Disclosure of draft evaders
Script error: No such module "AfC submission catcheck". Disclosure of draft evaders is Discloses information on those who Draft refusers/evaders(a South Korean males who refusing/evading the draft, etc.) under the Conscription in South Korea.
Background to Introduction[edit]
The Military Manpower Administration stated the background to introduction of Draft evaders disclosure; "To promote a fair culture of military service throughout society by disclosing the personal information of those who avoid military service without justifiable reasons at home or abroad on the website to prevent the occurrence of military service evasion and to fulfill their sincere military service obligations."
Related legislation[edit]
Legislation | Korean | English |
---|---|---|
Military Service Act[1][2] |
์ 81์กฐ์ 2(๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๊ธฐํผ์์ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ ๋ฑ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ) โ ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ฅ์ ๋ค์ ๊ฐ ํธ์ ์ด๋ ํ๋์ ํด๋นํ๋ ์ฌ๋์ ๋ํด์๋ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๊ณผ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๋ฏธ์ดํ ์ฌํญ ๋ฑ์ ์ธํฐ๋ท ํํ์ด์ง ๋ฑ์ ๊ณต๊ฐํ ์ ์๋ค. ๋ค๋ง, ์ง๋ณ, ์๊ฐ ๋ฑ ๋ํต๋ น๋ น์ผ๋ก ์ ํ๋ ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ๊ทธ๋ฌํ์ง ์๋ํ๋ค. <๊ฐ์ 2016. 5. 29., 2019. 12. 31.> 1. ์ 70์กฐ์ 1ํญ ๋๋ ์ 3ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ํ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ง ์๋ํ๊ณ ์ถ๊ตญํ ์ฌ๋, ๊ตญ์ธ์ ์ฒด๋ฅํ๊ณ ์๋ ์ฌ๋ ๋๋ ์ ๋นํ ์ฌ์ ์์ด ํ๊ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ์ ๊ท๊ตญํ์ง ์๋ํ ์ฌ๋(์ 83์กฐ์ 2ํญ์ 10ํธ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ท๊ตญ๋ช ๋ น์ ์๋ฐํ์ฌ ๊ท๊ตญํ์ง ์๋ํ ์ฌ๋์ ํฌํจํ๋ค) 2. ์ ๋นํ ์ฌ์ ์์ด ๋ณ์ญํ์ ๊ฒ์ฌ, ์ฌ๋ณ์ญํ์ ๊ฒ์ฌ, ์ ์ฒด๊ฒ์ฌ, ํ์ธ์ ์ฒด๊ฒ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ง ์๋ํ๋ ์ฌ๋ 3. ์ ๋นํ ์ฌ์ ์์ด ํ์ญ ์ ์ ๋๋ ์ฌํ๋ณต๋ฌด์์ใ๋์ฒด๋ณต๋ฌด์์ ์์ง์ด๋ ๊ตฐ์ฌ๊ต์ก์์ง์ ์ํ์ง ์๋ํ๋ ์ฌ๋ โก ์ 1ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๊ณต๊ฐํ๋ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๊ณผ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๊ธฐํผใ๋ฉดํ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ๋ฉด ์ฌํญ ๋ฑ์ ๋ํ ๊ณต๊ฐ ์ฌ๋ถ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ํ๊ธฐ ์ํ์ฌ ๊ดํ ์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ(์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ง์ฒญ์ ํฌํจํ๋ค. ์ดํ ์ด ์กฐ์์ ๊ฐ๋ค)์ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด๊ธฐํผ๊ณต๊ฐ์ฌ์์์ํ(์ดํ ์ด ์กฐ์์ โ์์ํโ๋ผ ํ๋ค)๋ฅผ ๋๋ค. โข ๊ดํ ์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ฅ์ ์์ํ์ ์ฌ์๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น ์ ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋์์์๊ฒ ์ 1ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ ๋ฑ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋์์์์ ํต์งํ์ฌ ์๋ช ๊ธฐํ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ด์ผ ํ๋ฉฐ, ํต์ง์ผ๋ถํฐ 6๊ฐ์์ด ์ง๋ ํ ์์ํ๋ก ํ์ฌ๊ธ ์ ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋์์์ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ์ดํ ์ํฉ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ์ฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ ์ฌ๋ถ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฌ์ํ๊ฒ ํ ํ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋์์๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ ํ๋ค. โฃ ์ 1ํญ๋ถํฐ ์ 3ํญ๊น์ง์ ๊ท์ ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ฐ ์ฌํญ, ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ, ๊ณต๊ฐ ์ ์ฐจ ๋ฐ ์์ํ์ ๊ตฌ์ฑใ์ด์์ ํ์ํ ์ฌํญ์ ๋ํต๋ น๋ น์ผ๋ก ์ ํ๋ค. [๋ณธ์กฐ์ ์ค 2014. 12. 30.] |
Article 81-2 (Disclosure of Personal Information, etc. of Persons Who Evade Military Service)[3] (1) With regard to any of the following persons, the Commissioner of the Military Manpower Administration may disclose his personal information and his failure to perform the military service on the website: Provided, That the same shall not apply where there are grounds prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as any disease or imprisonment: <Amended by Act No. 14183, May 29, 2016, Amended by Act No. 16852, December 31, 2019> 1. Any one who has left the Republic of Korea without obtaining permission prescribed in Article 70 (1) or (3), who has stayed in a foreign country or who has failed to return to the Republic of Korea