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Heinrich Schoeneich

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki



Heinrich Schoeneich
File:Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich.jpg
Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich, 2011
File:Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich.jpg
Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich, 2011
File:Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich.jpg
Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich, 2011
Born (1948-01-02) 2 January 1948 (age 78)
Datteln, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
🏡 ResidenceMunich
🏳️ NationalityGerman
💼 Occupation
Plastic Surgeon
📆 Years active  1984–present
🏢 OrganizationINTERPLAST-Germany e.V. / Munich Section
Known forHumanitarian Activist
Board member ofINTERPLAST-Germany e.V. Foundation; INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. / Munich Section; Children's Right Foundation; Myanmar Foundation
👩 Spouse(s)Sima Schoeneich
👶 Children2
🏅 AwardsBambi Charity Award, 2001
HonoursCross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, 2006
🌐 WebsiteINTERPLAST-Munich

Heinrich Johannes Schoeneich[1] (born January 2, 1948) is a German plastic surgeon, who founded and heads the Munich section of Interplast-Germany e.V.[2][3] He is also a photographer and humanitarian activist.

Life and work

Born in Datteln, North Rhine-Westphalia, Schoeneich grew up in a family of physicians. His father, internist Paul Schoeneich, practiced family medicine (GP) in Gelsenkirchen-Erle.[4] From 1965 to 1967, he attended the boarding school of Landschulheim Schloss Heesen.[5][6] From 1968 to 1974 he studied general medicine in Cologne and passed the state examination. He completed his clinical traineeships in Peru, Japan and the USA, among other countries, from 1972-1974.[7]

As a result of a key experience in the Peruvian Andean village of Coina in 1975, he began his studies in general and plastic surgery (amongst others with Ursula Schmidt-Tintemann[8]) at the Klinikum Rechts der Isar in Munich (1975-1986).[9] He received his doctorate in 1977.[10][11] From 1980 onwards, he travelled to so-called developing countries and to crisis regions in (Southeast-) Asia, Latin America and Africa, to treat the poor, especially children and adolescents. In 1984, Schoeneich joined Interplast-Germany e.V., a non-profit medical aid organisation. In 1990, he opened a clinic for plastic and aesthetic surgery in Munich, which he ran until Spring 2017. In 1994, he founded the Munich section of Interplast-Germany e.V. and carries out 3 to 4 humanitarian missions a year since. In 2004, he co-founded the Interplast Foundation for Humanitarian Plastic Surgery to promote long-term projects.[12]

Since 2012, he is lecturing on medical and ethical aspects of his humanitarian work at the Technical University of Munich. The lecture series “Humanitarian Missions and Internships in Developing Countries” is currently an optional part of the established medical curriculum.[13][14][15]

On behalf of Interplast-Germany e.V. and in recognition of his personal commitment in Afghanistan, he accepted the Bambi Charity Award of the Hubert Burda Media Group in 2001.[16][17] In 2003, his work was showcased in a documentary titled "Unter der Haut - Das zweite Leben von Dr. Schoeneich" ("Under the skin - The second life of Dr. Schoeneich").[18] In 2006, he received the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany[19] for his humanitarian work.[20][21][22][23]

He is married to Iranian Sima Schoeneich.[24] She is a surgical nurse, who worked in that capacity, as well as as a team coach and interpreter, during their joint missions.[18] They have two children. Katharina Schoeneich is an investment manager[25], volunteering for Interplast Munich in the areas of logistics and accounting[26], Moritz Schoeneich is a plastic and aesthetic surgeon.[27] Both participate in humanitarian missions of the Interplast section Munich.[28]

First war surgery mission - Thailand (1980)

For six weeks in Spring 1980, Schoeneich assisted in war surgery missions in refugee camps Khao-I-Dang and Non(g) Mak Mun between Thailand and Cambodia. He was a member of a medical team of the Soforthilfe e.V., a German non-governmental organization, privately established in Munich at the end of 1979 in response to the Cambodian refugee crisis. Initially in cooperation with Rupert Neudeck's committee "Ein Schiff für Vietnam" ("A Ship for Vietnam"), Soforthilfe e.V. porvided large-scale medical help on the ground during the so-called Emergency Period 1979-1981.[29][30]

In February 1980, the work of Soforthilfe e.V. and the committee "A Ship for Vietnam" was criticized by the German Red Cross. The latter's then General Secretary of the German Red Cross accused them of "unqualified amateur aid" and had their representatives summoned before the Bundestag Subcommittee for Humanitarian Aid in March 1980. The committee, however, advocated further support with government funding.[31]

In Deutsches Ärzteblatt, Schoeneich, along with three colleagues, described the extent of violence in the camps, military attacks and evacuations.[30][32]

War surgery missions - Pakistan | Afghanistan (1991-2004)

Responding to an appeal launched by the European Union in 1991, he flew to Peshawar, located in the Pakistan-Afghan border region, to support trauma surgeon Ortwin Joch[33], Interplast colleague and member of the German Afghanistan Committee (DAK), in the treatment of refugees seriously injured during the Afghan civil war.[34]

