Ethiopian Council of State
The Council of State (Amharic: የመንግስት ምክር ቤት) was a body of state power in the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1991.
Unlike Eastern Bloc nations where the Council of State serves as the collective head of state, the Ethiopian counterpart served and operated similarly to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, being an organ of the Ethiopian National Shengo.[1] As such, it is part of the legislative branch.[2]
The president (Mengistu Haile Mariam during the PDRE's existence) was the ex officio chairman of the Council of State, and other members included the following:[3]
- Vice President of Ethiopia (Vice Chairman)
- Secretary
- Members of the Supreme Court
- Chairman of the National Workers Control Committee
- Auditor General
- Minister of Justice
While the Politburo of the Workers' Party of Ethiopia was the leading force of state policy, the Council was the center of executive power in Ethiopia.
Powers
Its powers are defined by the 1987 Constitution of Ethiopia. Overseeing the Shengo, it exercised the duties of the national legislature when the Shengo was not in session most of the year. It also oversaw the defense council and was often assigned special duties by the National Shengo. The specific constitutional provision states, "When compelling circumstances warrant it, the Council of State may, between sessions of the National Shengo, proclaim a state of emergency, war, martial law, mobilization or peace."[4][5] In initiating legislation, the council issued decrees (special decrees when the Shengo was not in session) in lieu of law. If such decrees did not receive the consent of the Shengo at its next session, they were considered revoked.[6][7]
See also
References
- ↑ "Ethiopia (Country profile)".
- ↑ Tekle, Amare (1988). "The New Constitution of Ethiopia". Journal of African Studies (Ucla). 15 (3–4): 80–93.
- ↑ Ethiopia (1987). "The Constitution of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia".
- ↑ "Ethiopia - Council of State".
- ↑ "Ethiopia Council of State - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System".
- ↑ https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA00220914_114
- ↑ "Text of the 1987 Constitution" (PDF).
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