flat and rimmed with small bony nodules. It looks like it’s wearing a very fashionable scaly beret."
NAME: Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis SIZE: 15 feet (4.5 m) long FOOD: Leaves, seeds, occasional insects LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek Formation, Montana	"The ultimate bone-head! Its skull roof is ten inches of solid bone. They used to think they slammed their heads together like mountain goats, but they probably just rammed each other's flanks. Still painful!"
NAME: Prenocephale prenes SIZE: 8 feet (2.4 m) long FOOD: Low-growing plants, fruits LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Nemegt Formation, Mongolia	"The 'Sloping Head.' It has a beautiful, fully domed skull covered in rows of tiny bony spikes. It looks like a walking bowling ball with teeth."
NAME: Stegoceras validum SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Soft leaves, fruits LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta	"A small, agile bone-head. It had a prominent dome and large eyes. A hyperactive little imp that would be terribly frustrating to corner in a dark alley."
NAME: Stygimoloch spinifer SIZE: 10 feet (3 m) long FOOD: Ground vegetation, roots LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek Formation, Montana	"The 'Demon from the River Styx'! It has a small dome surrounded by massive, cluster-like horns at the back of its head. It looks like a creature straight out of a campfire horror story."
NAME: Psittacosaurus meileyingensis SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Nuts, seeds, tough fibers LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Jiufotang Formation, China	"The 'Parrot Lizard.' It has a sharp beak and a row of long, bristly structures on its tail that look like a punk-rock mohawk. A truly bizarre design."
NAME: Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi SIZE: 3.3 feet (1 m) long FOOD: Desert scrub, tough plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Barun Goyot Formation, Mongolia	"The 'Small Horned Face.' It has a tiny little frill and a minute horn on its nose. It looks like a miniature pug version of a Triceratops. Pathetic."
NAME: Leptoceratops gracilis SIZE: 6.5 feet (2 m) long FOOD: Tough, low-lying plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Scollard Formation, Alberta	"A primitive horned dinosaur that lived at the very end of the Cretaceous. It had no horns at all and a very small frill. It completely missed the memo on modern ceratopsian fashion."
NAME: Montanoceratops cerorhynchus SIZE: 10 feet (3 m) long FOOD: Fibrous plants, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / St. Mary River Formation, Montana	"It has a deep jaw and a distinct horn on its nose, with deep claws on its feet. A rustic, old-school ceratopsian."
NAME: Protoceratops hellenikorhinus SIZE: 6.5-8 feet (2-2.5 m) long FOOD: Tough desert flora, roots LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Bayan Mandahu Formation, Inner Mongolia	"The classic 'sheep of the Cretaceous.' They had massive, sharp beaks. Ancient travelers found their skeletons in the Gobi Desert and invented the legend of the Griffin! A fine bit of folklore."
NAME: Brachyceratops montanensis SIZE: 13 feet (4 m) long FOOD: Cretaceous brush LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Two Medicine Formation, Montana	"Known only from juvenile specimens! A little, short-frilled youngster. I love juveniles—they're so much easier to catch and significantly more tender."
NAME: Centrosaurus apertus SIZE: 18-20 feet (5.5-6 m) long FOOD: Tough ferns, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta	"It has a single massive horn on its nose and two curved hooks draping forward over the top of its frill. It looks like its armor was designed by a chaotic blacksmith."
NAME: Chasmosaurus belli SIZE: 16-19 feet (4.8-5.8 m) long FOOD: Low-lying ferns, shrubs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta	"The 'Opening Lizard,' named for the enormous hollow windows in its giant, heart-shaped neck frill. The frill was mostly skin and muscle—useless for defense, but brilliant for showing off."
NAME: Lokiceratops rangiformis SIZE: 22 feet (6.7 m) long FOOD: Cretaceous flora LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Judith River Formation, Montana	"Named after the Norse god Loki! It has the largest, most extravagant frill horns ever seen on a ceratopsian, curved like blades. It looks like a trickster god ready to cause absolute mayhem."
NAME: Nasutoceratops titusi SIZE: 15 feet (4.5 m) long FOOD: Shrubbery, ferns LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Kaiparowits Formation, Utah	"The 'Large-Nosed Horned Face.' It has long, curved brow horns that look exactly like a modern Texas Longhorn bull. Yee-haw! A cowboy dinosaur."
NAME: Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai SIZE: 16-26 feet (5-8 m) long FOOD: Tough wood fibers, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Wapiti, Hell Creek Formation, Alberta, Montana	"Instead of horns, it has a massive, rough bony boss on its snout like a giant battering ram. If you try to bite its face, you’ll break every single tooth in your skull."
NAME: Pentaceratops sternbergii SIZE: 20-23 feet (6-7 m) long FOOD: Tough ferns, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Fruitland Formation, New Mexico	"The 'Five-Horned Face.' It has one of the largest skulls of any land animal in history, standing over nine feet tall! Its neck frill is practically a billboard."
NAME: Sinoceratops zhuchengensis SIZE: 20 feet (6 m) long FOOD: Tough vegetation, shrubs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Xingezhuang Formation, China	"The first true ceratopsid found in China. It has a series of beautiful, forward-curving hooks along the rim of its frill, like a scaly crown. Regal!"
NAME: Styracosaurus ovatus SIZE: 18 feet (5.5 m) long FOOD: Palm ferns, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Two Medicine Formation, Montana	"The 'Spiked Lizard.' It has a single massive nose horn and six giant, lethal spikes radiating from its frill. It looks like an explosion in a knife factory. Absolute overkill."
NAME: Triceratops horridus SIZE: 26-30 feet (8-9 m) long FOOD: Low-growing fibrous plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek, Lance Formation, Montana, Wyoming	"The ultimate three-horned monarch! Built like a biological tank, it routinely went toe-to-toe with Tyrannosaurus rex. If Rose Leslie’s Red Riding Hood rode one of these into battle, I’d throw in the towel immediately."

