Edithistory:Field propulsion
From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki
| oldid | date/time | username | edit summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1360584819 | 2026-06-22T11:58:56Z | ජපස | Nominated for merging; see [[:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Field propulsion (2nd nomination)]]. |
| 1360567865 | 2026-06-22T08:48:25Z | ජපස | Not in citation given. |
| 1360495661 | 2026-06-21T20:44:14Z | Johnjbarton | /* Pre-20th century to the 1910s */ Kepler stuff is made up |
| 1360272736 | 2026-06-20T10:52:49Z | ජපස | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ removing pseudophysics and a completely unreliable source. |
| 1360272096 | 2026-06-20T10:43:56Z | AnomieBOT | Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}} {{Not in citation given}} |
| 1360270722 | 2026-06-20T10:23:15Z | ජපස | removing unreliable sources per talk. |
| 1360171619 | 2026-06-19T17:55:58Z | AnomieBOT | Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}} |
| 1360169068 | 2026-06-19T17:35:28Z | Very Polite Person | ok |
| 1360166167 | 2026-06-19T17:13:49Z | Very Polite Person | order |
| 1360164497 | 2026-06-19T17:00:23Z | Johnjbarton | /* Theoretical proposals */ This source is about a claim of field propulsion but it is not Casmir effect. |
| 1360060518 | 2026-06-19T00:11:17Z | ජපස | Added {{[[Template:Original research|Original research]]}} tag: the article appears to be largely [[WP:SYNTH]] where it is not based on [[WP:PROFRINGE]] sourcing. |
| 1360057791 | 2026-06-18T23:47:54Z | NightWolf1223 | add |
| 1360056166 | 2026-06-18T23:33:18Z | AnomieBOT | Dating maintenance tags: {{Original research section}} |
| 1360054052 | 2026-06-18T23:13:03Z | ජපස | /* Background and history */ this is an OR section. |
| 1360053859 | 2026-06-18T23:10:53Z | ජපස | Added {{[[Template:Unreliable sources|Unreliable sources]]}} tag: see talk |
| 1360053438 | 2026-06-18T23:06:43Z | ජපස | Added {{[[Template:Fringe theories|Fringe theories]]}} tag |
| 1359666389 | 2026-06-16T14:24:49Z | LocusAndLeaf | added wikilink |
| 1358094844 | 2026-06-06T14:44:14Z | ToadalChaos | added [[Category:Propellantless propulsion]] using [[WP:HC|HotCat]] |
| 1358094116 | 2026-06-06T14:38:40Z | ToadalChaos | removed [[Category:Celestial mechanics]] using [[WP:HC|HotCat]] -- celestial mechanics is strictly about natural bodies |
| 1357544024 | 2026-06-03T07:13:45Z | AnomieBOT | Dating maintenance tags: {{Who2}} |
| 1357542106 | 2026-06-03T06:53:16Z | Gråbergs Gråa Sång | /* Theoretical proposals */ who is Musha? |
| 1355376826 | 2026-05-21T13:52:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ {{Sister project links}} |
| 1354966306 | 2026-05-19T05:48:51Z | Khalitate | Disambiguation |
| 1354059788 | 2026-05-14T02:04:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ > last two should not be in there so /* Ongoing missions and research */ |
| 1344143993 | 2026-03-18T16:16:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[LightSail|LightSail 1]] and LightSail 2 flew between 2015 and 2019, with functional sail-type propellantless systems active in [[outer space]].<ref name="PS FP 2015-06-09" /><ref name="PS FP 2020 LightSail2" /> |
| 1344143928 | 2026-03-18T16:15:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ While further research and study continued, new environment-coupled propellantless systems were launched into space. |
| 1344143667 | 2026-03-18T16:13:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ In this article, ''field propulsion'' is used for [[propulsion systems|propulsion system]] concepts in which [[thrust]] arises from [[Coupling (physics)|interactions]] with external [[Field (physics)|fields]] or ambient [[Interplanetary medium|media]], rather than primarily from onboard [[Fuel|chemical propellant]], while noting that some later sources instead use the narrower label ''propellant-less propulsion'' for environment-coupled systems.<ref name="Minami Mush |
| 1344143575 | 2026-03-18T16:12:44Z | Very Polite Person | In narrower modern literature, related ''propellant-less propulsion'' discussions often focus on environment-coupled systems, while the historical contractor and survey literature treated field propulsion more broadly and sometimes grouped related terrestrial electromagnetic propulsion and some beamed-energy concepts within the same analytical framework.<ref name="NASA FP small 2024-03-17" /><ref name="Myrabo NASA JPL Beam/Field Concepts 1983" />{{rp|25-26,I-2}}<ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 201 |
| 1344143490 | 2026-03-18T16:12:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ Several related propulsion systems discussed alongside field propulsion in the broader historical literature surveyed here have since been demonstrated in practice, including [[electrodynamic tether]]s in orbit, [[solar sail]] spacecraft such as [[IKAROS]], and terrestrial applications such as [[magnetic levitation|maglev]] transport, [[magnetohydrodynamics|MHD]] ship propulsion, and [[electrohydrodynamics|EHD]] thrust devices.<ref name="Myrabo NASA JPL Beam/Field Concepts 1983" />{{rp |
| 1344030283 | 2026-03-17T21:41:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ ce efn |
| 1344029952 | 2026-03-17T21:39:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Notes */ add section |
| 1343996639 | 2026-03-17T17:33:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ <ref name="Minami Musha Field Acta Astronautica 2012" />{{rp|1}} |
| 1343996565 | 2026-03-17T17:33:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +quote |
| 1343994987 | 2026-03-17T17:20:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ +image |
| 1343993593 | 2026-03-17T17:08:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1920s-1950s */ ce -- this [[Hermann Oberth]] passage and image are better for [[Spacecraft electric propulsion]] |
| 1343980590 | 2026-03-17T15:23:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ cut this line |
| 1343908265 | 2026-03-17T03:13:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ comment out Lorentz image for now, to see if the article works better without it (and it's on the sister page for [[Spacecraft electric propulsion]]) |
| 1343843880 | 2026-03-16T19:03:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Pre-20th century to the 1910s */ The physical basis for Kepler's intuition began to emerge over two centuries later. |
| 1343843220 | 2026-03-16T18:59:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ ce |
| 1343842751 | 2026-03-16T18:55:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ ce |
| 1343842011 | 2026-03-16T18:50:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ ce |
| 1343841682 | 2026-03-16T18:47:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ ce |
| 1343840260 | 2026-03-16T18:36:50Z | Very Polite Person | {{distinguish|Spacecraft electric propulsion|Reactionless drive}} |
| 1343823048 | 2026-03-16T16:30:33Z | Very Polite Person | Large update based on [[Talk:Field propulsion/GA1]]; page being split here and [[Spacecraft electric propulsion]] > imported to [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion/Field propulsion split to FP]] > back to here with changes |
| 1343647274 | 2026-03-15T16:04:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ Meanwhile, concepts once unproven now fly in space, and research continues on the remaining unproven options.<ref name="NASA ACS3 what-is" /><ref name="NASA ACS3 deploy 2024" /><ref name="Aalto Foresail-1p 2025" /><ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" />{{rp|1,25–26}}<ref name="Millis BPPP NASA 1998" />{{rp|1–2}} |
| 1343647212 | 2026-03-15T16:03:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ Several foundational ideas in field propulsion, from Kepler's 1610 vision of "sails adapted to the heavenly breezes" to Tsiolkovsky's 1911 proposal to use electricity to accelerate ejected particles, have since been realized in demonstrated spaceflight systems.<ref name="Kepler Quotes" /><ref name="Rosen Kepler" />{{rp|39}}<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|4}}<ref name="PS FP 2015-06-09" /><ref name="PS FP 2020 LightSail2" /><ref name |
| 1343596339 | 2026-03-15T07:49:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ If any of you have been confused, "what's he building in there?" -- here: In other words, this kind of drive pushes against the charged particles it creates, as if an airplane propeller could create its own air. In the same vein, some other field propulsion concepts take advantage of nearby available energy fields. |
| 1343552410 | 2026-03-15T01:17:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ {{Commons}} |
| 1343552298 | 2026-03-15T01:16:21Z | Very Polite Person | [[speed of light]] |
| 1343552228 | 2026-03-15T01:15:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ [[Kaliningrad]] |
| 1343552189 | 2026-03-15T01:15:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ [[Mercury (element)|mercury]] |
| 1343552129 | 2026-03-15T01:14:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ [[German Aerospace Center]] |
| 1343552031 | 2026-03-15T01:14:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1920s-1950s */ [[Franklin Institute#Theaters|Fels Planetarium]] |
| 1343551913 | 2026-03-15T01:12:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[Amazing Stories Quarterly]] |
| 1343551825 | 2026-03-15T01:12:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[Cities in Flight]] |
| 1343551769 | 2026-03-15T01:11:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[Barsoom]] |
| 1343551675 | 2026-03-15T01:11:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[Spindizzy (Cities in Flight)|spindizzy]] |
| 1343551339 | 2026-03-15T01:08:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[plasma brake]] -- red for later |
| 1343551220 | 2026-03-15T01:07:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ [[Earth's magnetic field|geomagnetic fields]] |
| 1343551178 | 2026-03-15T01:06:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ [[Ion-propelled aircraft|ion devices]] driven by [[corona discharge]] |
| 1343551093 | 2026-03-15T01:05:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ [[linear motor]] |
| 1343551044 | 2026-03-15T01:05:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-fed electric propulsion */ [[atmospheric drag]] |
| 1343550950 | 2026-03-15T01:05:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[Spacecraft attitude control|attitude control]] |
| 1343550875 | 2026-03-15T01:04:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ [[Electrical discharge|arc discharge]] |
| 1343550804 | 2026-03-15T01:03:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ [[Ablation|ablating]] |
| 1343550739 | 2026-03-15T01:03:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ [[Fluoropolymer|fluorinated polymer]] |
| 1343550670 | 2026-03-15T01:02:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[interstellar probe]] |
| 1343550598 | 2026-03-15T01:02:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[deorbit]] |
| 1343550549 | 2026-03-15T01:01:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ Deorbit |
| 1343550437 | 2026-03-15T01:00:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[ionosphere]] |
| 1343550369 | 2026-03-15T01:00:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[orbital energy]] |
| 1343550321 | 2026-03-15T00:59:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[electromotive force]] |
| 1343550254 | 2026-03-15T00:59:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[circular orbits]] |
| 1343550210 | 2026-03-15T00:58:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[Heliocentric orbit|heliocentric]] |
| 1343550135 | 2026-03-15T00:58:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[Thin film|thin films]] |
| 1343550012 | 2026-03-15T00:57:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[areal density]] |
| 1343549934 | 2026-03-15T00:56:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[Alpha Centauri]] |
| 1343549880 | 2026-03-15T00:56:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[conservation law]] |
| 1343549808 | 2026-03-15T00:55:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ [[Falsifiability|falsifiable]] |
| 1343549764 | 2026-03-15T00:55:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ [[exhaust velocity]] |
| 1343549713 | 2026-03-15T00:54:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[Solar radiation pressure|solar photon pressure]] |
| 1343549589 | 2026-03-15T00:53:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ "[[tractor beam]]" |
| 1343549541 | 2026-03-15T00:53:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[starship]] |
| 1343549465 | 2026-03-15T00:52:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[faster-than-light]] |
| 1343549403 | 2026-03-15T00:52:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[electric sail]] |
| 1343549343 | 2026-03-15T00:51:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ plasma brake image |
| 1343548767 | 2026-03-15T00:47:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[very low Earth orbit]] |
| 1343548712 | 2026-03-15T00:46:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[Vacuum energy|vacuum-energy]] |
| 1343548637 | 2026-03-15T00:46:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[Wormhole|traversable wormholes]] |
| 1343548563 | 2026-03-15T00:45:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[warp drive]] |
| 1343548471 | 2026-03-15T00:45:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ [[guideway]] |
| 1343548384 | 2026-03-15T00:44:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ [[Cold War]] |
| 1343548284 | 2026-03-15T00:43:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ [[Superconductor|superconducting]] |
| 1343548221 | 2026-03-15T00:43:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ [[reaction mass]] |
| 1343548141 | 2026-03-15T00:42:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ [[heliogyro]] |
| 1343548048 | 2026-03-15T00:42:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ [[Geostationary orbit|geostationary]] |
| 1343547972 | 2026-03-15T00:41:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ [[orbital station-keeping]] |
| 1343547684 | 2026-03-15T00:39:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ [[resistojets]] |
| 1343547580 | 2026-03-15T00:38:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[Alfvén wave]] |
| 1343547518 | 2026-03-15T00:38:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ [[electrodes]] |
| 1343547459 | 2026-03-15T00:37:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ [[ramjets]] |
| 1343547403 | 2026-03-15T00:37:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ [[working fluid]] |
| 1343547318 | 2026-03-15T00:36:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1920s-1950s */ [[photon rocket]] |
| 1343547206 | 2026-03-15T00:36:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* Pre-20th century to the 1910s */ [[cathode rays]] |
| 1343547148 | 2026-03-15T00:35:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Pre-20th century to the 1910s */ [[radiation pressure]] |
| 1343522669 | 2026-03-14T21:18:59Z | Artem.G | /* Arts and culture */ |
| 1343518917 | 2026-03-14T20:50:42Z | Very Polite Person | attempt #2 to deduplicate wikilinks |
| 1343513980 | 2026-03-14T20:17:09Z | Very Polite Person | Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1343513904|1343513904]] by [[Special:Contributions/Very Polite Person|Very Polite Person]] ([[User talk:Very Polite Person|talk]]) |
| 1343513904 | 2026-03-14T20:16:37Z | Very Polite Person | attempt #1 to deduplicate wikilinks |
| 1343513761 | 2026-03-14T20:15:59Z | Vycl1994 | |
| 1343506544 | 2026-03-14T19:21:39Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1343504593 | 2026-03-14T19:09:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1920s-1950s */ Tsiolkovsky |
| 1343504302 | 2026-03-14T19:07:45Z | Very Polite Person | caption tweaks |
| 1343503405 | 2026-03-14T19:01:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated */ cde |
| 1343503312 | 2026-03-14T19:00:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Development and testing */ ce |
| 1343503025 | 2026-03-14T18:58:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ updates |
| 1343502230 | 2026-03-14T18:52:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ [[speed of light]] |
| 1343502121 | 2026-03-14T18:51:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ comma |
| 1343502094 | 2026-03-14T18:51:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ -double word |
| 1343501906 | 2026-03-14T18:50:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ Alongside these experimental programs, electric propulsion was also entering routine commercial service. |
| 1343501808 | 2026-03-14T18:49:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1343501723 | 2026-03-14T18:48:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1343501658 | 2026-03-14T18:47:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ ce |
| 1343501583 | 2026-03-14T18:47:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1343501486 | 2026-03-14T18:46:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343500989 | 2026-03-14T18:42:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ ce |
| 1343500928 | 2026-03-14T18:42:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1343500870 | 2026-03-14T18:41:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1343500664 | 2026-03-14T18:40:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343500567 | 2026-03-14T18:39:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ fix |
| 1343500521 | 2026-03-14T18:39:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343500302 | 2026-03-14T18:38:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343500123 | 2026-03-14T18:36:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ used to maintain orbital position |
| 1343500039 | 2026-03-14T18:36:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ fix link |
| 1343499940 | 2026-03-14T18:35:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ ce |
| 1343499814 | 2026-03-14T18:34:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ ce |
| 1343499679 | 2026-03-14T18:33:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1343499492 | 2026-03-14T18:31:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ image |
| 1343498580 | 2026-03-14T18:25:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1343498410 | 2026-03-14T18:24:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce |
| 1343498220 | 2026-03-14T18:23:14Z | Very Polite Person | Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1343498080|1343498080]] by [[Special:Contributions/Very Polite Person|Very Polite Person]] ([[User talk:Very Polite Person|talk]]) |
| 1343498080 | 2026-03-14T18:22:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343496406 | 2026-03-14T18:10:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343496135 | 2026-03-14T18:08:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343495885 | 2026-03-14T18:07:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343495338 | 2026-03-14T18:03:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343495231 | 2026-03-14T18:02:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce |
| 1343495113 | 2026-03-14T18:01:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient plasma-wave propulsion */ ce |
| 1343494914 | 2026-03-14T17:59:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1343494820 | 2026-03-14T17:59:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1343493915 | 2026-03-14T17:52:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1343493787 | 2026-03-14T17:51:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ This included ion and electroplasma thrusters with target specific impulse, a measure of propellant efficiency, of 5,000–10,000 seconds, assigning work to [[OKB-1]], [[Kurchatov Institute|the Kurchatov Institute]], and other named bureaus as part of a broader 1960–1967 [[Soviet Union]] space development plan.<ref name="USSR Decree 715-296 1960" />{{rp|27}}<ref name="Sutton Rockets 2017" />{{rp|33}} |
| 1343490124 | 2026-03-14T17:25:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ Fiction magazines of this era also served as platforms for promoting claimed real-world propulsion devices. |
| 1343490022 | 2026-03-14T17:24:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ As demonstrated systems accumulated flight heritage, research programs continued exploring more speculative coupling mechanisms. |
| 1343489801 | 2026-03-14T17:23:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ European electric propulsion programs reached similar milestones in the years that followed. |
| 1343489696 | 2026-03-14T17:22:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ Beamed-energy propulsion concepts also reached flight-test maturity during this period. |
| 1343489496 | 2026-03-14T17:21:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ ce |
| 1343489451 | 2026-03-14T17:21:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ The end of the Cold War also opened access to previously restricted Soviet electric propulsion technology. |
| 1343489275 | 2026-03-14T17:20:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ While electromagnetic thrusters entered operational service, photon-pressure propulsion concepts also advanced through dedicated study programs. |
| 1343488995 | 2026-03-14T17:18:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ Formal classification efforts during this period sought to organize the growing range of advanced propulsion concepts. |
| 1343488724 | 2026-03-14T17:17:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ Alongside ion engine development, a distinct line of electromagnetic thruster research was advancing in the Soviet Union. |
| 1343488520 | 2026-03-14T17:16:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ Electric propulsion research during this period expanded across multiple countries and institutional settings. |
