Justin D. Maddox
Justin D. Maddox (February 6, 1973) is an American expert on political warfare, and an academic, author and former candidate for election to the Virginia House of Delegates. He has served as a branch chief at the Central Intelligence Agency, deputy coordinator of the U.S. Global Engagement Center at the U.S. Department of State and an advisor to the secretary of Homeland Security. He served in the U.S. Army officer as psychological operations team leader. He is the CEO of Inventive Insights LLC, consulting on strategic communications capabilities, and he is an adjunct professor of national security studies at George Mason University.
Early life and education[edit]
Maddox is the son of General David M. Maddox and Ethelmary Maddox (née McCleskey). He attended various Department of Defense Dependents Schools and graduated from Bad Kreuznach American High School, Germany, in 1991. He received his B.A. from St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, in 1995, and his M.A. from Georgetown University’s Security Studies Program in 2004.[1]
Maddox worked as a freelance journalist during his undergraduate years.[2][3][4]
Military and civilian government career[edit]
Maddox began his professional career as a U.S. Army Psychological Operations specialist. Afterwards, he joined the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) at the Department of Energy and served as an operations officer for the U.S. Nuclear Emergency Support Team (NEST).[5]
In 2003, Maddox deployed to Iraq as part of the Iraq Survey Group, whose mission was to find weapons of mass destruction. Maddox wrote an article in ‘’’The New York Times Magazine’’’ about his experience there, titled “The Day I Realized I Would Never Find Weapons Of Mass Destruction In Iraq.”[6]
Maddox joined the Department of Homeland Security in 2004, serving as an intelligence advisor to Secretary Tom Ridge and then to Secretary Michael Chertoff, and was DHS's intelligence briefer to the U.S. Congress.[5]
In 2006, Maddox joined the Central Intelligence Agency and was assigned to the Counterterrorism Mission Center (CTMC), first serving as deputy chief of the CIA's Counterterrorism Targeting and Analysis Cell in Baghdad and later managing an analytic branch leading U.S. efforts to assess messaging opportunities for foreign audiences and to counter messaging by adversaries and their supporters.[5]
In 2014, Maddox was named deputy coordinator of the U.S. Center for Strategic Counterterrorism Communications (CSCC) at the Department of State, which was responsible for coordinating U.S. communications against terrorist propaganda, particularly Al Qaeda and the Islamic State terrorist group. The CSCC was reorganized in 2016, as the U.S. Global Engagement Center.[7][8][9][10]
Maddox later detailed the work of the organization and the reorganization in “Lessons from the Information War: Applying Effective Technological Solutions to the Problems of Online Disinformation and Propaganda,” for the George Washington University Program on Extremism.[11]
Academic career[edit]
Maddox became an adjunct professor of national security studies at George Mason University's Volgenau School of Engineering in 2010, and developed and taught the graduate course National Security Challenges for ten years, focusing on effective uses of technology against strategic threats.[12]
His unclassified assessment of influence operations, titled “How To Start a War: Eight Cases of Strategic Provocation,” was published by George Mason University in 2015.[13]
In 2021, Maddox developed and began teaching a graduate course titled “Disinformation and Policy Responses” for GMU's Schar School of Policy and Government.[14]
He has focused in part on the difficulty of combining foreign and domestic counter-disinformation capabilities. He described the complexity of combined foreign and domestic influence operations in “A reductive look at narrative dynamics contributing to the US Capitol violence on 6 January 2021,” which Maddox briefed to the National Commission to Investigate the January 6 Attack on the United States Capitol Complex.[15]
Private sector and public commentary[edit]
In 2017, Maddox resigned from the U.S. government and founded Inventive Insights LLC, a strategic communications consultancy.