Suborder Thyreophora: The Armored Tanks

Infraorder Stegosauria: The Plated Defenders

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis SIZE: 13 feet (4 m) long FOOD: Low-lying ferns, mosses LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Shaximiao Formation, China	"A small, primitive stegosaur with highly raised plates and a tail tip packed with a cluster of five spikes. A very spikey little cushion."
NAME: Gigantspinosaurus sichuanensis SIZE: 14 feet (4.2 m) long FOOD: Ground vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Shaximiao Formation, China	"Despite the grand name, it’s not giant—but its shoulder spikes are! It has two enormous, curved blades bursting sideways from its shoulders like a tricked-out hot rod."
NAME: Kentrosaurus aethiopicus SIZE: 15 feet (4.5 m) long FOOD: Low-growing foliage LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania	"The 'Spike Lizard.' It swaps out flat back plates for long, lethal spikes along its lower back and tail, plus giant spikes on its hips. It’s an organic pincushion. Nasty."
NAME: Stegosaurus stenops SIZE: 26-32 feet (8-9.8 m) long FOOD: Ferns, mosses, horsetails LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Morrison Formation, Colorado	"The iconic plate-back! It has a brain the size of a walnut and a tail weapon (the thagomizer) packed with four massive spikes. It can drive those spikes right through an Allosaurus. Brains are clearly overrated."
NAME: Tuojiangosaurus multispinus SIZE: 23 feet (7 m) long FOOD: Low-canopy plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Jurassic / Shaximiao Formation, China	"The Asian cousin of Stegosaurus, featuring narrow, cone-like plates and a highly defensive stance. It’s built low to the ground to keep its belly safe."
NAME: Wuerhosaurus ordosensis SIZE: 16-23 feet (5-7 m) long FOOD: Ferns, ground flora LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Ejinhoro Formation, China	"One of the last surviving stegosaurs. Its back plates are very long, low, and rounded, looking like a row of flat watermelons attached to its spine. Strange choice of attire."
NAME: Scelidosaurus harrisonii SIZE: 13 feet (4 m) long FOOD: Low-stature plants LIVED/FORMATION: Early Jurassic / Charmouth Mudstone, England	"The grand ancestor of all armored dinosaurs! An early British classic, covered in horizontal rows of bony studs. It’s the direct link to the giant club-tailed tanks."