| 1343488448 | 2026-03-14T17:15:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1920s-1950s */ The postwar period saw growing institutional interest in electric propulsion within both military and civilian research programs. |
| 1343488267 | 2026-03-14T17:14:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1920s-1950s */ While encyclopedic surveys were documenting the theoretical landscape, parallel experimental work was emerging in Europe. |
| 1343405147 | 2026-03-14T02:49:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ remove rogue A |
| 1343405021 | 2026-03-14T02:48:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ Related electrostatic sail concepts also moved into in-space technology-demonstration phases in the 2020s, with AuroraSat-1 launching in 2022 as a plasma-brake technology demonstrator and Foresail-1p launching in 2025 with a Plasma Brake experiment intended to enable the first-ever space measurements of [[Coulomb]] drag for [[Orbital mechanics|orbital change]].<ref name="NASA SOA propulsion 2024" /><ref name="Aalto Foresail-1p 2025" /> |
| 1343404873 | 2026-03-14T02:47:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ In 2025, [[Aalto University]] in [[Finland]] reported the launch of Foresail-1p carrying a Plasma Brake experiment intended to enable the first-ever space measurements of [[Coulomb]] drag to change a satellite's orbit.<ref name="Aalto Foresail-1p 2025" /> |
| 1343404759 | 2026-03-14T02:45:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ NASA's small-spacecraft propulsion survey described the electric sail and the closely related plasma brake as relatively immature environment-coupled propulsion technologies, and noted that AuroraSat-1, launched on May 5, 2022, served as a technology demonstration mission for a Plasma Brake module.<ref name="NASA SOA propulsion 2024" /> |
| 1343404609 | 2026-03-14T02:44:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ Related electrostatic sail concepts also entered in-space technology-demonstration phases in the 2020s. |
| 1343403685 | 2026-03-14T02:36:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ESA's [[GOCE]] in 2009 and JAXA's [[Super Low Altitude Test Satellite]] "TSUBAME" (2017-2019) marked later electric-propulsion milestones by demonstrating continuous drag compensation and ion-engine-supported super-low-altitude operations in very low Earth orbit. |
| 1343403157 | 2026-03-14T02:32:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-fed electric propulsion */ JAXA's [[Super Low Altitude Test Satellite]] (SLATS) "TSUBAME", launched on December 23 2017, transitioned to ion-engine orbit-keeping operations in April 2019 and later demonstrated maintenance of six orbital altitudes between 271.1 and 181.1 km, validating super-low-altitude Earth observation operations.<ref name="JAXA TSUBAME transition 2019" /><ref name="JAXA TSUBAME end 2019" /> |
| 1343402833 | 2026-03-14T02:29:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-fed electric propulsion */ Related operational milestones in very low Earth orbit preceded true atmosphere-breathing concepts. ESA's [[GOCE|Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer]] (GOCE), launched on March 17, 2009, became the first-ever mission to fly drag free in low Earth orbit using an electric propulsion system that continually compensated atmospheric drag.<ref name="ESA GOCE intro" /><ref name="ESA GOCE drag free" /> |
| 1343401703 | 2026-03-14T02:18:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1343401188 | 2026-03-14T02:14:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ESA and JAXA's [[BepiColombo]], launched in 2018, marked a later major milestone in solar electric propulsion when its Solar Electric Propulsion System began in-flight commissioning in November 2018.<ref name="ESA BepiColombo mission" /><ref name="ESA BepiColombo electric 2018" /> |
| 1343400457 | 2026-03-14T02:09:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-fed electric propulsion */ delink |
| 1343400237 | 2026-03-14T02:07:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1343399908 | 2026-03-14T02:04:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ image sizing |
| 1343398893 | 2026-03-14T01:55:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ move image down and sizing |
| 1343398568 | 2026-03-14T01:52:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ left align |
| 1343354127 | 2026-03-13T19:30:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ NASA's [[Advanced Composite Solar Sail System]] (ACS3), launched on April 23, 2024, tested next-generation composite-boom solar-sail technology in orbit, and mission operators confirmed full sail deployment on August 29, 2024.<ref name="NASA ACS3 what-is" /><ref name="NASA ACS3 deploy 2024" /> |
| 1343353332 | 2026-03-13T19:24:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ JPL Dawn mission archive |
| 1343353263 | 2026-03-13T19:23:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ NASA's [[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]] became the first spacecraft to orbit an object in the main [[asteroid belt]] at [[4 Vesta|Vesta]] in 2011, and the first to orbit a [[dwarf planet]] at [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]] in 2015. Its [[ion thruster|ion propulsion]] system made Dawn the only spacecraft ever to orbit two extraterrestrial destinations.<ref name="JPL Dawn mission" /><ref name="NASA Dawn dwarf planet 2015" /> |
| 1343346833 | 2026-03-13T18:42:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce |
| 1343345012 | 2026-03-13T18:27:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ + add [[Pulsed inductive thruster]], [[SERT-II|Electrostatic ion engine (long-duration)]] and [[Magnetic sail|Magnetospheric plasma propulsion]] |
| 1343343752 | 2026-03-13T18:18:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ SMART-1, launched in 2003, demonstrated solar electric primary propulsion in flight for ESA and carried the Hall thruster system that had been developed from late-1990s European work on commercial electric-propulsion applications and deep-space mission preparation.<ref name="Koppel SMART-1 EPS 2004" />{{rp|1,7}}<ref name="Racca SMART-1 1998" />{{rp|50-59}} |
| 1343342605 | 2026-03-13T18:10:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ [[Hydrazine]] based [[arcjet rockets]] were deployed in 1993 on [[Telstar 401]], extending electrothermal electric propulsion into higher-performance commercial geostationary use.<ref name="Hoskins Aerojet 2013" />{{rp|1-3}} |
| 1343342263 | 2026-03-13T18:08:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ Commercial electrothermal propulsion also entered operational satellite service during this period. Hydrazine resistojets began commercial geostationary north-south station-keeping with Intelsat V in 1980.<ref name="Martinez-Sanchez Pollard EP Overview 1998" />{{rp|688-689}} |
| 1343337664 | 2026-03-13T17:37:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ A backup solar sail mission to [[Comet Encke]] was also considered in 1983.<ref name="Friedman Solar sailing 1978" /> |
| 1343337628 | 2026-03-13T17:37:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ Solar sail engineering also advanced institutionally during this period: JPL's Halley studies compared square and heliogyro sail architectures, with the latter favored for deployment,<ref name="Friedman Solar sailing 1978" /> while the World Space Foundation fabricated and ground-deployed a 20 m sail and built a 30 m sail stowed in a deployment structure.<ref name="Garner Solar Sail Summary 1999" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1343324393 | 2026-03-13T15:49:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ split |
| 1343324067 | 2026-03-13T15:46:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ By the late 1990s, ESA was already positioning solar electric primary propulsion as a key technology for future deep-space missions through [[SMART-1]], whose [[PPS-1350|PPS-1350-G Hall thruster]] was later developed in the [[CNES]] [[STENTOR (satellite)|Stentor satellite]] program and adapted from a geostationary station-keeping design.<ref name="Racca SMART-1 1998" />{{rp|50-59}}<ref name="Dumazert PPS-1350-G 2003" />{{rp|1-2}}<ref name="Koppel SMART-1 EPS 2004" />{{rp|1,7}} |
| 1343321222 | 2026-03-13T15:20:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ Commercial electric propulsion also entered Western geostationary satellite operations in the 1990s, as [[Boeing 601|Hughes Boeing 601HP]] communications satellites began using gridded xenon ion thrusters (XIPS) for station-keeping in 1997.<ref name="Flightglobal XIPS 2000" /><ref name="Brophy success EP 2022" />{{rp|3}} |
| 1343320027 | 2026-03-13T15:09:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ Choueiri FP 2004-2 archive |
| 1343319462 | 2026-03-13T15:05:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ In 1964, Ernst Stuhlinger published ''Ion Propulsion for Space Flight'', characterized by Choueiri as the first comprehensive book on electric rocket technology, marking the field's transition into a serious engineering discipline.<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004-2" />{{rp|2-3}} |
| 1343286478 | 2026-03-13T11:03:47Z | Arjayay | Duplicate word removed |
| 1343224101 | 2026-03-13T01:46:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ ce |
| 1343221043 | 2026-03-13T01:19:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[Astounding Science Fiction]] |
| 1343219664 | 2026-03-13T01:07:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ ce |
| 1343163836 | 2026-03-12T17:16:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ NASA funded the [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in 1973 under Jerome L. Wright to study solar sailing concepts for a [[Halley's Comet]] intercept; in 1976, a formal solar sail rendezvous proposal managed by [[Louis Friedman]] at the [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] was submitted to NASA, but the sail concept was dropped in 1977 in favor of [[solar electric propulsion]], and the comet mission itself was later canceled.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1343162234 | 2026-03-12T17:02:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s */ The 1980s were a major period of solar sailing research publication, with materials created by a variety of researchers globally, bookended by attempts in 1979 and 1992 by the World Space Foundation and the [[Columbus Quincentenary|Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Jubilee Commission]] to promote a solar sailing race to the moon.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|1-2}} |
| 1343161357 | 2026-03-12T16:54:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ NASA funded the [[Battelle Memorial Institute]] in 1973 under Jerome L. Wright to develop a proposal to intercept [[Halley's Comet]] with a solar sailing ship; the project ultimately switched to a solar-electric concept before the comet mission was finally canceled a decade later.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1343160244 | 2026-03-12T16:45:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ ce |
| 1343159954 | 2026-03-12T16:42:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Pre-20th century to the 1950s */ split again to ===Pre-20th century to the 1910s=== and ===1920s-1950s=== |
| 1343159389 | 2026-03-12T16:38:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Pre-20th century to the 1950s */ In 1610, [[Johannes Kepler]] wrote ''Dissertatio cum Nuncio Sidereo'' (''Conversation with the Messenger from the Stars'') to [[Galileo Galilei]], in response to Galilei's own ''[[Sidereus Nuncius]]'', describing the idea of winds in space propelling craft like the winds of the seas:<ref name="Kepler Quotes" /><ref name="Rosen Kepler" />{{rp|39}} |
| 1343157349 | 2026-03-12T16:21:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ rename now to ---> ===Pre-20th century to the 1950s=== |
| 1343157111 | 2026-03-12T16:19:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ The story, ''Aventures extraordinaires d'un savant russe'' (''The Extraordinary Adventures of a Russian Scientist'') was published between 1888-1896, which features a space flight from Earth's moon to [[Venus]] by means of photon propulsion via mirrors.<ref name="Miller Sail Gizmodo 2014-03-13" /> |
| 1343156877 | 2026-03-12T16:17:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ [[Colin R. McInnes]] in his 1999 book ''Solar Sailing'' highlighted a science fiction story from a century prior by [[Georges Le Faure]] and Henry de Graffigny about "mirror-propelled spacecraft" which may have been inspired by James Clerk Maxwell's 1873 research into pressure from electromagnetic forces and light, an early forebear of field propulsion.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|1-2,48}} |
| 1343155390 | 2026-03-12T16:04:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ Zander was reportedly inspired in this work by his colleague Tsilkovsky's own research on the topic.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1343154963 | 2026-03-12T16:01:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ In 1921, Tsilkovsky published ''Extension of Man into Outer Space'', further exploring photon-based propulsion concepts.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1343154566 | 2026-03-12T15:58:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ By 1905, [[Albert Einstein]] had [[Quantization (physics)|quantized]] Maxwell's findings to prove light particles could possess momentum.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1343154151 | 2026-03-12T15:54:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ The earliest appearance of field propulsion concepts appears just prior to the 20th century, when [[James Clerk Maxwell]] demonstrated in 1873 that [[electromagnetic radiation]] should be able to create pressure on physical surfaces.<ref name="Matloff Photon Sail 2004" />{{rp|1-2}} |
| 1343077150 | 2026-03-12T03:21:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ split |
| 1343076766 | 2026-03-12T03:18:08Z | Very Polite Person | trim caption |
| 1343076659 | 2026-03-12T03:17:10Z | Very Polite Person | The [[Lorentz force]] acting on fast-moving charged [[Elementary particle|particles]] in a [[bubble chamber]]. Positive and negative charge trajectories curve in opposite directions. The Lorentz force plays a key role in several field propulsion technologies, including [[Hall-effect thrusters]], [[Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster|magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters]], and [[Space tether missions#TSS-1 mission|electrodynamic tethers]]. |
| 1343076124 | 2026-03-12T03:12:13Z | Very Polite Person | And found our #3 image for the lede |
| 1343075658 | 2026-03-12T03:07:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ fix ref |
| 1343074922 | 2026-03-12T03:01:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ Artist's impression of [[solar wind]] flow around Earth's [[magnetosphere]]. |
| 1343074588 | 2026-03-12T02:59:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ Artist concept of [[Deep Space 1]] firing its [[ion thrusters]] in space. |
| 1343074059 | 2026-03-12T02:55:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[IKAROS]] (Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation Of the Sun), launched by the [[JAXA|Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency]] (JAXA) on May 21, 2010, was the first spacecraft to use a [[solar sail]] as it's main propulsion system.<ref name="NASA Chronicle 2018" /> |
| 1343072651 | 2026-03-12T02:42:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ correct section |
| 1343072502 | 2026-03-12T02:40:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ Within decades, hundreds would fly in space.<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|2,6}} |
| 1343003643 | 2026-03-11T18:33:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ ce |
| 1343003480 | 2026-03-11T18:32:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ ce |
| 1343003141 | 2026-03-11T18:29:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ split 80s and 90s |
| 1343002394 | 2026-03-11T18:25:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ That work fed into the later [[Ballistic Missile Defense Organization]] Russian Hall Electric Thruster Technology (RHETT) effort to move Hall thruster technology toward Western operational use.<ref name="Sankovic Caveny RHETT 1997" />{{rp|1}} |
| 1343002209 | 2026-03-11T18:23:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ The report laid out a second program phase in which thrusters would be brought to the United States for testing toward possible Western use.<ref name="Brophy JPL SPT Russia 1992" />{{rp|1,4}}<ref name="Sankovic Hamley Haag SPT-100 LeRC 1993" />{{rp|1}} |
| 1343002133 | 2026-03-11T18:23:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ Brophy's subsequent JPL report said the measured performance appeared close to the advertised values, noted claims that more than fifty lower-power SPT units had already flown on Russian spacecraft.<ref name="Brophy JPL SPT Russia 1992" />{{rp|1,4}} |
| 1343002037 | 2026-03-11T18:22:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ In 1991, U.S. electric propulsion specialists evaluated the Russian SPT-100 at the [[Keldysh Research Center|Scientific-Research Institute of Thermal Processes]] in Moscow and at Fakel in Kaliningrad using U.S. instrumentation.<ref name="Brophy JPL SPT Russia 1992" />{{rp|1}} |
| 1343001697 | 2026-03-11T18:20:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +5 |
| 1342991819 | 2026-03-11T17:20:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ By the late 1980s, magnetic sails emerged as a proposed propellantless concept that would use a superconducting loop to deflect the solar wind or interstellar plasma, and thereby generate thrust or drag without expelling onboard reaction mass.<ref name="ZubrinAndrews1991" />{{rp|197-198,203}} |
| 1342988470 | 2026-03-11T17:03:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ ce |
| 1342987919 | 2026-03-11T17:00:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ This is Reference #100 -> In 1998, [[Deep Space 1]] became the first U.S. space mission to use an ion thruster as its primary means of propulsion, validating [[NASA]]'s [[NASA Solar Technology Application Readiness|NSTAR solar electric propulsion system]] in long-duration flight.<ref name="Arrighi NASA Deep Space 1 2019-12-18" /> |
| 1342980591 | 2026-03-11T16:15:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ + [[New Millennium Program]] |
| 1342980060 | 2026-03-11T16:12:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ The [[Plasma propulsion engine|Plasma Motor Generator]] flight in 1993 was later described by NASA as the most sophisticated and most successful electrodynamic-tether mission yet flown, and TSS-1R in 1996 validated high-voltage electrodynamic behavior in orbit.<ref name="NASA tether 1999-03-13" /><ref name="Cosmo Lorenzini SR 1997" />{{rp|153-155,188}} |
| 1342979411 | 2026-03-11T16:07:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ Electrodynamic tether work matured across the decade. NASA described it as the first tethered-satellite mission and the longest structure yet flown in space.<ref name="Cosmo Lorenzini SR 1997" />{{rp|153-155}} |
| 1342978981 | 2026-03-11T16:05:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ In 1997, the laser-propelled [[Lightcraft]] was successfully flown in a series of experiments at the High Energy Laser Systems Test Facility at [[White Sands Missile Range]] under a joint USAF/NASA flight demonstration program.<ref name="Lightcraft AIAA 1998" />{{rp|1}}<ref name="PM Myrabo 1995" />{{rp|44-45}} |
| 1342574379 | 2026-03-09T18:19:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ order |
| 1342574086 | 2026-03-09T18:17:36Z | Very Polite Person | fix ref |
| 1342569497 | 2026-03-09T17:52:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ At Gießen, Horst Löb's group began development of radio-frequency ion thrusters of the RIT type, starting with the conception, laboratory model, and first tests of the RIT-10; the prototype was further improved through the 1960s and transferred to industry for qualification in 1970.<ref name="Lob Giessener FP 2008" />{{rp|41}} |
| 1342569343 | 2026-03-09T17:51:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ In [[West Germany]], electric-propulsion development also proceeded from 1960 at DLR institutes in [[Stuttgart]] and [[Braunschweig]] and at the [[University of Giessen]].<ref name="Lob Giessener FP 2008" />{{rp|37}} |
| 1342569241 | 2026-03-09T17:50:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ The Gießen RIT line later reached flight application on the [[European Space Agency]]'s [[Artemis (satellite)|Artemis]] satellite, launched in 2001, which carried two German RIT-10 thrusters for station-keeping.<ref name="Lob Giessener FP 2008" />{{rp|42}} |
| 1342569077 | 2026-03-09T17:49:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ The [[European Space Agency]]'s [[Artemis (satellite)|Artemis satellite]] using RIT-10 thrusters was launched in 2001.<ref name="Lob Giessener FP 2008" />{{rp|42}} |
| 1342568812 | 2026-03-09T17:48:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ The Gießen RIT line used a radio-frequency, electrode-less xenon discharge, a design Löb described as avoiding electrode-related wear while offering high efficiency and high exhaust velocity.<ref name="Lob Giessener FP 2008" />{{rp|40}} |
| 1342567109 | 2026-03-09T17:39:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Lob Giessener FP 2008"> |
| 1342563777 | 2026-03-09T17:21:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ + [[SERT 1]] image |
| 1342559891 | 2026-03-09T16:58:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ + [[Hall-effect thruster]] 1972 |
