Juliann Kurtzmann
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Juliann Gerchard Kurzmann | |
|---|---|
| 1928- 1945 | |
| In office 1928–1945 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 7 April 1907 Vienna, Austro-Hungary |
| Died | 27 August 1979 (aged 72) Vienna, Austria |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Austro-Hungary  Nazi Germany |
| Branch/service |  German Army |
| Years of service | 1928 - 1945 |
| Rank |  Generalmajor |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
Juliann Gerhard Kurzmann (German: Juliann Gerchard Kurzmann; 07.04.1907, Vienna, Austro-Hungary - 27.08.1979, Vienna, Austria) was an Austrian military figure, Generalmajor of the Wehrmacht. He fought in France, Ukraine, near Moscow, and also participated in the storming of Berlin and Vienna.
Biography[edit]
Juliann Kurzmann was born in 1907 in Vienna. At the age of 17, he began studying at a military school in Dresden.[1] While studying at this school, he learned Russian. In 1928, hegraduated from the college with the rank of lieutenant.
In 1938 he became a Hauptmann. He participated in the Polish campaign, and after its completion he received Iron cross 2nd[2] class for bravery shown on the battlefield and the rank of Colonel for his services. Juliann was given command of the 117th Infantry Regiment[3]. In 1941, he went to the Eastern Front, fought in Ukraine.
In 1942, he participated in the Battle of Stalingrad, his regiment stormed several houses. In February 1943, he was wounded and was in the hospital until April 1943. After recovering, he received the Iron Cross 1st Class[4] and the rank of Generalmajor for his successes in the Battle of Stalingrad, but instead of a division he received 3 regiments. On the 5th of March, he Julianne arrived in Kharkov, and participated in the Third Battle of Kharkov.
In 1943, he was given command of the 702nd infantry division, but he was immediately removed from command. In 1944, Juliann was given command of the 220th Infantry Division[5]. His division took a minor part in the Battles in Hungary.
In 1945, he retreated to Vienna, and took part in the storming of Vienna. When the Red Army captured Vienna, he retreated to Amstetten. During the storming of Amstetten, the 220th infantry division was destroyed on the first day of the battle. After the destruction, Juliann left for Berlin. In Berlin, Juliann was given command of 2 regiments. He held the defense at the river Spree. After the fighting, 10 out of more than 4 thousand people remained, and they surrendered.
In captivity, all personal diaries, notes and documents were taken from Juliann Kurtzmann[6]. Juliann was released from captivity even before the capitulation of Nazi Germany, and fled to Croatia. In 1947 he moved to Austria.
After the war[edit]
After the war, he moved back to Vienna and started a family. He died of natural causes in 1979. Almost all of Juliann Kurtzmann's memoirs and diaries have been lost, only a small part is kept in Moscow[7]
Medals and insignia[edit]
- Medal "For the Winter campaign in the East 1941/42"
- Iron Cross 2nd Class
- Iron Cross 1st Class
- German Cross
- Medal "For long service in the Wehrmacht" - 4th class
- Medal "For long service in the Wehrmacht" - 3rd class
Footnotes[edit]
- ↑ "Russisch-deutsches Projekt zur Digitalisierung deutscher Dokumente in den Archiven der Russischen Föderation | Akte 10. Unterlagen der Infanterieschule Dresden: Ausarbeitungen zum Infanteriedienst (I. und II. Lehrgang), Anleitung zur Anlage und Leitung von Kampfaufgaben, Dienstplan für die Rekrutenausbildung u.a." wwii.germandocsinrussia.org. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
- ↑ Fellgiebel 2000, p 192
- ↑ "Russisch-deutsches Projekt zur Digitalisierung deutscher Dokumente in den Archiven der Russischen Föderation | Findbuch 12482 - Regimenter der Wehrmacht". wwii.germandocsinrussia.org. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
- ↑ Fellgiebel 2000, p 192
- ↑ "Russisch-deutsches Projekt zur Digitalisierung deutscher Dokumente in den Archiven der Russischen Föderation | Findbuch 12477 - Infanterie- und Sicherungsdivisionen der Wehrmacht, 1934-1945". wwii.germandocsinrussia.org. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
- ↑ "Russisch-deutsches Projekt zur Digitalisierung deutscher Dokumente in den Archiven der Russischen Föderation | Findbuch 12480 - Beutedokumente der sowjetischen Militäraufklärung". wwii.germandocsinrussia.org. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
- ↑ "Российско-германский проект по оцифровке германских документов в архивах Российской Федерации | Фонд 500". wwii.germandocsinrussia.org. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
Books and Literature[edit]
- Berger, Florian. Mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern. Die höchstdekorierten Soldaten des Zweiten Weltkrieges
- Personal diaries and memoirs of Wehrmacht officers
- Book:Mitch S.:Commanders of the 3rd Reich
- Russian Archive: The Great Patriotic War: Foreign prisoners of war of the Second World War in the USSR.
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- 1907 births
- 1979 deaths
- Officers of arms
- Military of Austria
- Military of Nazi Germany
- Major generals of the German Army (Wehrmacht)
- Recipients of the Iron Cross, 2nd class
- Recipients of the Iron Cross, 1st class
- Military personnel from Vienna
- German military personnel of World War II
- German prisoners of war in World War II held by the Soviet Union
