Field evolving cavity
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Field evolving cavity (FEC) is an optical cavity that evolves the wavefront of the light thus compressing an optical distance into a small space. A FEC facilitates time-of-flight (ToF) imaging[1][2] by folding the optical path of the light within the space inside the cavity, similar to a Fabry-Perot interferometer[3][4]. A FEC is non-resonant and, therefore, it has to precisely control the number of roundtrips traveled by the light trapped inside using a gating mechanism such as polarization, wavelength, angle, or ToF. A FEC can precisely mimic the wavefront of the light as if the light source has been placed much further from the aperture of the cavity.
A FEC often comprises entrance and exit facets or gates, which can control the number of roundtrips of the light by using a rotating or incrementally toggling, shifting, or rotating the polarization[5]. This mechanism can enable modulating the depth of each frame of the display electronically, or changing the focus length or zoom of a camera lens[6]. A FEC, together with lightfield engineering, enable creating large field-of-view (FoV) immersive virtual or displays with optical depth[7].
There are a large variety of FECs, such as ring FECs, stationary FECs, translational FECs, and modular FECs. Some examples of applications of FECs are in light-field displays[8] with monocular depth[9][10], multi-focal displays, amending accommodation-vergence challenges[11][12] in head mounted displays[13], field-evolving light-guides for augmented reality glasses, wavefront sensing apparatuses, and scientific imaging devices[14]
Light-field displays allow for large FoV, small footprint, immersive 3D displays without the need to wear any specialized gear. This immersive compact 3D display can be used for applications involving long, continuous use of graphical resources[15], such as gaming, medical imaging, stocks trading, telepresence, and video or music editing.
References[edit]
- ↑ Velten, Andreas; Willwacher, Thomas; Gupta, Otkrist; Veeraraghavan, Ashok; Bawendi, Moungi G.; Raskar, Ramesh (2012-03-20). "Recovering three-dimensional shape around a corner using ultrafast time-of-flight imaging". Nature Communications. 3 (1): 745. Bibcode:2012NatCo...3..745V. doi:10.1038/ncomms1747. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 22434188. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Gariepy, Genevieve; Tonolini, Francesco; Henderson, Robert; Leach, Jonathan; Faccio, Daniele (January 2016). "Detection and tracking of moving objects hidden from view". Nature Photonics. 10 (1): 23–26. Bibcode:2016NaPho..10...23G. doi:10.1038/nphoton.2015.234. ISSN 1749-4893. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Davies, W. S. (1991-01-01). "The Fabry-Perot interferometer—history, theory, practice and applications: by J.M. Vaughan, Adam Hilger Publishers, Bristol, 1989, Price: £60, ISBN: 0 85274 138 3". Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 15 (1): 71–73. doi:10.1016/0143-8166(91)90009-I. ISSN 0143-8166.
- ↑ Islam, Md Rajibul; Ali, Muhammad Mahmood; Lai, Man-Hong; Lim, Kok-Sing; Ahmad, Harith (April 2014). "Chronology of Fabry-Perot Interferometer Fiber-Optic Sensors and Their Applications: A Review". Sensors. 14 (4): 7451–7488. Bibcode:2014Senso..14.7451I. doi:10.3390/s140407451. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 4029708. PMID 24763250.
- ↑ US20210103160A1, Dehkordi, Barmak Heshmat, "Methods and systems for programmable optical depth modulation via field evolving cavities with polarization clock", issued 2021-04-08
- ↑ US20220057647A1, Khorasaninejad, Mohammadreza; Barmak Heshmat Dehkordi & I.-Hung Ting, "Methods, systems, apparatuses, and devices for facilitating light field optical fusion", issued 2022-02-24
- ↑ US20210356760A1, Dehkordi, Barmak Heshmat, "System and Method for Aperture Extension and Programmable Optical Depth Modulation via a Field Evolving Cavity", issued 2021-11-18
- ↑ Lanman, Douglas; Wetzstein, Gordon; Hirsch, Matthew; Heidrich, Wolfgang; Raskar, Ramesh (2011-12-12). "Polarization fields: Dynamic light field display using multi-layer LCDS". Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference. SA '11. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 1–10. doi:10.1145/2024156.2024220. hdl:1721.1/80393. ISBN 978-1-4503-0807-6. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) Search this book on
- ↑ Magarill, Simon; Cassarly, William J.; Yang, Yang; Yu, Xiaofeng; Jenkins, David R.; Liu, Guang (2017-11-27). "Parametric model of volumetric scattering". In Clark, Peter P.; Muschaweck, Julius A.; Rogers, John R.; Pfisterer, Richard N. International Optical Design Conference 2017. 10590. SPIE. p. 23. Bibcode:2017SPIE10590E..23M. doi:10.1117/12.2286958. ISBN 9781510616721. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) Search this book on
- ↑ Aghasi, Alireza (2021). "Optimal allocation of quantized human eye depth perception for multi-focal 3D display design". Optics Express. 29 (7): 9878–9896. arXiv:2010.06382. Bibcode:2021OExpr..29.9878A. doi:10.1364/OE.412373. PMID 33820153 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Vienne, Cyril; Sorin, Laurent; Blondé, Laurent; Huynh-Thu, Quan; Mamassian, Pascal (2014-07-01). "Effect of the accommodation-vergence conflict on vergence eye movements". Vision Research. 100: 124–133. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.04.017. ISSN 0042-6989. PMID 24835799. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Hoffman, D.M. (2008). "Vergence-accommodation conflicts hinder visual performance and cause visual fatigue". Journal of Vision. 8 (3): 33.1–30. doi:10.1167/8.3.33. PMC 2879326. PMID 18484839. Archived from the original on 2023-05-10. Retrieved 2023-04-03 – via J. Vison. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ US11586046B2, Waldern, Jonathan David; Milan Momcilo Popovich & Alastair John Grant, "Wearable heads up displays", issued 2023-02-21
- ↑ Heshmat, Barmak; Tancik, Matthew; Satat, Guy; Raskar, Ramesh (September 2018). "Photography optics in the time dimension". Nature Photonics. 12 (9): 560–566. Bibcode:2018NaPho..12..560H. doi:10.1038/s41566-018-0234-0. ISSN 1749-4893. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Liu, Rui; Peng, Chao; Zhang, Yunbo; Husarek, Hannah; Yu, Qi (2021-11-01). "A survey of immersive technologies and applications for industrial product development". Computers & Graphics. 100: 137–151. doi:10.1016/j.cag.2021.07.023. ISSN 0097-8493. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help)
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