| 1342559367 | 2026-03-09T16:54:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ This included ion and electroplasma thrusters with target specific impulse of 5,000–10,000 seconds, assigning work to [[OKB-1]], [[Kurchatov Institute|the Kurchatov Institute]], and other named bureaus as part of a broader 1960–1967 [[Soviet Union]] space development plan.<ref name="USSR Decree 715-296 1960" />{{rp|27}} |
| 1342559314 | 2026-03-09T16:54:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ A June 1960 decree of the [[Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Central Committee]] and [[Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union|Council of Ministers]] (No. 715-296), declassified after the Soviet period, directed the development of "space electric rocket engines".<ref name="USSR Decree 715-296 1960" />{{rp|1-2}} |
| 1342558888 | 2026-03-09T16:51:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +<ref name="USSR Decree 715-296 1960"> |
| 1342558771 | 2026-03-09T16:51:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Notes */ cut |
| 1342557472 | 2026-03-09T16:44:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ After initial Russian usage from the 1970s, beginning in the 1990s qualified SPT units entered service on American and European spacecraft as well.<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|2,6}} |
| 1342557269 | 2026-03-09T16:43:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ By 2012, more than 270 Hall-effect SPT units had operated on over 60 Russian spacecraft.<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|2,6}} |
| 1342556970 | 2026-03-09T16:41:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ The first SPT was tested in orbit aboard a [[Meteor (satellite)|Meteor]] spacecraft in 1972, with corrective propulsion units operating on further Meteor missions through 1980.<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|2–3}} |
| 1342556779 | 2026-03-09T16:40:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ Also in the 1960s, A. I. Morozov proposed the [[Hall-effect thruster|stationary plasma thruster]] (SPT), a Hall-effect device that accelerates ionized propellant using crossed electric and magnetic fields.<ref name="Morozov PMTF 1968" />{{rp|19}}<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|3}} |
| 1342556267 | 2026-03-09T16:36:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ 2012-12-10 |
| 1342556174 | 2026-03-09T16:36:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ Following the Zond 2 demonstration, pulsed plasma thruster development was transferred from the [[Kurchatov Institute]] to [[Fakel (company)|OKB Fakel]], whose "Globus" pulsed propulsion unit flew in 1968.<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|2}}<ref name="Kazeev PPT Trudy MAI" />{{rp|1}} |
| 1342555787 | 2026-03-09T16:33:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Kazeev PPT Trudy MAI 2012-12-10"> |
| 1342554620 | 2026-03-09T16:26:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ By 2012, more than 270 SPD-70 and SPD-100 thrusters had operated on over 60 Russian spacecraft, and beginning in the 1990s qualified SPT units entered service on American and European spacecraft as well.<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1342554564 | 2026-03-09T16:25:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ The first SPT was tested in space aboard a [[Meteor (satellite)|Meteor]] spacecraft launched in December 1971, with orbital firings conducted between February and June 1972; subsequent corrective propulsion units operated on further Meteor missions through 1980.<ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10" />{{rp|3}} |
| 1342554480 | 2026-03-09T16:25:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Kozubsky SPD Trudy MAI 2012-12-10"> |
| 1342552878 | 2026-03-09T16:15:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ Hall effect here |
| 1342552791 | 2026-03-09T16:14:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ wrong place |
| 1342552432 | 2026-03-09T16:12:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Morozov PMTF 1968"> |
| 1342551995 | 2026-03-09T16:10:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ [[Hall-effect thruster|Stationary plasma thrusters]] (SPT), also called Hall-effect thrusters, accelerate ionized propellant (typically [[xenon]]) using crossed electric and magnetic fields with a closed electron drift.<ref name="Morozov PMTF 1968" />{{rp|19-22}} The concept was proposed by A. I. Morozov in the early 1960s, and a 1968 paper on near-wall conductivity in strongly magnetized plasma provided key theoretical grounding for the discharge channel physics.<ref name="Mor |
| 1342546823 | 2026-03-09T15:32:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ ce |
| 1342197899 | 2026-03-07T16:54:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ <ref name="Radd ARS 1945" />{{rp|28-29}} |
| 1342194843 | 2026-03-07T16:27:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ In the same monograph, Israel Levitt, director of the Institute's Fels Planetarium, described solar propulsion methods including [[Krafft Arnold Ehricke]]'s solar thermal concepts, [[Richard Garwin]]'s radiation pressure sail proposals, and photon rocket research by Kurl Stanukovitch of Russia.<ref name="Franklin FP Levitt 1957" />{{rp|189–190,191–192,192–193}} |
| 1342193857 | 2026-03-07T16:19:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1950s */ In the same monograph, Israel Levitt, director of the Institute's Fels Planetarium, described [[Krafft Arnold Ehricke]] and [[Richard Garwin]]'s distinct proposals for solar sail systems as well as photon rocket research by Kurl Stanukovitch of Russia.<ref name="Franklin FP Levitt 1957" />{{rp|191-192,192-193}} |
| 1342189433 | 2026-03-07T15:43:52Z | Very Polite Person | update Ritchey |
| 1342188431 | 2026-03-07T15:35:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ ce |
| 1342188387 | 2026-03-07T15:34:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ ce |
| 1342188326 | 2026-03-07T15:34:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ split |
| 1342052119 | 2026-03-06T18:12:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ ce |
| 1342051943 | 2026-03-06T18:11:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ <ref name="Rynin Vol 4 1929"> & <ref name="Rynin Vol 9 1932"> comment out for now |
| 1342051741 | 2026-03-06T18:10:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ Rynin observed that the work surveyed in his encyclopedia "clearly shows that different people in different countries independently came to the same conclusion" regarding the feasibility of interplanetary travel.<ref name="Rynin Vol 8 1932" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1342051168 | 2026-03-06T18:07:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ Rynin's first volume, ''Dreams, legends, and early fantasies'' (1928), organized spacecraft energy sources into three categories: energy transmitted from Earth to the vehicle, energy carried onboard, and energy derived from outer space; the last including "radiation pressure to bear on special large screens around the vehicle," an explicit description of photon-pressure propulsion.<ref name="Rynin Vol 1 1928" /> |
| 1342050841 | 2026-03-06T18:04:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ Its coverage included radiation-pressure propulsion and beamed-energy concepts,<ref name="Rynin Vol 1 1928" /> and the work of Lebedev, Tsiolkovsky, Goddard, [[Hermann Oberth]], and [[Robert Esnault-Pelterie]].<ref name="Rynin Vol 8 1932" />{{rp|332–333}} |
| 1342050599 | 2026-03-06T18:03:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ Between 1928 and 1932, [[Nikolai Rynin]] published ''Mezhplanetnye Soobshcheniya'' (''Interplanetary Flight and Communication''), a nine-volume Russian-language encyclopedia that the [[National Air and Space Museum]] described as the first encyclopedia on the history and theory of aerospace technology and spaceflight.<ref name="NASM Rynin" /> |
| 1342049652 | 2026-03-06T17:56:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ <ref name="Rynin Vol 8 1932" />{{rp|332-333}} |
| 1342049267 | 2026-03-06T17:54:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ add for [[Nikolai Rynin]] +4, <ref name="Rynin Vol 1 1928"> <ref name="Rynin Vol 4 1929"> <ref name="Rynin Vol 8 1932"> <ref name="Rynin Vol 9 1932"> and +1 <ref name="NASM Rynin"> [[National Air and Space Museum]] |
| 1342004407 | 2026-03-06T12:05:09Z | Rodw | Disambiguating links to [[Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]] (link changed to [[The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]]) using [[User:Qwertyytrewqqwerty/DisamAssist|DisamAssist]]. |
| 1342004263 | 2026-03-06T12:03:40Z | Rodw | Disambiguating links to [[George Tucker]] (link changed to [[George Tucker (author)]]) using [[User:Qwertyytrewqqwerty/DisamAssist|DisamAssist]]. |
| 1342004181 | 2026-03-06T12:02:47Z | Rodw | Disambiguating links to [[A Voyage to the Moon]] (link changed to [[A Voyage to the Moon (Tucker novel)]]) using [[User:Qwertyytrewqqwerty/DisamAssist|DisamAssist]]. |
| 1341962692 | 2026-03-06T04:56:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ dupe |
| 1341962606 | 2026-03-06T04:55:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ try a different sorting, may be cleaner |
| 1341952204 | 2026-03-06T03:05:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ At the [[International Congress of Physics]] in 1900, [[Pyotr Lebedev]] presented ''Les forces de Maxwell-Bartoli dues à la pression de la lumière'', reporting experimental measurements of radiation pressure and providing the first quantitative confirmation of [[James Clerk Maxwell]]'s prediction that light exerts pressure on matter.<ref name="Lebedev FP 1900"/>{{rp|133-140}} |
| 1341950647 | 2026-03-06T02:50:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ ''Перелеты на другие планеты'' (''Flights to Other Planets'') by [[Friedrich Zander]] was published in 1924 in ''Техника и жизнь'', a Russian science journal, describing concepts to achieve interplanetary flight by use of light-propelled "screens made of extremely thin sheets".<ref name="Zander FP 1924" /> |
| 1341940214 | 2026-03-06T01:16:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341940138 | 2026-03-06T01:15:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341939834 | 2026-03-06T01:12:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341939650 | 2026-03-06T01:11:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ scope sourcing |
| 1341902994 | 2026-03-05T20:58:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ ce |
| 1341893611 | 2026-03-05T20:00:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ ce |
| 1341892709 | 2026-03-05T19:55:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ Kaplan May 2016 & Trautner Model 2022 temp comment out |
| 1341890987 | 2026-03-05T19:42:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ ce |
| 1341890357 | 2026-03-05T19:37:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341889546 | 2026-03-05T19:31:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ 2010 > 2014 |
| 1341889150 | 2026-03-05T19:29:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ In twentieth century contractor and program frameworks, "field" denoted one of three advanced-propulsion headings alongside "thermal" and "photon," encompassing electromagnetic thrusters that still expel carried propellant;<ref name="Myrabo NASA JPL Beam/Field Concepts 1983" />{{rp|26}} later usage, as in NIAC studies of environment-coupled momentum exchange, restricts the term to systems that derive thrust from external fields or media without expelling onboard reaction mass.< |
| 1341886557 | 2026-03-05T19:10:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ delink |
| 1341886467 | 2026-03-05T19:10:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ delink |
| 1341883097 | 2026-03-05T18:44:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ Field propulsion concepts have also appeared extensively in science fiction, in many cases predating or paralleling the technical research, and have occasionally influenced it directly, as when physicist [[Miguel Alcubierre]]'s warp metric was inspired by ''[[Star Trek]]'' terminology. |
| 1341882695 | 2026-03-05T18:41:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce |
| 1341882276 | 2026-03-05T18:38:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Arts and culture */ + add new section here and +twenty-four (24) new additional sources. |
| 1341719578 | 2026-03-04T17:38:52Z | Guy Macon | Added Wikilink to first mention on Yamato 1. Article is looking great, BTW. |
| 1341629651 | 2026-03-04T04:52:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Getty Ritchey"> |
| 1341629601 | 2026-03-04T04:51:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ [[The Franklin Institute]]'s astronautics lecture series in 1958 featured H.W. Ritchey, vice-president of [[Thiokol]] and head of their rocket program,<ref name="Getty Ritchey" /> who highlighted a 'Field Propulsion' illustration, describing propulsion 'by the use of fields' as a way to avoid an [[Jet engine|exhaust jet]].<ref name="Franklin FP 1957" />{{rp|46-47}} U.S. Air Force general Donald L. Putt, who led [[Operation Paperclip]] after [[World War II]], |
| 1341628731 | 2026-03-04T04:46:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ fix |
| 1341628585 | 2026-03-04T04:45:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ Franklin author, HW Ritchey |
| 1341626302 | 2026-03-04T04:29:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1341626159 | 2026-03-04T04:28:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ broken wikilink |
| 1341626131 | 2026-03-04T04:28:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1341625230 | 2026-03-04T04:21:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ just years is fine |
| 1341620664 | 2026-03-04T03:50:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ -1, in body |
| 1341620595 | 2026-03-04T03:50:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ -2, in body |
| 1341618841 | 2026-03-04T03:38:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Putt NASM"> |
| 1341618780 | 2026-03-04T03:38:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ U.S. Air Force general Donald L. Putt, who led [[Operation Paperclip]] after [[World War II]],<ref name="Putt NASM" /> predicted that upcoming spacecraft would deploy "photo or ion field-type propulsion".<ref name="FP Globe 1958-05-31" />{{rp|6}} |
| 1341600200 | 2026-03-04T01:42:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ ce |
| 1341592353 | 2026-03-04T00:56:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ [[Air-Rail Link#Maglev|Birmingham Airport Maglev]] |
| 1341592021 | 2026-03-04T00:54:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ [[MIT EAD Airframe Version 2|MIT EHD aircraft]] |
| 1341582944 | 2026-03-04T00:01:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +2 |
| 1341582635 | 2026-03-03T23:59:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated and proposed systems */ add table |
| 1341571420 | 2026-03-03T22:49:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +1 |
| 1341571362 | 2026-03-03T22:49:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ In 1997, the [[Lightcraft]] technology for laser-propelled flight was successfully demonstrated.<ref name="PM Myrabo 1995" />{{rp|44-45}} |
| 1341553928 | 2026-03-03T21:17:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ [[Air Force Research Laboratory]] |
| 1341542192 | 2026-03-03T20:11:04Z | ActivelyDisinterested | Cleared CS1 messages, ce, using reflist with list defined references is deprecated |
| 1341535397 | 2026-03-03T19:23:02Z | ActivelyDisinterested | /* Background and history */ Templates before images [[MOS:SECTIONLOC]] |
| 1341509986 | 2026-03-03T16:10:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ ce |
| 1341509000 | 2026-03-03T16:03:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ ce |
| 1341508881 | 2026-03-03T16:02:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ ce |
| 1341424545 | 2026-03-03T04:06:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ errant also |
| 1341424246 | 2026-03-03T04:04:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ image |
| 1341423603 | 2026-03-03T04:00:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background and history */ lede remnants here |
| 1341423425 | 2026-03-03T03:59:18Z | Very Polite Person | hopefully last big lede revamp |
| 1341422438 | 2026-03-03T03:51:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1341422399 | 2026-03-03T03:50:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1341422238 | 2026-03-03T03:49:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1341422078 | 2026-03-03T03:48:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ ce |
| 1341421897 | 2026-03-03T03:46:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ Czysz and Bruno also |
| 1341421605 | 2026-03-03T03:44:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ this goes here now |
| 1341421501 | 2026-03-03T03:43:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ cut |
| 1341421266 | 2026-03-03T03:40:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1341421246 | 2026-03-03T03:40:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1341421204 | 2026-03-03T03:40:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341420897 | 2026-03-03T03:37:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1341420776 | 2026-03-03T03:36:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ ce |
| 1341420463 | 2026-03-03T03:34:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce |
| 1341420086 | 2026-03-03T03:32:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1341355514 | 2026-03-02T19:39:50Z | Very Polite Person | lede tweaks |
| 1341350096 | 2026-03-02T18:58:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce, hair cut |
| 1341348816 | 2026-03-02T18:47:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1341346012 | 2026-03-02T18:27:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ ce |
| 1341345928 | 2026-03-02T18:27:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1341345763 | 2026-03-02T18:25:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ ce |
| 1341345521 | 2026-03-02T18:23:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ ce |
| 1341344328 | 2026-03-02T18:15:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient plasma-wave propulsion */ ce |
| 1341344298 | 2026-03-02T18:15:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1341344171 | 2026-03-02T18:14:19Z | Very Polite Person | |
| 1341344072 | 2026-03-02T18:13:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1341343988 | 2026-03-02T18:12:51Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1341343559 | 2026-03-02T18:09:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1341343498 | 2026-03-02T18:08:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1341343280 | 2026-03-02T18:07:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1341343244 | 2026-03-02T18:06:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ ce |
| 1341343086 | 2026-03-02T18:05:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ ce |
| 1341343063 | 2026-03-02T18:04:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ ce |
| 1341343029 | 2026-03-02T18:04:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341342966 | 2026-03-02T18:03:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce |
| 1341342801 | 2026-03-02T18:02:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce |
| 1341342555 | 2026-03-02T18:00:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341342413 | 2026-03-02T17:59:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1341342252 | 2026-03-02T17:58:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1341342183 | 2026-03-02T17:58:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1341341962 | 2026-03-02T17:56:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1341341671 | 2026-03-02T17:54:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1341340526 | 2026-03-02T17:49:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce |
| 1341336623 | 2026-03-02T17:19:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ ce |
| 1341336566 | 2026-03-02T17:18:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ ce |
| 1341336423 | 2026-03-02T17:17:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ ce |
| 1341336267 | 2026-03-02T17:16:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1341335890 | 2026-03-02T17:14:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1341335726 | 2026-03-02T17:13:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1341335638 | 2026-03-02T17:12:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ ce |
| 1341335504 | 2026-03-02T17:11:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1341335158 | 2026-03-02T17:09:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ {{rp|I-1,25–26}} |
| 1341335046 | 2026-03-02T17:08:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1341334977 | 2026-03-02T17:08:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1341334920 | 2026-03-02T17:07:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1341334699 | 2026-03-02T17:05:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ ce |
| 1341334669 | 2026-03-02T17:05:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology */ ce |
| 1341333316 | 2026-03-02T16:55:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ image - [[SCMaglev]] |
| 1341332825 | 2026-03-02T16:51:26Z | Very Polite Person | images shuffle |
| 1341330617 | 2026-03-02T16:36:14Z | Very Polite Person | image placements |
| 1341330353 | 2026-03-02T16:34:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ image |
| 1341328655 | 2026-03-02T16:23:09Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1341327351 | 2026-03-02T16:13:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ ce; this isn't about reactionless drives and don't need lede-level diclaimers. |