It soon became apparent, that the usual frequency of their surgical missions was not sufficient to help the large number of people in need. Also, airlifting the badly injured to Germany, at a cost of 5,000 to 100,000 DM per patient, became financially prohibitive. The organisation Help-Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe e.V., the German Afghanistan Committee and Interplast-Germany e.V. therefore jointly initiated a project, at first subsidized by the Federal Foreign Office, to guarantee continuous help on site. Several medical teams now worked in fast succession for two weeks every month in two hospitals selected by Joch. Interplast Munich and the Interplast section Frankfurt organised most of these missions.[35]

In 1992, the Federal Foreign Office cut its funding, stating its "unwillingness to support permanent refugees". Thus, Help-Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe e.V., in charge of the administration in Germany, and the German Afghanistan Committee, responsible for the organizational tasks in Peshawar, withdrew from the project. The European Union then provided financial support, but at a far lower level. As a result, the number of teams had to be reduced.[36]

Afghanistan

When Kabul was taken by the Mujahideen in 1994, many refugees returned to Afghanistan to rebuilt the country. The Peshawar project also moved its activities from Pakistan to Afghanistan. Ongoing fighting between the troops of Ahmad Shah Massoud and growing Taliban militias made Kabul too insecure a place, so the mission was moved 120 kilometers east to Jalalabad. It was here that Schoeneich, with the Interplast section Frankfurt and the help of the German Embassy, financed the reconstruction and conversion of a destroyed building into what would become the world's second Interplast hospital.[37] It was inaugurated in September 1995 and, headed by Joch, throughout its existence, the only free-of-charge facility for reconstructive surgery in the region.[34]

Taliban regime

In September 1996, the Taliban conquered Jalalabad and Kabul and subjected the entire country to radical-islamist, fundamentalist oppression. While the political situation discouraged foreign aid workers, Interplast teams, again primarily Schoeneich and his Frankfurt colleagues, continued their surgical missions in Jalalabad. In October 1998, the European Union ceased funding the initiative, arguing, "it wouldn’t serve to save lives". Temporarily supported by the Federal Foreign Office, the hospital was finally confiscated by the Taliban, forcing the project to be aborted at the end of September 1999.[38]

September 11, 2001 and Bambi awards

Following the attacks of September 11, 2001, the Taliban once again moved into the focus of German media attention, as did outstanding initiatives and personalities engaged in Afghanistan. German nurse Carla Schefter, founder of a hospital in Chak-e-Wardak, and Interplast-Germany e.V. were awarded the Charity Bambi of the Hubert Burda Media Group in 2001 for their many years of medical aid in Afghanistan.[39][40] Schoeneich accepted the prize on behalf of Interplast-Germany. Burda thereby explicitly honored Schoeneich's personal humanitarian commitment.[41] The award was presented to him by actress and physician Maria Furtwängler on November 15, 2001 in Berlin.[42] The ceremony was, for the first time, aired live in German public television.

"War on Terror" since October 2001

Due to the ongoing war activities in Afghanistan and Iraq and the unsafe conditions to which he and his teams were exposed, Schoeneich ended his work in Afghanistan in 2004 and shifted his focus to Burma/Myanmar.

Burma - Republic of the Union of Myanmar (since 1997)

In 1995, he had met two Burmese scholarship holders in Munich, Paing Soe (Technical University) and Khin Maung Lwin (Ludwig-Maximilians-University). Two years later, through Lwin's mediation, Schoeneich was authorized by the Burmese Ministry of Health to conduct his first surgical mission in its then capital Yangon.[43]

Focus groups

Of 21 mission sites in Burma/Myanmar up to and including 2017, 14 were located in border districts inhabited mainly by "ethnic minorities", or adjacent to areas of armed conflicts.[44][45] The missions in Thai border regions (e.g., Sangkhlaburi) also served "ethnic minorities" persecuted by the Burmese military regime.[46] From 2005, the government granted Schoeneich regular missions in the so-called Golden Triangle.[47][48] While he had previously treated Muslim minority members of the Rohingya in Thandwe and Sittwe, from 2015 onward, he intensified his activities in the fiercely politically contested state of Rakhine.[49][50]

Cyclone Nargis

The night of May 2 to 3, 2008, Schoeneich witnessed Cyclone Nargis, one of the most severe tropical cyclones in the history of weather records.[51][52][53] In the early morning hours, a state of emergency was declared in Yangon. Like other foreign organizations, Interplast specialists were not allowed to enter the Irrawaddy Delta[54], the region most severely affected by the cyclone. "Forced to inaction", they flew back to Munich three days later. Due to a news embargo and the travel ban on foreign media representatives, journalists were already waiting for them at the airport.[55][56][57][58][59]

In cooperation with foundations also active in Burma/Myanmar such as the Myanmar Foundation[60], the Stiftunglife (Foundation Life) and the Amara Health Foundation[61][62], Schoeneich handled public relations, launched donation appeals and personally delivered emergency aid to the crisis region.[63][64] In cooperation with the Amara Health Foundation and the Stiftunglife, he initiated the clinic ship project "Swimming Doctors" in April 2009, which is still operating today.[65][66]

