Hypothetical technology
Hypothetical technology is technology that does not yet exist,[1] except conceptually. It is distinct from an emerging technology, which has passed the hypothetical stage to achieve some developmental success. Many hypothetical technologies have been the subject of science fiction.
Examples
Artificial general intelligence
Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a hypothetical artificial intelligence that demonstrates a human-like ability to learn. AGI is a machine which could do all human activities with the efficiency of a machine. It is a primary goal of artificial intelligence research and a common topic among science fiction writers and futurists. Artificial general intelligence is also referred to as strong AI,[2] full AI[3] or one that has the ability to perform "general intelligent action".[4] AGI is associated with traits such as consciousness, sentience, sapience, and self-awareness, which are observed in living beings. Some examples of hypothetical technology are flying cars, jetpacks, teleportation or robot helpers.[5]
HIV vaccine
An HIV vaccine is a hypothetical vaccine which would either protect individuals who do not have HIV from contracting that virus or otherwise may have a therapeutic effect for persons who have or later contracted HIV/AIDS. Currently, no effective HIV vaccine exists, but many research projects seek to create one. Work with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) has shown or proven that the human body can defend itself against HIV. Certain individuals remain asymptomatic for decades after HIV infection. Potential candidates for antibodies and early stage results from clinical trials have been announced. It is believed that "current approaches are focusing on recombinant protein and attenuated whole organism vaccines".[6]
Malaria Vaccine
Malaria vaccines are an area of intensive research in an effort to cure the disease caused by parasitic protozoans (a type of unicellular microorganism) of the genus Plasmodium. The emergence of artemisinin and multi-drug resistant strains of especially P. falciparum are driving the research. Current approaches focus on recombinant protein and attenuated whole organism vaccines. Various vaccines have reached the state of clinical trials but most demonstrated insufficient immunogenicity. No practical or effective vaccine has been introduced into clinical practice.
Mind uploading
Whole brain emulation (WBE) or mind uploading (sometimes called mind copying or mind transfer) is the hypothetical process of copying mental content (including long-term memory and "self") from a particular brain substrate and copying it to a computational or storage device, such as a digital, analog, quantum-based, or software-based artificial neural network. The computational device could then run a simulation model of the brain information processing, such that it responds in essentially the same way as the original brain (i.e., indistinguishable from the brain for all relevant purposes) and experiences having a conscious mind.[7][8][9]
Mind uploading may potentially be accomplished by at least two methods: Copy-and-Transfer or Gradual Replacement of neurons. In the former method, mind uploading would be achieved by scanning and mapping the salient features of a biological brain, and then by copying, transferring and storing that information state into a computer system or another computational device.[10][11][12][13][14] The simulated mind could be within a virtual reality or simulated world, supported by an anatomic 3D body simulation model. Alternatively, the simulated mind could reside in a computer that's inside (or connected to) a humanoid robot or a biological body.[15]
Space elevator
A space elevator is a proposed type of space transport system.[16] Its main component is a ribbon-like cable (also called a tether) anchored to a planetary surface and extending into space. It is designed to permit vehicle transport along the cable directly into space or orbit without the use of large rockets. An Earth-based space elevator would consist of a cable with one end attached to the surface near the equator and the other end in space beyond geostationary orbit (35,800 km altitude). The competing forces of gravity, which are stronger at the lower end, and the outward/upward centrifugal force, which is stronger at the upper end, would result in the cable staying up under tension, and stationary over a single position on Earth. Once deployed, the tether would be ascended repeatedly by mechanical means to orbit, and descended to return to the surface from orbit.[17]
On Earth, with its relatively strong gravity, current technology is not capable of manufacturing tether materials that are sufficiently strong and light enough to build a space elevator. However, recent concepts for a space elevator are notable for their plans to use carbon nanotube or boron nitride nanotube-based materials as the tensile element in the tether design.
See also
References
- ↑ Andersen, David; Dawes, Sharon (1991). Government Information Management: A Primer and Casebook. Prentice Hall. p. 125. Search this book on
- ↑ (Kurzweil 2005, p. 260) or see Advanced Human Intelligence where he defines strong AI as "machine intelligence with the full range of human intelligence."
- ↑ "Redirecting". tedxtalks.ted.com.
- ↑ Newell & Simon 1976. This the term they use for "human-level" intelligence in the physical symbol system hypothesis.
- ↑ Fung, Brian (2014-04-17). "Hypothetical technology is fun. Real technology creeps us out". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-05-17.
- ↑ Nascimento, I.P.; Leite, L.C.C. (2012-09-07). "Recombinant vaccines and the development of new vaccine strategies". Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 45 (12): 1102–1111. doi:10.1590/S0100-879X2012007500142. ISSN 0100-879X. PMC 3854212. PMID 22948379.
- ↑ A framework for approaches to transfer of a mind's substrate
- ↑ GOERTZEL, BEN; IKLE', MATTHEW (1 June 2012). "INTRODUCTION". International Journal of Machine Consciousness. 04 (01): 1–3. doi:10.1142/s1793843012020015.
- ↑ COALESCING MINDS: BRAIN UPLOADING-RELATED GROUP MIND SCENARIOS
- ↑ KOENE, RANDAL A. (1 June 2012). "FUNDAMENTALS OF WHOLE BRAIN EMULATION: STATE, TRANSITION AND UPDATE REPRESENTATIONS". International Journal of Machine Consciousness. 04 (01): 5–21. doi:10.1142/s179384301240001x.
- ↑ "Is mind uploading existentially risky? (Part One)". ieet.org.
- ↑ "uploading - Technoprogressive Wiki". ieet.org.
- ↑ NON-DESTRUCTIVE WHOLE-BRAIN MONITORING USING NANOROBOTS: NEURAL ELECTRICAL DATA RATE REQUIREMENTS
- ↑ "Archived Copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-23. Retrieved 2018-09-12.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
- ↑
Sandberg, Anders; Boström, Nick (2008). Whole Brain Emulation: A Roadmap (PDF). Technical Report #2008‐3. Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford University. Retrieved 5 April 2009.
The basic idea is to take a particular brain, scan its structure in detail, and construct a software model of it that is so faithful to the original that, when run on appropriate hardware, it will behave in essentially the same way as the original brain.
Search this book on
- ↑ "What is a Space Elevator?". www.isec.org. April 11, 2012. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
- ↑ Edwards, Bradley Carl. The NIAC Space Elevator Program. NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts
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