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Idol goods

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki


Idol goods[edit | edit source]

'Goods' is a word that is used throughout the entire culture of the fandom, including celebrities, dramas, movies, novels, and animations. Goods is a term that came from Japan where the star industry was developed.[1] Cups, photo collections, and postcards that the entertainment company makes using the image of an idol singer are the most popular types of goods.[1] Idol Goods is a symbolic means of showing that he is a fan of someone.[2] Therefore, Idol Goods is a symbolic product. It has both value as a product and value as a symbol of idol stars and their fandom. Therefore, the goods in the fandom have characteristics that are traded differently from ordinary goods.[3]

History[edit | edit source]

1990s: First-generation Pandom[edit | edit source]

The idol group's fandom, which debuted in the late 1990s and was active until the mid-2000s, is called the 'first-generation fandom'. In the first generation, the star was the idol of the fans, and showing their unsparing support and passion towards them was a way of expressing affection for the star.[1] The main members of the fandom were teenage women. [4] After joining the fan club, they received necessary items for fan club activities such as raincoats and balloons in the representative color of the fan club and actively utilized them for fan activities. The first -generation fandom, the Goods were used as a standard for discrimination in order to build group identity through discrimination between the two.[1] Examples include raincoats, balloons, and so on, which consist of certain colors.[4] The big part of the fan activity was to take the time to find out where the stars are going and cheer them up.[3]


2000s: Second-generation Pandom[edit | edit source]

The fandoms of idol groups that have appeared since the mid-2000s are called โ€˜second-generation fandom.โ€™ The second generation will be a little different from the first generation. [1] In addition to the Goods that people receive from fan clubs, second-generation fandom also offer a wide variety of items that entertainment companies sell to fans.[1] Various forms of clothing, stationery, and everyday goods as well as supporting products such as balloons have evolved widely.[5]


Category[edit | edit source]

Idol Big Bang's concert - fans are holding cheering sticks.

Balloon[edit | edit source]

Idol TVXQ's Concert - The color of the cheering stick is red.

Until the early 2000s, fans used balloons to cheer for idol singers. What matters in a balloon is the color of the balloon.[1] Each idol has its own color. When performing, fans cheer with balloons of colors from idol groups. First-generation fandom used original balloons.[6] They preferred a vibrant and vivid color that stood out from afar.[7]

Cheering stick [edit | edit source]

The most popular Idol Goods is โ€˜Cheering stickโ€™. Until the early 2000s, fans used balloons to cheer for idol singers, but in the late 2000s, cheering sticks appeared.[8] The cheering stick is a portable lamp designed to suit the image of each idol and is usually used as a cheering tool in concert halls.[9] The cheering stick is evolving by adding cutting-edge hologram technology to LEDs that can illuminate lights as well as unique designs that feature each idol group.[8] Also, the cheering stick has a bluetooth feature, which allows the organizers to control the lights. Connect the cheering stick to Bluetooth via smartphone and enter your seat number into a dedicated application.[10] Based on this, the performance staff outputs the desired color light to the desired seats.[10] There is also a nickname for fans who sing the cheering stick. Big Bang's cheering stick is called Bengbong, TWICE's cheering stick is called Candy Bong because it is shaped like a lollipop, EXO's cheering stick is called Eridibong, and BTS' cheering stick is called Amibam. [11]

General merchandise

In the past, the only things that the singer's face was printed on were her books and concerts, and balloons and raincoats, but these days, the Idol Goods has evolved widely into lifestyle products ranging from food, clothing to information technology devices.[3] Kinds of Idol goods tend to vary day by day. There are no areas where the good goes on, from everyday items such as eco bags, candles, pouchs and diffusers to kitchen items such as apron, bowls, mugs, and tumblers.[9] CU, which is a convenience store, released "Wanna One" transportation card, LED name fan, and umbrella while another convenience store is selling "TVXQ" three-tier umbrella and "Red Velvet" plastic umbrella. The food industry is no exception.[12] There are also a growing number of collaboration products such as EXO Ramen, SHINee carbonated water, and Red Velvet Nuts.[9]

Source[edit | edit source]

Some types of goods are official and unofficial. The official goods is the one that is officially sold by the company's management company, while the unofficial goods is made and sold by fans themselves.[1]

Official Goods[edit | edit source]

