Guy ropes
| Guy ropes | |
|---|---|
 Horizontal section of left thigh, viewed from above. | |
| Details | |
| Parts | Sartorius muscle, Gracilis muscle and Semitendinosus muscles |
| Artery | Femoral artery, profunda femoris, medial circumflex femoral artery, inferior gluteal artery and perforating arteries |
| Nerve | Femoral nerve, anterior branch of obturator nerve and tibial part of sciatic nerve |
| Identifiers | |
| TA | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 744: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| TH | {{#property:P1694}} |
| TE | {{#property:P1693}} |
| FMA | {{#property:P1402}} |
| Anatomical terminology [[[d:Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 863: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|edit on Wikidata]]] | |
Guy ropes are a group of thigh muscles consisting of sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus muscles. Though they differ in origin, anatomical positioning, functions, innervation, and blood supply, they share a common insertion. They are inserted on the tibia and represent one muscle from all three compartments of the thigh; anterior, medial and posterior compartment respectively. Their main function together is to provide stability, strength, and weight distribution to the pelvis on the femur and tibia by having a guy-rope arrangement.
Anatomy
The three muscles constitute the elements from each fascial compartment of the thigh. Sartorius originates from the anterior superior iliac spine and the upper half of the notch below the iliac spine of the pelvic bone, which represents the anterior compartment of the thigh.[1] Gracilis originates from the ischiopubic ramus; from the inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of the ischium, and inferolateral part of the ischial tuberosity, representing the medial compartment of the thigh.[2] Semitendinosus originates from the upper part of the tuberosity of the ischium from the inferomedial impression, and represents the posterior compartment of the thigh.[3]
Guy ropes are inserted on the upper anteromedial surface of the tibia as pes anserinus; the tendons from the three muscles combine and are inserted.[4] The order of convergence from front to back is: sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus.[4][5]
Sartorius is supplied by the femoral nerve,[6] gracilis by the anterior branch of the obturator nerve,[7] and semitendinosus by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve.[6] They receive blood from the femoral artery,[6][1] profunda femoris,[7] medial circumflex femoral artery,[8] inferior gluteal artery,[3] and perforating arteries,[6] respectively.
Functions
Sartorius performs flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation of the hip joint, and flexion of the knee joint.[9][10] Gracilis performs flexion, medial rotation, and weak adduction of the hip joint.[11][12] Semitendinosus assists in flexion of the knee joint, medial rotation of the leg and weak extension of the hip.[13][14]
As guy ropes, the muscles form a guy-rope structure: they begin from different higher points and converge below to form a tent-like formation. This arrangement maintains stability and provides strength to the pelvis on the femur and tibia. It also aids in proper weight channeling for maintaining balance and in various lower limb motions.[15] Guy ropes, consisting of muscles from all compartments of the thigh with different functions, help in stabilizing the pelvis over the thigh and leg.[16]
Clinical significance
The anserine bursa is a sub-muscular synovial bursa located between the guy ropes and the tibial collateral ligament. Inflammation of the bursa is known as pes anserine bursitis, and the muscles of the guy ropes may also be involved. This results in decreased function of the individual muscles and/or the guy ropes as a whole.[17]
Citations
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gray's Anatomy 2015, pp. 1361.
- ↑ Gray's Anatomy 2015, pp. 1362-1364.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gray's Anatomy 2015, pp. 1366.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy 2014, pp. 493.
- ↑ Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy 2014, pp. 497.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy 2014, pp. 535.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy 2014, pp. 534.
- ↑ Gray's Anatomy 2015, pp. 1369.
- ↑ & Vishram Singh's Textbook of Anatomy 2014, pp. 335.
- ↑ BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy 2012, pp. 54.
- ↑ & Vishram Singh's Textbook of Anatomy 2014, pp. 343-345.
- ↑ BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy 2012, pp. 60.
- ↑ Vishram Singh's Textbook of Anatomy 2014, pp. 364-366.
- ↑ BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy 2012, pp. 84.
- ↑ BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy 2012, pp. 100.
- ↑ BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy 2012, pp. 101.
- ↑ Vishram Singh's Textbook of Anatomy 2014, pp. 405.
References
- Henry Gray (2015). Susan Standring, ed. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (41st ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-7020-6851-5. Search this book on
- Frank H. Netter (2014). John T. Hansen, ed. Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy. International Edition (6th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-8089-2451-7. Search this book on
- BD Chaurasia (2012). Garg, Krishna; Mittal, PS; Chandrupatla, Mrudula, eds. BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy: Lower Limb Abdomen and Pelvis. Vol. 2 (6th ed.). CBS Publishers. ISBN 978-81-239-2331-4. Search this book on
- Vishram Singh (2014). Textbook of Anatomy: Abdomen and Lower Limb. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-81-312-3626-0. Search this book on