| 1341242177 | 2026-03-02T04:05:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* top */ remove equivalent of tech debt from outdated... IKAROS et al and others are interplanetary, that's what I get for trying to build by sources chronologically at first to keep things extra tight |
| 1341183004 | 2026-03-01T22:47:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1341182963 | 2026-03-01T22:47:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce |
| 1341182621 | 2026-03-01T22:45:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce |
| 1341182406 | 2026-03-01T22:43:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ remove my months of "double checked xyz" hidden notes for working, keep two <!-- hidden sources to check later again |
| 1341180955 | 2026-03-01T22:34:47Z | Very Polite Person | tweak lede |
| 1340919797 | 2026-02-28T13:21:56Z | Arjayay | Duplicate word removed |
| 1340801752 | 2026-02-27T19:52:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background */ ce |
| 1340801393 | 2026-02-27T19:49:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1340801148 | 2026-02-27T19:47:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1340800946 | 2026-02-27T19:45:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ By [[STS-75]] in 1996<ref name="NASA tether 1999-03-13" /> and [[LightSail|LightSail 1]] and [[LightSail#LightSail 2|LightSail 2]] between 2015 and 2019, modern functional field propulsion systems were active in [[outer space]].<ref name="PS FP 2015-06-09" /><ref name="PS FP 2020 LightSail2" /> |
| 1340800750 | 2026-02-27T19:44:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ [[STS-75]] in 1996 deployed and proved the functionality of the [[space tether]] field propulsion concept on the 19th mission of the {{OV|Columbia|full=no}} [[NASA]] [[Space Shuttle]] orbiter.<ref name="NASA tether 1999-03-13" /> |
| 1340800402 | 2026-02-27T19:41:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1340796068 | 2026-02-27T19:09:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ ce |
| 1340795839 | 2026-02-27T19:07:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce |
| 1340795407 | 2026-02-27T19:04:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ ce |
| 1340795296 | 2026-02-27T19:03:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1340794948 | 2026-02-27T19:00:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-fed electric propulsion */ ce |
| 1340794815 | 2026-02-27T18:58:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ ce |
| 1340794712 | 2026-02-27T18:57:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1340794601 | 2026-02-27T18:56:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1340794530 | 2026-02-27T18:56:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1340794407 | 2026-02-27T18:55:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1340794323 | 2026-02-27T18:54:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1340791257 | 2026-02-27T18:31:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1340789933 | 2026-02-27T18:21:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1340789679 | 2026-02-27T18:19:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background */ ce |
| 1340788932 | 2026-02-27T18:13:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ In his 1918-1919 manuscript ''"To whomsoever will read in order to build"'', [[Yuri Kondratyuk]] discussed electric propulsion in the context of cathode rays and described thrust from electrically discharging and repelling material particles, alongside a schematic that Choueiri noted may be the "first conceptualization of a [[colloid thruster]]".<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|10}} |
| 1340787903 | 2026-02-27T18:05:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ split |
| 1340787875 | 2026-02-27T18:04:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ In 1947 at [[Fort Bliss]], [[Wernher von Braun]] encouraged [[Ernst Stuhlinger]] to investigate his spacecraft propulsion ideas, telling Stuhlinger, "I wouldn't be a bit surprised if one day we flew to to Mars electrically!"<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|13}} |
| 1340787344 | 2026-02-27T18:00:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ The first clear postwar reappearance of these propulsion concepts in open scientific literature was in December 1945, in the ''[[Journal of the American Rocket Society]]'', where the term "[[ion rocket]]" was first coined by Herbert Radd.<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|12}} |
| 1340786920 | 2026-02-27T17:56:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ After the 1930s, related field propulsion research concepts reached a lull in public published activity for over a decade through and after [[World War II]], appearing mainly in science fiction rather than in sustained technical development.<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|12}} |
| 1340786502 | 2026-02-27T17:52:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ [[Hermann Oberth]]'s 1929 book ''[[Wege zur Raumschiffahrt]]'' was cited by Choueiri as having "defined, for the first time publicly and unambiguously", that related propulsion concepts were "a serious and worthy pursuit in astronautics".<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|11}} |
| 1340786035 | 2026-02-27T17:48:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ The [[NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts]] (NIAC) program published further field propulsion research in 2011.<ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" />{{rp|1,25-26}} |
| 1340785726 | 2026-02-27T17:46:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ ce |
| 1340785540 | 2026-02-27T17:44:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ author-link=[[Robert L. Forward]] |
| 1340785424 | 2026-02-27T17:43:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy propulsion */ ce |
| 1340785337 | 2026-02-27T17:42:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ Across all of these efforts, technical and scientific reviews acknowledged the conceptual appeal of field propulsion but also stressed the unresolved consistency issues that arise when no clear external momentum channel can be identified.<ref name="Millis BPPP NASA 1998" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1340785291 | 2026-02-27T17:42:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ In 2010, the [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency]]'s (JAXA) [[IKAROS]] mission demonstrated propulsion by harnessing [[radiation pressure]] from sunlight.<ref name="JAXA IKAROS 2010" /><ref name="Johnson et al NASA 2013" />{{rp|3}} |
| 1340785017 | 2026-02-27T17:40:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce |
| 1340784422 | 2026-02-27T17:35:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ ce |
| 1340784331 | 2026-02-27T17:34:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ this also goes up here |
| 1340784081 | 2026-02-27T17:32:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ this belongs up here |
| 1340783857 | 2026-02-27T17:30:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ [[British Aerospace]] was confirmed in 2001 to have initiated a research program called "Project Greenglow" to research "the possibility of the control of gravitational fields."<ref name="BBC Greenglow 2016-03-23" /><ref name="Observer FP 2001-01-07" />{{rp|13}} |
| 1340782983 | 2026-02-27T17:24:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1970s */ ce |
| 1340782890 | 2026-02-27T17:23:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ According to Choueiri, early thinking and experimentation in related propulsion research focused mainly on electrostatic concepts, but that the first laboratory electric thruster was electrothermal and the first electric thruster to fly in space was a mostly electromagnetic pulsed plasma device.<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|8}} |
| 1340782657 | 2026-02-27T17:21:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce |
| 1340782427 | 2026-02-27T17:20:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ [[Edgar Choueiri]] |
| 1340782157 | 2026-02-27T17:18:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Early 20th century to the 1960s */ Edgar Choueiri, writing in ''[[Journal of Propulsion and Power]]'', described a 1917 patent application by [[Robert H. Goddard]], granted in 1920, as "the world’s first documented electrostatic ion accelerator intended for propulsion."<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|8}} |
| 1340781722 | 2026-02-27T17:14:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ [[Journal of Propulsion and Power]] |
| 1340781333 | 2026-02-27T17:10:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1980s-1990s */ ce |
| 1340781213 | 2026-02-27T17:10:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1340781100 | 2026-02-27T17:09:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ change decade splits |
| 1340780826 | 2026-02-27T17:07:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ split |
| 1340780690 | 2026-02-27T17:06:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ November 30 |
| 1340780610 | 2026-02-27T17:05:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ to here |
| 1340780549 | 2026-02-27T17:05:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ cut to move |
| 1340779183 | 2026-02-27T16:55:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ It reported that the mission's mercury electron bombardment ion engine "ran for 31 minutes becoming the first electric engine ever to operate in space."<ref name="Camilleri EP 2017" />{{rp|4}} |
| 1340778945 | 2026-02-27T16:53:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ A 2017 [[University of Colorado]] paper from the [[Ann and H.J. Smead Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences]] described SERT I as "not only the first electric satellite it was also the first spacecraft to incorporate any kind of electric propulsion."<ref name="Camilleri EP 2017" />{{rp|1,4}} |
| 1340777859 | 2026-02-27T16:44:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ [[SERT-1|Space Electric Rocket Test]] (SERT I) |
| 1340629294 | 2026-02-26T19:44:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ NASA reported that on July 20, 1964, two electrostatic ion engines were tested in space in the Space Electric Rocket Test (SERT I), and that the mercury electron-bombardment engine produced thrust in flight.<ref name="NASA Lewis FP 1966" />{{rp|13}} |
| 1340629080 | 2026-02-26T19:43:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ A 1966 NASA [[Lewis Research Center]] overview stated that electric-propulsion spacecraft then under study could not be expected to take off from Earth and therefore would need to be launched to Earth orbit by chemical rockets before beginning low-thrust operation.<ref name="NASA Lewis FP 1966" />{{rp|6}} |
| 1340627981 | 2026-02-26T19:35:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340627610 | 2026-02-26T19:32:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340621552 | 2026-02-26T18:46:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340620981 | 2026-02-26T18:42:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Development and testing */ ce |
| 1340620924 | 2026-02-26T18:41:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Development and testing */ ce |
| 1340620776 | 2026-02-26T18:40:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated */ ce |
| 1340620686 | 2026-02-26T18:39:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340619175 | 2026-02-26T18:28:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340618988 | 2026-02-26T18:27:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ oops, fix. |
| 1340618874 | 2026-02-26T18:26:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340618481 | 2026-02-26T18:23:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Proposed and theorized */ These concepts are discussed in aerospace literature primarily as theoretical or exploratory frameworks rather than operational propulsion technologies. |
| 1340618427 | 2026-02-26T18:23:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Development and testing */ These categories describe propulsion concepts reported as under engineering investigation that extend demonstrated field propulsion concepts and technologies. |
| 1340618319 | 2026-02-26T18:22:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Demonstrated */ This section covers propulsion approaches with experimental validation, flight heritage, or sustained engineering development, regardless of whether they carry propellant. |
| 1340617974 | 2026-02-26T18:19:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ These distinctions underpin how the literature groups field propulsion concepts, separating internally accelerated propellant systems from approaches that exchange momentum with external fields or media. |
| 1340617274 | 2026-02-26T18:14:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340617245 | 2026-02-26T18:14:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ Accordingly, published surveys tend to treat field propulsion as a layered taxonomy rather than a single technology, spanning demonstrated engineering systems, environment-coupled momentum exchange, and theoretical physics proposals. |
| 1340617089 | 2026-02-26T18:13:21Z | Very Polite Person | Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1340616967|1340616967]] by [[Special:Contributions/Very Polite Person|Very Polite Person]] ([[User talk:Very Polite Person|talk]]) |
| 1340616967 | 2026-02-26T18:12:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Theoretical proposals */ These distinctions underpin how the literature groups field propulsion concepts, separating internally accelerated propellant systems from those that exchange momentum with external fields or media. |
| 1340616890 | 2026-02-26T18:12:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ Subsequent work largely extended this research, examining whether identifiable environmental interactions could meet the same conservation law and measurement criteria. |
| 1340616778 | 2026-02-26T18:11:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ BPP reframed field propulsion from a catalog of ideas into a research program defined by falsifiable physical requirements. |
| 1340616641 | 2026-02-26T18:10:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ By the 1980s, earlier classification frameworks began giving way to attempts to identify and organize specific physical coupling mechanisms capable of producing measurable thrust. |
| 1340616481 | 2026-02-26T18:09:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ This period marked a transition from organizing concepts by propulsion category toward attempts to identify specific physical coupling mechanisms capable of producing measurable thrust. |
| 1340616428 | 2026-02-26T18:08:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ Field propulsion developed as a parallel conceptual track alongside conventional rocketry, moving between speculative physics, engineering classification frameworks, and periodic experimental demonstrations. |
| 1340611323 | 2026-02-26T17:32:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1340609958 | 2026-02-26T17:23:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ ce |
| 1340609753 | 2026-02-26T17:22:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* 21st century */ ce |
| 1340609556 | 2026-02-26T17:21:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ ce |
| 1340609370 | 2026-02-26T17:19:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1990s */ ce new version |
| 1340609142 | 2026-02-26T17:18:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* 1960s-1980s */ ce |
| 1340609041 | 2026-02-26T17:17:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ folder 80s into this period |
| 1340608906 | 2026-02-26T17:16:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce and consider chronology subsections |
| 1340608211 | 2026-02-26T17:11:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1340608147 | 2026-02-26T17:11:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ split |
| 1340607749 | 2026-02-26T17:08:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ fix efn |
| 1340607175 | 2026-02-26T17:05:17Z | Very Polite Person | ce; liberate some things from Definitions that honestly probably are better under history et al |
| 1340605551 | 2026-02-26T16:55:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ rename ===sub sections=== |
| 1340603700 | 2026-02-26T16:42:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ ce to: Some speculative field propulsion concepts may require extensions to established physical theories, including [[Physics beyond the Standard Model|beyond the Standard Model]] of [[particle physics]] and [[cosmology]].<ref name="Dröscher Hauser" />{{rp|9}} |
| 1340581151 | 2026-02-26T13:41:54Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1340580634 | 2026-02-26T13:38:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background */ to here |
| 1340580535 | 2026-02-26T13:37:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definitions */ cut to move |
| 1340580438 | 2026-02-26T13:36:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* Background */ simplify |
| 1340579972 | 2026-02-26T13:32:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ proposed |
| 1340579775 | 2026-02-26T13:32:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce, cut paragraph that's really about one study, interesting though it is |
| 1340579032 | 2026-02-26T13:27:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ plural |
| 1340578961 | 2026-02-26T13:26:40Z | Very Polite Person | ce, start next section rejigger, [[specific impulse]] |
| 1340512232 | 2026-02-26T03:27:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[Albert Einstein]] |
| 1340511921 | 2026-02-26T03:25:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ The device was likely the first electric thruster to ever be studied on a thruster stand, and was the first electrothermal thruster ever built.<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|11-12}} |
| 1340511792 | 2026-02-26T03:24:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[Valentin Glushko]] joined the [[Gas Dynamics Laboratory]] in [[Leningrad]] in 1929, and by 1933 with staff developed an early [[Spacecraft electric propulsion|electric thruster]] prototype, an [[Microwave electrothermal thruster|electrothermal]] approach intended for spacecraft propulsion.<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|11}} |
| 1340454704 | 2026-02-25T20:47:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]] writing in 1911 included an early published statement of the basic electric-propulsion idea: using electricity to increase the velocity of ejected particles. Tsiolkovsky wrote:<ref name="Choueiri FP 2004" />{{rp|4}} |
| 1340133987 | 2026-02-24T03:13:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ split |
| 1340133730 | 2026-02-24T03:11:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ paste |
| 1340133593 | 2026-02-24T03:10:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive */ cut |
| 1340133453 | 2026-02-24T03:09:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ split |
| 1340133400 | 2026-02-24T03:09:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ split |
| 1340133366 | 2026-02-24T03:09:00Z | Very Polite Person | try a structural change |
| 1340131010 | 2026-02-24T02:54:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive */ ce |
| 1340130729 | 2026-02-24T02:53:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ A 2009 propulsion survey framed one motivation for field propulsion research in operational terms, arguing that if field interactions could reduce effective gravitational and inertial resistance, rocket thrust and propellant requirements for Earth-to-orbit flight would be substantially reduced.<ref name="Czysz Bruno FP 2009" />{{rp|437}} |
| 1340055852 | 2026-02-23T18:36:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ ce |
| 1340055561 | 2026-02-23T18:34:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and externally powered thrust */ ce |
| 1340054900 | 2026-02-23T18:29:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1340051312 | 2026-02-23T18:05:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Czysz Bruno FP 2009"> |
| 1340044645 | 2026-02-23T17:19:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Production */ better term: Demonstrated |
| 1340044483 | 2026-02-23T17:18:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Been to space */ ce title |
| 1340039841 | 2026-02-23T16:47:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340039535 | 2026-02-23T16:45:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1340038480 | 2026-02-23T16:36:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ try different arrangement |
| 1339953089 | 2026-02-23T03:49:39Z | OAbot | [[Wikipedia:OABOT|Open access bot]]: url-access=subscription updated in citation with #oabot. |
| 1339704092 | 2026-02-21T23:11:30Z | Skarz | Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 |
| 1339588268 | 2026-02-21T08:20:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Traditional [[Rocket|rocketry]] has dominated [[Spacecraft propulsion|aerospace propulsion]] in the 20th and early 21st centuries.<ref name="NASA History of Rockets" /> |
| 1339567461 | 2026-02-21T05:13:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ to here |
| 1339567327 | 2026-02-21T05:12:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ cut to move |
| 1339544071 | 2026-02-21T02:27:45Z | Very Polite Person | dislike that change, rv |
| 1339543828 | 2026-02-21T02:25:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ trying a change |
| 1339541805 | 2026-02-21T02:09:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ Minami's navigation theory framing was situated within broader [[Extra dimensions|extra-dimensional]] theory discussions, including [[Kaluza-Klein theory]], [[supergravity|supergravity theory]], [[superstring theory]], [[M theory]], and [[D-brane]]-related superstring theory, as part of the paper's conceptual background for interstellar navigation.<ref name="Minami FP Practical 2005" />{{rp|1420}} |