Initially, the production of these goods was led by an agency of an idol star. A case in point is that fans of first-generation idol groups such as H.O.T. have bought products such as color balloons and raincoats that symbolize stars.[2] Goods, which was produced through planning of an agency, is called official goods.[1] As mentioned earlier, the goods have symbolic value along with the value of the product, which is sold at a higher price than the same kind of product.[2] The value of the symbol is added to the value of the commodity in general. If you look at the prices of official goods, a ballpoint pen with a logo will sell for 6,000 won, and a jumper with a Star photo of 175,000 won.[2] The price is relatively high compared to the price of the same kind of commodity. Fandom members appreciate the symbolic value of these official goodies and show loyal purchases.[13]

Fan Production[edit | edit source]

Members of the fandom have begun to form a negative discourse about formal goods. This is because official goods are of lower quality than expensive prices.[2] What started with this negative attitude was the so-called 'non-official goods' product, a fan-making product produced by the fans themselves.[14] Fans produce similar types of products, such as dolls, umbrellas, mugs, calendars, DVDs, and photobooks, which are not only cheaper than official ones, but are also produced in quality equivalent to official ones. In addition, unofficial goods have the advantage of being made to personal tastes.[15] For example, photo books that are produced as official goods contain pictures of all the members of an idol group, while photo books that are made as unofficial goods are produced by only one member. For Fandom members who only like certain members, the fragmented nature of these unofficial goods has a higher product value.[1] The unofficial goods secured the market within the fandom by supplementing the limits of the product value of the official goods. [16]

Domestic Market Size[edit | edit source]

Currently, the Korean idol goods industry is estimated to have surpassed 100 billion won. According to the Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency in 2016, the market for idol goods and portrait rights was about 75 billion won. Given that SM Entertainment's sales related to idol goods increased significantly from about 29 billion won in 2014 to about 58 billion won in 2015, the size of the related market is also expected to expand faster.[17] Major entertainment agencies in Korea are opening and operating official online shopping malls to keep pace with the growing Goods market. In 2015, SM opened a six-story SM COEX Art Center next to COEX in Samsung-dong. FNC Entertainment also started operating 'FNC Wow' in Myeong-dong last year. YG Entertainment is about to open YG Town in Jeju Island.[18] The goods sold are also diversifying. Bangtan's official online shopping mall includes albums, posters, postcards, cheering sticks, and other basic items, and sells a variety of Daiso-like items such as hair bands, cell phone cases, bags, pouchs, kissing, and scarves. Not only were jumpers priced at 100,000 won, but popular products such as hats, badges, bracelets and calendars sold out.[18] The retail industry is also working with entertainment agencies to produce idol products. SK Planet's 11th Street sold its image products of SM girl group Red Velvet and boy group SHINee member Tae-min on August 8. Lotte Mart also sold a 248,000 won set of 11-person figures at 11 stores with a limited limit of 200 pieces per store, but sold out just two hours after it started making reservations. "The market for Idol products has unlimited growth potential," said Kim Soo-kyung, head of the MD3 division of SK Planet. Some entertainment agencies are also increasing their investment in the idol product business. SM established its own brand called 'SUM Market' and is selling it at 'SM Town', which is a complex cultural space in COEX. YG put up Moon shot, a cosmetics brand. "As the music video market is in a slump, it is becoming difficult to make profits with just albums and performances," a source from the entertainment industry said. "The related product business is a stable revenue source that can be sold even when the singer is not active."[19]

Overseas Market Response[edit | edit source]

Korea's 11th Street, which is an open market, was ranked first with 30.7 percent of Taiwan's customers, after analyzing the percentage of customers who purchased idol goods from January to May 2018. Japan ranked second with 10.8 percent, followed by the United States with 10.6 percent, China with 6.6 percent and Hong Kong with 6.2 percent.[20] Taiwan's customers mainly purchased goods from Super Junior, SHINee, TVXQ and Black Pink, while Eun Ji-won from Japan, GOT7 from the U.S., Super Junior from China, and EXO Goods from Hong Kong. Fashion items that can be used in everyday life such as cheering sticks, photo cards, T-shirts, passport cases and others were chosen as popular items.[20] In the overseas market, the Korean Wave has created a "reverse movement" in the Goods market as more overseas fans are looking to purchase Korean idol goods.[21] The "reverse movement" is a way for foreign consumers to directly purchase products from online shopping malls in Korea.[22] On-line shopping channel 11th Street is also emerging as a channel for purchasing Korean wave products. The 11th Street is being actively used as a global distribution channel as more overseas fans are looking to purchase Korean idol goods due to the Korean wave and a "reverse movement" in the Goods market.[23]

