Gion cult
The Gion cult is a Shinto cult. Originally it revolved solely around Gozu Tenno, but during the Separation of Shintoism and Buddhism of the Meiji era the government mandated it shift to revolving around Susanoo.
The main shrine is Yasaka Shrine in Kyoto or Hiromine Shrine in Hyogo Prefecture.
Gozu Tenno was originally a Buddhist-style Onmyōdō deity, and is generally considered to be the guardian deity of Jetavana, the monastery where the Buddha studied[1][2]. The description in Shinnaiden is prominent. In China, he was influenced by Taoism, and in Japan, he further merged with Susanoo, the Kami of Shinto. This is because both Gozu Tenno and Susanoo were considered to be plague gods[3]. He was considered to be the Buddha Bhaisajyaguru.
The cult began in the Heian period, and the original form of the Gion faith was to prevent epidemics by comforting the god of pestilence. In the late 10th century, the citizens of Kyoto began to hold a festival at Yasaka Shrine (then known as Gion Shrine) which became known as Gion Matsuri.[4] [5]By the Middle Ages, the Gion faith had spread throughout the country, and Gion shrines or Gyototenno shrines were created to enshrine Gyotenno, and the Goryokai (or Tenno Festival) was held as a ritual procession.[6]
In the Meiji era (1868-1912), the Separation of Buddhism and Shintoism banned Buddhist rituals at shrines and prohibited the use of Buddhist words such as "Gozu Tenno" and "Gion" in the names of deities and company names, so Gion Shrine and Gozu Tenno Shrine became shrines dedicated to Susanoo and changed their names.
There are many other cults of Susanoo that are not derived from the Gion faith, but rather from indigenous Shinto traditions without Buddhist influence.
Shrines of Gion Shinto
When the head office is Yasaka Shrine in Gion, Kyoto, it is called Yasaka Shrine (Yasaka Shrine), Yaei Shrine, Gion Shrine, or Kan-jinja Shrine; when the head office is Hiromine Shrine in Harima, it is called Hiromine Shrine (Hiromine Shrine) or Susanoo Shrine (Susanoo Shrine); when the head office is Susa Shrine in Izumo, it is called Yakumo Shrine; when the head office is Suga Shrine in Izumo, it is called Suga Shrine When the head office is Suga Shrine in Izumo, it is called Suga Shrine, and when the head office is Tsushima Shrine in Aichi, it tends to be called Tsushima Shrine or Tenno Shrine. However, there are many exceptions and it is not strongly systematized. Tsushima Shrine has a unique position in the Gion faith as the Tsushima faith. Other shrines, such as Hikawa Shrine and Kumano Shrine, also have Susanoo as their deity, but their connection to the Gion faith is very tenuous, as is the Susa Shrine in Izumo.
- Yasaka Shrine System：Yasaka Shrine (Yasaka Shrine), Yae Shrine, Gion Shrine, Sense Shrine, Yakon Shrine (Yakon Shrine)
- Hirobine Shrine System: Hirobine Shrine (Hirobine Shrine), Sujamu Shrine (Sujamu Shrine)
- Susa Shrine System: Susa Shrine, Yakumo Shrine
- Soga Shrine System：Suka Shrine
- Tsujima Shrine System：Tsujima Shrine, Tenno Shrine (Reference) Hikawa Shrine, Kumano Shrine
External link
- 祇園信仰研究会 - 有志による研究会
Category:Faith Category:Shinbutsu shūgō Category:Shinto
Category:Gion faith Category:Gion worship Category:Shinto cults Category:Shinto worship
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- ↑ Lillehoj, Elizabeth (2004-01-01). Critical Perspectives on Classicism in Japanese Painting: 1600 - 1700. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2699-4. Search this book on
- ↑ "Japan Shinto Kami Gods | Gozu-Tennō 牛頭天王| Rods Shinto". shintoshrines. Retrieved 2022-01-10.
- ↑ McMullin, Neil (1988-02-01). "On Placating the Gods and Pacifying the Populace: The Case of the Gion "Goryō" Cult". History of Religions. 27 (3): 270–293. doi:10.1086/463123. ISSN 0018-2710. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Chapin, Helen B. (September 1934). "The Gion Shrine and the Gion Festival". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 54 (3): 282–289. doi:10.2307/594168. ISSN 0003-0279. JSTOR 594168.
- ↑ "The Gion Festival: Exploring Its Mysteries". The Gion Festival. Retrieved 2022-01-10.
- ↑ Teeuwen, Mark; Rambelli, Fabio (2003). Buddhas and kami in Japan [electronic resource] : honji suijaku as a combinatory paradigm. Library Genesis. London ; New York : RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 978-0-203-22025-2. Search this book on