| 1339541132 | 2026-02-21T02:05:02Z | Very Polite Person | delink, will be moving up |
| 1339538388 | 2026-02-21T01:46:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope, terminology, and programmatic efforts */ Practical interstellar exploration was framed as a combined problem of propulsion theory and navigation theory, rather than as a propulsion-only problem.<ref name="Minami FP Practical 2005" />{{rp|1419; 1420}} |
| 1339538098 | 2026-02-21T01:44:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ Field propulsion alone was described as insufficient for practical interstellar exploration because no propulsion theory currently exceeds the speed of light, requiring a navigation theory as a secondary solution alongside propulsion theory.<ref name="Minami FP Practical 2005" />{{rp|1419}} |
| 1339535157 | 2026-02-21T01:26:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ update ref name, date, archive url |
| 1339534003 | 2026-02-21T01:19:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + Minami, Yoshinari (2005). "A Perspective of Practical Interstellar Exploration: Using Field Propulsion and Hyper-Space Navigation Theory" |
| 1339482974 | 2026-02-20T20:19:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1339471497 | 2026-02-20T19:00:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Yoshinari Minami of the [[Advanced Space Propulsion Investigation Committee]] argued in 2003 that a potential propulsion "breakthrough" could rely on field propulsion, defined as employing "a physical means to asymmetrically interact with the space vacuum."<ref name="Minami FP JBIS 2003" />{{rp|350}} |
| 1339471254 | 2026-02-20T18:58:32Z | Very Polite Person | As one candidate concept, Minami treated space as "an elastic body like rubber" and argued that space curvature could create an "acceleration field," stating that "a space drive is produced in the region of curved space."<ref name="Mi As one candidate concept, Minami treated space as “an elastic body like rubber” and argued that space curvature could create an “acceleration field,” stating that “a space drive is produced in the region of curved space.”<ref name="Minami FP JBIS 2003" />{{rp|352}} |
| 1339471023 | 2026-02-20T18:57:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Conservation laws can be satisfied in field propulsion via interaction with "a mass, a massive body, electromagnetic radiation, and space as a vacuum," as Minami described, adding that the "most promising interpretation" is treating vacuum as "a kind of reaction mass."<ref name="Minami FP JBIS 2003" />{{rp|351}} |
| 1339456380 | 2026-02-20T17:35:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ [[Scientific law|physical law]] |
| 1339456205 | 2026-02-20T17:34:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Millis ultimately summarized the matter as: "For field propulsion, the fields themselves must act as the reaction mass."<ref name="Millis Coupling Gravity EM Spacetime 1995" />{{rp|95}} |
| 1339456096 | 2026-02-20T17:34:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Marc Millis of [[NASA]]'s [[Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Project]] (BPP) framed the related "space coupling propulsion" problem as requiring a tangible reaction-mass-like property of the vacuum and a controllable coupling mechanism that yields net external thrust.<ref name="Millis Coupling Gravity EM Spacetime 1995" />{{rp|93,94-95,95}} |
| 1339455190 | 2026-02-20T17:28:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1339455015 | 2026-02-20T17:27:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1339453295 | 2026-02-20T17:18:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1339452968 | 2026-02-20T17:15:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1339452425 | 2026-02-20T17:12:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1339446929 | 2026-02-20T16:38:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ Holt argued that progress toward field-dependent propulsion required a "field physics laboratory" to quantify relationships among gravitation, electromagnetism, and spacetime structure, to advance aerospace performance beyond then-leading systems like the [[Space Shuttle]], [[SR-71A]], and [[F-16]].<ref name="Holt FP 1980 NTRS" /> |
| 1339446780 | 2026-02-20T16:37:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ Proposed models for field propulsion interactions in this era ranged from Einstein's [[United field theory|unified-field]] efforts to work by "serious 'amateurs'," reflecting how wide the speculative literature around such ideas had become by that period.<ref name="Holt FP 1980 NTRS" /> |
| 1339419609 | 2026-02-20T12:42:18Z | Headbomb | CE |
| 1339346733 | 2026-02-20T01:47:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ I thought I had updated the broken archive link for [[Leik Myrabo]] but I guess not, fixed now |
| 1339194764 | 2026-02-19T11:37:11Z | GreenC bot | Reformat 1 URL ([[en:User:GreenC/WaybackMedic_2.5|Wayback Medic 2.5]]). Notice: [[Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Archive.is_RFC_5|RFC Eliminate or Deprecate Archive.today from Wikipedia]] |
| 1339056449 | 2026-02-18T19:23:13Z | Very Polite Person | and > or |
| 1338870420 | 2026-02-17T18:54:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ In 1928, J. Navascués of [[León, Spain]] described a field coupled [[dynamo]]-electric machine concept "producing translatory motion of machine by current reaction with earth's field", in which "Propulsion is caused by cutting with a closed conducting turn the earth's [[magnetic flux]]".<ref name="Navascués FP 1928" />{{rp|7231}} |
| 1338867505 | 2026-02-17T18:33:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ [[Magnetic sail|Magnetospheric plasma propulsion]] (M2P2) is a NIAC proposal by [[Robert Winglee]], in which plasma injection inflates a magnetic bubble that couples with the solar wind. It is considered a variant of magnetic sails.<ref name="Winglee M2P2 NASA" /><ref name="Wired M2P2 1999-08-18" /> |
| 1338865811 | 2026-02-17T18:21:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ <ref name="BBC Greenglow 2016-03-23" /> |
| 1338864868 | 2026-02-17T18:14:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ fmt |
| 1338864171 | 2026-02-17T18:09:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ <ref name="PS FP 2020 LightSail2" /> |
| 1338857071 | 2026-02-17T17:19:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ <ref name="PS FP 2015-06-09" /> |
| 1338856149 | 2026-02-17T17:13:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ <ref name="NASA tether 1999-03-13" /> |
| 1338853860 | 2026-02-17T16:56:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ In 1958, [[The Franklin Institute]]'s astronautics lecture series, published as a Journal of the Franklin Institute monograph, included a section explicitly titled 'Field Propulsion,' describing propulsion 'by the use of fields' as a way to avoid an [[Jet engine|exhaust jet]],<ref name="Franklin FP 1957" /> |
| 1338779593 | 2026-02-17T04:47:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ order |
| 1338779102 | 2026-02-17T04:41:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ links + ce |
| 1338760256 | 2026-02-17T01:51:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +quote |
| 1338759651 | 2026-02-17T01:45:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ [[macroscopic]], [[Magnetic reconnection|line merging]], [[megagauss]] |
| 1338759338 | 2026-02-17T01:43:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1338759243 | 2026-02-17T01:42:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[science fiction]] |
| 1338759128 | 2026-02-17T01:42:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ as prior 1960s research had |
| 1338757667 | 2026-02-17T01:30:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[Institute of Development Studies]] |
| 1338712915 | 2026-02-16T20:17:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ The [[British National Space Centre]] and [[Society of British Aerospace Companies]] began organizing an annual field propulsion research conference in 2001, inaugurated in [[Brighton]] with initial delegates including [[Harry Kroto]].<ref name="FP Conference page 2001" /><ref name="Observer FP 2001-01-07" />{{rp|13}} |
| 1338711969 | 2026-02-16T20:10:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ The [[British National Space Centre]] began organizing an annual field propulsion research conference in 2001, inaugurated in [[Brighton]] with initial delegates including [[Harry Kroto]].<ref name="Observer FP 2001-01-07" />{{rp|13}} |
| 1338711573 | 2026-02-16T20:07:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ [[British Aerospace]] was confirmed in 2001 to have initiated a research program called "Project Greenglow" to research "the possibility of the control of gravitational fields."<ref name="Observer FP 2001-01-07" />{{rp|13}} |
| 1338710133 | 2026-02-16T19:56:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ image |
| 1338709716 | 2026-02-16T19:53:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ expand |
| 1338706259 | 2026-02-16T19:30:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ expand |
| 1338698631 | 2026-02-16T18:44:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ fix ref |
| 1338698451 | 2026-02-16T18:43:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ In 1980, the ''[[Huntsville Times]]'' reported on a program by [[TRW Inc.]]'s Defense and Space Systems Group researching [[magnetic field]] based field propulsion, called "force field propulsion", for vehicle launch applications.<ref name="Huntsville FP 1980-10-27" />{{rp|4}} |
| 1338692729 | 2026-02-16T17:58:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ The ''Chicago Tribune'' in 1980 highlighted [[solar electric propulsion]] as a possible field propulsion option under research.<ref name="Chicago Tribune FP 1980-01-29" /> |
| 1338390018 | 2026-02-14T22:15:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[United Press International]] reported that in 1964 there was a proposal from the [[Westinghouse Air Brake Company]] to link [[Youngstown, Ohio]] with [[Pittsburgh]] via a "super conductor magnetic field propulsion" [[Transit Expressway Revenue Line|transit system]].<ref name="UPI FP 1964-01-03" />{{rp|9}} |
| 1338388532 | 2026-02-14T22:04:00Z | Very Polite Person | + |
| 1338255120 | 2026-02-14T01:52:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ In 1958, U.S. Air Force general Donald L. Putt predicted that upcoming spacecraft would deploy "photo or ion field-type propulsion".<ref name="FP Globe 1958-05-31" />{{rp|6}} |
| 1338194921 | 2026-02-13T19:06:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ The concept depended on two assumptions: that space-time is a projection of a [[Extra dimensions|higher-dimensional space]] analogous to a [[Holographic principle|hologram]], and that electromagnetic or hydromagnetic fields are related to gravitational fields such that a [[unified field theory]] could be developed. <ref name="Holt NASA 1979" />{{rp|1}} |
| 1338191945 | 2026-02-13T18:46:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ split |
| 1338190990 | 2026-02-13T18:40:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ + <ref name="Holt NASA 1979" /> |
| 1338186068 | 2026-02-13T18:10:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-fed electric propulsion */ missing , |
| 1338185929 | 2026-02-13T18:09:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1338185184 | 2026-02-13T18:04:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1338185118 | 2026-02-13T18:04:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient-environment coupling */ ce |
| 1338184987 | 2026-02-13T18:03:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1338184876 | 2026-02-13T18:02:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1338179496 | 2026-02-13T17:29:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1338179359 | 2026-02-13T17:28:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1338179287 | 2026-02-13T17:28:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1338179226 | 2026-02-13T17:28:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope, terminology, and programmatic efforts */ ce |
| 1338178986 | 2026-02-13T17:27:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1338178896 | 2026-02-13T17:26:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1338177175 | 2026-02-13T17:17:02Z | Very Polite Person | wikilink cleaning |
| 1338175830 | 2026-02-13T17:09:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ wikilink clean up |
| 1338170552 | 2026-02-13T16:39:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ wikilink cleaning |
| 1338169042 | 2026-02-13T16:30:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric and electromagnetic with carried propellant */ wikilink cleaning |
| 1338168705 | 2026-02-13T16:28:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ wikilink cleaning |
| 1338168020 | 2026-02-13T16:23:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-fed electric propulsion */ wikilink cleaning |
| 1338167765 | 2026-02-13T16:21:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ wikilink cleaning |
| 1338167311 | 2026-02-13T16:18:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ cleaning duplicate wikilinks |
| 1338161687 | 2026-02-13T15:30:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ try to implify efn |
| 1338155514 | 2026-02-13T14:39:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1338155326 | 2026-02-13T14:37:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ remove duplicate or otherwise used wikilinks from efn |
| 1338022456 | 2026-02-12T19:40:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ Minami Musha note |
| 1338022333 | 2026-02-12T19:39:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ {{rp|215,218-219}} |
| 1338016806 | 2026-02-12T19:03:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ RPs for efn |
| 1338015902 | 2026-02-12T18:56:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Big sourcing upgrade on sentence: Any propulsion system that purports to generate net thrust in a closed system without external interaction challenges this principle and is considered physically untenable under the [[Standard Model]] of physics, and would require [[physics beyond the Standard Model]] to be viable. |
| 1338013295 | 2026-02-12T18:36:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + add notes section for efns |
| 1337868499 | 2026-02-11T22:21:46Z | Very Polite Person | stray tic |
| 1337865690 | 2026-02-11T22:03:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ Meng 5333444 to refs |
| 1337862032 | 2026-02-11T21:44:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-interaction in atmosphere or dense media */ <ref name="Akagi et al 1994-05-27"> +archive url and RP |
| 1337860956 | 2026-02-11T21:38:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ McInnes set |
| 1337860802 | 2026-02-11T21:36:47Z | Very Polite Person | {{rp|187,193}} and note for Forward |
| 1337857254 | 2026-02-11T21:12:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +note |
| 1337857075 | 2026-02-11T21:11:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +note |
| 1337853249 | 2026-02-11T20:41:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ update Gilland note for editing |
| 1337853083 | 2026-02-11T20:40:01Z | Very Polite Person | ce ref, copied from older notes |
| 1337845557 | 2026-02-11T19:47:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ fix link |
| 1337845486 | 2026-02-11T19:47:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1337838063 | 2026-02-11T18:54:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1337833637 | 2026-02-11T18:26:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ ce |
| 1337830543 | 2026-02-11T18:05:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1337808262 | 2026-02-11T15:42:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1337807799 | 2026-02-11T15:39:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce, I've now cut like 4-5 reiterations in various forms of this in a frankly over-correction to fringe hypersensitivity type worries (probably in my own head), so bye |
| 1337710474 | 2026-02-11T01:25:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1337710345 | 2026-02-11T01:24:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1337667819 | 2026-02-10T20:19:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Broad definitions often include [[solar sail]] systems, such as the [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency]]'s (JAXA) [[IKAROS]] mission, which demonstrated propulsion by harnessing [[radiation pressure]] from sunlight.<ref name="JAXA IKAROS 2010" /><ref name="Johnson et al NASA 2013" />{{rp|3}} |
| 1337667710 | 2026-02-10T20:18:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +2 <ref name="JAXA IKAROS 2010"> & <ref name="Johnson et al NASA 2013"> |
| 1336480094 | 2026-02-04T01:19:31Z | Very Polite Person | {{Short description|Propulsion concepts and technologies}} (it's not JUST spacecraft, as explained/demonstrated in article) |
| 1335037844 | 2026-01-27T00:42:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ almost tempted to bulk remove every wikilink after the Definition section to make a clean start of it after all the structural changes from my draft............... |
| 1335034368 | 2026-01-27T00:17:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1335033341 | 2026-01-27T00:10:17Z | Very Polite Person | [[Mass flow rate]] |
| 1335033215 | 2026-01-27T00:09:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ [[propellant]] & [[Coupling (physics)|interactions]] & [[Mass flow rate|sustained expulsion]] |
| 1335031285 | 2026-01-26T23:57:44Z | Randy Kryn | uppercase per direct link (Standard Model) |
| 1330194843 | 2025-12-30T00:45:19Z | Explicit | Removing link(s) [[undefined]] ([[WP:XFDC#4.0.16|XFDcloser]]) |
| 1330040992 | 2025-12-29T04:10:13Z | OAbot | [[Wikipedia:OABOT|Open access bot]]: arxiv, pmc, url-access=subscription updated in citation with #oabot. |
| 1328473766 | 2025-12-20T02:42:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="NASA FP small 2024-03-17"> |
| 1328473536 | 2025-12-20T02:40:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ <ref name="NASA FP small 2024-03-17" /> |
| 1328473477 | 2025-12-20T02:39:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ propellant-less propulsion |
| 1328315911 | 2025-12-19T03:37:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Environment-coupled, propellantless momentum exchange */ split and fix broken link for [[Magnetic sail|Magnetospheric plasma propulsion]] |
| 1328288720 | 2025-12-19T00:09:33Z | Very Polite Person | Big edit and import from [[User:Very Polite Person/sandbox]] on version https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Very_Polite_Person/sandbox&oldid=1328288436 |
| 1327952318 | 2025-12-17T01:15:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce +links |
| 1327924809 | 2025-12-16T22:23:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope, terminology, and programmatic efforts */ ce |
| 1327922423 | 2025-12-16T22:08:11Z | Very Polite Person | + <ref name="NASA History of Rockets"> to refs |
| 1327921194 | 2025-12-16T21:59:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1327921042 | 2025-12-16T21:58:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1327920406 | 2025-12-16T21:53:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope, terminology, and programmatic efforts */ ce {{rp|1,3–4}} |
| 1327919421 | 2025-12-16T21:47:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope, terminology, and programmatic efforts */ <ref name="Millis BPPP NASA 1998" />{{rp|1,3-4}} |
| 1327897852 | 2025-12-16T19:09:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ update archive for Ho-Kim |
| 1327895042 | 2025-12-16T18:47:19Z | LooksGreatInATurtleNeck | There was a Script warning on the page from a cite template, "Category:CS1 maint: date and year", fixed by removing the redundant year= field as date= was already set |
| 1327889775 | 2025-12-16T18:08:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +Myers note 2025-12-16 |
| 1327889468 | 2025-12-16T18:06:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ <ref name="Gilmore Barrett 2015" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1327889118 | 2025-12-16T18:04:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ <ref name="Gilmore Barrett 2015" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1327889057 | 2025-12-16T18:03:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ {{rp|2}} |
| 1327885639 | 2025-12-16T17:39:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ {{rp|1}} |
| 1327885514 | 2025-12-16T17:38:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1327885035 | 2025-12-16T17:34:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce |
| 1327884852 | 2025-12-16T17:32:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ {{rp|1}} |
| 1327884621 | 2025-12-16T17:30:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce |
| 1327884537 | 2025-12-16T17:30:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce |
| 1327883813 | 2025-12-16T17:23:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ {{rp|8}} |
| 1327883689 | 2025-12-16T17:22:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ {{rp|8}} |
| 1327882897 | 2025-12-16T17:15:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce {{rp|7}} |
| 1327882798 | 2025-12-16T17:15:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce order |
| 1327882098 | 2025-12-16T17:09:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce, cut |
| 1327880959 | 2025-12-16T17:00:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ MPDs operate through the Lorentz force generated by the interaction of discharge currents with self-induced or externally applied magnetic fields.<ref name="Myers NASA Electromagnetic Propulsion 1993" />{{rp|5}} |