Journalist dispute

On 31 May 2008, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung published Alice Schwarzers article "Renewal from within - Why Burma needs true friends". The article challenged Western criticism of the Burmese military government's disaster management as post-colonialist and driven by political interests. To Schoeneich, who had been working there unhindered by the military regime for ten years, she referred to as such a "true friend", who had been warned well in advance of the storm, and so had the population in Yangon.[67]

Matthias Matussek, journalist and then head of the cultural section of the news magazine Der Spiegel, responded with an open letter on June 1, 2008. He condemned Schwarzer's reference to Schoeneich's freedom of movement, as his case did not reflect the harsh reality his fellow journalists faced in the country.[68] Tilman Zülch, Secretary General of the Society for Threatened Peoples (GfbV)) and supporter of the boycott measures, also wrote an open protest letter to Schwarzer on June 2, 2008.[69]

Sustainability project

Against the backdrop of progressive globalisation and neoliberal tendencies, Schoeneich had already advocated a change in the humanitarian aid system in 2003 and warned of "medical colonialism".[70]

For his main project Burma/Myanmar, he therefore used donations and endowments not only to provide individual surgical assistance, but also to advance the creation and expansion of wards for plastic surgery, equipment training and surgical workshops. He organized scholarships for Burmese colleagues as well as internships and clinical traineeships. He supported other NGOs in their work on the ground and inspired Burmese organizations to adopt the Interplast philosophy locally.[71]

In 2016, together with fourteen European and Burmese specialists, he evaluated extracranial treatment of frontoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles over a period of fifteen years. His doctoral supervisor Wolfgang Mühlbauer had developed this technique for patients in economically disadvantaged countries. After joint teaching operations, the procedures had since been performed by Myat Thu, head of the neurosurgery department at Yangon General Hospital. The results of the evaluation were published in the “American Journal of neurosurgery” in 2017.[72]

China (2006)

In 2004, Schoeneich performed surgery on the 15-year-old Chinese Xiao Liewen as a team member with his former professor Edgar Biemer[73][74], incrementally reconstructing the burnt right half of her face.[75] For the first time in medical history, the preformation of a nose on the lower abdomen and its transplantation into the face succeeded.[76][77] A German TV channel filmed the process and aired a documentary in the German TV show Galileo on March 23, 2006. In the wake of the documentary, donations increased markedly.[78][79] In 2008 and 2013, Galileo aired a follow-up on Liewen's health and professional development.[80][81]

During a two-week mission in China, conducted by Interplast sections Munich and Wiesbaden in June 2006, Schoeneich picked up Liewen in Shanghai and performed follow-up surgery on her in Xuzhou.[82]

Peace Missions

Schoneich's friend, Munich-based film producer Gabriela Sperl, gave him the idea of an Interplast Peace Mission, with which he abandoned the classic Interplast principle of political neutrality.[83] The two had seen the documentary "The Heart of Jenin", telling the story of Palestinian Ismail Khatib, whom they then invited to Munich for talks. Schoeneich, inspired by the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra, subsequently assembled a surgical team of Christian, Muslim and Jewish colleagues. Their mission was to take place in Summer 2011 in Jenin, West Bank.

On April 4, 2011 Juliano Mer-Khamis, Jewish-Palestinian director, activist and founder of "The Freedom Theater" in Jenin, was shot dead in broad daylight. Since Interplast local associates had also been threatened, the Palestinian Minister of Health moved the planned mission to Nablus, West Bank. From 23 June to 8 July, Schoeneich and his interreligious team performed surgery on 118 Palestinian patients who otherwise would not have had access to adequate plastic-reconstructive treatment.

On July 8, 2011, German daily Süddeutsche Zeitung (SZ) published an article on his mission, its achievements and challenges.[84]

A camera team from Bayerischer Rundfunk, headed by journalist Richard C. Schneider, accompanied the mission. The 30-minute documentary "Operation Peace" was broadcast on September 5, 2011, in Das Erste (ARD).[85] "Operation Peace" was mentioned again in Schneider's 2018 book on the so-called Middle East conflict.[86]

Significance for transsexual men

Schoeneich offered so-called gender-reassignment surgery not only to transsexual women, but also to transsexual men as early as the late 1980s.[87][88][89] [90] In 1976, his then professor Edgar Biemer had started gender-reassignment surgery in Germany, publishing scientific articles on that subject since 1979.[91][92]

Schoeneich and his associate Gisela Oeking described the surgical techniques they used at the time in the book "Im falschen Körper. Alles über Transsexualität" ("In the wrong body. Everything on Transsexuality"), published by Barbara Kamprad and Waltraud Schiffels in 1991.[93][94] To reduce the high risk of complications, Schoeneich abandoned urethral lengthening in 1993 and instead formed the penoid exclusively from the anterolateral thigh flap, or a flap from the lower abdomen.[95][96]

In 2010, his practice was one of seven clinics officially licensed to perform genital transformation in Germany.[97]

Photographic work

In 2004, Schoeneich exhibited a portrait series titled "Afghan Encounters" in Munich.[98]