during a period permitted without any justifiable ground (including persons who have failed to return to the Republic of Korea, in violation of an order to return to the Republic of Korea pursuant to Article 83 (2) 10); 2. Persons who have failed to undergo a draft physical examination, follow-up draft physical examination, physical examination or physical examination for confirmation without justifiable grounds; 3. Persons who have failed to respond to enlistment for active duty service, call-up to social work personnel, call-up to alternative service personnel or call for military education, without any justifiable grounds. (2) The Deliberative Committee on Disclosure of Evasion of Mandatory Military Service (hereinafter referred to as the "Committee" in this Article) shall be established under the jurisdiction of the competent regional military manpower office (including each regional military manpower branch office) so as to deliberate on whether personal information disclosed pursuant to paragraph (1) and matters concerning evasion of mandatory military service or reduction of or exemption from mandatory military service shall be disclosed. (3) The director of the competent regional military manpower office shall give an opportunity of vindication to persons subject to disclosure who have underwent deliberation by the Committee by notifying them of the fact that their personal information prescribed in paragraph (1) may be disclosed, and determine persons whose personal information shall be disclosed by requesting the Committee to re-deliberate on whether to disclose personal information by taking into account the actual status concerning performance of mandatory military service by persons subject to disclosure after six months elapse from the date when the notification is made. (4) Matters necessary for the organization and operation of the Committee, and matters to be disclosed pursuant to paragraphs (1) through (3) and methods and procedures for disclosure shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 12906, Dec. 30, 2014] |
Enforcement decree of the Military Service Act[4][5] |
์ 160์กฐ(๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๊ธฐํผ์์ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ ๋ฑ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ) โ ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์2์ 1ํญ ๊ฐ ํธ ์ธ์ ๋ถ๋ถ ๋จ์์์ โ์ง๋ณ, ์๊ฐ ๋ฑ ๋ํต๋ น๋ น์ผ๋ก ์ ํ๋ ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐโ๋ ๋ค์ ๊ฐ ํธ์ ์ด๋ ํ๋์ ํด๋นํ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ๋ค. 1. ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์2์ 2ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด๊ธฐํผ๊ณต๊ฐ์ฌ์์์ํ(์ดํ ์ด ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ 161์กฐ์์ โ์์ํโ๋ผ ํ๋ค)๊ฐ ์ง๋ณ, ์๊ฐ ๋๋ ์ฒ์ฌ์ง๋ณ ๋ฑ์ ์ฌ์ ๋ก ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ดํํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ค์ด ๋ถ๋์ดํ ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ค๊ณ ์ธ์ ํ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ 2. ์์ํ๊ฐ ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์2์ 1ํญ ๊ฐ ํธ์ ์ด๋ ํ๋์ ํด๋นํ๋ ์ฌ๋(์ดํ ์ด ์กฐ์์ โ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๊ธฐํผ์โ๋ผ ํ๋ค)์ ๊ณต๊ฐํ ์ค์ต์ด ์๊ฑฐ๋ ๊ณต๊ฐํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๋ถ์ ์ ํ๋ค๊ณ ์ธ์ ํ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ โก ๊ดํ ์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ฅ(์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ง์ฒญ์ฅ์ ํฌํจํ๋ค. ์ดํ ์ด ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ 161์กฐ์์ ๊ฐ๋ค)์ ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์2์ 3ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋์์์๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ ์กฐ ์ 1ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ ๋ฑ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋์์์์ ํต์งํ ๋์๋ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ดํํ๋๋ก ์ด๊ตฌํ๊ณ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ดํํ์ง ๋ชปํ ๋ถ๋์ดํ ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ๊ทธ์ ๊ดํ ์๋ช ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ ์ถํ๋๋ก ์๋ดํ์ฌ์ผ ํ๋ค. โข ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์2์ 1ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๊ณต๊ฐํ๋ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๊ธฐํผ์์ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๊ณผ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๋ฏธ์ดํ ์ฌํญ ๋ฑ(์ดํ ์ด ์กฐ์์ โ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๋ฑโ์ด๋ผ ํ๋ค)์ ๋ค์ ๊ฐ ํธ์ ๊ฐ๋ค. 1. ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๊ธฐํผ์์ ์ฑ๋ช , ์ฐ๋ น, ์ฃผ์ 2. ๊ธฐํผ์ผ์ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํผ์์ง 3. ๋ฒ ์๋ฐ ์กฐํญ โฃ ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์2์ 1ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ฐ๋ ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ ์ธํฐ๋ท ํํ์ด์ง ๋๋ ๊ดํ ์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ(์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ง์ฒญ์ ํฌํจํ๋ค. ์ดํ ์ด ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ 161์กฐ์์ ๊ฐ๋ค) ์ธํฐ๋ท ํํ์ด์ง์ ๊ฒ์ํ๋ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก ํ๋ค. โค ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ฅ์ ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์2์ 1ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ ์ธํฐ๋ท ํํ์ด์ง์ ๊ฒ์๋ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด ๊ธฐํผ์๊ฐ ๋ณ์ญ์๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ดํํ๋ ๋ฑ ๊ทธ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๋ฑ์ ๊ณต๊ฐํ ์ค์ต์ด ์๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ์ 3ํญ ๊ฐ ํธ์ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๋ฑ์ ์ญ์ ํ์ฌ์ผ ํ๋ฉฐ, ๊ดํ ์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ ์ธํฐ๋ท ํํ์ด์ง์ ๊ฒ์๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ๊ดํ ์ง๋ฐฉ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ฅ์ผ๋ก ํ์ฌ๊ธ ์ 3ํญ ๊ฐ ํธ์ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๋ฑ์ ์ญ์ ํ๋๋ก ํ์ฌ์ผ ํ๋ค. โฅ ์ 5ํญ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ ์ฌํญ๋ฑ์ ์ญ์ ํ๋ ๊ธฐ์ค๊ณผ ์ ์ฐจ ๋ฑ ์ธ๋ถ์ฌํญ์ ๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ์ฅ์ด ์ ํ๋ค. [๋ณธ์กฐ์ ์ค 2015. 6. 30.] |
Article 160 (Disclosure of Personal Information, etc. of Persons who Evade Obligatory Military Service) [6] (1) "Where grounds prescribed by Presidential Decree exist, such as disease orimprisonment" in the proviso to the main body of Article 81-2 (1) of the Act means any of the following cases: 1. Where there exist inevitable grounds recognized by the Deliberative Committee on Disclosure of Evasion of Mandatory Military Service prescribed in Article 81-2 (2) of the Act (hereinafter referred to as the Committee" in this Article and Article 161) to make it impracticable to perform the duty of military service due to grounds, such as disease, imprisonment, natural disaster; 2. Where the Committee recognizes that it is no useful to disclose persons falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 81-2 (1) of the Act (hereinafter referred to as "persons who evade obligatory military service) or deems it improper to disclose them. (2) Where the director of the competent regional military manpower office (including the head of the regional military manpower branch office; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article and Article 161) notifies persons subject to provisional disclosure pursuant to Article 81-2 (3) of the Act of the fact their personal information, etc. is to be disclosed pursuant to Article 81-2 (1), he shall urge them to perform the duty of military service or he shall request them to submit materials for explanation where there exist extenuating circumstances which make it impracticable form them to perform the duty of military service. (3) Personal information of persons evading obligatory military service to be disclosed pursuant to Article 81-2 (1) of the Act and matters concerning non-performance of obligatory military service (hereinafter referred to as "personal information, etc." in this Article) shall be as follows: 1. Name, age, or address of persons evading obligatory military service; 2. Date and gist of evading obligatory military service; 3. Violations of laws. (4) Disclosure prescribed in Article 81-2 (1) of the Act shall be made via the website of the Military Manpower Administration or the competent regional military office (including regional military manpower branch offices; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article and Article 161). (5) Where it is no useful to disclose the personal information, etc. including where persons evading mandatory military services listed in the website of the Military Manpower Administration