| 1327879773 | 2025-12-16T16:51:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ {{rp|5}} |
| 1327879170 | 2025-12-16T16:46:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ {{rp|1,4}} |
| 1327862379 | 2025-12-16T14:33:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope, terminology, and programmatic efforts */ {{rp|1}} + ce |
| 1327861706 | 2025-12-16T14:27:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric/magnetic thrusters that still expel propellant */ ce |
| 1327776591 | 2025-12-16T02:04:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1327775887 | 2025-12-16T01:59:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope, terminology, and programmatic efforts */ ce |
| 1327775855 | 2025-12-16T01:59:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1327766127 | 2025-12-16T00:55:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce > Developed in the late 1960s, these thrusters initiate an arc discharge across a solid fluorinated polymer bar, ablating a small amount of propellant and accelerating it by the Lorentz body force.<ref name="Myers NASA Electromagnetic Propulsion 1993" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1327760248 | 2025-12-16T00:49:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce |
| 1327755609 | 2025-12-16T00:44:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ce |
| 1327697489 | 2025-12-15T19:23:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ RP |
| 1327697148 | 2025-12-15T19:21:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient-environment coupling */ ce |
| 1327696572 | 2025-12-15T19:17:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ tentative section merge |
| 1327694977 | 2025-12-15T19:06:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ fix date |
| 1327694710 | 2025-12-15T19:04:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier research */ However, attempts to obtain net thrust or a gravity coupling from static electromagnetic configurations (often framed as "electrogravitic" effects) have not produced reproducible anomalous forces in controlled tests.<ref name="Tajmar SciRep 2024 gravity-EM steady fields" />{{rp|2,15}}<ref name="Tajmar AIAA 2004 Biefeld-Brown corona wind" />{{rp|315,318}} |
| 1327692927 | 2025-12-15T18:55:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce actually now and trim section titles |
| 1327692671 | 2025-12-15T18:53:47Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ ce title (all these titles are almost certainly going to change later) |
| 1327692566 | 2025-12-15T18:53:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ ce |
| 1327692091 | 2025-12-15T18:49:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Tajmar AIAA 2004 Biefeld-Brown corona wind"> |
| 1327690659 | 2025-12-15T18:41:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +<ref name="Tajmar SciRep 2024 gravity-EM steady fields"> |
| 1327688901 | 2025-12-15T18:30:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ Vacuum-fluctuation phenomena such as the [[Casimir effect]] have been measured in many precision experiments and are reviewed extensively in the mainstream literature.<ref name="Klimchitskaya et al Casimir 2009" />{{rp|1827, 1829–1830}} |
| 1327688199 | 2025-12-15T18:25:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Klimchitskaya et al Casimir 2009"> |
| 1327683348 | 2025-12-15T17:56:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ ce, {{rp|216, 218–219}} |
| 1327674804 | 2025-12-15T17:02:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +Myrabo note 2025-12-15 |
| 1327674653 | 2025-12-15T17:01:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-momentum exchange systems */ ce |
| 1327673754 | 2025-12-15T16:55:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1327162718 | 2025-12-12T23:45:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1327162434 | 2025-12-12T23:43:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1327162254 | 2025-12-12T23:42:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce, {{rp|I-2}} |
| 1327161781 | 2025-12-12T23:39:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Scope and terminology in sources */ {{rp|26}} |
| 1327161553 | 2025-12-12T23:38:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1327159875 | 2025-12-12T23:26:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1327159113 | 2025-12-12T23:22:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce, {{rp|I-2}} |
| 1326992614 | 2025-12-12T01:04:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ dislike, change to this, will break up later. |
| 1326991931 | 2025-12-12T00:59:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce, RP's, need to likely break up this sentence later (I think this is the right way to multi-rp, but no idea for sure) |
| 1326976618 | 2025-12-11T23:18:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ {{rp|I-1}} |
| 1326975648 | 2025-12-11T23:12:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce + {{rp|iii,II-1}} |
| 1326932780 | 2025-12-11T18:50:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ {{rp|I-2}} |
| 1326917109 | 2025-12-11T17:23:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ [[metallic hydrogen]] |
| 1326916977 | 2025-12-11T17:22:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce, structure, more duplication built up from the long note collecting/sandboxing |
| 1326916425 | 2025-12-11T17:19:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce, {{rp|I-2}} |
| 1326901344 | 2025-12-11T15:26:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ {{rp|I-2,II-1}} & ce, + [[Speed of light|relativistic]] [[charged particle beams]] |
| 1326560916 | 2025-12-09T17:06:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ and on second thought eject this section |
| 1326560880 | 2025-12-09T17:06:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-accelerated mass systems */ move lightcraft image to here |
| 1326556722 | 2025-12-09T16:35:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ {{rp|III-4}} |
| 1326552573 | 2025-12-09T16:04:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ [[Photodesorption|photodesorbed]] |
| 1326383254 | 2025-12-08T17:55:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ {{rp|II-2}} |
| 1326378141 | 2025-12-08T17:20:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ {{rp|I-2,II-1,II-2}} |
| 1326373984 | 2025-12-08T16:54:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ {{rp|iii}} |
| 1325946018 | 2025-12-06T03:24:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion status (Myers, 1993) */ [[Pulsed plasma thrusters]] & [[Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster|Magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters]] |
| 1325945600 | 2025-12-06T03:20:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion status (Myers, 1993) */ [[Pulsed inductive thrusters]] |
| 1325945415 | 2025-12-06T03:19:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion status (Myers, 1993) */ ce |
| 1325945080 | 2025-12-06T03:16:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ {{rp|187}} |
| 1325878410 | 2025-12-05T18:53:40Z | Very Polite Person | Have to figure out why that one is flagging, when it's an entire different URL, just doi overlap...? |
| 1325878221 | 2025-12-05T18:51:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ + <ref name="Eissa Unconventional" />{{rp|60}} |
| 1325877403 | 2025-12-05T18:45:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ + <ref name="Dröscher Hauser" />{{rp|9}} |
| 1325872910 | 2025-12-05T18:12:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ -likely |
| 1325872869 | 2025-12-05T18:12:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ fix |
| 1325872841 | 2025-12-05T18:12:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1325868804 | 2025-12-05T17:46:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ fix |
| 1325868770 | 2025-12-05T17:45:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ update ref |
| 1325861646 | 2025-12-05T16:57:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ {{rp|218–219}} |
| 1325860841 | 2025-12-05T16:51:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ ce |
| 1325856352 | 2025-12-05T16:18:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ {{rp|216-219}} |
| 1325351592 | 2025-12-02T16:43:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ {{main|Magnetic sail}} |
| 1325351544 | 2025-12-02T16:42:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ {{main|Solar sail}} |
| 1325351191 | 2025-12-02T16:40:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce |
| 1325351010 | 2025-12-02T16:38:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ {{main|Electrodynamic tether}} |
| 1325350645 | 2025-12-02T16:35:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ ref name |
| 1325350560 | 2025-12-02T16:35:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ On second thought, I don't know if we need a breakout on every possible ancillary application of the underlying technology. Electrodynamic tethers can also generate electrical power at the expense of orbital energy.<ref name="CosmoLorenzini 1997" />{{rp|151}} |
| 1325343598 | 2025-12-02T15:40:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ <ref name="Cosmo Lorenzini SR 1997" />{{rp|137,146-147}} |
| 1325258125 | 2025-12-02T01:42:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* External links */ mothballing entire External Links section presently, will toss on Talk to save it. |
| 1325257249 | 2025-12-02T01:35:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ [[NASA Lewis Research Center]] [[Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets]] [[Bentham Science Publishers]] |
| 1325256472 | 2025-12-02T01:29:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ [[World Scientific]] |
| 1325231569 | 2025-12-01T22:45:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ + <ref name="Cosmo Lorenzini SR 1997"> and RPs |
| 1325185568 | 2025-12-01T17:16:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ Electrodynamic tethers exchange momentum with a planetary magnetosphere or ionosphere via Lorentz forces on a long current-carrying conductor, enabling drag or thrust without propellant in suitable environments (e.g., low Earth orbit).<ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" />{{rp|1}}<ref name="Cutler Carroll Tethers 1992" />{{rp|136-138}} |
| 1325179130 | 2025-12-01T16:28:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient plasma–wave coupling */ RP's for section |
| 1324480837 | 2025-11-27T20:58:09Z | AnomieBOT | [[User:AnomieBOT/docs/TemplateSubster|Substing templates]]: {{Format ISBN}}. See [[User:AnomieBOT/docs/TemplateSubster]] for info. |
| 1324479284 | 2025-11-27T20:49:16Z | Monkbot | [[User:Monkbot/task 21: Replace page(s) with article-number|Monkbot/task 21: Replace page(s) with article-number]]; |
| 1323859126 | 2025-11-24T04:03:16Z | OAbot | [[Wikipedia:OABOT|Open access bot]]: url-access=subscription updated in citation with #oabot. |
| 1323412253 | 2025-11-21T16:05:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ Zubrin note |
| 1323412193 | 2025-11-21T16:05:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ ce |
| 1323295327 | 2025-11-20T22:44:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ ce |
| 1323270033 | 2025-11-20T19:36:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ ce |
| 1323262644 | 2025-11-20T18:39:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ ce |
| 1323250345 | 2025-11-20T16:55:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ ce |
| 1323248375 | 2025-11-20T16:38:36Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1323248102 | 2025-11-20T16:36:23Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1323102910 | 2025-11-19T18:48:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1323101260 | 2025-11-19T18:38:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open and closed propulsion systems */ cut, merged into definition |
| 1323101195 | 2025-11-19T18:38:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce and refine Definition section, sequencing, combine the prior split off Open and closed propulsion systems section to here -- this may do with a further trim, on my to-do. |
| 1323098935 | 2025-11-19T18:21:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ ce |
| 1323091119 | 2025-11-19T17:17:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ {{rp|197}} |
| 1323006135 | 2025-11-19T02:55:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Programmatic efforts */ NIAC |
| 1322936673 | 2025-11-18T18:19:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ ce |
| 1322936188 | 2025-11-18T18:16:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric/magnetic thrusters that still expel propellant */ ce |
| 1322932712 | 2025-11-18T17:53:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +2 |
| 1322932595 | 2025-11-18T17:52:19Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ ce |
| 1322929737 | 2025-11-18T17:32:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ [[Ion-propelled aircraft]] |
| 1322926598 | 2025-11-18T17:15:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1322747009 | 2025-11-17T22:44:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ temp comment out unused for now refs |
| 1322741387 | 2025-11-17T22:07:42Z | Very Polite Person | this isn't needed as it's a side matter but related, and feels bolted on. the other link is sufficient. |
| 1322740288 | 2025-11-17T22:00:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1322737901 | 2025-11-17T21:46:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[LightSail#LightSail 2|LightSail 2]] |
| 1322737800 | 2025-11-17T21:45:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ By [[STS-75]] in 1996 and [[LightSail|LightSail 1]] and [[LightSail#LightSail 2]] between 2015 and 2019, functional field propulsion systems were active in [[outer space]]. |
| 1322737254 | 2025-11-17T21:42:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[Alfvén wave]] |
| 1322736696 | 2025-11-17T21:39:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1322736168 | 2025-11-17T21:36:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts]] (NIAC), [[Air Force Research Laboratory|Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory]], [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] links |
| 1322735110 | 2025-11-17T21:30:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ adjusting; I think this is pure [[WP:BLUE]] for the opening section sentence, but it would be easy to source if needed. |
| 1322733159 | 2025-11-17T21:18:38Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ rp |
| 1322703438 | 2025-11-17T18:04:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ rp |
| 1322224681 | 2025-11-15T01:40:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1322221702 | 2025-11-15T01:17:27Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1322221393 | 2025-11-15T01:14:53Z | Very Polite Person | ce move |
| 1322200770 | 2025-11-14T22:49:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1322156426 | 2025-11-14T17:02:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency]] |
| 1322156207 | 2025-11-14T17:00:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce, redundant/not needed in definition |
| 1322156053 | 2025-11-14T17:00:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ [[Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program]] |
| 1322155958 | 2025-11-14T16:59:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce, move wikilinks for next |
| 1321621619 | 2025-11-11T17:14:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1321620027 | 2025-11-11T17:05:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1321539174 | 2025-11-11T03:26:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce / sequence |
| 1321536702 | 2025-11-11T03:04:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient plasma–wave coupling */ ce, too much detail |
| 1321455880 | 2025-11-10T17:15:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ <ref name="Crisara aerospike 2023-06-30" /><ref name="Dvorksky rockets 2014-12-30" /> |
| 1321455790 | 2025-11-10T17:15:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +<ref name="Crisara aerospike 2023-06-30"> and <ref name="Dvorksky rockets 2014-12-30"> |
| 1321454746 | 2025-11-10T17:07:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ ce |
| 1321454204 | 2025-11-10T17:03:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ cut back level of detail |
| 1321453758 | 2025-11-10T17:00:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ ce (content covered already elsewhere, redundant) |
| 1321453185 | 2025-11-10T16:56:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open and closed propulsion systems */ ce |
| 1321453078 | 2025-11-10T16:55:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open and closed propulsion systems */ ce |
| 1321451766 | 2025-11-10T16:45:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1321450535 | 2025-11-10T16:36:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1321119928 | 2025-11-08T20:48:15Z | Anne drew | Format [[#See also|See also]] section per [[MOS:ALSO]] ([[User:Anne drew/FormatSeeAlso|FormatSeeAlso]]) |
| 1321012255 | 2025-11-08T02:46:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ ce |
| 1321011890 | 2025-11-08T02:44:35Z | Very Polite Person | Overdue slight reorg, then will be cutting down on my being verbose and finishing going back through page numbers |
| 1320951265 | 2025-11-07T18:55:16Z | Nyttend | /* Definition */ Avoid casual misuse of "myriad"; presumably they're not suggesting that anywhere near 10,000 laws are being violated |
| 1320877749 | 2025-11-07T08:13:08Z | Citation bot | Added pmid. | [[:en:WP:UCB|Use this bot]]. [[:en:WP:DBUG|Report bugs]]. | Suggested by Abductive | #UCB_toolbar |
| 1320836171 | 2025-11-07T02:06:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ ce |
| 1320836073 | 2025-11-07T02:05:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1320835891 | 2025-11-07T02:04:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1320835440 | 2025-11-07T02:01:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ ce |
| 1320833725 | 2025-11-07T01:48:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation Laws */ ce; the rest of this is not needed for the point of the section and is leftover spillage from prior drafts and original page (see [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion]] et al) |
| 1320829408 | 2025-11-07T01:12:24Z | Sebbog13 | Changing [[Wikipedia:Short description|short description]] from "Advanced spacecraft propulsion technologies and concepts" to "Spacecraft concepts and technologies" |
| 1320668805 | 2025-11-06T02:42:14Z | Citation bot | Add: bibcode, issue. | [[:en:WP:UCB|Use this bot]]. [[:en:WP:DBUG|Report bugs]]. | Suggested by Jay8g | #UCB_toolbar |
| 1319942558 | 2025-11-01T21:17:23Z | Ravenpuff | /* top */ rephrase opening sentence for clarity, and in light of [[WP:REFERS]] |
| 1319410610 | 2025-10-29T17:17:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ ce |
| 1319407779 | 2025-10-29T16:55:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ {{rp|187,193}} and {{rp|193–194}} |
| 1319405356 | 2025-10-29T16:35:52Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ ce |
| 1319403428 | 2025-10-29T16:21:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ ce |
| 1319401660 | 2025-10-29T16:07:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +<ref name="McInnes PhilTransA 2003"> |
| 1319066744 | 2025-10-27T16:31:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1319065500 | 2025-10-27T16:22:12Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1319064744 | 2025-10-27T16:16:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1319043595 | 2025-10-27T13:27:33Z | BentSm | /* Open versus closed systems */ Corrected "it's" to "its" |
| 1318856222 | 2025-10-26T12:16:38Z | Wham2001 | /* References */ Comment out unused LDR |
| 1318620038 | 2025-10-25T00:20:10Z | AnomieBOT | Fixing reference errors |
| 1318616947 | 2025-10-24T23:53:59Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318616811 | 2025-10-24T23:52:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318616630 | 2025-10-24T23:50:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318616435 | 2025-10-24T23:48:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318616303 | 2025-10-24T23:47:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318616187 | 2025-10-24T23:46:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318615805 | 2025-10-24T23:43:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318615786 | 2025-10-24T23:43:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1318431546 | 2025-10-23T20:37:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-accelerated mass systems */ pulling for now, need to go back through a discovered taxonomical mess across multiple PDFs |
| 1315348692 | 2025-10-06T04:32:02Z | OAbot | [[Wikipedia:OABOT|Open access bot]]: url-access=subscription updated in citation with #oabot. |
| 1314435562 | 2025-10-01T12:09:33Z | GreenC bot | Reformat 1 URL ([[en:User:GreenC/WaybackMedic_2.5|Wayback Medic 2.5]]) |
| 1314384860 | 2025-10-01T03:30:06Z | Very Polite Person | remove efn |
| 1314384697 | 2025-10-01T03:28:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce |
| 1314384633 | 2025-10-01T03:28:16Z | Very Polite Person | ==Notes== {{notelist}} (testing, may pull) |
| 1314384267 | 2025-10-01T03:25:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ {{rp|1–2, 11–12}} |
| 1314076396 | 2025-09-29T16:09:54Z | Aadirulez8 | Filled in 0 bare reference(s) with reFill 2 |
| 1314069327 | 2025-09-29T15:17:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient-environment coupling (Gilland & Williams, 2011) */ ce |
| 1314063994 | 2025-09-29T14:44:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Programmatic efforts */ {{rp|1–2}} |
| 1314063700 | 2025-09-29T14:42:15Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1314063465 | 2025-09-29T14:40:43Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ {{rp|1–2}} |