In audio-visual presentations he juxtaposes landscapes, architecture and everyday motifs of his host countries with images of medical conditions induced by poverty and violence.[99]

In the aftermath of Cyclone Nargis, he captured the state of emergency and extent of destruction in Yangon, Burma/Myanmar. The series was published online on May 6, 2008 by two international photo press agencies.[100][101][102]

TV and radio (selection)

  • 1993 Zeil um Zehn, guest of Alice Schwarzer, subject: Transsexuality; HR.[103]
  • 2001 Die Zwei - Maischberger and Schmidbauer, subject: Deviators; BR.[104]
  • 2002 Johannes B. Kerner, guest of Johannes B. Kerner; ZDF.[105]
  • 2003 Unter der Haut - Das zweite Leben von Dr. Schoeneich, documentary film; ARD, Phoenix, BR.[106]
  • 2003 alpha-Forum, in conversation with Silke Yeomans; BR.[107]
  • 2006 Bavarian of the Year, Abendschau; BR.[108]
  • 2008 People of the week, guest of Frank Elstner; SWR.[109]
  • 2010 One to one. The talk - private conversations; Bayern 2.[110]
  • 2011 Operation Peace, documentary; ARD.[111]
  • 2012 Plastic Surgery: Between Beauty Mania and Reality; SPIEGEL TV THEMA.[112]

Press (selection)