He has frequently participated in national and international discussions of political warfare[16][17][18] and he has published several perspectives on the new era of political warfare in scholarly journals and policy reviews, including “Toward a More Ethical Approach to Countering Disinformation Online,” for Public Diplomacy Magazine,[19] and “Toward a Whole-of-Society Framework for Countering Disinformation,” for West Point's Modern War Institute.[20]
Political views[edit]
Maddox ran unsuccessfully as a moderate Republican for a seat in the Virginia House of Delegates in the predominantly Democratic 45th District, representing the city of Alexandria. He sought to reassert normalcy in a political system that he assessed had gone too far left and right.[21] He sought to fix the damage that extremist politics had done and publicly described] his political candidacy as "running toward the fire."[22] In this context, Maddox was cited in a New York Times article for confronting an entrenched Republican who advocated using violence to reverse the 2020 Presidential Election results.[23]
Marriage and children[edit]
Maddox is married to former CIA officer Lisa N. Maddox (née Novom), whose observations on the war in Afghanistan, based on her participation, were featured in the 2020 Showtime Networks documentary The Longest War, and who is the CEO of Family History Intelligence. They are the parents of two daughters.[24]
Published works[edit]
- National Nuclear and Radiological Homeland Security Strategy, US Government, 2003
- How To Start a War: Eight Cases of Strategic Provocation, George Mason University Journal of Narrative and Conflict, 2016
- National Counter-ISIL Communications Strategy, US Government, 2016
- The Tragedy of the Mass-Shooter Algorithm, LAWFARE, 2017
- Lessons from the Information War: Applying Effective Technological Solutions to the Problems of Online Disinformation and Propaganda, George Washington University Program on Extremism, 2019
- Russia’s disinformation doctrine, rewritten by Artificial Intelligence, medium.com, 2019.
- Edward Maddox, Justice and Doctor: Putting a Cavalier's Complex Background Into Context, Magazine of Virginia Genealogy, 2019.
- The Day I Realized I Would Never Find Weapons of Mass Destruction in Iraq, The New York Times, 2020.
- Toward a More Ethical Approach to Countering Disinformation Online, Public Diplomacy Magazine, 2020.
- Toward a Whole-of-Society Framework for Countering Disinformation, West Point Modern War Institute, 2021.
- What Motivated J6 Participation, medium.com, 2022.
- Our Compulsion To Violence: A Look at the Forces That Moved Two Brothers to Fight Each Other During the Civil War, The Civil War Monitor, 2022.
- Russia's Active Measures: Recent CBRN-enabled Influence Operations, Center for the Study of Democracy, 2022.
References[edit]
- ↑ "Justin Maddox - Ballotpedia Survey Connection". Ballotpedia. 2021-04-08. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (1994-07-13). "Playing with fire: Reporter steps into firefighters' boots for training exercise". The Washington Times. p. C14.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (1994-09-30). "Climber reaching for peak". The Annapolis Capital. p. 1.
- ↑ Maddox, Justin D. (1993-07-22). "Community video tells the Heidelberg story". [The Heidelberg Herald-Post. p. P3.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "J.D. Maddox". LinkedIn.com. LinkedIn. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (2020-01-29). "The Day I Realized I Would Never Find Weapons of Mass Destruction in Iraq". The New York Times. Retrieved 2023-02-23.
- ↑ Karla, Adam (2015-09-21). "Dozens of fighters are defecting from the Islamic State. Here's why". The Washington Post. The Washington Post. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ "AP: Islamic State's Twitter Traffic Drops Amid US Efforts". The New York Times. The New York Times. 2016-07-09. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ Bing, Chris (2016-07-11). "Inside the tech being used to combat ISIL online". FedScoop. FedScoop. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (2018). "JD Maddox explains what the Global Engagement Center is and what they do [Video]". Center for Strategic and International Studies. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (2019). "Lessons from the Information War: Applying Effective Technological Solutions to the Problems of Online Disinformation and Propaganda" (PDF). George Washington University. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ "J.D. Maddox - Schar School of Policy and Government". Virginia: George Mason University. 2012-01-01. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ "How To Start a War: Eight Cases of Strategic Provocation". George Mason University. 2016. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ "J.D. Maddox". George Mason University. 2021. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (2022). "What Motivated J6 Participation". Medium. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ "General Overview on Disinformation [Video]". Global Security Forum. October 2021. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ "Large Language Models and the Future of Disinformation [Video]". Center for Security and Emerging Technology. YouTube. December 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ "US professor Justin Maddox told BNT: We are fighting disinformation in a new way [Video]". The World And Us. Bulgarian National Television. December 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (2020). "Toward a More Ethical Approach to Countering Disinformation Online" (PDF). Public Diplomacy Magazine. University of Southern California. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ Maddox, J.D. (2021). "Toward a Whole-of-Society Framework for Countering Disinformation". Modern War Institute. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ Maddox, Justin (2021-10-29). "Justin "J.D." Maddox: Why you should vote for me in the 45th District". ARLNow. Alexandria, Virginia. Retrieved 2023-02-25.
- ↑ "Maddox For Virginia, Twitter". Twitter. 2021. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ↑ Draper, Robert (2022-02-04). "Michael Flynn Is Still At War". The New York Times. New York. Retrieved 2023-02-25.
- ↑ "Lisa Maddox, LinkedIn". LinkedIn. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
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