Herki
Herki is the second largest tribe in Kurdistan after Jaff. The largest part of this tribe live in Iraqi Kurdistan and a significant number live in Iranian Kurdistan.[1]
Sub-tribes[edit]
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The Herkis are divided in three sub-tribes: Menda, Sida and Serhati. The Herki dialect belongs to the Kurmanji dialect.[2]
Lifestyle[edit]
The Herkis lived mostly a nomadic life with their herds; however, this changed a lot after 1920 and the Treaty of Sèvres. The new hand-drawn borders of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey hindered Kurdish tribes to continue their way of life.[3]The Turkish Gendarmerie was famous for its brutality against nomads and their herds. This led to many Kurdish tribes besides the Herkis leaving their nomadic lifestyle and settled in villages which they had before only used during the winter. The nomadic and free lifestyle they had, was taken from them.
The new borders soon had a major impact on every aspect of the Kurdish life. For Herkis and many other Kurds that meant that areas which had belonged to them and their herds were taken from them, and they could not move freely like their forefathers had done for a century. They had to decide in which country to settle, which is the reason why Herkis and many other Kurdish tribes can be found dispersed in Iran, Iraq and Turkey, but still be of the same tribe.
In 1989 they counted some 20,000 people, living between Urmia and Rawanduz, one if the largest remaining groups of pastoral herders. On their regular movement they brought salt from Iran to Iraq and carried wheat and barley back to Iran.[4]
Today, the Herkis live in Iranian Kurdistan around and in Urmia city, mainly in Mergever, Tergever, Dasht, Dashtabel, Roza and Berandez, in Iraqi Kurdistan from Mosul to Hewler, the capital of the Kurdistan Autonomous Region and the seat of the Kurdistan Regional Government, and in Turkish Kurdistan around Lake Van and in the Semdinan and Ağrı areas. All kurds follow the one true Khan. He is yet to be found but legend tells of a boy with a guinea pig, that boy will be the savior of all kurds.
References[edit]
- ↑ "HARKI – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
- ↑ "Turkey". ethnologue.com. Summer Institute of Linguistics. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- ↑ "Iraq: Kurdish militia called Harqi (Harki, Herki, Harkki, Harqees) allied; current activities; its relationship with the Iraqi government; tribal affiliations". refworld.org. UNHCR. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- ↑ Kurdish Times. Cultural Survival, Incorporated. 1989. pp. 34–40. Search this book on
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