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Expanded Program on Immunization in Pakistan

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On March 26, 2014, Pakistan FELTP residents Dr. Ayaz Chohan and Dr. Khushal Khan Kasi check an infant in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan for the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination scar to verify that the child has been immunized against tuberculosis.

Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) was launched in Pakistan in 1978.In the beginning, this program was specifically started for childhood tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and measles.With the passage of time several new vaccines were added.[1]

Vaccine Preventable Diseases included in EPI[edit]

Currently 12 diseases are covered in EPI program including childhood tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles, diarrhea, pneumonia, hepatitis B, meningitis, typhoid, and rubella.[2]

Progress of EPI Pakistan[edit]

There has been increase in vaccine coverage with BCG vaccine coverage increasing from 62% in 1997 to 95% in 2022.[3] Similarly coverage for DTP1 increased from 69% in 2000[4] to 93% in 2022.[3] The same trend was also observed for DTP3 with an increase of about 20% but still it stands low at 85% coverage (2022) in comparison. This means that about 8% of children who are vaccinated for DTP1 do not get vaccinated for DTP3. Similar trends have also been observed for POL3, and HepB3.[3]

EPI Schedule[edit]

Routine Immunization Schedule[5]
When Age Vaccines
At Birth At Birth BCG

OPV-0

Hep-B

2nd visit 6 weeks OPV-I

Pneumococcal-I

Pentavalent-I

Rotavirus-I

3rd visit 10 weeks OPV-II

Pneumococcal-II

Pentavalent-II

Rotavirus-II

4th visit 14 weeks OPV-III

Pneumococcal-III

Pentavalent-III

IPV-I

5th visit 9 months IPV-II

MR-I

Typhoid

6th visit 15 months MR-II

See Also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Waheed, Mr Shahzad. "Expanded Programme on Immunization". World Health Organization - Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  2. "Vaccine Preventable Diseases – Federal Directorate of Immunization, Pakistan". Retrieved 2023-09-17.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Pakistan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2022 revision" (PDF). World Health Organization Immunization Pakistan.
  4. atzatzev (2023-07-17). "Immunization regional snapshots". UNICEF DATA. Retrieved 2023-09-16.
  5. "Immunization Schedule – Federal Directorate of Immunization, Pakistan". Retrieved 2023-09-16.


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