Infraorder Ankylosauria: The Walking Vaults

Monster Facts	The Wolf's Comments
NAME: Hylaeosaurus armatus SIZE: 16 feet (5 m) long FOOD: Low-lying ferns, cycads LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Grinstead Clay, England	"The 'Forest Lizard.' It was the third dinosaur ever named in history! It features a massive collar of sharp spines around its neck and shoulders. Very hostile reception."
NAME: Nodosaurus textilis SIZE: 13-20 feet (4-6 m) long FOOD: Ground vegetation LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Frontier Formation, Wyoming	"The 'Knobbed Lizard.' Its armor forms a beautifully woven pattern of small bony plates across its back. No tail club, but trying to bite this is like chewing on a cobblestone street."
NAME: Panoplosaurus mirus SIZE: 16-23 feet (5-7 m) long FOOD: Low-growing shrubs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta	"The name means 'Completely Armored Lizard.' It didn't even have spikes; it just had massive, overlapping puzzle-pieces of bone covering its entire body. A walking bank vault."
NAME: Sauropelta edwardsorum SIZE: 17-20 feet (5.2-6 m) long FOOD: Low ferns, conifers LIVED/FORMATION: Early Cretaceous / Cloverly Formation, Montana	"The 'Shield Lizard.' It has a massive tail and enormous, foot-long spikes pointing outward from its neck to protect its throat. An excellent defense against overzealous wolves."
NAME: Silvisaurus condrayi SIZE: 13 feet (4 m) long FOOD: Soft ground plants LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dakota Formation, Kansas	"A primitive nodosaur that kept small teeth in the front of its beak! Most armored tanks lost their front teeth entirely. A nostalgic little conservative."
NAME: Struthiosaurus transilvanicus SIZE: 6.5-10 feet (2-3 m) long FOOD: Island flora, shrubs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Sânpetru Formation, Romania	"The 'Ostrich Lizard'—though it looks nothing like an ostrich! It was a dwarf armored dinosaur that lived on a prehistoric island. A pint-sized tank for a pint-sized kingdom."
NAME: Ankylosaurus magniventris SIZE: 24-35 feet (7.5-10 m) long FOOD: Ferns, low-growing shrubs LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Hell Creek, Lance Formation, Montana, Wyoming	"The undisputed king of armor! It is completely encased in bone—even its eyelids are armored! And that tail club can shatter a T. rex's ankles into powder. If you see this thing coming, run the other way!"
NAME: Euoplocephalus tutus SIZE: 18-20 feet (5.5-6 m) long FOOD: Ground vegetation, roots LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta	"The 'Well-Armored Head.' Its entire skull is fused into a single solid helmet of bone. It’s the ultimate medieval knight of the dinosaur world."
NAME: Pinacosaurus grangeri SIZE: 16 feet (5 m) long FOOD: Low desert scrub LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Djadochta Formation, Mongolia	"A smooth, elegant ankylosaur with extra breathing holes in its nose to filter out desert sand. A highly sophisticated piece of tactical equipment."
NAME: Tarchia teresae SIZE: 23-26 feet (7-8 m) long FOOD: Desert plants, roots LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous / Barun Goyot Formation, Mongolia	"The name literally means 'Brainy One' because its skull cavity was slightly larger than its cousins—though that’s not saying much. It used that brain to swing its massive tail club with pinpoint accuracy."

🗂️ Non-Reptiles (Synapsids & Early Mammals)

MONSTER FACTS	Red Riding Hood's COMMENTS
NAME: Alphadon halleyi SIZE: About 12 inches (30 cm) long; weighed less than a pound FOOD: Insects, small fruits, and seeds (Omnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Cretaceous (Hell Creek Formation, North America)	"This tiny little marsupial relative looks harmless enough, but it has to dodge massive dinosaurs every single day just to survive in the undergrowth!"
NAME: Bulbasaurus phylloxyron SIZE: Around 8 to 10 inches long (Small dicynodont) FOOD: Tough, fibrous vegetation and roots (Herbivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Permian (Vryheid Formation, South Africa)	"Despite the name, it's not a Pokémon! It uses that sharp beak of its to dig up roots. My kids, Dylan and Amelie, think it looks adorable."
NAME: Dimetrodon grandis SIZE: Up to 15 feet (4.6 meters) long; weighed around 550 lbs FOOD: Large fish, amphibians, and other tetrapods (Carnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Early Permian (Texas Red Beds, North America)	"Now that massive sail on its back is terrifying! It looks like a giant reptile, but it's actually closer to us mammals. Keep the kids far away from this apex predator!"
NAME: Lystrosaurus curvatus SIZE: Around 3 feet (1 meter) long; heavy, robust build FOOD: Roots, ferns, and low-growing Permian flora (Herbivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Permian to Early Triassic (Balfour Formation, South Africa / Antarctica)	"A true survivor. This tusks-and-beak creature managed to pull through the Great Dying extinction event when almost everything else perished."

