Hartman's Sign
Hartman's sign (Also known as the placental sign) is a physical indication of pregnancy.
The sign was initially discovered in 1920 by Doctors Joseph Long and Herbert Evans[1], who discovered it in pregnant rats where it was found to be most common 13-16 days after the start of the pregnancy. The sign was later discovered by Carl Hartman in 1928, who discovered it in rhesus macaques where it was found to be most common at 12-15 days[1].
Defined as vaginal bleeding within the first trimester of pregnancy, Hartman's sign[1]. This sign is not exclusive to a successful pregnancy, with ectopic pregnancies, miscarriages, blighted ovums, and molar pregnancies also being common causes for vaginal bleeding during pregnancy.[2]
Other early physical signs of pregnancy include Goodell, Hegar, Piskacek and Chadwick signs.
References
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Stafford, Edward Stephen (1930). "The origin of the blood of the 'placental sign'". The Anatomical Record. 47 (1): 43–57. doi:10.1002/ar.1090470107. ISSN 1097-0185.
- ↑ "Causes of vaginal bleeding in pregnant women | Phyathai Hospital". Phyathai Hospital - Specialist Doctor and the source of health knowledge. Retrieved 2025-12-08.
