Hakushu (Shinto)
Hakushu is a word used to refer to ceremonial clapping in Shinto[1]. Also known as Kashiwade
Ceremonial clapping is quiet and soft[2]
It is considered to have a Buddhist meaning with the right hand meaning Buddha and the left hand meaning all beings so unification of Buddha and all beings[3] As Buddhism and shinto have been together for so long it is unclear which one it originated from[4]
The practice is present in Aikido.[5][6] and Bujinkan.[7]
Ettiquette[edit]
Join your palms, and after spreading your hands to the sides, join them again. Generally, clap your hands when rejoining your palms to make a sound. Since the purpose of making clapping sounds is to express gratitude or joy, the etiquette is different at solemn events and when expressing sorrows (see below). It is also said that the clapping sounds are made to invoke gods to make your wish come true or to ward off evil spirits[8].[9]
Types[edit]
There are several types of hakushu. One type is the 'mijikate' (short claps) of three or less hand claps, such as the 'nihai-nihakushu-ippai' (The greeting of Shintoism which performs a bow twice first, then applauds twice, and finally bows once) generally employed when people visit shrines today. Four or more hand claps, such as those used at Izumo-taisha Shrine (four claps), Usa-jingu Shrine (four claps)[10] and Ise-jingu Shrine (eight claps) are known as 'nagate' (long claps). There is another type called 'yahirate', which is eight claps followed by a final short one. Among other types are 'shinobite' (soundless clapping), in which hands are clapped silently at Shinto funerals, and 'raishu', one clap made when receiving a cup of sake at naorai (banquets held at the end of festivals).[9][12]
References[edit]
- ↑ "Encyclopedia of Shinto詳細". 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム (in 日本語). Retrieved 2023-03-11.
- ↑ "Kashiwade (Ceremonial Clapping". issuu. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
- ↑ "Why are the hands clapped when praying at shrines (Shintoism) and placed together when praying at temples (Buddhism)? Online Atlas english school. Teaching jobs in Osaka,Sapporo,Yokohama,Nagoya,Kyoto,Kobe,". atlasp.net. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
- ↑ "Why do some Japanese people clap their hands when they pray for something at the temple?". GoWithGuide by Travelience. 2013-04-14. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
- ↑ "Hakushu - Culturesmith". culturesmith.com. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
- ↑ dontmakemeangrymrmcgee (2015-07-06). "Shinto Clapping and Aikido". dontmakemeangrymrmcgee. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
- ↑ "拍手 Hakushu: The Sound of Ninjas Clapping ?". INFOS BUJINKAN. 2011-07-01. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
- ↑ 賽銭の際に鈴を鳴らす理由も同様とされる。中国語圏で用いる旧正月の爆竹も同様の魔除けの意味がある。
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Yu, A. C. "Hakushu - Japanese Wiki Corpus". www.japanese-wiki-corpus.org. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
- ↑ 「四拍手/出雲大社は怨霊の神社?」、出雲大社紫野教会
- ↑ "お話". 石神井氷川神社. Archived from the original on 2012-09-05. Retrieved 2007-03-05. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ 細木数子がテレビ番組において「女性の拍手は音を立てない」と発言したため、全国の神社や氏子から「間違った作法での参拝が増えている」という苦情が神社本庁に寄せられた。東京都練馬区石神井台の石神井氷川神社では、公式サイトで参拝の作法について記述がある[11]。
参考文献[edit]
- 国立国会図書館 デジタルコレクション 神社祭式行事作法 内務省神祇院教務局祭務課編集 昭和17年 敬禮 警蹕 書誌ID 000000664653 P15 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1040190/1
- 国立国会図書館 デジタルコレクション 告示 / 内務省 / 第76号 / 神社祭式行事作法 明治40年 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/2950545
- 国立国会図書館 デジタルコレクション 神社局時代を語る 神祇院教務局調査課 昭和17年 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1057614
- 国立国会図書館 デジタルコレクション 神社本義 神祇院編集 昭和19年 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1040153
- 国立国会図書館 デジタルコレクション 神奈川県内政部 / 神社祭式行事作法解説 昭和18年 P21 22 23 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1097500
- 島田 裕巳 神社で拍手を打つな! -日本の「しきたり」のウソ・ホント 出版社: 中央公論新社 (2019/11/7) 253ページ ISBN 978-4121506702
- 小池康寿 (November 2015). 日本人なら知っておきたい正しい家相の本. プレジデント社. ISBN 9784833421492. Search this book on
小池康寿 (November 2015). 日本人なら知っておきたい正しい家相の本. プレジデント社. ISBN 9784833421492. Search this book on
See Also[edit]
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