K-DEMO
| Korean Fusion Demonstration Reactor | |
|---|---|
| Device type | Tokamak |
| Location | South Korea |
| Technical specifications | |
| Major radius | 6.8 m |
| Minor radius | 4.2 m |
| Magnetic field | 7.4 T |
| Fusion power | 700 MW (Maximum Proposed electrical generation) 2200 MW (Maximum Proposed thermal energy from fusion) |
| Plasma current | 12 MA |
The Korean Fusion Demonstration Reactor (K-DEMO) is a proposed tokamak fusion reactor, which uses a magnetic field in order to confine plasma and generate energy. The goal of the project is to reach steady-state operation as opposed to pulses that other projects like JET, ITER and KSTAR have/will have done. The K-DEMO reactor will likely be one of the first DEMOnstration Power Plants alongside EU DEMO, JA-DEMO and the Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production, STEP, with net energy production to the grid. The benefits of nuclear fusion are apparent: low carbon footprint, lack of dangerous long-lasting radioactive isotopes seen in fission, sustainable.[1]
Aims and Objectives
The project's main purpose is to prove commercial energy production on a large scale. The proposed fusion output is expected to be between 2200-3000 MW thermal, with 400-700 MW electrical produced.[1]
As with most Tokamak designs, the fusion reactor will heat water to drive steam turbines thus providing electricity to the grid.
Design
The design will implement vertically symmetric double null diverters and tritium breeding blankets with neutron multipliers in order to breed its own fuel. Water is the current suggested coolant mechanism.
The reactor will be designed under the Korean Nuclear Safety act with fusion-compatibility. K-DEMO is expected to store 144 GJ and its magnets 188% more than ITER.[2]
Timeline
Design frameworks for DEMO reactors in general are set to follow EU DEMO's guidelines as set out in the DEMOnstration Power Plant article.
In 2012, European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) presented a roadmap to fusion power with a plan showing the dependencies of DEMO activities on ITER and IFMIF.[3]
- Conceptual design to be complete in 2020[3]:63
- Engineering design complete, and decision to build, in 2030
- Construction from 2031 to 2043
- Operation from 2044, Electricity generation demonstration 2048
This 2012 roadmap was intended to be updated in 2015 and 2019.[3]:49 The EFDA was superseded by EUROfusion in 2013. The roadmap was subsequently updated in 2018.[4]
- Conceptual design to be complete before 2030
- Engineering design 2030-2040
- Construction from 2040
This would imply operations commencing sometime in the 2050s.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kim, Beom Seok; Hong, Suk-Ho; Kim, Keeman (2022-05-18). "Preliminary assessment of the safety factors in K-DEMO for fusion compatible regulatory framework". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 8276. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.8276K. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-12389-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9117233 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 35585120 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ [1]Preliminary assessment of the safety factors in K-DEMO for fusion compatible regulatory framework
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Fusion Electricity - A roadmap to the realisation of fusion energy Archived 2017-05-30 at the Wayback Machine EFDA 2012 - 8 missions, ITER, DEMO, project plan with dependencies, ...
- ↑ EUROfusion. "Roadmap". www.euro-fusion.org. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 2019-03-27. Unknown parameter
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