perform the duty of military service pursuant to Article 81-2 (1) of the Act, he shall delete the personal information, etc. prescribed in subparagraphs of paragraph (3), and where the personal information, etc. is listed in the website of the competent regional military manpower office, he shall order the director of the competent regional military manpower office to delete personal information, etc. prescribed in subparagraphs of paragraph (3). (6) Detailed matters necessary for standards and procedures for deleting personal information, etc. prescribed in paragraph (5) shall be prescribed by the Commissioner of the Military Manpower Administration. [This Article Newly Inserted on Jun. 30, 2015] |
Subject to disclosure[edit]
The subject of disclosure is as follows, and it refers to a person determined by the draft dodger disclosure deliberation committee;
- Conscription examination Refusers/Evaders
- Active enlist Refusers/Evaders
- Call-up of Social service personnel, etc. Refusers/Evaders
- A person who is Staying abroad in Violation of the Compulsory Foreign country travel permit
They are disclosed every December, and as of the date of disclosure, they are Conscription examination Refusers/Evaders, Active enlist Refusers/Evaders, Call-up of Social service personnel, etc. Refuser/Evaders, and person who is Staying abroad in Violation of the Compulsory Foreign country travel permit that occurred in the previous year. The first list of draft dodgers released is a list of those who Active enlist Refusers/Evaders, Call-up of Social service personnel Refusers/Evaders, and person who is Staying abroad in Violation of the Compulsory Foreign country travel permit between July 1, 2015 and December 31 of the same year in December 2016.[7]
They is be released on the Draft evaders list on the Military Manpower Administration's website.
Subject to disclosure | Categorization of List | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gist of evasion | Violation of the Military Service Act | ||||
Korean | English | Korean | English | ||
Conscription Examination Refusers/Evaders | ๋ณ์ญํ์ ๊ฒ์ฌ๊ธฐํผ ์ฌ๋ณ์ญํ์ ๊ฒ์ฌ๊ธฐํผ ๊ท๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ์ฒด๊ฒ์ฌ๊ธฐํผ |
Evasion of Conscription Examination Evasion follow-up Conscription Examination Evasion of Physical examination from Sending Invalids Home, etc. |
์ 87์กฐ | Article 87 | |
Active enlist Refusers/Evaders | ํ์ญ์ ์๊ธฐํผ | Evasion of Active enlist | ์ 88์กฐ | Article 88 | |
Call for Social Service, etc. Refusers/Evaders | Call for Social Service Refusers/Evaders | ์ฌํ๋ณต๋ฌด์์์์ง๊ธฐํผ | Evasion from Call for Social Service | ์ 88์กฐ | Article 88 |
Call for Military education of Social Service, etc. Refusers/Evaders | ์ฌํ๋ณต๋ฌด์์๊ตฐ์ฌ๊ต์ก์์ง๊ธฐํผ | Evasion from Call for Military education of Social Service | ์ 88์กฐ | Article 88 | |
A person who is Staying abroad in Violation of the Compulsory Foreign country travel permit | A person who is Staying abroad without permission | ํ๊ฐ์์ด๊ตญ์ธ์ฒด๋ฅ | Staying abroad without permission | ์ 94์กฐ | Article 94 |
Those who do not returned home within the permitted period and are staying Overseas | ํ๊ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋ด๋ฏธ๊ท๊ตญ | not returned to the home country with in the country has not yet returned | ์ 94์กฐ | Article 94 | |
a person who has not returned home after his permission has been revoked and is staying Overseas | ํ๊ฐ์ทจ์ํ๋ฏธ๊ท๊ตญ | Not returned to the home country after revocation of permission | ์ 94์กฐ | Article 94 | |
The term "Overseas" or "Foreign country" refers to places that are not South Korean territory, and "return" refers to the return of South Korean Mandatory military service personnel(South Korean males) to South Korea. |
Violation of the Military Service Act Clause
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Exclude from Subject to Disclosure[edit]
Those Excluded from disclosure are as follows, and in this case, they are deleted from the list by Disclosure of Draft evaders.
- Impracticable to perform the Duty of military service due to grounds, such as Disease, Imprisonment, Natural disaster
- Case of No useful or deems it Improper to disclose
- Where there is no useful to disclose due to the performance of Mandatory Military Service, etc.;(be the conscription examination, be the active enlist, social service called-up, etc.)