Purchase method[edit | edit source]

Pop-up store[edit | edit source]

POP-UP STORE is emerging as a major marketing tool in the department store industry.[24] Pop-up stores are short-lived stores. It is a kind of temporary store, which is advantageous for word-of-mouth marketing and has the advantage of being able to express the brand's characteristics in detail. Recently, it seems that it is maximizing the effect of visitors by expanding its product search beyond products from small businesses to popular characters, idol stars, and IT products.[24]

SM Artium

SM Entertainment (SM), which represents K-pop, opened the "SM Town COEX Artium," a complex cultural space, at COEX in Samseong-dong, Seoul on Wednesday.[25] SM Town COEX Artium consists of a total of six floors.[25] The six-story building is composed of a professional shop where you can purchase various kinds of goods, an experience studio where you can practice vocal training, dance, and shoot photos with professional staff, and a hologram theater.[26] It is an opportunity to express one's feelings in various ways, and it is a great pleasure to see the arrangement of chairs that are often changed for the anniversary of their artists, as well.[26]

YG Town

Jeju Island, which has emerged as a "healing island," is also holy ground to K-pop fans. The Xinhua theme park, which recently opened in Jeju Island, is a Korean version of Disneyland. In November, YG Entertainment will open a "YG Town" where GD Cafรฉ and Bowling Club, which participated in G-Dragon's design, will be held here.[27] In addition, YG is opening pop-up stores in various parts of Seoul to meet the schedule of its singers' comebacks and debuts. The store can participate in various events and buy the goods of its own artist.[26]

FNC WOW

FNC Entertainment held a 'FNC WOW' in Myeong-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul last month. The cafรฉ menu with the names of artists such as CNBlue, Berry Cake and other artists can see and experience the contents of their own artists such as FT Island and AOA.[24] Backstage and powder rooms were retro-style in the 1970s and 1980s, making them an exotic place for non-artist fans.[26]

20SPACE

Cube Entertainment is also operating a cafe on the first floor of its office building in Seongsu-dong, Seongdong-gu. He changed his name to "20SPACE," but it is still more often called "Cube Cafรฉ." In "20SPACE," the restaurant sells the entire menu for 3,000 won from the opening hours to 2 p.m. on weekdays, making it easy for K-pop fans as well as nearby company employees.[28] The cafe will release a special menu based on the concept of a fan club and a Cube singer. On the wall of the store, music videos of the singers from the Cube are played continuously, and goods are also sold.[26]

E-shop[edit | edit source]

The "Idol goods" market, which used to be sold only through an agency in the past, is now moving online.[29] The online market is actively used as a distribution channel for idol group 'Goods'.[30] The online industry has signed a contract with an idol group to sell the goods alone. Auction previously sold the official goodies of Big Bang's concert. It sold its official cheering stick, "10th anniversary headkit," "Big Bang Light Fingering," and "Big Bang Auxiliary Battery VER.2," which can be used as a mini light bar.[30]

In addition, SK Planet's 11th Street has become the official online venue for the concert "Goods" by EXO, the Korean idol group with the largest fan dum in Korea. Seven products are sold at 11th Street, including new name tags, official shirts, and masks for EXO in 2017.[29] In addition to a wide range of fashion magazines such as wrist accessories, Sloganthaol, and PhoneCases, 30 best-selling goods including EXO performance brochures, postcards, bromide, candles, picnic mats and mugs will be sold as well. The reason why online commerce companies continue to collaborate with their management companies is because idol goods have been in short supply and have a strong effect on increasing profitability.[31]

Perspective[edit | edit source]

Negative View[edit | edit source]

Some in the retail industry say that the marketing of idol goods has become a "backbone-breaker."[32] This is because they can only participate in fan signing events if they purchase a certain amount of idol goods or give them a chance to apply. Even if there is no big burden in purchasing single products, it will be able to lose even 1 million won in a short period of time.[32] While companies are rushing to market idol goods, some point out that they are using their fandom to overdo business. In December last year, Lotte Confectionery was criticized for being too much of a gimmick due to the "Wonner One Fan signing event" with Yohai. If you certify your purchase of snacks that cost more than 10,000 won, you can apply for the event, but you can't check the results right away, and there were no restrictions on the number of applications or the age group.[33] There was a diversity of opinions among fans about Goods. While expressing delight in the ability to own a variety of goods, he also complained that the company is conducting excessive marketing by presenting the image of idol stars by setting a high price for the title of "Goods."[33]