| 1314063153 | 2025-09-29T14:38:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1313886833 | 2025-09-28T16:51:25Z | Aadirulez8 | v2.05 - Autofix / Fix errors for [[WP:WCW|CW project]] (Link equal to linktext) |
| 1313176981 | 2025-09-24T18:54:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1313175244 | 2025-09-24T18:41:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ case |
| 1313175131 | 2025-09-24T18:41:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce |
| 1313173440 | 2025-09-24T18:27:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-accelerated mass systems */ ce |
| 1313173048 | 2025-09-24T18:24:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-accelerated mass systems */ ce |
| 1313172930 | 2025-09-24T18:23:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-accelerated mass systems */ ce |
| 1313164043 | 2025-09-24T17:18:13Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ ce |
| 1313162098 | 2025-09-24T17:03:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce |
| 1313159741 | 2025-09-24T16:47:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ {{rp|216–217}} |
| 1313151710 | 2025-09-24T15:47:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ {{rp|216–217}} |
| 1313151624 | 2025-09-24T15:46:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ move Kim to ref section |
| 1313151570 | 2025-09-24T15:46:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ ce |
| 1313151047 | 2025-09-24T15:43:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ ce |
| 1313150571 | 2025-09-24T15:39:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ {{rp|216-217}} |
| 1313150292 | 2025-09-24T15:37:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ {{rp|215-216}} |
| 1312979944 | 2025-09-23T17:18:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ as of 2011 |
| 1312975180 | 2025-09-23T16:43:41Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ These constraints contrast with classical chemical and conventional [[Spacecraft electric propulsion|electric rockets]], whose performance is governed primarily by onboard propellant and its energy, reflecting fundamental [[materials science|engineering]] limits on achievable [[Specific impulse|exhaust velocity]] and [[energy density]].<ref name="Sutton Rockets 2017" />{{rp|39–40}} |
| 1312974340 | 2025-09-23T16:37:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ <ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" />{{rp|7–10}} |
| 1312972157 | 2025-09-23T16:23:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ notably > including |
| 1312971900 | 2025-09-23T16:21:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ + <ref name="Nishiyama IEPC 2011" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1312971723 | 2025-09-23T16:20:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ + <ref name="Nishiyama IEPC 2011"> |
| 1312966641 | 2025-09-23T15:49:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ ECRs using [[electron cyclotron resonance]] with [[Surface-wave-sustained discharge|microwave discharge]] have flown in space, most notably as the μ10 [[ion engine]] system on JAXA's [[Hayabusa]] and [[Hayabusa2]] asteroid missions.<ref name="Kuninaka IEPC 2009" />{{rp|2}} |
| 1312966300 | 2025-09-23T15:47:10Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ [[Electrodeless plasma thruster|Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) thrusters]]: ECR thrusters use electron cyclotron resonance to [[ionize]] and accelerate ambient plasma, particularly in [[ionospheric]] or high-altitude environments. |
| 1312965602 | 2025-09-23T15:42:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ add <ref name="Kuninaka IEPC 2009"> |
| 1312963777 | 2025-09-23T15:30:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion */ These systems have been deployed and used in space on a number of [[space tether missions]], most notably the [[Space tether missions#TSS-1 mission|TSS-1]], [[Space tether missions#TSS-1R mission|TSS-1R]], and [[Space tether missions#PMG|Plasma Motor Generator]] (PMG) experiments. |
| 1312962417 | 2025-09-23T15:22:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ c/e, split long sentence, source each single use+rps |
| 1312959135 | 2025-09-23T14:58:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce Sutton |
| 1312958883 | 2025-09-23T14:57:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ <ref name="Sutton Rockets 2017" |page=5-6 /> |
| 1312958099 | 2025-09-23T14:52:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ce editing note, still going through backlog |
| 1312780552 | 2025-09-22T15:39:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* External links */ +1 |
| 1312779822 | 2025-09-22T15:34:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ swap [[NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts]] for [[Advanced Propulsion Physics Laboratory]] |
| 1312779210 | 2025-09-22T15:30:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ {{Related|Thermodynamics}} |
| 1312779010 | 2025-09-22T15:29:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ Concurrently, options related to [[non-rocket spacelaunch]] are also under research. |
| 1312688638 | 2025-09-22T02:40:07Z | Very Polite Person | temp hide this image to try layout tweaks |
| 1312688279 | 2025-09-22T02:37:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ + [[Non-rocket spacelaunch]] |
| 1312675460 | 2025-09-22T00:51:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ +image: Representation of [[Earth]] curving surrounding [[spacetime]] in [[general relativity]], illustrating how [[gravitational field]]s are treated as distortions of the underlying [[manifold|spacetime structure]]. Some proposed field propulsion concepts aim to couple with such structural changes. |
| 1312674457 | 2025-09-22T00:42:44Z | Very Polite Person | Rendering of the deployment of a [[solar sail]] for the [[Solar sail#Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (ACS3)|Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (ACS3)]], released by [[NASA]] in 2023. |
| 1312674309 | 2025-09-22T00:41:15Z | Very Polite Person | {{Spaceflight sidebar}} |
| 1312673755 | 2025-09-22T00:35:52Z | Very Polite Person | ce opening sentence: '''Field propulsion''' refers to [[spacecraft propulsion]] proposed and researched [[Theoretical spacecraft propulsion|concepts]] and [[Spacecraft design|production technologies]] in which [[thrust]] is generated by [[Coupling (physics)|coupling]] a vehicle to external [[field (physics)|fields]] or ambient [[interplanetary medium|media]] rather than by expelling onboard [[reaction mass|propellant]]. |
| 1312672110 | 2025-09-22T00:20:48Z | Very Polite Person | /* Technologies */ ce |
| 1312672072 | 2025-09-22T00:20:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1312671087 | 2025-09-22T00:14:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient plasma–wave coupling */ [[NASA Goddard Space Flight Center]] schematic of Earth's [[magnetosphere]] showing regions of naturally occurring [[plasma waves]] (including [[Whistler (radio)|chorus]], [[Magnetosonic wave|magnetosonic]], [[Ultra low frequency|ultra-low frequency]] waves, and [[Plasmasphere|plasmaspheric hiss]]). These ambient [[Plasma (physics)#Wave–particle interactions|wave–particle interactions]] are the type of environments that plasma–wave [[spacecraft propulsion]] ... |
| 1312667764 | 2025-09-21T23:48:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ ce |
| 1312667294 | 2025-09-21T23:44:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ [[beam-powered propulsion]] |
| 1312667135 | 2025-09-21T23:43:06Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ ce - Alcubierre metric, related to [[Alcubierre drive|Alcubierre drives]], by [[Harold G. White]], [[NASA]] [[Johnson Space Center]]. It depicts a "warp bubble", of [[Expansion of the universe#Dynamics of cosmic expansion|artificial expansion of spacetime]] behind and [[Scale factor (cosmology)#Detail|contraction in front]] of a theoretical spacecraft, to generate propulsion. |
| 1312665459 | 2025-09-21T23:29:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ {{Related|[[Advanced Propulsion Physics Laboratory]]}} |
| 1312665015 | 2025-09-21T23:24:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ + File:Alcubierre Metric, Nasa, Sonny White 2011-09-02.png; Alcubierre metric, related to [[Alcubierre drive|Alcubierre drives]], by [[Harold G. White]], [[NASA]] [[Johnson Space Center]]. |
| 1312663980 | 2025-09-21T23:15:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ ce |
| 1312663839 | 2025-09-21T23:14:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ to here |
| 1312663782 | 2025-09-21T23:13:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion status (Myers, 1993) */ to here |
| 1312663729 | 2025-09-21T23:13:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ to here |
| 1312663695 | 2025-09-21T23:12:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ to here |
| 1312663622 | 2025-09-21T23:12:12Z | Very Polite Person | moving images around |
| 1312663589 | 2025-09-21T23:11:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ [[Rocket engine#Principle of operation]] is probably best for "[[Rocket engine#Principle of operation|explosive flame and smoke]]" unless anyone is more clever |
| 1312662906 | 2025-09-21T23:05:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ c/e |
| 1312662794 | 2025-09-21T23:04:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce, split up that sentence that I missed was so long. |
| 1312619441 | 2025-09-21T18:13:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ + [[Emerging technologies]] |
| 1312335661 | 2025-09-20T02:36:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ (a reaction mass, or something to "push off" from) |
| 1312335390 | 2025-09-20T02:34:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ tighten this sentence, now it works. |
| 1312334908 | 2025-09-20T02:31:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce; few wikilinks |
| 1312319175 | 2025-09-20T00:16:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ ce |
| 1312318587 | 2025-09-20T00:11:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ could > may |
| 1312318492 | 2025-09-20T00:10:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ ce |
| 1312318086 | 2025-09-20T00:07:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ I do not need outros. |
| 1312314663 | 2025-09-19T23:36:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ <!-- hidden note by VPP / double checked Millis usage as of 2025-09-19 --> |
| 1312314190 | 2025-09-19T23:31:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ this one doesn't need a source; it's the aggregate of the entirety of the piece. |
| 1312314013 | 2025-09-19T23:29:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ {{rp|2}} |
| 1312313850 | 2025-09-19T23:27:22Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ {{rp|1}} |
| 1312313798 | 2025-09-19T23:26:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ {{rp|2}} |
| 1312313672 | 2025-09-19T23:25:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ {{rp|2}} |
| 1312271135 | 2025-09-19T18:04:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ c/e |
| 1312270696 | 2025-09-19T18:00:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ c/e |
| 1312270446 | 2025-09-19T17:59:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ c/e + context |
| 1312270143 | 2025-09-19T17:56:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ -extra bracket |
| 1312270091 | 2025-09-19T17:56:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ c/e + links |
| 1312269358 | 2025-09-19T17:51:15Z | Very Polite Person | c/e |
| 1312268915 | 2025-09-19T17:47:58Z | Very Polite Person | c/e |
| 1312265076 | 2025-09-19T17:18:31Z | Very Polite Person | +wikilinks +ce |
| 1312262597 | 2025-09-19T16:38:14Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ correct page numbers |
| 1312262225 | 2025-09-19T16:35:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce |
| 1312261801 | 2025-09-19T16:32:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ c/e |
| 1312260505 | 2025-09-19T16:22:57Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ c/e |
| 1312259416 | 2025-09-19T16:14:45Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ a-z sort ref list; leave note for source reviews I'll be doing for weeks & tracking that; notes can come out later |
| 1312258986 | 2025-09-19T16:11:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ c/e Forward slightly here |
| 1312258657 | 2025-09-19T16:09:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ c/e last Forward here for a smidge more fidelity, overall copyedit to tighten 1+ year of notes will take a bit |
| 1312228216 | 2025-09-19T12:27:37Z | Fabvill | Altered url. URLs might have been anonymized. | [[:en:WP:UCB|Use this tool]]. [[:en:WP:DBUG|Report bugs]]. | #UCB_Gadget |
| 1312156607 | 2025-09-19T00:27:54Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ +wikilinks. The broad definition of ''field propulsion'' refers to propulsion systems in which thrust arises from interactions with external [[Field (physics)|fields]] or ambient [[Interplanetary medium|media]], rather than from the sustained expulsion of onboard [[Working mass|reaction mass]] or reliance on solid [[Rocket propellant|chemical fuels]]. |
| 1312102929 | 2025-09-18T17:13:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ image |
| 1312102811 | 2025-09-18T17:12:11Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ image |
| 1312102513 | 2025-09-18T17:09:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Technologies */ shift up |
| 1312102457 | 2025-09-18T17:09:29Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-momentum exchange systems */ Alfvén wave |
| 1312102228 | 2025-09-18T17:07:58Z | Very Polite Person | move this image |
| 1312101921 | 2025-09-18T17:05:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Considerations */ pulling Considerations section for updated rework; too much of this is just rocketry and it's poorly written/legacy |
| 1312097116 | 2025-09-18T16:29:53Z | Very Polite Person | + move over v1 of "Technologies" section from [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion]] |
| 1312093649 | 2025-09-18T16:07:24Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ sourcing adjustments, another of many |
| 1312019481 | 2025-09-18T05:46:07Z | Cyfal | spelling ([[WP:Typo Team]]) |
| 1311994862 | 2025-09-18T02:24:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ He calculated that such a system might push a probe to Alpha Centauri in about four decades, bringing the timescale of an interstellar flyby to within a human lifetime.<ref name="Forward lightsails 1984" /> |
| 1311994235 | 2025-09-18T02:19:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ that was a bit much, change... Forward (1984) extended beamed-sail studies to the interstellar scale, suggesting that phased solar-system lasers could impart sustained acceleration to ultralight sails across astronomical distances.<ref name="Forward lightsails 1984" /> |
| 1311993807 | 2025-09-18T02:16:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ Forward (1984) extended beamed-sail studies into the interstellar regime, explicitly proposing that kilometer-scale optical elements and solar system–based phased-laser arrays could project sufficient power to accelerate thin-film sails to a significant fraction of light speed over multi-AU baseline distances.<ref name="Forward lightsails 1984" /> |
| 1311991565 | 2025-09-18T02:01:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ In Forward's proposal, a two-stage sail system in which a massive ring sail reflects laser light back onto a detached payload sail, enabling the unmanned spacecraft to rendezvous and brake within the Alpha Centauri system.<ref name="Forward lightsails 1984" /> |
| 1311989216 | 2025-09-18T01:41:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ more specific <ref name="Sutton Rockets 2017" |page=5-6 /> |
| 1311989009 | 2025-09-18T01:39:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ ce Forward |
| 1311986658 | 2025-09-18T01:22:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ Forward (1984) proposed that a solar-system-based laser and a 1000-km [[Fresnel lens]] could drive a 3.6-km lightsail probe to 0.11c, enabling a flyby of [[Alpha Centauri]] in ~40 years.<ref name="Forward lightsails 1984" /> |
| 1311986186 | 2025-09-18T01:18:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ ++ <ref name="Forward lightsails 1984"> |
| 1311985998 | 2025-09-18T01:16:55Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ ce, more precise I think |
| 1311985667 | 2025-09-18T01:14:09Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ update archive, old one seems to be broken now |
| 1311979880 | 2025-09-18T00:21:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ <ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" /> |
| 1311978551 | 2025-09-18T00:10:02Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ <ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" /> fits better here |
| 1311931227 | 2025-09-17T18:15:27Z | AnomieBOT | Dating maintenance tags: {{Cn}} |
| 1311928480 | 2025-09-17T17:55:16Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ ce, from leftovers in notes |
| 1311928180 | 2025-09-17T17:53:08Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ drag in more from notes, closer to caught up |
| 1311927429 | 2025-09-17T17:47:49Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ more from notes |
| 1311927376 | 2025-09-17T17:47:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ more from notes |
| 1311927323 | 2025-09-17T17:47:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ more from notes |
| 1311927276 | 2025-09-17T17:46:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Ambient plasma–wave coupling */ more from notes |
| 1311927235 | 2025-09-17T17:46:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electric/magnetic thrusters that still expel propellant */ more from notes |
| 1311927150 | 2025-09-17T17:45:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ more from notes |
| 1311927023 | 2025-09-17T17:45:04Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation and performance context */ more from notes |
| 1311925242 | 2025-09-17T17:32:39Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1311925139 | 2025-09-17T17:32:02Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1311924350 | 2025-09-17T17:27:00Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ce |
| 1311923954 | 2025-09-17T17:24:20Z | Very Polite Person | /* Programmatic efforts */ more from notes |
| 1311923827 | 2025-09-17T17:23:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* Magnetic and magnetospheric sails */ more from notes |
| 1311923763 | 2025-09-17T17:22:58Z | Very Polite Person | /* Solar sails */ more from notes |
| 1311923711 | 2025-09-17T17:22:35Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electrodynamic tethers */ +more from notes |
| 1311923607 | 2025-09-17T17:21:46Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ ++ |
| 1311923106 | 2025-09-17T17:18:21Z | Very Polite Person | /* Definition */ integrate more from [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion]] |
| 1311922055 | 2025-09-17T17:10:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* Physics-frontier framing (Millis 1998; Minami & Musha 2012) */ import from [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion]] |
| 1311921752 | 2025-09-17T17:08:50Z | Very Polite Person | /* Electromagnetic propulsion status (Myers, 1993) */ import from [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion]] |
| 1311921438 | 2025-09-17T17:06:39Z | Very Polite Person | /* Beamed-energy and field-interactive concepts (Myrabo, 1983) */ import from [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion]] |
| 1311917922 | 2025-09-17T16:49:18Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ ++ |
| 1311917474 | 2025-09-17T16:46:03Z | Very Polite Person | +images |
| 1311916181 | 2025-09-17T16:35:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ce, stupid Word. |
| 1311916120 | 2025-09-17T16:35:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ ++ |
| 1311915993 | 2025-09-17T16:34:05Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ ++ |
| 1311915815 | 2025-09-17T16:32:44Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation Laws */ |
| 1311915715 | 2025-09-17T16:31:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field-adjacent: beamed-energy propulsion */ ++ |
| 1311915649 | 2025-09-17T16:31:07Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ ++ |
| 1311915351 | 2025-09-17T16:28:56Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ +few sections |
| 1311914060 | 2025-09-17T16:19:25Z | Very Polite Person | /* Considerations */ {{cn}} |
| 1311913386 | 2025-09-17T16:13:51Z | Very Polite Person | /* External links */ categories and templates |
| 1311911528 | 2025-09-17T16:01:30Z | Very Polite Person | /* External links */ remove bizarre science fiction category |
| 1311911139 | 2025-09-17T15:59:11Z | Very Polite Person | source updates |
| 1311909850 | 2025-09-17T15:51:40Z | Very Polite Person | /* Open versus closed systems */ Building on this distinction between open and closed systems, conservation laws frame the boundary conditions for what types of propulsion are physically viable and which remain speculative or untenable. |
| 1311909676 | 2025-09-17T15:50:36Z | Very Polite Person | /* Conservation Laws */ section update |
| 1311908768 | 2025-09-17T15:45:12Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ Field-propulsion concepts are commonly grouped into (1) environment-coupled systems that exchange momentum with external reservoirs such as sails and tethers, (2) electrically driven devices that employ strong fields but still expel propellant, including pulsed plasma, magnetoplasmadynamic, and pulsed-inductive thrusters, and (3) speculative proposals that invoke a structured vacuum or spacetime geometry to achieve thrust without reaction mass.<ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" />< |