Criticism[edit]
Problem and Criticism of the Disclosure of Draft evaders have been raised by Progressive human rights organizations in South Korea, Five progressive human rights organizations, including Center for Miltary Human Rights Korea(CMHRK, ko:๊ตฐ์ธ๊ถ์ผํฐ), Without war(ko:์ ์์๋์ธ์) and Youth left of korea(ko:์ฒญ๋ ์ขํ), Opposed the Disclosure of Draft evaders through a statement in July 2015.[14]
In December 2016, when the list of draft evaders was first released under the draft evaders disclosure, Withoutwar(์ ์์๋์ธ์) commented; "Of the 237 listed, most of the 160 are Jehovah's witnesses, who have been refusing the draft since Japanese colonial rule and do not give up draft refusing under any circumstances, The disclosure of draft evaders does not bring about the effect of fulfilling military service obligations not only for powerful people and celebrities, but also for the general public, and violates the human rights of the parties whose lists are disclosed."[15] Accordingly, on March 28, 2017, Amnesty International Korea, CMHRK, Withoutwar and People's Solidarity for Participatory Democracy(PSPD, ko:์ฐธ์ฌ์ฐ๋) said at a press conference; "Preventing draft evasion in a way that adds to human rights violations cannot be a solution."[16] In addition, the Draft refuser who worked as an activist of Withoutwar expressed the same position.[17][18]
References[edit]
- โ Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.๋ณ์ญ๋ฒ ์ 81์กฐ์ 2
- โ MILITARY SERVICE ACT
- โ Article 81-2 of the MILITARY SERVICE ACT
- โ Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.๋ณ์ญ๋ฒ ์ํ๋ น ์ 160์กฐ
- โ ENFORCEMENT DECREE OF THE MILITARY SERVICE ACT
- โ Article 160 of the ENFORCEMENT DECREE OF THE MILITARY SERVICE ACT
- โ "๋ณ๋ฌด์ฒญ, ๋ณ์ญ๊ธฐํผ์ 237๋ช ๋ช ๋จ ์ฒซ ๊ณต๊ฐ" (in ํ๊ตญ์ด). Yonhap News Agency(์ฐํฉ๋ด์ค). 2016-12-27.
- โ Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.๋ณ์ญ๋ฒ ์ 87์กฐ
- โ Article 87 of the MILITARY SERVICE ACT
- โ 10.0 10.1 Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.๋ณ์ญ๋ฒ ์ 88์กฐ
- โ 11.0 11.1 Article 88 of the MILITARY SERVICE ACT
- โ Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.๋ณ์ญ๋ฒ ์ 94์กฐ
- โ Article 94 of the MILITARY SERVICE ACT
- โ "[์ฑ๋ช ] ๋ณ์ญ๊ธฐํผ์ ์ ์๊ณต๊ฐ๋ผ๋ ์ด๊ทน" (in ํ๊ตญ์ด). ์ ์์๋์ธ์. 2015-07-01.
- โ "[๋ ผํ] ์คํจ์ฑ์ ์๊ณ ์ธ๊ถ์นจํด๋ง ๊ฐ๋ํ ๋ณ์ญ๊ธฐํผ์ ๋ช ๋จ ๊ณต๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ ์ค๋จํด์ผ ํฉ๋๋ค" (in ํ๊ตญ์ด). ์ ์์๋์ธ์. 2016-12-22.
- โ "์๋ฏผ๋จ์ฒด "๋ณ์ญ๊ธฐํผ์ '์ ์๊ณต๊ฐ' ์ค๋จํด์ผ"" (in ํ๊ตญ์ด). Newsis(๋ด์์ค). 2017-03-28.
- โ "ํจ๊ณผ๋ ์๊ณ ์ธ๊ถ์นจํด๋ง ์๋ '๋ณ์ญ๊ธฐํผ์ ์ ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ'" (in ํ๊ตญ์ด). huffPost Korea. 2017-04-04.
- โ "๋ณ์ญ๊ณ ๊ณต๋ฌด์์ ์ ๊ธ์๋ฅผ ์ง์ธ ์๋ฐ์ ์์๋" (in ํ๊ตญ์ด). OhmyNews(์ค๋ง์ด๋ด์ค). 2017-04-03.
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
- Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.Disclosure of Draft evaders from Military Manpower Administration
This article "Disclosure of draft evaders" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Disclosure of draft evaders. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.