Excessive commercialization can cause controversy. Among other goods such as Key-ring, cheering stick, umbrella, card, shirt, and fans, a huge cushion 180cm long and 60cm wide was controversial. The members of girl group GFRIEND were made of cushions and criticized for being a "Sex commercialization." When a boycott broke out among fans, the agency immediately stopped producing and selling.[34] As idol goods are sometimes controversial, retail companies are expected to jump on the bandwagon to promote them.[27] "Although there are criticisms about this, consumers can spend more reasonable amount of money if they choose products that they need while considering the contents of events." said a representative for an industry.[27]

  1. โ†‘ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 ์œค (Yoon), ์ˆ˜์ง„ (Soo Jin) (2016). "ํŒฌ๋ค ๋‚ด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ(Goods) ์ œ์ž‘ ํ™œ๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ : EXOํŒฌ๋“ค์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ". ์ค‘์•™๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ.
  2. โ†‘ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 ์ง€ (Ji), ํ˜œ๋ฏผ (Hye-min) (2016). "์•„์ด๋Œ ํŒฌ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ƒํ’ˆํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณธ ํŒฌ๋ค์˜ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜ํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ". ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ.
  3. โ†‘ 3.0 3.1 3.2 ์—ญ (Yuk), ์—ผ๋ฐฉ (Yum Bang) (2018). "๊ตฟ์ฆˆ ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๋งค์˜๋„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ = The Influence of the Perceived Value of "Goods"-goods on Perchasing Intention". ์ „๋‚จ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ.
  4. โ†‘ 4.0 4.1 ์ด (Lee), ์ œํ›ˆ (Jae Hoon) (2018-10-14). "H.O.T ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋กœ ๋ณธ 1์„ธ๋Œ€ ์•„์ด๋Œ ํŒฌ๋ค ๋ฌธํ™”". ๋‰ด์‹œ์Šค.
  5. โ†‘ ์ตœ (Choi), ์ง€์œค (Ji Yoon) (2018-03-03). "๋ฐฉํƒ„์†Œ๋…„๋‹จ VS ์—‘์†Œ... 1000์–ต ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ ์ „์Ÿ". ํ•œ๊ตญ์Šคํฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ.
  6. โ†‘ ์ „ (Jeon), ์†Œ์˜ (So Young) (2018-05-19). "[ํŒฌ๋ค์— ๋น ์ง„ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญโ‘ข] ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ์•Œ ๋‚ณ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์œ„ '์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ ์‚ฐ์—…'". ํˆฌ๋ฐ์ด์‹ ๋ฌธ.
  7. โ†‘ ๋‚จ (Nam), ์ง€์€ (Ji Eun) (2016-12-20). "์•„์ด๋Œ ์ƒ‰๊น” ์ „์Ÿ". ํ•œ๊ฒจ๋ก€.
  8. โ†‘ 8.0 8.1 ์กฐ (Cho), ํ˜„์ • (Hyun Jung) (2017-08-01). ""์—‘์†Œ ๋ผ๋ฉด' ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”"โ€ฆ1000์–ต ๊ทœ๋ชจ '์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ'์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„". ์กฐ์„ ๋น„์ฆˆ.
