Garrett - Advancing Motion
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Formerly |
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|---|---|
| Public | |
| Traded as | NYSE: GTX |
| ISIN | 🆔 |
| Industry | Automotive |
| Founded 📆 | 1954 as Garrett AiResearch's Industrial Division 2018 as independent company |
| Founder 👔 | |
| Headquarters 🏙️ | Rolle, Switzerland |
Area served 🗺️ | |
| Products 📟 | Turbochargers |
| Members | |
Number of employees | 6000 (2018) |
| 🌐 Website | www |
| 📇 Address | |
| 📞 telephone | |
| Footnotes / references [1][2] | |
Garrett - Advancing Motion, also known as Garrett Motion, formerly Honeywell Transportation Systems and Honeywell Turbo Technologies, is an American company primarily involved in engineering, development, and manufacturing of turbochargers and related forced induction systems for ground vehicles from small passenger cars to large trucks and industrial equipment and construction machinery. It originated as part of Garrett AiResearch's Industrial Division in Phoenix, Arizona in the 1950s, after they entered a contract to provide 5,000 turbochargers for the Caterpillar mining vehicle. It manufactured turbochargers for railroads and commercial trucks. The business produced approximately $3.2 billion in revenue in 2011. Honeywell is also involved in motorsports providing turbochargers and forced induction systems, solutions, and related equipment to racing teams and various forms of automobile racing and professional competitions.[3] In 2004, the business became part of American industrial conglomerate Honeywell International, Inc. as their Transportation Systems division. In 2018, it was spun off to become an independent company under the Garrett - Advancing Motion name with corporate headquarters in Rolle, Switzerland.
History
John Clifford "Cliff" Garrett founded the Aircraft Tool and Supply Company in a one-room office in Los Angeles in 1936.[4][5] In 1938, the company changed its name to Garrett Corporation, consolidating several companies into one with three divisions. The company produced aircraft turbochargers for the war effort in World War II, as well as avionics, environmental controls and other products.[5]
In the 1950s, the city of Los Angeles and other municipalities started using turbochargers in their sewage purification operations. By 1952, 20,000 turbocharged engines were in use in the US.[6] In order to explore applications of turbochargers for diesel engines, Garrett separated the turbocharger group from the gas turbine group on September 27, 1954, to form the AiResearch Industrial Division (AID).[7]
The first T-15 Turbocharger was delivered to the Caterpillar Company in 1955.[8] It was followed by an order for 5,000 production units, to be installed in the Caterpillar D9 tractor.[9][6] The industrial division produced turbochargers for construction machinery, railroad locomotives, tractors, ships, powerplants and oil pipeline pumping stations.[6]
The T11 automotive turbocharger developed in 1960 expanded turbos to commercial vehicles such as the heavy trucks produced by Mack Trucks, Volvo and Scania.[6] The first turbocharged passenger cars were the Chevrolet Corvair Monza and the Oldsmobile Jetfire in 1962/1963. In the 1960s turbochargers were used in race cars and sports cars, gaining an association with racing culture and auto-enthusiasts.[10] Company founder Cliff Garrett’s death in 1963 was followed by a hostile takeover threat by Curtiss-Wright Corporation. To avoid this, Garrett Corporation merged with Signal Oil and Gas Company in 1964.[5] The combined company adopted the name The Signal Companies in 1968[9] before merging with Allied Corporation to become Allied-Signal Inc.
