HH 222
| Nebula | |
|---|---|
| Herbig–Haro object | |
 | |
| Observation data: J2000.0 epoch | |
| Right ascension | 05h 36m 22.8s |
| Declination | −06° 46′ 03″ |
| Constellation | Orion |
| Designations | HH 222 |
HH 222, commonly known as the Waterfall Nebula, is a prominent Herbig–Haro object located in the Orion molecular cloud complex. It is characterized by its elongated, cascade-like structure resembling a flowing waterfall, formed by ionized gas streams interacting with surrounding molecular clouds.[1][2][3][4]
Charecterstics
Structure
HH 222 manifests as a giant, curved filament of shocked gas, stretching in a sinuous path that evokes the appearance of cascading water. The structure converges toward a bright, non-thermal radio source in its upper left region, with fainter parallel streams enhancing the Waterfall illusion. Spectroscopic analysis reveals high-velocity outflows, indicative of shock fronts where material reaches speeds of hundreds of km/s.[5][6][7]
The nebula is embedded in a dusty environment, with the surrounding L1641 cloud obscuring parts of its extent in optical wavelengths. Infrared and radio observations have been crucial for mapping its full morphology and kinematics.[7]
Formation
HH 222 is classified as a giant Herbig–Haro flow, arising from collimated outflows ejected by young, low-mass stars during their protostellar phase. Detailed studies in 2013 identified its origin in the quadruple star system V380 Orionis, a multiple system of young stars approximately 0.3 parsecs from the nebula's head.[7]
Reference
- ↑ "Gallery Johannes Schedler". panther-observatory.com. Retrieved 2025-12-17.
- ↑ "HH-222 The Waterfall Nebula". waid-observatory.com. Retrieved 2025-12-17.
- ↑ [email protected]. "NGC 1999/L1641N". www.noirlab.edu. Retrieved 2025-12-17.
- ↑ "HH 222 The Waterfall Nebula". Telescope Live. Retrieved 2025-12-17.
- ↑ "APOD: 2011 October 24 - HH 222: The Waterfall Nebula". apod.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2025-12-17.
- ↑ "HH 222: The Waterfall Nebula". www.astronet.ru. Retrieved 2025-12-17.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Reipurth, Bo; Bally, John; Aspin, Colin; Connelley, M. S.; Geballe, T. R.; Kraus, Stefan; Appenzeller, Immo; Burgasser, Adam (2013-10-07). "HH 222: A GIANT HERBIG-HARO FLOW FROM THE QUADRUPLE SYSTEM V380 ORI". The Astronomical Journal. 146 (5): 118. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/5/118. ISSN 0004-6256.
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