🐟 Prehistoric Fish & Apex Sharks

MONSTER FACTS	Red Riding Hood's COMMENTS
NAME: Dunkleosteus amblyodoratus SIZE: Estimated around 16 to 46 feet (5 to 14 meters) long FOOD: Fish, sharks, and even other Dunkleosteus (Carnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Late Devonian (Cleveland Shale, Ohio, USA)	"It doesn't even have true teeth—just giant, self-sharpening bony armor plates for jaws! It could crush through a knight's armor like an eggshell."
NAME: Otodus megalodon SIZE: Up to 50 to 60 feet (15 to 18 meters) long FOOD: Whales, large marine mammals, and giant sea turtles (Apex Carnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Miocene to Pliocene (Global oceans / Yorktown Formation)	"The ultimate nightmare of the deep sea. Snow White and I were looking at a model of its jaw, and an adult human can stand completely upright inside it!"

🧬 INGEN HYBRID

MONSTER FACTS	Jack and Cinderella's COMMENTS
NAME: Ankylodocus SIZE: Around 60 to 75 feet long; weighed roughly 30 tons FOOD: Large-scale plant life and high-canopy leaves (Herbivore) LIVED/FORMATION: InGen Laboratories (Isla Nublar / Genetic Hybrid)	Jack: "A long-neck with a spiked club tail? It looks like a beanstalk that grew defensive spikes. At least it only wants to eat leaves." Cinderella: "It's a beautiful giant, but the armor tells me it was bred to survive some incredibly harsh environments."
NAME: Indominus rex SIZE: 50 feet (15 meters) long; up to 18 feet tall FOOD: Anything that moves (Hyper-carnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: InGen Hammond Creation Lab (Isla Nublar)	Jack: "This isn't a natural animal; it's a monster made for a nightmare. It can camouflage itself completely in the forest!" Cinderella: "The poor thing was raised in complete isolation, which only made its natural predatory instincts more erratic and dangerous."
NAME: Indoraptor SIZE: 24 feet (7.3 meters) long; around 1.1 tons FOOD: Meat / Specialized combat targets (Carnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Lockwood Manor Lab (Prototype Hybrid)	Jack: "It runs on all fours like a hound but climbs like a giant monkey. It's built like a weapon, plain and simple." Cinderella: "It responds to laser sights and sonic frequencies. It's deeply tragic how science was twisted to make a living tool of war."
NAME: Scorpios rex SIZE: 26 feet long; highly erratic, agile build FOOD: Meat (Uncontrollable Carnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: Dr. Wu's Secret Lab (The First Hybrid Experiment)	Jack: "Watch out for the tail! Those venomous quills can fly out like arrows. It moves so unnaturally it makes my skin crawl." Cinderella: "Dr. Wu's earliest hybrid success was deemed too mentally unstable to ever be shown to the public. Seeing it, I understand why."
NAME: Spinoceratops SIZE: 35 feet long; features a heavy sail and a horned frill FOOD: Vegetation, supplemented by aquatic plants (Herbivore / Omnivore tendencies) LIVED/FORMATION: InGen / Mantah Corp Testing Facilities	Jack: "A spinosaur sail combined with a ceratopsian shield face. It looks heavy, but it swims surprisingly fast!" Cinderella: "A unique mix. Despite its aggressive look, it seems much more content grazing peacefully than hunting."
NAME: Spinoraptor SIZE: 28 feet long; slender, aggressive theropod build FOOD: Fish and medium-sized dinosaurs (Carnivore) LIVED/FORMATION: InGen Lab Databases / Simulation Testing	Jack: "It blends the agility of a raptor with the sheer biting power and aquatic advantages of a Spinosaurus." Cinderella: "The sleek sail along its spine makes it distinctive, but those sharp sickle claws mean it's just as lethal on land as it is near water."
NAME: Stegoceratops SIZE: 30 feet long; features back plates and a heavy horned head frill FOOD: Low-lying ferns, shrubs, and tough roots (Herbivore) LIVED/FORMATION: InGen Genetic Hybrid Database	Jack: "Talk about double defense! If the three facial horns don't stop a predator, the rows of heavy back plates will." Cinderella: "A remarkable synthesis of two distinct herbivore families. It proves that even the most defensive animals can look majestic."

📰 Article(s) of the same category(ies)

• List of Dinosauria 2
• Prehistoric animalia from JWE2
• Indominus rex
• Ingen Dinosaurs
• Teodora Villavicencio's The illustrated encyclopaedia of dinosaurs
• Dinosaurs by Halstead, L. B; Halstead, Jenny
• Prehistoric list

---