Euscaldún
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Euscaldún, euscalduna, euskaldún or euskalduna is a word that in Basque means "Basque speaker". The Real Academia Española (Royal Spanish Academy) permits this as a synonym in Spanish for the word "vasco" (Basque).[1]
Etymologically this is a joining of the word euskara ("Basque language") with the suffix -dun ("the one who has"). Therefore, one who possesses the Basque language is a Basque speaker, whatever their origin. In the French Basque Country and in Navarre the variant eskualdun is also used (in the dialect of these regions, the word eskuara is used to refer to the language). In the regions of Soule (Zuberoa), the term üskualdün is used only for speakers of the Souletin dialect, meanwhile for other Basque speakers the word manex is used.
In the wider sense, the term euskaldun has also been used in Basque to refer to people who are Basque, regardless of if they know and use the Basque language habitually or not. In this case the more precise term would be euskal herritar ("Basque citizen"): today, the word euskaldun is used less and less to refer to a Basque who does not speak the language.
On the other hand, in Basque there exists the form erdaldun (also erdeldun, in Western parts of the Basque speaking region), that makes reference to a speaker of a language other than Basque (erdara in Standard Basque, erdera in western and central dialects), normally Spanish or French. Whatever the non Basque language is, it is called erdara in Basque, this could etymologically equate to "coming language" (from erdu, "to come", and -era, "manner") or perhaps "quasi-language", (de erdi, almost, half" y -era, "manner").[2] The speaker of erdara would be an erdaldun. The use of the form erdara or erdera is currently very common and does not have any despective connotation that the Roman Barbarian would have.
References[edit]
- ↑ Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish). Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española.
euskaldún
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- ↑ Sarrionandia, Joseba (2012). "Notas y otros propósitos". ¿Somos como moros en la niebla?. Pamplona: Pamiela. p. 969. ISBN 978-84-7681-750-6. Search this book on
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