The oil crisis of the 1970s made federal regulators put pressure on car manufacturers to reduce exhaust emissions. By 1977 manufacturers introduced turbocharged cars in the US and Europe like the Buick Regal and LeSabre sports coupe as well as European cars by Volvo, Saab, Peugeot, Renault and Mercedes.[6] In 1978 there were only eight turbocharged car models and seven used Garrett turbochargers.[6] Garrett formed the automotive group in 1980 and by the mid-1980s there were over 100 turbocharged models.[6] Turbochargers became commonplace by the 1990s.[10]
In 1994, Allied-Signal acquired the Lycoming Turbine Engine Division of Textron followed by the sale of the Garrett Aviation Division to General Electric three years later. In 1999, it merged with Honeywell International Inc. and adopted Honeywell as the company name.[5] In 2011, Honeywell sold its automotive Consumer Products Group to Rank Group, a New Zealand private investment firm, for $950 million. This included brands like Fram Filters, Prestone antifreeze and Autolite spark plugs.[11]
In the 2000s Garrett’s turbochargers were installed in the engines of the Chevrolet Sonic, Mercedes S 350, Volkswagen Polo, BMW X6 ActiveHybrid, Ford F-350, Volkswagen Golf and Jaguar XF among others.[12][13][14][15][16] In 2010 the company developed 15 new technologies for 100 new engines, including the world’s first use of ball bearing technology in a mainstream light vehicle diesel engine.[17] Garrett has developed the world’s smallest turbo for the Tata Nano[18][19] as well as for the 100-liter engine of the Caterpillar mining truck.[18][19][19]
Business
On October 1, 2018, Garrett Motion Inc. became an independent publicly-traded company through a pro rata distribution by Honeywell International Inc. (“Parent” or “Honeywell”) of 100% of the then-outstanding shares of Garrett to Honeywell’s stockholders (the “SpinOff”). Each Honeywell stockholder of record received one share of Garrett common stock for every 10 shares of Honeywell common stock held on the record date. Approximately 74 million shares of Garrett common stock were distributed on October 1, 2018 to Honeywell stockholders.
Turbo racing
The Garrett brand competes in numerous motorsport series and supports sports car racing, drag racing, rally racing, and open-wheel racing. Racing vehicles using a Garrett turbo include:[20]
| Year | Team | Race | OEM/Aftermarket Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1969 | Lotus-Ford | Indianapolis 500 | OEM | Garrett TE06 |
| 1977 | Renault | Formula One World Championship | OEM | The first turbocharged engine in a Formula One race |
| 1978 | Renault | Le Mans Classic | OEM | |
| 1979 | Saab | World Rally Championship | OEM | |
| 1987 | Lancia | World Rally Manufacturers' Championship | OEM | |
| 1988 | Nissan | International Motorsport Association Championship | Aftermarket | T04S turbocharger |
| 1994 | Toyota | Pikes Peak International Hill Climb | Aftermarket | |
| 2000 | Audi | 24 Hours of Le Mans | OEM | twin turbo |
| 2004 | PSA Peugeot Citroën | World Rally Manufacturers' Championship | OEM | |
| 2006 | Audi | 24 Hours of Le Mans | OEM | Honeywell developed a racing turbo for an Audi R10 diesel engine |
| 2010 | Audi | 24 Hours of Le Mans | OEM | Audi R15 TDI LMP1 car was fitted with a custom made Honeywell variable nozzle turbocharger. This turbocharger was made specifically for the race.[21] |
| 2011 | Audi | 24 Hours of Le Mans | OEM | Audi was fitted with variable geometry Garrett turbocharger |
| 2011 | Citroen | World Rally Championship | OEM | The Citroën DS3 WRC used a Garrett turbocharger[22][23] |
Technologies and products
Turbo Technology
Garrett - Turbo Technology: Turbocharging is a technology perfectly in tune with 21st century living. From microcars and family SUVs to heavy-duty trucks and monster off-highway machines, Garrett turbos boost the world’s auto fleet, helping create a more energy efficient future.
VNT
Variable Nozzle Turbines (VNT) use nine moveable vanes, an electrohydraulic actuator and a proportional solenoid for variable control throughout the engine’s power curve.[10][24] This means the air passageway of the turbo varies to meet the engine’s needs at different RPMs. Forty million VNT turbochargers have been sold since the 1990s.[25] VNT DutyDrive, previously called Double Axle VNT, uses 12-19 turbine nozzle vanes supported by twin axles for trucks and buses.[26]
Dual-Stage
Dual-Stage turbochargers use two smaller turbochargers either side-by-side or in sequence. The first is used at low speeds and a valve opens up the second as engine RPMs increase. The dual-stage used in the Audi A6/A7 three liter V6 engine however runs both turbochargers at a lower pressure mode and some use one larger turbo followed by a smaller one.[27] The Dualboost has dual compressors to mimic a twin turbocharger.[28]
Patents
Garrett Motion has patented a single-cartridge, dual ball bearing technology, which uses a single sleeve system with a set of angular ball bearings on either end. This creates a rolling rather than sliding mechanism between parts intended to reduce the amount of pressure required to achieve airflow.[24][29]
References
- ↑ "Information Statement Summary". Securities & Exchange Commission.