| 1311908528 | 2025-09-17T15:44:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ A NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts study in 2011 evaluated "ambient plasma wave propulsion," in which spacecraft generate Alfvén waves in surrounding plasma or magnetospheric fields to exchange momentum without expelling onboard propellant. The report noted such systems are technically immature but could enable new classes of exploration missions if developed.<ref name="Gilland NIAC Plasma 2011" /> |
| 1311908160 | 2025-09-17T15:42:27Z | Very Polite Person | /* History of research and programs */ A 1972 Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory (AFRPL) report and follow-up Jet Propulsion Laboratory studies in 1975 and 1982 grouped advanced propulsion into three classes: Thermal, Field, and Photon. The reports emphasized "infinite specific impulse" systems drawing energy or working fluid from the ambient environment, and suggested that new advances in lasers and superconductors could revitalize discarded concepts such as laser propulsion or ramjets.<ref |
| 1311907163 | 2025-09-17T15:36:26Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1311906987 | 2025-09-17T15:35:17Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ -duplicate header |
| 1311906835 | 2025-09-17T15:34:12Z | Very Polite Person | Resolve a {{cn}} from 2014 |
| 1311906287 | 2025-09-17T15:30:33Z | Very Polite Person | + [[Field propulsion#History of research and programs]] section from [[User:Very Polite Person/draft/Field propulsion]] notes |
| 1311905069 | 2025-09-17T15:23:30Z | Very Polite Person | ce |
| 1311903651 | 2025-09-17T15:14:56Z | Very Polite Person | add ==Open versus closed systems== section |
| 1311903113 | 2025-09-17T15:11:03Z | Very Polite Person | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ de-bold |
| 1311903053 | 2025-09-17T15:10:37Z | Very Polite Person | /* Types */ interim section tweak |
| 1311902908 | 2025-09-17T15:09:34Z | Very Polite Person | /* Speculative methods */ dump current model of this |
| 1311902454 | 2025-09-17T15:06:28Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ + a few quick refs |
| 1311893318 | 2025-09-17T14:07:38Z | UtherSRG | /* References */ condense |
| 1311885476 | 2025-09-17T13:05:42Z | Very Polite Person | fix references header |
| 1311824276 | 2025-09-17T03:17:16Z | Very Polite Person | Fixed {{more citations needed|date=December 2013}} after 12 years. More incoming next few days. |
| 1311824188 | 2025-09-17T03:16:37Z | Very Polite Person | Fixed {{more footnotes needed|date=December 2013}} after 12 years. |
| 1311824075 | 2025-09-17T03:15:46Z | Very Polite Person | Initial update; round 1. |
| 1311821876 | 2025-09-17T02:57:26Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ temporary comment out while starting some imports |
| 1311821811 | 2025-09-17T02:56:42Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ +sources |
| 1311821043 | 2025-09-17T02:49:31Z | Very Polite Person | /* References */ tweak setup for incoming expansion |
| 1302481765 | 2025-07-25T17:46:58Z | Patar knight | [[WP:SDLENGTH]] |
| 1296554263 | 2025-06-20T18:01:53Z | Pppery | /* See also */ ... |
| 1296540824 | 2025-06-20T16:08:02Z | Liz | Removing link(s) to "United States gravity control propulsion research": Removing links to deleted page United States gravity control propulsion research. |
| 1292063241 | 2025-05-25T00:39:30Z | OAbot | [[Wikipedia:OABOT|Open access bot]]: url-access updated in citation with #oabot. |
| 1290403270 | 2025-05-14T16:10:01Z | Very Polite Person | /* See also */ make format standard, working on a draft of this article/rewrite -- see [[User:Very Polite Person/sandbox]] |
| 1280592261 | 2025-03-15T12:15:11Z | UtherSRG | /* See also */ not related |
| 1280124324 | 2025-03-12T17:11:15Z | Primohare | |
| 1245794626 | 2024-09-15T04:13:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* External links */ just editing this link so it has the pages title instead of a vague number from auto-generation? This article is a mess. Sourcing galore just glancing at Google scholar alone, going back decades. |
| 1245794484 | 2024-09-15T04:11:53Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ A>a |
| 1245794226 | 2024-09-15T04:09:30Z | Mrfoogles | /* Practical methods */ |
| 1245794067 | 2024-09-15T04:07:33Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ case + spacing |
| 1241794728 | 2024-08-23T05:13:58Z | Citation bot | Add: bibcode, authors 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | [[:en:WP:UCB|Use this bot]]. [[:en:WP:DBUG|Report bugs]]. | Suggested by Whoop whoop pull up | [[Category:Hypothetical technology]] | #UCB_Category 44/65 |
| 1234438243 | 2024-07-14T10:34:21Z | Onel5969 | more appropriate in see also, not a similar title |
| 1234155442 | 2024-07-12T21:32:03Z | Lighthumormonger | /* top */ added disambig link |
| 1218332484 | 2024-04-11T02:44:45Z | InternetArchiveBot | Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 |
| 1200965885 | 2024-01-30T16:50:12Z | Very Polite Person | "reactionless or propellantless drive" -> link to [[Reactionless drive]] |
| 1200644106 | 2024-01-29T23:43:32Z | Very Polite Person | /* Practical methods */ +Lorentz transformation |
| 1200643241 | 2024-01-29T23:41:04Z | Very Polite Person | Link gravitational and magnetic fields, and changing this opening as it's been unsourced for sometime. Calling them proposed is sufficient, as that is all they are, similar to any number of other not-yet achieved but suggested or theorized technologies. |
| 1194029135 | 2024-01-06T21:21:29Z | Dmcdysan | /*Practical methods*/Added citation for magnetic sail propellantless Magsail design. |
| 1191599429 | 2023-12-24T14:14:06Z | BD2412 | clean up spacing around commas and other punctuation fixes, replaced: ,.<ref> → .<ref> |
| 1182119708 | 2023-10-27T07:20:32Z | Citation bot | Alter: pages. Add: issue, series, journal, osti, bibcode, pages. Formatted [[WP:ENDASH|dashes]]. | [[:en:WP:UCB|Use this bot]]. [[:en:WP:DBUG|Report bugs]]. | Suggested by Whoop whoop pull up | #UCB_webform 280/1619 |
| 1175765603 | 2023-09-17T08:20:30Z | LeoL123 | |
| 1168951405 | 2023-08-06T03:29:24Z | Panamitsu | casimir effect |
| 1168948467 | 2023-08-06T02:59:12Z | Panamitsu | add propellantless drive name |
| 1149561787 | 2023-04-13T00:42:58Z | CaptainAngus | /* Advantages */ Updates in accordance with [[MOS:GNL]] |
| 1147006325 | 2023-03-28T08:20:22Z | Qev | /* Speculative methods */ Removed "quantum fluctuation vector filtering" as original research without citation or apparent existence. |
| 1139820787 | 2023-02-17T02:10:00Z | Prolongedscream | cap [if (capitalization is not used for emphasis), vector/space sail/quantum fluctuations (not proper nouns)], or [cannot find any results for this method besides a plagiarized section in a 2022 e-book], lks ["vacuum" (quantum) fluctuations, vector, quantum gravity] + [comma after "however"] |
| 1124902691 | 2022-12-01T03:27:35Z | SpaceHist65 | corrected linkrot (citations #1, #3) |
| 1123126773 | 2022-11-22T00:40:39Z | InternetArchiveBot | Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.2 |
| 1084252868 | 2022-04-23T12:27:00Z | Skullcinema | cite patent fix |
| 1081175569 | 2022-04-05T19:14:23Z | Kehkou | |
| 1081175438 | 2022-04-05T19:13:20Z | Kehkou | |
| 1076642678 | 2022-03-12T05:35:45Z | BrownHairedGirl | tag with {{[[Template:Bare URL PDF|Bare URL PDF]]}} |
| 1069170295 | 2022-01-31T23:40:15Z | 2001:579:6284:560:93D:5D1A:D9F2:F3BC | Under 'Speculative Methods', Added 'Quantum Fluctuation Vector Filtering'. Analogous to a solar sail, but relying upon an electrically-powered, engineered nanomaterial to filter a vector of omni-vector vacuum fluctuations. |
| 1057856588 | 2021-11-30T02:10:44Z | Citation bot | Alter: url. URLs might have been anonymized. | [[WP:UCB|Use this bot]]. [[WP:DBUG|Report bugs]]. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | #UCB_webform 646/1113 |
| 1024266280 | 2021-05-21T03:16:30Z | 2001:1970:5D1C:4E00:1988:1165:D7CD:53AE | /* External links */ |
| 1015484375 | 2021-04-01T19:06:18Z | Weanlitar | Adding [[Wikipedia:Short description|short description]]: "Spacecraft propulsion" ([[Wikipedia:Shortdesc helper|Shortdesc helper]]) |
| 1009480867 | 2021-02-28T20:34:18Z | XOR'easter | /* Speculative methods */ commented text is just clutter |
| 1009480792 | 2021-02-28T20:33:46Z | XOR'easter | /* Speculative methods */ claim about an idea being within the realm of plausibility requires a source |
| 1000274146 | 2021-01-14T12:35:00Z | Yobot | FIx REFPUNCT + other minor fixes |
| 955942658 | 2020-05-10T17:13:50Z | Grufo | /* Limits */ |
| 955868736 | 2020-05-10T07:41:55Z | Grufo | /* Limits */ Theoretical limits -> Limits |
| 955868475 | 2020-05-10T07:38:58Z | Grufo | /* Theoretical limits */ Created paragraph |
| 955563864 | 2020-05-08T14:19:05Z | Evinshteyn | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ Fixed grammar |
| 953930606 | 2020-04-29T20:05:28Z | Citation bot | Alter: url. Add: date. | You can [[WP:UCB|use this bot]] yourself. [[WP:DBUG|Report bugs here]]. | Activated by Amigao | [[Category:Hypothetical technology]] | via #UCB_Category |
| 919841432 | 2019-10-06T04:21:52Z | 2804:14C:5BC0:A6F0:19A6:DB1D:63C1:E4E1 | /* Conservation Laws */ Noether |
| 904129872 | 2019-06-30T05:02:19Z | Snori | comma |
| 899103806 | 2019-05-27T22:02:07Z | Sj | only real examples |
| 899008061 | 2019-05-27T08:46:26Z | Jaxcab | /* Practical methods */ |
| 899007917 | 2019-05-27T08:44:42Z | Jaxcab | /* Practical methods */ Removed unsourced pseudo scientific rubbish |
| 876108153 | 2018-12-31T05:46:08Z | Deacon Vorbis | standard TOC |
| 837171204 | 2018-04-19T04:38:06Z | Dawnseeker2000 | refine ref details using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] |
| 809310779 | 2017-11-08T10:17:15Z | InternetArchiveBot | Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.6) ([[User:Balon Greyjoy|Balon Greyjoy]]) |
| 798136086 | 2017-08-31T05:58:11Z | KolbertBot | Bot: [[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/KolbertBot|HTTP→HTTPS]] |
| 791922770 | 2017-07-23T09:17:19Z | 77.43.27.64 | /* External links */ |
| 791922743 | 2017-07-23T09:16:56Z | 77.43.27.64 | /* External links */ |
| 790702888 | 2017-07-15T14:42:41Z | 82.34.92.18 | comma to clarify |
| 789505875 | 2017-07-07T19:23:24Z | Bender the Bot | /* External links */HTTP→HTTPS for [[List of NASA websites|NASA Technical Reports Server]], per [[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/Bender the Bot 8|BRFA 8]] using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] |
| 784572551 | 2017-06-09T01:09:38Z | Magic links bot | Replace [[Help:Magic links|magic links]] with templates per [[Special:Permalink/772743896#Future of magic links|local RfC]] and [[:mw:Requests for comment/Future of magic links|MediaWiki RfC]] |
| 770810124 | 2017-03-17T18:39:57Z | Jac16888 | rm sig |
| 770549658 | 2017-03-16T02:46:52Z | Astrojed | Conservation Laws |
| 758344989 | 2017-01-04T21:49:04Z | AnomieBOT | Dating maintenance tags: {{Or}} |
| 758341857 | 2017-01-04T21:28:21Z | Kortoso | That should do it. |
| 758341685 | 2017-01-04T21:27:23Z | Kortoso | This has nothing to do with gravity assist. |
| 758341482 | 2017-01-04T21:26:09Z | Kortoso | Need to see examples in which this has been used as actual space propulsion. |
| 758341293 | 2017-01-04T21:24:57Z | Kortoso | /* Practical methods */ Smelling woo... |
| 755969981 | 2016-12-21T05:48:54Z | Jmcgnh | Remove uncited entry from /* References */ |
| 755969562 | 2016-12-21T05:44:14Z | Jmcgnh | /* See also */ columnize, alpha-sort, reduct overlink, and add [[Bussard ramjet]]; + fix link to [[ion propulsion]] |
| 752304520 | 2016-11-30T15:09:01Z | Yobot | /* External links */[[WP:CHECKWIKI]] error fixes using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] |
| 748961080 | 2016-11-11T13:00:07Z | 122.174.179.161 | /* See also */ |
| 747861007 | 2016-11-04T20:25:43Z | 2001:56A:F786:9700:2997:2589:CD39:4BB4 | /* Advantages */ |
| 745541281 | 2016-10-21T18:54:32Z | 2001:56A:F786:9700:3049:4B0:9F84:B51D | /* References */ |
| 745540956 | 2016-10-21T18:51:54Z | 2001:56A:F786:9700:3049:4B0:9F84:B51D | /* References */ |
| 745540751 | 2016-10-21T18:50:17Z | 2001:56A:F786:9700:3049:4B0:9F84:B51D | |
| 745540662 | 2016-10-21T18:49:37Z | 2001:56A:F786:9700:3049:4B0:9F84:B51D | /* References */ |
| 745540435 | 2016-10-21T18:48:01Z | 2001:56A:F786:9700:3049:4B0:9F84:B51D | |
| 723394158 | 2016-06-02T20:03:10Z | Kaobear | clean up, [[WP:AWB/T|typo(s) fixed]]: a elastic → an elastic (2) using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] |
| 713855242 | 2016-04-06T05:32:43Z | BG19bot | v1.38b - [[WP:WCW]] project (Link equal to linktext) |
| 713694251 | 2016-04-05T12:47:09Z | Hdeasy | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ |
| 711474597 | 2016-03-23T02:42:16Z | Sbmehta | capitalization |
| 707251944 | 2016-02-27T19:33:33Z | Myasuda | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ sp |
| 703988387 | 2016-02-08T21:24:53Z | 107.107.62.31 | /* Advantages */Comma needed |
| 703987993 | 2016-02-08T21:22:23Z | 107.107.62.31 | /* Speculative methods */Fixed comma fault |
| 700993459 | 2016-01-21T21:10:56Z | 83.202.54.236 | /* Practical methods */ just a little typo |
| 696290885 | 2015-12-22T04:53:10Z | 24.42.191.195 | /* Speculative methods */Clarified |
| 694430194 | 2015-12-09T05:33:38Z | 2001:56A:F786:9700:9090:4222:5CB4:5C6F | /* See also */ |
| 679469352 | 2015-09-04T18:46:07Z | 206.75.177.193 | /* External links */ |
| 665376209 | 2015-06-03T20:42:45Z | Bibcode Bot | Adding 0 [[arXiv|arxiv eprint(s)]], 1 [[bibcode|bibcode(s)]] and 0 [[digital object identifier|doi(s)]]. Did it miss something? Report bugs, errors, and suggestions at [[User talk:Bibcode Bot]] |
| 660373684 | 2015-05-02T05:20:11Z | 189.167.67.14 | /* Practical methods */ |
| 653916261 | 2015-03-28T17:36:11Z | Rjwilmsi | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */Journal cites, Added 1 doi to a journal cite using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] (10870) |
| 653192899 | 2015-03-23T18:45:05Z | 14.202.186.226 | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ |
| 649900121 | 2015-03-04T22:06:36Z | Tøpholm | /* Practical methods */ |
| 649899995 | 2015-03-04T22:05:28Z | Tøpholm | /* Practical methods */ small cleanup for understandability |
| 649899393 | 2015-03-04T22:00:54Z | Tøpholm | /* Types */ Link correction. |
| 648861129 | 2015-02-25T23:38:16Z | Niceguyedc | [[:en:WP:CLEANER|WPCleaner]] v1.34 - Repaired 2 links to disambiguation pages - [[WP:DPL|(You can help)]] - [[Interplanetary]], [[Interstellar]] |
| 642409226 | 2015-01-14T04:59:18Z | 71.235.89.16 | /* Field propulsion based on physical structure of space */ might as well fix a grammatical error. |
| 642408900 | 2015-01-14T04:55:34Z | 2601:6:5500:67A:6CA2:9CD8:E873:EDD0 | /* Speculative methods */ Previous wording implicitly assumes conservation of energy and momentum. I have reworded it to explicitly state that we are assuming conservation (which I feel is more appropriate since the subsection is on speculative methods). |
| 640074728 | 2014-12-29T10:48:41Z | Stamptrader | corrected CS1 errors |
| 638658521 | 2014-12-18T16:33:57Z | Winkert.e | |
| 623510128 | 2014-08-31T00:00:52Z | Niceguyedc | [[:en:WP:CLEANER|WPCleaner]] v1.33 - Repaired 1 link to disambiguation page - [[WP:DPL|(You can help)]] - [[MHD]] |
| 623410878 | 2014-08-30T06:13:52Z | Yobot | [[WP:CHECKWIKI]] error fixes using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] (10432) |
| 623259006 | 2014-08-29T02:39:46Z | Locksmith1865 | Minor spacing changes |
| 623258715 | 2014-08-29T02:36:29Z | 75.159.34.98 | /* Practical methods */ |
| 623258517 | 2014-08-29T02:34:23Z | 75.159.34.98 | /* Practical methods */ |
| 623258266 | 2014-08-29T02:31:53Z | 75.159.34.98 | /* Practical methods */ |
| 623258187 | 2014-08-29T02:30:56Z | 75.159.34.98 | /* Practical methods */ |
| 623257722 | 2014-08-29T02:25:38Z | 75.159.34.98 | /* Speculative methods */ |
| 622979092 | 2014-08-27T04:46:27Z | 75.159.34.98 | /* Practical methods */ |
| 614757473 | 2014-06-28T13:42:54Z | SamuelRiv | some fixes and commenting out multiple uncited dubious paragraphs |
| 590276557 | 2014-01-11T21:53:33Z | FrescoBot | Bot: [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout#Standard appendices and footers|standard sections headers]] and minor changes |
| 590149879 | 2014-01-10T23:54:03Z | Aldebaran66 | /* Practical methods */ cp |
| 589475971 | 2014-01-06T18:38:43Z | Aldebaran66 | /* See also */ Rm link to a specific case and added link to the general article |
| 589475241 | 2014-01-06T18:32:54Z | Aldebaran66 | /* Practical methods */ clarify |
| 589474268 | 2014-01-06T18:25:49Z | Aldebaran66 | /* See also */ RM link, specifically described in the article. |
| 589473942 | 2014-01-06T18:23:38Z | Aldebaran66 | /* Speculative methods */ Added "citation needed" tags |
| 589473072 | 2014-01-06T18:17:28Z | Aldebaran66 | /* Types */ Added sections |
| 589471797 | 2014-01-06T18:07:47Z | Aldebaran66 | /* Types */ ce |
| 589470312 | 2014-01-06T17:56:30Z | Aldebaran66 | I tried to organize this article a little. RM bare url and no lead tags, these have been fixed - but there is more to do... |
| 589429304 | 2014-01-06T11:19:02Z | Skr15081997 | Filling in 2 references using [[WP:REFLINKS|Reflinks]] |
| 586989880 | 2013-12-20T18:45:00Z | Aldebaran66 | Added {{lead missing}}, {{linkrot}}, {{more footnotes}} and {{ref improve}} tags (within {{multiple issues}}) to article ([[WP:TW|TW]]) |
| 586987780 | 2013-12-20T18:30:44Z | Aldebaran66 | /* References */ Moved non-specific references to External Links section. |
| 586875079 | 2013-12-20T01:01:20Z | ChrisGualtieri | Remove stub template(s). Page is start class or higher. Also check for and do General Fixes + Checkwiki fixes using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] |
| 567819820 | 2013-08-09T13:58:47Z | 62.156.180.251 | correct grammos |
| 555476941 | 2013-05-17T07:14:49Z | Gravitophoton | refs |
| 553129447 | 2013-05-02T01:17:57Z | Aldebaran66 | /* See also */ Added link to Eugene Podkletnov |
| 553126396 | 2013-05-02T00:49:06Z | Scie8 | increased hydrodynamic possibilities to Standard Model and Gravinertial fields |
| 553122101 | 2013-05-02T00:04:32Z | Aldebaran66 | /* See also */ Added Reactionless drive link |
| 553121011 | 2013-05-01T23:53:12Z | Aldebaran66 | Added space stub banner |
| 553120232 | 2013-05-01T23:45:42Z | Aldebaran66 | added [[Category:Hypothetical technology]] using [[WP:HC|HotCat]] |
| 553093575 | 2013-05-01T20:18:30Z | Scie8 | /* See also */ |
| 550125427 | 2013-04-13T08:45:24Z | Gravitophoton | added c also |
| 536493246 | 2013-02-04T10:06:41Z | Jesse V. | /* References */[[WP:AWB/UM#General|tags]] and [[WP:GENFIXES|general fixes]], removed stub tag using [[Project:AWB|AWB]] (8853) |
| 491311667 | 2012-05-08T04:04:32Z | Helpful Pixie Bot | ISBNs (Build KE) |
| 490223788 | 2012-05-02T01:12:25Z | Mattman00000 | removed superfluous abbreviation |
| 490223551 | 2012-05-02T01:10:49Z | Mattman00000 | grammar corrections |
| 488901631 | 2012-04-23T23:35:22Z | 109.255.179.219 | |
| 447183457 | 2011-08-28T19:25:45Z | Wasbeer | |
| 446803281 | 2011-08-26T10:50:40Z | 126.13.31.82 | |
| 446471930 | 2011-08-24T11:23:13Z | 126.13.31.82 | |
| 446471819 | 2011-08-24T11:22:07Z | 126.13.31.82 | |
| 446307716 | 2011-08-23T12:20:04Z | 126.13.31.82 | |
| 446307626 | 2011-08-23T12:19:04Z | 126.13.31.82 | |
| 446306290 | 2011-08-23T12:05:50Z | 126.13.31.82 | |
| 445641407 | 2011-08-19T09:26:18Z | Patrick | |
| 445641250 | 2011-08-19T09:24:32Z | Patrick | |
| 434007872 | 2011-06-13T05:50:22Z | 96.233.22.171 | Improve balance between justified skepticism and scientifically-based optimism about human ingenuity. |
| 409253496 | 2011-01-21T23:10:34Z | CmdrObot | Compact Amazon URL |
| 375822474 | 2010-07-27T23:37:31Z | Vanished user 3.1415926535897932384626433 | Sp |
| 375410507 | 2010-07-25T18:40:53Z | 75.158.22.3 | |
| 375410361 | 2010-07-25T18:39:50Z | 75.158.22.3 | |
| 375410261 | 2010-07-25T18:39:08Z | 75.158.22.3 | |
| 375410114 | 2010-07-25T18:38:13Z | 75.158.22.3 | |
| 375409845 | 2010-07-25T18:36:35Z | 75.158.22.3 | |
| 375407924 | 2010-07-25T18:24:59Z | 75.158.22.3 | /* References */ |
| 355946812 | 2010-04-14T11:20:58Z | R'n'B | Fix [[WP:DPL|links]] to [[WP:D|disambiguation]] page [[Warp drive]] |
| 341020827 | 2010-01-31T03:13:26Z | Stoinform | Add a reference |
| 323798726 | 2009-11-04T00:16:19Z | Grutness | nothing paranormal about this at all! restubbed |
| 297857646 | 2009-06-22T05:18:20Z | 75.159.11.25 | |
| 292535478 | 2009-05-26T22:00:30Z | RussBot | Robot: fix [[WP:DPL|links]] to [[WP:D|disambiguation]] page [[Electromagnetic]] |
| 284735041 | 2009-04-19T02:43:30Z | Ldussan | |
| 263856706 | 2009-01-13T18:37:37Z | Neurolysis | [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Field propulsion]] closed as keep |
| 263403202 | 2009-01-11T17:02:09Z | ජපස | Nominated for deletion; see [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Field propulsion]]. ([[WP:TW|TW]]) |
| 246280108 | 2008-10-19T13:08:10Z | Meco | unreferenced |
| 211235441 | 2008-05-09T11:28:08Z | CultureDrone | slight text change |
| 211235315 | 2008-05-09T11:27:10Z | CultureDrone | added categories |
| 210343521 | 2008-05-05T15:35:37Z | Addbot | Tagging, added [[:Category:Category needed|uncategorised]] tag |
| 210098665 | 2008-05-04T13:14:17Z | 69.128.158.159 | /* Field propulsion schemes outside present physics paradigms */ |
| 210098624 | 2008-05-04T13:13:57Z | 69.128.158.159 | /* Field propulsion schemes within present physics paradigms */ |
| 210098591 | 2008-05-04T13:13:37Z | 69.128.158.159 | /* Field propulsion schemes within present physics paradigms */ |
| 209913706 | 2008-05-03T15:08:33Z | Deepthought137 | [[WP:AES|←]]Created page with '== Field propulsion == Field propulsion is the concept of [[spacecraft propulsion]] where no propellant is necessary but instead momentum of the spacecraft is chang...' |