External links

References

  1. ↑ The original (untranslated) titles of all German sources cited in this article can be found in the corresponding article of Wikipedia Germany under Einzelnachweise: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Schoeneich&stable=1
  2. ↑ "Interplast Info". Homepage INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. Retrieved 2019-10-18. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Interplast-Germany e.V. was founded in Frankfurt am Main in 1980 inspired by the basic concept of Interplast USA (the latter now called ReSurge International). Further Interplast organizations followed worldwide, e.g. in Australia, France and Italy. However, Interplast-Germany as a non-profit aid organization is neither formally, financially nor legally linked to those and acts independently in all matters. (This should be covered in more detail in the corresponding wikipedia articles, but is also evident from eg. the website of Interplast-Germany e.V. and other sources such as PDF p. 50, in german).
  4. ↑ "Dr. Heinz Schoeneich - Artist of a special kind". The interactive trace collection Gelsenkirchen history - socio-cultural aspects of yesterday and today. (in german). Gelsenkirchener Geschichten e.V. Retrieved 2018-04-04. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  5. ↑ Heimühle, Jürgen (2017-05-02). "60 Years LSH - Speech" (PDF) (in german). Landschulheim Schloss Heessen e.V. p. 18. Retrieved 2018-03-08. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  6. ↑ Girkens, Michael (2017-05-03). "A rather unexpected speech - 60th birthday ceremony of Landschulheim Schloss Heessen" (in german). Westfälischer Anzeiger. Retrieved 2019-08-13. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  7. ↑ "Biography Dr. med. Heinrich Schoeneich". Practice Schoeneich Munich (in german). Retrieved 2017-08-08. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  8. ↑ "Ursula Schmidt-Tintemann - Pioneer of Plastic Surgery in Germany". Researchgate. Retrieved 2019-09-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  9. ↑ "Biography Dr. med. Heinrich Schoeneich – Professional background". Practice Schoeneich Munich (in german). Retrieved 2017-08-08. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  10. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (1977). "Nerve anastomosis with magnetic half-rings (animal study on rabbits)". Doctoral thesis (in german). OPAC Library of Technical University Munich. Retrieved 2018-05-03. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  11. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (1977). "Nerve anastomosis with magnetic half-rings (animal study on rabbits)". Catalogue (in german). German National Library. Retrieved 2018-03-05. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  12. ↑ "Establishing the INTERPLAST-Foundation" (in german). INTERPLAST-Foundation. 2019. Retrieved 2018-10-08. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  13. ↑ "International Exchange". Technical University of Munich, Medical Education Center (TUM MEC) (in german). Retrieved 2019-10-01. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  14. ↑ Kargl, Lukas. "Humanitarian Missions - INTERPLAST-Germany e.V." (PDF). Technical University of Munich, Faculty of Medicine (in german). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-10-01. Retrieved 2019-10-01. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  15. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (2019). "Help, the helpers are coming! Humanitarian missions of Interplast-Germany e.V. in developing countries and crisis areas. A critical inventory" (PDF). TUM Medical Education Center (in German). Technical University Munich, Faculty of Medicine. Retrieved 2019-10-01. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)[permanent dead link]
  16. ↑ "Bambi Awards - Applause for the usual suspects". SPIEGEL Online (in german). Der SPIEGEL. 2001-11-16. Retrieved 2018-09-24.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  17. ↑ Klausmann, Rüdiger (2001). "Four BAMBIS for Gottschalk". BAMBI – Germany's most important media award (in german). Hubert Burda Media. Archived from the original on 2017-08-23. Retrieved 2017-07-07. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Schramm, Andrea. "Under the skin - The second life of Dr. Schoeneich" [The double life of Dr. Schoeneich]. Portfolio (in german). Schramm Matthes Film. Retrieved 2017-10-29. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  19. ↑ "Classes of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany with their official French, English, Spanish and Russian translations" (PDF). Federal Foreign Office of Germany. Retrieved 2019-10-04. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  20. ↑ Borsche, André; Schoeneich, Heinrich (2006). "Cross of the Order of Merit for Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich" (PDF). Annual report 2006, S. 4 u. 76 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2017-11-04. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  21. ↑ Information dated July, 10, 2019: "Our database indicates that Dr. Schoeneich was awarded the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in December 2006"., Ordenskanzlei, Bundespräsidialamt, Spreeweg 1, 10557 Berlin
  22. ↑ "Cross of the Order of Merit" (PDF). Bayerisches Ärzteblatt. 2007. Retrieved 2017-11-04. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  23. ↑ Klitzke, Kristina; Lüttenberg, Beate; Ferrari, Arianna; Ach, Johann S. (2011), Serving beauty? Interdisciplinary perspectives on aesthetic surgery. (in German), Aesthetic Surgery: A critical approach from an ethical point of view, Berlin-Münster-Vienna-Zürich-London: LIT Verlag, p. 128CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  24. ↑ von Schönborn, Felizitas (2006-06-14). "The two lives of a plastic surgeon" (PDF) (in german). Abendzeitung München. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-05-30. Retrieved 2018-05-28. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  25. ↑ Schoeneich, Katharina. "Profile". LinkedIn (in german). Retrieved 2019-09-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  26. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (2019). "Annual report 2017 Interplast Section Munich" (PDF). Current reports. Retrieved 2019-09-17. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  27. ↑ Schoeneich, Moritz. "Profile – Volunteer Work". LinkedIn (in german). Retrieved 2018-12-11. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  28. ↑ Joch, Ortwin (2001). "Afghanistan Mission in Chak-e-Wardak in May/June 2001" (PDF). Annual report 2001, Issue 16 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2017-10-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  29. ↑ Suenobu, Yumiko; Co-Autor: UNESCO Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (Thailand) (1995). "Management of education systems in zones of conflict-relief operations: a case-study in Thailand". UNESCO. Retrieved 2019-01-10. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Berdel, Wolfgang E.; Schoeneich, Heinrich; Wangerin, Konrad; Schüller, Paul (1980-12-20). ""Soforthilfe" in Cambodian refugee camps". Issue 51/52 (in German). Deutsches Ärzteblatt. Retrieved 2017-06-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) Caution: The linked article contains pictures that can be disturbing.
