Finno-Basque languages
| Finno-Basque | |
|---|---|
| (hypothetical ( fringe) | |
| Geographic distribution | Northern Eurasia, Iberia |
| Linguistic classification | Proposed language family |
| Subdivisions | |
| Glottolog | None |
Finno-Basque or Uralo-Basque or Uralo-Vasconic is a proposed hypothetical language family consisting of Basque and the Uralic languages.[1] The hypothesis is accepted only by a few linguists and is fringe; for example, the Finnish linguist Otto Donner was a harsh critic of the conjecture.[2] Most linguists have called the theory very fringe and unlikely,[3] However, many similarities between Basque and the Uralic languages can be found. Most similarities are found between the Ugric languages and Basque.[4] These languages have approximately 26 million speakers in total. Only 660k come from Basque[5]
History
Some scholars have pointed to similarities between the Basque language and Uralic languages[6]. Many attempts to put Basque into a language family have been done and Finno-Basque is one of these. But there have only been a few attempts at connecting Basque to the Uralic languages. The French Count (Charles-Félix) Hyacinthe de Charencey (1832-1916), cf. de Charencey (1862) who was famous for founding Mayan linguistics, tried to connect the Basque and Uralic languages. Also T. Majláth made in an internet post hundreds of claimed Hungarian-Basque cognates. [7] Some similarities between the Basque and Uralic (especially Ugric) was found and that is how the Finno-Basque theory was born. There have also been multiple attempts at comparing the Basque language with the Sámi languages and the Sámi people. Today Finno-Basque is not well accepted but there are a few Linguists who believe in the theory. In the modern day only a few people believe in the Theory and it is mostly debunked[7][8]
Similarities
"k" is used for the plural in Hungarian and Basque.
Instead of prepositions, suffixes are used.
Basque - en = "in"
Hungarian: -ban = "in"
There is similar vocabulary but sometimes with different meanings.
Ipar = North (basque) industry (hungarian)
In Basque "mororrera" = to the motor
In Hungarian "motorra" = onto the motor.[9]
Similar vocabulary
The following correspondences are taken from Tóth (2007). However, he considers Hungarian and Basque not to be related to each other.[7]
| Basque | Hungarian | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| hiru | három | 3 |
| izi | iszony | horror |
| izerdi | izzadság | sweat |
| kalaka | kallantyú | bolt |
| mindza-tu | mondani | to speak |
| oka | okádás | to vomit |
| okada | okádni | vomiting |
| orroe | ordítani | to shout |
| as-aba | ős | ancestor |
| palu | pálca | stick |
See also
External links
List of similar vocabulary between Hungarian and Basque
The common Mesopotamian substrate of Hungarian and Basque ( arguments against the theory )
Basque and Uralic languages compared
References
- ↑ "The Basque mystery- roots of Biscayan language and culture". folk.uio.no. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
- ↑ Karlsson, Fred (2001). Yleinen kielitiede Suomessa kautta aikojen. University of Helsinki. p. 41. Search this book on
- ↑ "Usein kysyttyä suomalais-ugrilaisista kielistä". homepage.univie.ac.at. Retrieved 2020-02-06.
- ↑ "Kaltion artikkeli". www.kaltio.fi. Retrieved 2020-02-06.
- ↑ "Basque language, alphabet and pronunciation". www.omniglot.com. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
- ↑ "Basque people: language, origins, history and culture | VortexMag". www.vortexmag.net. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 TÓTH, ALFRÉD (2007). The common Mesopotamian substrate of Hungarian and Basque (PDF). The Hague, Holland: Mikes International. ISBN 978-90-8501-119-4. Retrieved 2020-02-07. Search this book on
- ↑ "Kaltion artikkeli". www.kaltio.fi. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
- ↑ "Similarities between the Basque and Hungarian languages". www.gtoth.eu. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
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