- ↑ https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/companies/GTX:US-garrett-motion-inc
- ↑ "Products - Turbochargers". garrettmotion.com. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
- ↑ "Built on Thin Air". TIME. November 16, 1962. Archived from the original on December 3, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2019.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Leyes, Richard; William Fleming. The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines. Smithsonian Institution and AIAA. The National Air and Space Museum. Retrieved March 5, 2012. Search this book on
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Schoneberger, William; Robert Scholl (1985). Out of Thin Air. Garrett Corporation. pp. 126–131. Search this book on
- ↑ Turbo History Archived October 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Honeywell Celebrates 100 Years of Turbo; 50th Year of Garrett Turbocharged Vehicle". Wagner Tech's Mopar Blog. August 2, 2005. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Honeywell Turbo Technologies History page Archived October 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Patton, David (October 22, 2008). "Honeywell's Adriane Brown On Turbocharging". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 26, 2012.
- ↑ "Honeywell Sells Consumer Auto Products Business". DealBook. January 28, 2011. Retrieved November 20, 2011.
- ↑ "Honeywell Boosts 2011 Chevrolet Sonic to 40 mpg Fuel Economy" (Press release). Garrett. January 19, 2011. Archived from the original on January 29, 2019. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
- ↑ "Garrett Turbo Innovations Launched on High Performing Mercedes, Range Rover Engines" (Press release). Garrett. September 30, 2010. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
- ↑ "Honeywell Set to Launch 15 New Turbo Technologies in 2010". Garrett. September 30, 2010. Archived from the original on January 30, 2019. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
- ↑ "Volkswagen Selects Honeywell Turbo for New 1.6L Engine" (Press release). Honeywell. November 20, 2011. Archived from the original on March 5, 2015. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
- ↑ "New Garrett Turbo Technology Redefines Efficiency and Performance of Diesel V-Engines" (Press release). Garrett. March 2, 2009. Archived from the original on January 30, 2019. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
- ↑ "Garrett Turbo Technologies Takes on Challenge to Help Shrink Engines" (Press release). Garrett. March 2, 2010. Archived from the original on January 30, 2019. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Tata to launch tiny Nano turbo". Wheels24. January 18, 2011. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Shuldiner, Herb (November 1, 2011). "Turbo Penetration Set for Big Boost". WardsAuto. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
- ↑ Turbo Evolution Timeline Archived 2016-01-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Le Mans Audi first with hot VG turbo". Automotive Engineer. July 15, 2010. Archived from the original on February 6, 2016. Retrieved November 20, 2011.
- ↑ "2011 FIA Manufacturers' Championship Standings". World Rally Championship. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
- ↑ "Citroën DS3 WRC". Mikko. Archived from the original on April 23, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 Blevins, Bryan. "PowerMax Performance Diesel by Garrett Turbochargers". Powermaxturbo.com. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
- ↑ "Garrett of the VNT turbocharger". GCG. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2012.
- ↑ "What is a VNT DutyDrive Turbo?". Garrett Turbo Bulletin. July 29, 2010. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2012.
- ↑ "New TwoStage module leads Garrett's turbocharger boom". Automotive Engineering Online. October 14, 2011. Archived from the original on October 22, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
- ↑ "Dual-Sided Compressor Wheel Turbo". Diesel Progress Online. May 4, 2011. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ↑ "Garrett Turbo Technologies". FreshPatents.com. Archived from the original on May 27, 2012. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
External links
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