  31. ↑ "Unbelievably ridiculous - The German Red Cross opposing private aid organisations active in Cambodia". Spiegel Online (in german). DER SPIEGEL. 1980-03-10. Retrieved 2017-06-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  32. ↑ Beisel, Karoline Meta (2013-12-27), Plastic surgery is my passion (in german), Süddeutsche Zeitung, Print Edition, Munich: Süddeutscher VerlagCS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link). Online version no longer available.
  33. ↑ "It's unbearable - Samaritan Joch suffers" (in german). Hamburg Morning Post. 2001-10-09. Retrieved 2017-07-15. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Yeomans, Silke (2003-05-21). "Silke Yeomans talks to Heinrich Schoeneich". ARD alpha Educational Channel (in german). Bavarian Broadcasting. Retrieved 2017-07-18. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  35. ↑ Erös, Reinhard (2002), Hoffmann&Campe Kindle-Version, ed., Tea with the Devil - A German Military Doctor in Afghanistan (in german), Hamburg: Hoffmann&Campe Verlag GmbH, pp. , Position 1902 f; 1934 f, ISBN 978-3-455-85075-8CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  36. ↑ "25 years of INTERPLAST" (PDF). Annual report 2005, Issue 20 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. 2005. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  37. ↑ Joch, Ortwin (2000). "Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery for Afghans" (PDF). Annual report, issue 15 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. pp. 14 ff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2018-07-23. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  38. ↑ Etzold, Sabine (2001-09-27). "Children suffer the most" (PDF). Wissen, Issue 40 (in german). Die ZEIT. Retrieved 2018-06-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  39. ↑ "Bambi Gala – Amidst stars, glamour and contemplation" (PDF). Chak Hospital.org (in german). Stuttgarter Zeitung Online. 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-01. Retrieved 2017-09-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  40. ↑ "Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich - A new face for Yussuf". Talk im Bock - People with a story (in german). VHS Leutkirch e.V. 2001-12-10. Archived from the original on 2018-12-21. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
  41. ↑ Klausmann, Rüdiger (2001). "Four BAMBIS for Gottschalk". BAMBI – Germany's most important media award (in german). Hubert Burda Media. Archived from the original on 2017-08-23. Retrieved 2017-07-07. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  42. ↑ "Charity-BAMBI 2001 for INTERPLAST" (PDF). INTERPLAST-Germany, Annual report 2001, Issue 16 (in german). p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2017-11-06. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  43. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (2018-06-26). "My personal way of helping with Interplast". Passion Surgery 07/2018. Focus: Humanitarian missions abroad. Association of German Surgeons e.V. (in german). Retrieved 2018-11-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  44. ↑ Value derived from all online sources mentioned. Tabular overview of all missions can be added to the article for verification purposes. (M.v.E.)
  45. ↑ Myat, Khin (2009-10-05). "Interplast Germany conducts free operations". Myanmar Times. Retrieved 2018-11-18. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help) "Surgeons from the Munich section of Interplast Germany"
  46. ↑ Sünder, Heinz (2009-11-19). "At last a face again". Westfalenpost (in german). Funke Medien NRW GmbH. Retrieved 2017-07-28. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  47. ↑ Date inferred from the summary of all available sources used.
  48. ↑ MCA Admin (2018-02-28). "German Interplast Munich under the lead of Dr. Heinz Schoeneich @ Golden Triangle". Myanmar Chefs Association. Archived from the original on 2019-04-15. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  49. ↑ Htwe, Nan Tin (2011-01-24). "Free operations conclude in Thandwe". Myanmar Times. Myanmar Consolidated Media, Ltd. Retrieved 2017-05-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  50. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (2014). "Munich Section Report 2014" (PDF). Annual report 2015, Issue 29 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. pp. 50 ff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2017-06-08. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  51. ↑ Koophamel, Anne Kathrin (2008-05-06). "It's the Apocalypse". Abendzeitung München (in german). Abendzeitung München Verlags-GmbH. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  52. ↑ Kremb, Jürgen; Thielke, Thilo (2008-05-10). "Burma – As if the world was ending". Spiegel online (in german). Der SPIEGEL. Retrieved 2018-08-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  53. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (2008-06-03). "Myanmar, Interplast and the catastrophe" (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany, Munich Section. Retrieved 2017-07-18. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)[permanent dead link]
  54. ↑ "Burma-Crisis. Thousands of corpses decaying in the disaster zone". Spiegel online (in german). Der SPIEGEL. 2008-05-07. Retrieved 2018-08-11. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  55. ↑ "Reports Munich Section 2008" (PDF). Annual report 2008, Nr. 23 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. 2008. pp. 104 ff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-09-08. Retrieved 2017-05-11. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  56. ↑ Tafazoli, Schabnam (2008-05-06). "Eyewitness of the cyclone - "People were left to their fate"". Spiegel online, Panorama (in german). Der SPIEGEL. Retrieved 2018-07-23. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) Interview
