H. G. Venkatesh
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References[edit]
1.Microwave Spectroscopy Lab Report RLE_QPR_047_IV MIT , Massachusetts , 1957 2.Microwave Spectroscopy Lab Report RLE_QPR_047_VI MIT , Massachusetts , 1958 3.Microwave Spectroscopy Lab Report RLE_QPR_061_III MIT , Massachusetts , 1958 4.H.G,Venkates, M.W.P.Strandberg, DESIGN AND OPERATION OF A MOLECULAR OSCILLATOR, [Communicated by Sir C V Raman, Nobel Laureate], March 1960, Volume 51, Issue 3, pp 123–136.
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Indian Physicist Alma mater : Massachusetts Institute of Technology ;University of Mysore ; Central College , Bangalore ; Thesis Supervisor : Professor MWP Strandberg Research Professor : Birla Institute of Technology Mesra , Ranchi , India Professor of Physics : Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , India
Harihar Gundurao Venkatesh [1922(?) - 5.05.1979] was a pioneer Laser Physicist from India. With the completion of his Sc.D studies [4] , a maser spectrometer facility was available at the Department of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, US for the first time; a rare achievement by an Indian Physicist. Siblings are H.G. Suryanarayana Rao, a professor of English in University of Mysore ; H. G. Somasekhara Rao, a writer and an occasional actor and H.G. Dattatreya , an Indian academician and actor who has appeared in over 80 Kannada films and several plays winning National Film Award.
Excerpts from the MIT Laboratory Report by HGV.
‘Work by the present investigator has been completed. The thesis giving a unified treatment of the theory of the gas maser is summarized here.
The theory of the complex polarization of a molecular beam interacting with a microwave field, with the velocity distribution of the molecules in the beam taken into account, was presented. Explicit operational conditions were deduced. General formulas for the emitted power and the oscillation frequency were obtained. Although the integrals that are involved present no practical difficulties, the large-signal theory was systematically derived by means of a correspondence method by introducing an rms time of flight of molecules in the cavity. The expressions thus obtained for the minimal oscillation condition and for the saturation value of the energy stored in the cavity differ from those obtained by K. Shimoda . The device was examined analytically as a single concept, and, in practice, a maser can only be so designed.
The experimental part of this thesis was concerned with the design and operation of an ammonia maser. The maser was so designed that it can easily be adapted, with a few simple modifications, for the study of other types of molecular beams, such as an alkalihalide beam. A notable feature of the present design is the provision of a liquid-air jacket that enables the cooling of the whole vacuum chamber to a very low temperature. With this cooling the maser can be operated at a pressure of 10-7 mm for a few hours with a molecular beam of the requisite intensity’[2].
The Single -Beam Maser [ 3]
‘Since the pioneering experiments by Johnson and Strandberg and by Strandberg and Dreicer , interest in molecular-beam microwave spectroscopy has been acute in this laboratory. The concurrent, now classic, experiments of Gordon, Zeiger, and Townes lent further impetus to this interest which Peter and Strandberg channelled into maser spectrometry. Their work was directed toward beam spectroscopy of the alkali halides, yet gaps in experimental method and theoretical understanding compelled them, at that time, to embrace widely divergent interests, such as information theory applied to microwave spectroscopy and mode control in microwave cavities of large volume. From this earlier work, Venkatesh was led to the studies on ammonia-maser spectroscopy which formed the basis of his doctoral thesis. When these studies were completed our laboratory [MIT ] was left with apparatus that we decided to refine so that a maser spectrometer facility would be readily available. We are able to report that this evolutionary process has been completed with the development and operation of a handy single-beam maser and with the construction of a twin-beam maser’ . – M.S.Lippset
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