  9. โ†‘ 9.0 9.1 9.2 ๊ฐ• (Gang), ๋‚˜์—ฐ (Na Yeon) (2018-07-19). "์‘์›๋ด‰๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 3Dํ”ผ๊ทœ์–ด๊นŒ์ง€โ€ฆ๋ถˆํ™ฉ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” '์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ'์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„". ํ•œ๊ฒจ๋ก€.
  10. โ†‘ 10.0 10.1 ์šฐ (Woo), ์˜ํƒ (Young Tak) (2018-08-30). "๋ธ”๋ž™ํ•‘ํฌ '๋ฟ…๋ด‰' BTS '์•„๋ฏธ๋ฐค' ์—‘์†Œ '์—๋ฆฌ๋””๋ด‰'โ€ฆ์‘์›๋ด‰์ด ์ถค์ถ”๋„ค". ์„œ์šธ๊ฒฝ์ œ.
  11. โ†‘ ๊น€ (Kim), ๋ฏธ์–‘ (Mi Yang) (2018-07-16). "๋น…๋ฑ…-๋ฐฉํƒ„์†Œ๋…„๋‹จ-์•„์ด์œ  ๋“ฑ ์•„์ด๋Œ ๋น„์ถ”๋Š” ํŒฌ๋ค๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ์ƒ์ง• '์‘์›๋ด‰'". ์‹œ์„ ๋‰ด์Šค.
  12. โ†‘ ์ด (Lee), ์œ ์ • (You Jeong) (2018-12-03). "2030 ์žก๋Š” ์‹ํ’ˆ์—…๊ณ„ '๊ตฟ์ฆˆ' ๋ฐ”๋žŒ". ํ—ค๋Ÿด๋“œ๊ฒฝ์ œ.
  13. โ†‘ ์กฐ (Cho), ์€์•„ (Eun A) (2018-04-29). "์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‘ฅ์‘ฅ ์ปค์ ธ, ์ƒ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž๋Š” ์”์“ธ". ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šคํฌ์ŠคํŠธ.
  14. โ†‘ ์ตœ (Choi), ์€์˜ (Eun Young) (2017-09-17). "'๊ตฟ์ฆˆ' ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋Ÿ‰ 1์œ„๋Š” ์›Œ๋„ˆ์›โ€ฆ์—‘์†Œ, ๋ฐฉํƒ„ ์ œ์ณค๋‹ค". ์ด๋ฐ์ผ๋ฆฌ.
  15. โ†‘ ์ด (Lee), ๊ฒฝํฌ (Gyung Hee) (2014-01-27). "ํŒฌ๋“ค์ด ์ง์ ‘ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ โ€ฆ ํŒ๋งค ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ๋งŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ณณ". JTBC.
  16. โ†‘ ๊น€ (Kim), ์žฌ์„ฑ (Jae Sung) (2015-02-10). "์•„์ด๋Œ ์ƒํ’ˆ DIY์กฑโ€ฆ "์˜ค๋น ๋“ค ๋ชจ์Šต ๋‚˜๋งŒ์˜ '๊ตฟ์ฆˆ'๋กœ ๊ฐ„์งํ•ด์š”"". ๋™์•„์ผ๋ณด.
  17. โ†‘ ๊น€ (Kim), ํฌ์ค€ (Hee Joon) (2018-02-02). "์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” '์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ'โ€ฆ์—‡๊ฐˆ๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ์‹œ์„ ". ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ €๋„ e.
  18. โ†‘ 18.0 18.1 ์ด (Lee), ํ˜œ์šด (Hye Woon) (2017-09-03). "์•„์ด๋Œ๋งŒํผ ์‘ฅ์‘ฅ ํฌ๋Š” '์•„์ด๋Œ ์ƒํ’ˆ'". ์กฐ์„ ๋น„์ฆˆ (ChosunBiz).
  19. โ†‘ ๊น€ (Kim), ๋ฒ”์„ (Bum Suk) (2010-04-24). "[A+๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ]'์‚ฐ์—…'์œผ๋กœ ์ปค์ง„ ์•„์ด๋Œ๊ทธ๋ฃน, ๊ทธ ์†์— ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ „๋žต". ๋™์•„์ผ๋ณด(DongA).
  20. โ†‘ 20.0 20.1 ์ด (Lee), ์ •ํ˜ (Jung Hyuk) (2018-06-25). "ํ•œ๊ตญ ์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ, ๋Œ€๋งŒ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ตฌ๋งค โ€ฆ์Šˆ์ฃผยท์ƒค์ด๋‹ˆยท๋™๋ฐฉ์‹ ๊ธฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ". ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์กฐ์„  (Sports Chosun).
  21. โ†‘ ์ด (Lee), ๊ธธ์ฃผ (Kil-joo) (2018-07-11). "์•„์ด๋Œ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ์•„์„ธ์š”? ์œ ํ†ต์—…๊ณ„, ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ๋กœ ๋ชธ์ง‘ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ธฐ". ํ‚ค๋‰ด์Šค (KINEWS).
  22. โ†‘ ๋งค๊ฒฝ๋‹ท์ปด. "์—ญ์ง๊ตฌ".