  57. ↑ "Cyclone-Disaster – Streets full of corpses". Der Tagesspiegel online. Der Tagesspiegel, Berlin. 2008-05-06. Retrieved 2018-11-11. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  58. ↑ W., B. (2008-05-07). "High barriers to disaster relief in Burma". Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Nr. 105, 229. Jahrgang, Internationale Ausgabe (in german). NZZ Mediengruppe Zürich. Archived from the original on 2019-04-02. Retrieved 2019-04-02. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: Unfit url (link) Titelbild: H. Schoeneich
  59. ↑ König, Wilfried (2008-05-07). "Deadly calm in Birma". DIE WELT – Ausland, S. 7 (in german). Axel Springer Verlag. Archived from the original on 2019-04-02. Retrieved 2019-04-02. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: Unfit url (link) Artikelbild: H. Schoeneich
  60. ↑ "Soforthilfe". Myanmar Foundation – Further Projects (in german). Myanmar Foundation - Board of advisers. 2019. Retrieved 2018-03-13. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  61. ↑ Morawietz, Martina; Goldfuss, Hans (2008-06-15). "Myanmar after the Cyclone – One woman helping thousands" (Youtube video). ML Mona Lisa (in german). ZDF. Retrieved 2018-06-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  62. ↑ Morawietz, Martina; Goldfuss, Hans (2008-06-16). "Myanmar after the Cyclone – One woman helping thousands"; Current reports. (in German). Interplast-Section Munich. Retrieved 2017-05-05. ML Mona Lisa article no longer available on ZDF homepage.
  63. ↑ Gessner, Jürgen (2018-05-02). "Wednesday, May 2, 2018 - Today 10 years ago". Stiftunglife. Health: News on Swimming Doctors and Eye Surgeries (in german). Stiftunglife. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  64. ↑ "Mission reports 2008 Munich section" (PDF). Annual reports 2008, Nr. 23 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. 2008. pp. 104 ff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-09-08. Retrieved 2017-05-11. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  65. ↑ Schreiber, Kalayar; Schoeneich, Heinrich; Gessner, Jürgen (2009-04-01). "„Swimming Doctors" in the Burmese delta region". Current reports (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. Munich Section. Archived from the original on 2021-05-14. Retrieved 2018-05-18. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  66. ↑ "Longer-term humanitarian projects of INTERPLAST-Foundation. Mobile Clinic – Swimming Doctors – River Doctors in Burma" (PDF). Annual report 2012, Nr. 27 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. 2012. p. 42. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2018-10-10. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  67. ↑ Schwarzer, Alice (2008-06-01). "Renewal from within - Why Burma needs true friends" (in german). Frankfurter Allgemeine. Retrieved 2017-05-17. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  68. ↑ Matussek, Matthias (2008-06-01). "Schwarzer and Burma – Alice in Wonderland" (in german). Der SPIEGEL Online. Retrieved 2017-11-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  69. ↑ Zülch, Tilman (2008-06-02). "Alice Schwarzer mocks women and minorities in Burma. Open letter to women's rights activist" (in german). Society for Threatened Peoples, GfbV. Retrieved 2017-09-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  70. ↑ Beisel, Karoline Meta (2013-12-27), Plastic surgery is my passion. (in german), Süddeutsche Zeitung, Print Edition, Munich: Süddeutscher VerlagCS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  71. ↑ "Long-term humanitarian projects of the INTERPLAST-Foundation. Burma (Myanmar): Establishing care structures for plastic surgery" (PDF). Annual report 2012, Issue 27 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. 2012. p. 40. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2018-07-18. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  72. ↑ Heidekrueger, Paul; Thu, Myat; Mühlbauer, Wolfgang; Holm-Mühlbauer, Charlotte; Schucht, Philippe; Anderl, Hans; Schoeneich, Heinrich ; Aung Kyawzwa ; Ag, Mg Mg; Myint, Ag Thu Soe; Juran, Sabrina; Aung, Thiha; Ehrl, Denis; Ninkovic, Milomir; Broer, P. Niclas (2017). "Safe and sustainable: the extracranial approach toward frontoethmoidal meningo-encephalocele repair". Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics. Bd. 20, Heft 4. American Association of Neurological Surgeons; American Society of Pediatric Neurosurgeons. pp. 334–340. Retrieved 2018-10-08. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) full text online freely accessible, ibid.
  73. ↑ Schoeneich, H. (2004). "Relocating Chinese patient" (PDF). Annual report 2004, Issue 19 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2017-11-15. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  74. ↑ Biemer, Edgar (2019). "Press & Television" (in german). Retrieved 2018-11-11. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  75. ↑ Kovacs, L.; Zimmermann, A.; Wawrzin, H.; Seitz, H.; Schwenzer, K.; Papadopulos, N.A.; Brockmann, G.; Zeilhofer, H. F.; Biemer, E.; Schoeneich, H. (2004). "Possibilities of computer-assisted surgery planning for complex reconstructions after deep facial burns. - A case report" (PDF) (in german). INTERPLAST Germany e.V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2017-11-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  76. ↑ Preuk, Monika (2006-03-21). "Facial reconstruction - World's first nose built with human tissue". FOCUS Online (in german). Archived from the original on 2015-11-15. Retrieved 2018-08-29. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  77. ↑ zm online (2006-07-16). "A new face molded from patients' own abdominal tissue. Surgeons boost quality of life. - Microsurgeons at TU Munich reshape the disfigured face of a Chinese girl". issue 14/2006 (in german). zm – Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen. Retrieved 2017-05-28. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)[permanent dead link]
