Figgy pudding
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Medieval cooking commonly employed figs, in both sweet and savoury dishes.[1] One such dish is fygey, in the 14th-century cookbook The Forme of Cury, which in Modern English is "figgy", this dish being known as figgy pudding or fig pudding:[2][1][3]
Take Almaende blanched; grynde hem and drawe hem up with watr and wyne; quartr figs hole raisons. Cast þerto powdor gingr and hony clarified; seeþ it wel and salt it, and seve forth.[4] |
Take blanched almonds, grind them, remove and mix with water, wine, quartered figs, whole raisins. Add in powdered ginger, clarified honey, boil it well and salt it, and serve.[5] |
| —The Forme of Cury recipe 118 |
It is referenced in the Christmas carol "We Wish You A Merry Christmas" in the line "Now bring us some figgy pudding!".[6] Despite this, figgy pudding is not plum pudding, although it can be considered a precursor to it; it is not as rich, and the recipe is simpler.[2]
The Middle English name had several spellings, including "ffygey", "fygeye", "fygee", "figge", and "figee".[7][8][9] The latter is a 15th-century conflation with a different dish.[8] Figee was in fact a dish of fish and curds, which was named figé in Old French, meaning "curdled" (the past participle of the Old French "figer").[8][7][10] But it too came to mean a "figgy" dish, involving cooked figs, boiled in wine or otherwise.[8] A turn of the 15th-century herbal has a recipe for figee:
Nym figes, & boille hem in wyn, & bray hem in a morter with lied bred; tempre hit vp with goud wyn / boille it / do therto good spicere, & hole resons / dresse hit / florisshe it a-boue with pomme-garnetes.[11] |
Take figs and boil them in wine, and pound them in a mortar with bread. Mix it up with good wine; boil it. Add good spices and whole raisins. Dress it; decorate it with pomegranate seeds on top.[12] |
| —Laudian Manuscript 553, Bodleian Library |
Liber Cure Cocorum has the recipe under the name "fignade" on page 42.[7][9] Richard Warner's Antiquitates Culinariae has it under the name "fyge to potage".[7][13][9] Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management contains two different recipes for fig pudding that use suet, numbers 1275 and 1276.[14]
References
Cross-reference
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Threlfall-Holmes 2005, p. 61–62.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Breverton 2015, p. 236.
- ↑ Hieatt, Nutter & Holloway 2006, p. 113.
- ↑ Pegge 2014, p. 45.
- ↑ Albala 2006, p. 65.
- ↑ Cassidy 2004, p. 48.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Austin 1888, p. 129.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Shipley 1955, p. 267.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Hieatt, Nutter & Holloway 2006, p. 38.
- ↑ Morton 2004, p. 51.
- ↑ Austin 1888, p. 113.
- ↑ Ayto 2012, p. 133.
- ↑ Warner 1791, p. 67.
- ↑ Beeton 2006, p. 618.
Reference bibliography
- Albala, Ken (2006). "The Middle Ages 1300–1450". Cooking in Europe, 1250–1650. Daily life through history. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780313330964. ISSN 1080-4749. Search this book on
- Ayto, John (2012). "figee". The Diner's Dictionary: Word Origins of Food and Drink. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199640249.
- Austin, Thomas (1888). Two Fifteenth-Century Cookery-Books. N. Trübner & Co. Search this book on (Two Fifteenth-Century Cookery-Books at the Internet Archive)
- Beeton, Isabella (2006). Mrs Beeton's Household Management. Wordsworth Editions. ISBN 9781840222685. Search this book on
- Breverton, Terry (2015). "Sweets". The Tudor Kitchen: What the Tudors Ate & Drank. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 9781445648750. Search this book on
- Cassidy, Jennie (December 2004). "Now bring us some figgy pudding!". Early Music Review. King's Music. 104. ISBN 9783761815946.
- Hieatt, Constance Bartlett; Nutter, Terry; Holloway, Johnna H. (2006). Concordance of English Recipes: Thirteenth Through Fifteenth Centuries. Medieval & Renaissance Texts Studies. 312. ACMRS. ISBN 9780866983570. Search this book on
- Morton, Mark (2004). "bouce Jane". Cupboard Love 2: A Dictionary of Culinary Curiosities. Insomniac Press. ISBN 9781897415931.
- Pegge, Samuel, ed. (2014). The Forme of Cury, a Roll of Ancient English Cookery. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108076203. Search this book on
- Shipley, Joseph T. (1955). "figee". Dictionary of Early English. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781442233997.
- Threlfall-Holmes, Miranda (2005). Monks and Markets: Durham Cathedral Priory 1460–1520. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199253814. Search this book on
- Warner, Richard (1791). Antiquitates Culinariae, Or Curious Tracts Relating to the Culinary Affairs Of The Old English. London: R. Blamire. Search this book on
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