  23. โ†‘ ์œค (Yoon), ์ง€ํ˜œ (Ji Hye) (2018-06-25). "้Ÿ“ ์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ ํฐ์†์€ ๋Œ€๋งŒโ€ฆ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ 11๋ฒˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์•ก '์‘ฅ์‘ฅ'". ์•„์ด๋‰ด์Šค24.
  24. โ†‘ 24.0 24.1 24.2 ๋ฐ• (Park), ์„ฑ์˜ (Sung Eui) (2018-01-15). ""ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋งŒ์— ๋งค์ถœ 10์–ต"โ€ฆ ๋ฐฑํ™”์  ๋ณต๋ฉ์ด ๋œ 'ํŒ์—…์Šคํ† ์–ด'". ์ด๋ฐ์ผ๋ฆฌ(EDaily).
  25. โ†‘ 25.0 25.1 ์ด (Lee), ์ •ํ˜ (Jung Hyuk) (2015-01-13). "[์—”ํ„ฐ๋น„์ฆˆ]์ง์ ‘ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ SMํƒ€์šด ์ฝ”์—‘์Šค ์•„ํ‹ฐ์›€, ๋จน๊ณ -์‚ฌ๊ณ -์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— '์˜ค์ผ€์ด'". ์กฐ์„ ๋น„์ฆˆ.
  26. โ†‘ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 26.4 ์˜ค (Oh), ์†Œ์˜ (So Young) (2017-10-06). "SM์•„ํ‹ฐ์›€ยทYGํƒ€์šดโ€ฆ'๋Œ๋•'์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋ณผ๋งŒํ•œ ์„ฑ์ง€ 7๊ณณ". ์‹ฑ๊ธ€&์‹ฌํ”Œ๋ผ์ดํ”„ ๋งค๊ฑฐ์ง„.
  27. โ†‘ 27.0 27.1 27.2 ๊น€ (Kim), ์€์˜ (Eun Young) (2017-12-19). "'๋ฐ˜์ง ๋œจ๋‹ˆ ๋ถ์ ์ด๋„ค'โ€ฆ๋ถˆํ™ฉ์—๋„ ํ˜ธ์‘์–ป๋Š” ํŒ์—…์Šคํ† ์–ด". ์กฐ์„ ๋น„์ฆˆ (ChosunBiz).
  28. โ†‘ ๊น€ (Kim), ์ธ๊ตฌ (In Goo) (2017-09-18). "GD์นดํŽ˜ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์—‘์†Œ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ ์‚ฌ๊ณ โ€ฆ ์•„์ด๋Œ ํ…Œ๋งˆํŒŒํฌ ๋œฌ๋‹ค". ๋ฌธํ™”์ผ๋ณด (Munhwa).
  29. โ†‘ 29.0 29.1 ํ•œ (Han), ์ง€๋ช… (Ji Myung) (2017-05-12). "[๊ธฐํš] ํ‹ฐ๋ชฌxํ”„๋กœ๋“€์Šค101 ์‹œ์ฆŒ2, 11๋ฒˆ๊ฐ€x์—‘์†Œโ€ฆ "์•„์ด๋Œ ํ’ˆ์€ e์ปค๋จธ์Šค์—…๊ณ„"". ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์ด์ฝ”๋ฏน (globalecomic).
  30. โ†‘ 30.0 30.1 ""์˜ค๋น  ์‘์›๋ด‰ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”" ์•„์ด๋Œ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ, ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์‡ผํ•‘์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค". ํ—ค๋Ÿด๋“œ๊ฒฝ์ œ. 2017-04-17.
  31. โ†‘ ์ตœ (Choi), ์„ ์œค (Sun Yoon) (2017-11-14). "E์ปค๋จธ์Šค๊ธฐ์—…, ์—”ํ„ฐ์—…๊ณ„์™€ ํ˜‘์—… '์†๋„'โ€ฆ"์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ ์ธ๊ธฐ"". ๋‰ด์‹œ์Šค (Newsis).
  32. โ†‘ 32.0 32.1 ์ด (Lee), ์†Œ์—ฐ (So-yeon) (2017-09-09). "๋ฐฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ผฝ '์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ'โ€ฆ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์‹œ์„ ". ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ผ๋ณด.
  33. โ†‘ 33.0 33.1 ์ „ (Jeon), ์†Œ์˜ (So Young) (2018-05-19). "[ํŒฌ๋ค์— ๋น ์ง„ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญโ‘ข] ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ์•Œ ๋‚ณ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์œ„ '์•„์ด๋Œ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ ์‚ฐ์—…'". ํˆฌ๋ฐ์ด์‹ ๋ฌธ.
  34. โ†‘ ๊น€ (Kim), ์€๋นˆ (Eun bin) (2017-12-31). "๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํŒ๋งค ์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ '์„ฑ์ƒํ’ˆํ™” ๋…ผ๋ž€' ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ ๊ตฟ์ฆˆ". ์ค‘์•™์ผ๋ณด.


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