  78. ↑ ProSieben Television GmbH (2006-03-22). "German doctors give Xiao Liewen a new face". ProSieben Television GmbH (in german). Retrieved 2017-08-28. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  79. ↑ ProSieben (2006-03-23). "Face reconstruction: A new face for Xiao". Gallileo - Video (in german). ProSieben. Retrieved 2017-04-29. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  80. ↑ ProSieben (2008-11-24). "10 years 10 heroes: New face for Xiao". Gallileo (in german). ProSieben. Retrieved 2017-05-29.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  81. ↑ ProSieben (2013-11-22). "The girl with the new face". Gallileo (in german). ProSieben. Retrieved 2017-05-29.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  82. ↑ Alamuti, Nuri (2006). "Xuzhou China, Northern Jiangsu Province" (PDF). Annual report 2006, Issue 21 (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. pp. 75 ff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2018-08-28. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  83. ↑ § 10 (1980-10-17). "Statutes INTERPLAST-Germany e. V." (in german). INTERPLAST-Germany e.V. Archived from the original on 2019-04-22. Retrieved 2017-08-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  84. ↑ Münch, Peter (2011-07-08). "Risks and side effects of international cooperation at the operating table". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in german). Retrieved 2017-05-13. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  85. ↑ ARD (2011-09-05). "Program Overview - Operation Peace". ARD TV-Program (in german). Richard C. Schneider. Retrieved 2017-09-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  86. ↑ Schneider, Richard C. (2018), Everyday Life in a State of Emergency - My View of Israel; chapter: Filming with Plastic Surgeon Heinz Schoeneich: pp. 185 f. (in German), Deutsche Verlagsanstalt München, ISBN 978-3-641-16321-1CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  87. ↑ Schoeneich, H. "Gender-reassignment surgery" (in german). Retrieved 2018-06-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  88. ↑ "GAOP Female-to-Male". trans-infos.de (in german). Martin M. Waitz. 2019. Archived from the original on 2020-01-22. Retrieved 2018-06-24.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  89. ↑ "Phalloplasty - Overview". Informationsportal FtM (in german). 2009-01-31. Retrieved 2018-06-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  90. ↑ Steinmetz, Yves (2010). "Sex-reconciling surgeries on female-to-male transsexuals with phalloplasty. Comparison of different surgical techniques and assessment of surgical results" (PDF). Doctoral thesis (in german). Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf. p. 46. Retrieved 2017-06-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  91. ↑ Biemer, Edgar (2019). "My specialties in cosmetic surgery" (in german). Retrieved 2018-11-11. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  92. ↑ Steinmetz, Yves (2010). "Sex-reconciling surgeries on female-to-male transsexuals with phalloplasty. Comparison of different surgical techniques and assessment of surgical results" (PDF) (in Deutsch). Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf. p. 54. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  93. ↑ Schoeneich, Heinrich; Oeking, Gisela (1991), From woman to man - The challenged gender, In: In the wrong body. Everything on Transsexuality. Kamprad, Barbara; Schiffels, Waltraud (eds.), (in German) Kreuz Verlag, Zürich, pp. 154 - 162, ISBN 3-268-00121-1
  94. ↑ Becker, S.; Dannecker, M.; Hauch, M.; Schmidt, G.; Sigusch, V. , 1994, Book review, Journal for Sexual Research (in German), Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke Verlag, 7. Jhrg; Heft 1
  95. ↑ "Penoid formation in woman-to-man transsexuals. Description and comparison of current surgical techniques in Germany and Lausanne" (in german). 2009. Retrieved 2017-07-28.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  96. ↑ "Zeil um Zehn", Being Alice Schwarzer's guest, topic: Transsexuality. Hesse Broadcasting, January 15, 1993. hr-recording service, telephone information from November 3, 2017.
  97. ↑ Steinmetz, Yves (2010). "Sex-reconciling surgeries on female-to-male transsexuals with phalloplasty. Comparison of different surgical techniques and assessment of surgical results" (PDF). doctoral thesis (in german). Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf. p. 46. Retrieved 2017-06-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  98. ↑ We Bavarians - The afternoon magazine; Report 1: Dr. Heinrich Schoeneich's mission in Burma/Myanmar; Report 2: Exhibition of photographs from Afghanistan by Heinrich Schoeneich, BR, June 28, 2004.
  99. ↑ FIDUS (2002). "Happiness is easy" (PDF) (in german). Retrieved 2018-08-24.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  100. ↑ "Situation in Yangon after cyclone Nargis". European Pressphoto Agency. 2008-05-06. Retrieved 2018-11-11.
  101. ↑ "Cyclone 'Nargis' – Aftermath in Yangon/Myanmar". Newscom. 2008-05-06. Archived from the original on 2018-10-20. Retrieved 2018-11-11. Direct or permalink to the quoted page not supported. Please enter the search term "Heinrich Schoeneich" on the linked page instead.
  102. ↑ See also references Burma/Cyclone Nargis.
  103. ↑ "Zeil um Zehn", Being Alice Schwarzer's guest, topic: Transsexuality. Hesse Broadcasting, January 15, 1993. hr-recording service, telephone information from November 3, 2017.
  104. ↑ Talkshow, Bavarian Broadcasting, First aired 16 November 2001. BR-recording service, telephone information from November, 16, 2017.
  105. ↑ "Johannes B. Kerner – Episode dated 15 March 2002". IMDb – Movie/TV/Celebrity-Database. Amazon.com. 2002-03-15. Retrieved 2017-11-05.
  106. ↑ Schramm, Andrea. "Under the Skin – The second life of Dr. Schoeneich". Portfolio (in german). Schramm Matthes Film. Retrieved 2017-10-29. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  107. ↑ Yeomans, Silke (2003-05-21). "Silke Yeomans talks to Heinrich Schoeneich". ARD alpha Educational Channel (in german). Bavarian Broadcasting. Retrieved 2017-07-18. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  108. ↑ Die Abendschau, Heinrich Schoeneich – Bavarian of the Year, December 21, 2006, Bayerischer Rundfunk. BR-recording service, telephone information from November, 16, 2017.
  109. ↑ "Program information" (in german). Südwestrundfunk. 2008-05-17. Retrieved 2017-11-05. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  110. ↑ Podcast, First broadcast September 12, 2010, rerun January, 1, 2011. Listener service BR-Radio, telephone information from November, 17, 2017.
  111. ↑ ARD (2011-09-05). "Program information – Operation Peace". ARD TV-Program (in german). Richard C. Schneider. Retrieved 2017-09-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  112. ↑ "Plastic Surgery: Between Beauty Mania and Reality". SPIEGEL TV – excerpt (in german). Der SPIEGEL. 2012-05-12. Retrieved 2017-11-06. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) Broadcast on May 16, 2012, 8:15pm, SPIEGEL TV THEMA
  113. ↑ Miketta, Gaby (1996-11-25). "Plastic surgery - victim of the killer bacillus". Focus Online News - Health (in german). FOCUS Online Group. Archived from the original on 2018-12-21. Retrieved 2017-02-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
  114. ↑ Loerzer, Sven (2017-08-24). "Emergency medicine - When non-EU nationals are denied access to the healthcare system". Munich – Healthcare (in german). Süddeutsche Zeitung. Retrieved 2019-09-20. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)


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