Gradient multilayer nanofilm
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Gradient multilayer (GML) nanofilm is an assembly of quantum dot layers with a built-in gradient of nanoparticle size, composition, or density.
Properties of such nanostructures are finding their applications in the design of solar cells[1][2][3] and energy storage devices.[4]
The GML nanostructure can be embedded in the organic material (polymer), or can include quantum dots made of two or more types of material.
Photovoltaic applications
The GML nanofilm, only 100 nanometers thick, can absorb the entire Sun spectrum (0.3–2.0+ eV). At the same time, a gradient of the quantum dots' size can create a gradient of the electrochemical potential, acting as an equivalent of a built-in electric field inside a nanofilm. This enhances the transport of electrons and holes, and improves the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and photocurrent.
Manufacturing
The industrial manufacturing of GML nanofilms represents a challenge. Traditional methods of building nanostructured materials (like spin coating) cannot form GML nanostructures, while more effective methods—like Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) or the Langmuir-Blodgett "microchemical" method[5]—are expensive.
See also
References
- ↑ Holm, Timothy P.; Cheng Chieh Chao; Prinz, Fritz B. (2009). "Energy transfer between quantum dots of different sizes for quantum dot solar cells". 2009 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). p. 85. doi:10.1109/PVSC.2009.5411731. ISBN 978-1-4244-2949-3.
- ↑ Reddy, Damoder and Gilman, Boris Nanophotovoltaic Device with Improved Quantum Efficiency. US Patent Application 20080142075. Freepatentsonline.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-22.
- ↑ Quantum dot solar cell with quantum dot bandgap gradients. Freepatentsonline.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-22.
- ↑ Quantum dot ultracapacitor and electron battery. Freepatentsonline.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-22.
- ↑ Microchemical nanofactories. Freepatentsonline.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-22.
External links
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