Italian conquest of the Horn of Africa
| Italian conquest of the Horn of Africa | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Interwar Period and the East African Campaign of World War II | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Sultanate of Hobyo Majeerteen Sultanate Ethiopian Empire British Empire | |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Benito Mussolini |
Sheikh Hassan Barsane (POW) Omar Samatar Haile Selassie Arthur Chater | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
|
1,148 Italians killed 161 Italian casualties (1940)[2] |
275,000 Ethiopians killed (1935–36)[1][3] 260 British casualties (1940)[4] 1,000 Somali casualties (1940)[5] | ||||||
| 150,000 Ethiopians killed by mustard gas[6] | |||||||
The Italian conquest of the Horn of Africa was initiated in 1924 by the fascist government of Italy under Benito Mussolini. The Italian colony of Somalia had been totally pacified by late 1927.[7] In 1935, Mussolini launched an invasion of Ethiopia. By mid-1936, after 2 years of war Italy controlled almost all of Ethiopia, including its capital, Addis Ababa.[8] In 1940, Italian troops invaded British Somaliland, expelling the British. The Italians also occupied the bordering Kenya areas along the Oltregiuba, around the villages of Moyale and Buna.
Ethiopian losses from the Italian invasion and occupation[edit]
The Ethiopians recorded 275,000 combatants killed in action, 78,500 patriots (guerrilla fighters) killed during the occupation, 17,800 civilians killed by aerial bombardment and 30,000 in the February 1937 massacre, 35,000 people died in concentration camps, 24,000 executed by Summary Courts, 300,000 persons died of privation due to the destruction of their villages, amounting to 760,300 deaths.[9]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shinn, David H.; Ofcansky, Thomas P. (2013). Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. p. 234. ISBN 9780810874572. Search this book on
- ↑ The Invasion of British Somaliland. The Aftermath. Search this book on
- ↑ Sandler, Stanley (2002). Ground Warfare: An International Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 160. ISBN 9781576073445. Search this book on
- ↑ The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). pp. 178–179. Search this book on
- ↑ Le Operazioni in Africa Orientale: (giugno 1940 – novembre 1941) [Operations in East Africa: (June 1940 – November 1941)] (in Italian). 1988. p. 188. Search this book on
- ↑ Michael, Kinch (2016). A Prescription for Change: The Looming Crisis in Drug Development. UNC Press Books. p. 66. Search this book on
- ↑ Great Powers and Little Wars: The Limits of Power. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1993. p. 176. Search this book on
- ↑ "Italo-Ethiopian War | Causes, Summary, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-03-03.
- ↑ "Secondary Wars and Atrocities of the Twentieth Century". Necrometrics.
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