Jahangir's Mewar Campaign
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| Jahangir's Mewar Campaign | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Mughal conquest of Mewar | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Kingdom of Mewar |
 Mughal Empire | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Amar Singh |
Prince SalimMan Singh | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
The Jahangir's Mewar Campaign was a military expedition of the Mughal empire towards the Rajputs of Mewar. After the invasion by Jagannath Kachwaha in 1585, the Mughal Empire did not launch any major expeditions to Mewar until Maharana Pratap's death in 1597A.D. From 1585 until his death, Maharana Pratap didn't face any invasions from the Mughals as the Emperor Akbar was preoccupied with internal matters and expeditions to Afghanistan. Following Maharana Pratap's death in 1597 A.D., his son Amar Singh assumed his father's mantle over certain areas of Mewar. A new expedition, led by the then Prince Salim, also known as Jahangir, accompanied by Man Singh, was launched with the objective of weakening the power of Mewar. This attempt took place around 1599 or in 1600 A.D.[3]
Background[edit]
During Maharana Pratap's reign, the kingdom of Mewar faced significant adversity under the rule of the Mughals. However, from 1585 until his death, Pratap enjoyed a peaceful rule in his small area of western Mewar.[4][5][6] After Pratap's death in 1597, his son was crowned as the ruler of Mewar. Amar Singh continued his father's fight for independence.[5] The Mughals took the offensive again, and in 1599 Akbar sent Prince Salim and Raja Man Singh to invade Mewar. [7]The Prince frittered away his time in the pursuit of pleasure at Ajmer, but the valiant Raja aided by other officers did a great deal. Amar Singh led the attack, but he was defeated, and his country was devastated by the imperialists.[8] The campaign came to an end abruptly, when Raja Man Singh was called away by the Emperor in order to quell the revolt of Usman Khan in Bengal.A momentous event unfolded in Mewar when the Mughals orchestrated a devastating defeat against Rana Amar Singh, prompting his retreat to the rugged terrain. Despite Prince Salim's exhaustive efforts to locate him in the hilly regions of Mewar, Amar Singh remained elusive. Following the defeat, Mewar endured extensive looting, and the Mughals strategically positioned their outposts in pivotal areas that had previously been under Rana's jurisdiction.[6][5] This event marked a significant turning point, solidifying Mughal dominance while diminishing the authority of the Rajputs in the region.The repeated invasions in Mewar led to a depletion of its resources and weakened the resolve of Rana.[9][5]
Mughal-Mewar Skirmishes[edit]
| Name of battle | Year of Battle | Belligerent 1 | Belligerent 2 | Commanders | Commanders | Territorial changes | Victory |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battle of Haldighati | 1576A.D. | Mughal Empire |
Kingdom of Mewar |
Man Singh |
Maharana Pratap |
Gogunda annexed to Mughal empire | Mughal victory
|
| Recapture of Gogunda | 1577A.D. | Mughal empire |
Kingdom of Mewar |
Man Singh |
Maharana Pratap |
Gogunda Re-annexed | Mughal victory
|
| Capture of Kumbhalgarh | 1578A.D. | Mughal empire |
Kingdom of Mewar |
Shahbaz Khan Kamboh |
Maharana Pratap |
Kumbhalgarh Annexed | Mughal victory
|
| Capture of Mandalgarh | 1578A.D. | Mughal empire |
Kingdom of Mewar |
Shahbaz Khan Kamboh |
Maharana Pratap |
Mandalgarh annexed | Mughal victory
|
| Capture of Central Mewar | 1579A.D. | Mughal empire |
Kingdom of Mewar |
Shahbaz Khan Kamboh |
Maharana Pratap |
Pratap's influence swept from central mewar | Mughal victory
|
| Battle of Sherpura | 1580A.D. | Mughal empire |
Kingdom of Mewar |
Abdul Rahim |
Maharana Pratap |
No territorial changes | Mughal victory
|
The Campaign[edit]
Until the death of Pratap, the emperor was preoccupied with domestic affairs. Following Pratap's death, a military expedition led by Prince Salim, and accompanied by Man Singh, was dispatched.[5][9] This expedition was aimed at Mewar to quash the authority of Rana Amar Singh.[9][5] The invasion resulted in a decisive defeat for Pratap's successor and the Man Singh invested the country of Mewar.This skirmish had taken place around 1599 or in 1600 A.D.[5][6]
Aftermath[edit]
Following the defeat in the expedition, the authority of the Rana of Mewar was significantly weakened, resulting in the loss of a number of crucial outposts to the Mughals.[5][6] Among these were pivotal Mewar outposts such as Ontala, Mandal, Mohi, and Bagore, all of which were subsequently annexed by the Mughals as part of their expanding territories.[4][5]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ Singh, Surender (2008). Popular Literature and Pre-Modern Societies In South Asia. Pearson India. p. 68. ISBN 9789332509818. Search this book on
- ↑ Bhagi, M.L. (1965). Medieval India, Culture and Thought. Indian Publications. p. 45. Search this book on
- ↑ Mehta, Jl. Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 246. ISBN 978-81-207-1015-3. Search this book on
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sharma, G. N. (1954). Mewar and the mughal emperors. pp. 124–125. Search this book on
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 Srivastava, lal Ashirbadi (1957). Akbar The Great Vol 1. pp. 462–464. Search this book on
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Sharma S. R (1934). Mughal Empire In India 1526 1761 Part I. Osmania University, Digital Library Of India. Karnatak Printing Press. pp. 257–258. Search this book on
- ↑ Awan, Muhammad Tariq (1994). History of India and Pakistan: pt. 1. Great Mughals. Ferozsons. p. 194. ISBN 978-969-0-10035-1. Search this book on
- ↑ Mahajan, V. D. (2007). History of Medieval India. S. Chand Publishing. p. 81. ISBN 978-81-219-0364-6. Search this book on
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Majumdar R.c. (1974). The Mughul Empire. p. 132. Search this book on
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