Kabyle diaspora
 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
 Algeria | 2–2,5 million[1][2][3] |
 France | c. 1 million[4][5] |
 Canada | 37,415[6] |
| Languages | |
| Kabyle Algerian Arabic, French | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Muslim Christian and Irreligious minorities | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Kabyles | |
The Kabyle diaspora consists of Kabyle people and their descendants living outside of Kabylia. It includes regions of Algeria such as Algiers, countries of Europe (France, Belgium and the United-Kingdom) and countries of North America (the United States and Canada).
Distribution
Today, the largest population of Kabyle people is in Algeria, mainly in Algiers, but also in Sétif, Constantine and Oran.[1][3]
Outside of Algeria, the largest Kabyle population is in France. It is estimated that around a million of Kabyles live in France.
History
During the Ottoman era, many kabyles temporary emigrated from the Kabyle kingdoms to enroll in the armies of the deys of Algiers and Tunis.[7]
Two years after the defeat of Emir Abdelkader in 1847, many Kabyle religious families emigrated to Syria but their number remained small.[8]
In 1871, following the Mokrani Revolt, many Kabyles emigrated to Metropolitan France. Other ones, who escaped summary executions, were deported to New Caledonia, where many of their descendants still live.[9]
In 1905, France's economic expansion attracted a large population of Kabyles from Great Kabylia. After the First World War, many demobilized soldiers also remained in metropolitan France.[10] In 1902, according to an investigative commission, it is estimated that nearly 10,000 Kabyles were woring in France, particulary in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais. By 1934, Kabyles accounted for three quarters of the Algerian immigrants and by 1950, 50 to 60% of the Algerians working in France were of Kabyle origin.[11]
Culture
Many Kabyle cultural and social associations exist within the members of the diaspora to promote and preserve the Kabyle culture. These include Amitié France Kabylie, the French-Kabyle association Tilelli, Les Amis de la Kabylie, the Breizh-Kabyle association, Radio Tiziri, as well as many village-based associations.[12]
Religion
While most Kabyles are muslims, Christian Kabyle community also exists, mainly composed of Catholics and Evangelicals. In the Paris region, a non-CNEF-affiliated "Evangelical Kabyle Church of Paris" is located on Rue Jules-Auffret in Pantin.[13]
Political positions
In France, many Kabyle movements and associations such as the Movement for the Self-Determination of Kabylia and the CFK (Coordination des Kabyles de France) exist.
In 2021, members of the Kabyle diaspora in Canada protested in Montreal against the Algerian government's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, the alleged manipulation sorrounding those responsible for the wildfires in Kabylia, the arrests of activists and the growing phenomenon of harragas by the Algerian government. In 2024, Radio-Canada reported on pressure by the Algerian government on Canadian citizens of Kabyle origin who were close to the MAK movement.[14][15]
Notable people
Cinema
- Isabelle Adjani (through father)[16]
- Dany Boon (through father)[17]
- Jalil Lespert (through mother)[18]
- Samy Naceri (through father)[19]
- Marie-José Nat (through father)[20]
- Daniel Prévost (through father)[21]
- Jacques Villeret (through father)[22]
Literature
- Alice Zeniter (through father)[23]
Music
- Slimane Azem[24]
- El Hadj M'Hamed El Anka[25]
- Cheikh El Hasnaoui[26]
- El Hachemi Guerouabi[27]
- DJ Snake (through mother)[28]
- Rachid Taha (through father)[29]
Politics
- Fadela Amara[30]
- Tarik Brahmi[31]
- Lydia Guirous[32]
- Hadja Lahbib[33]
- Ali André Mécili[34]
- Ferhat Mehenni, founder of the Movement for the Self-Determination of Kabylia
- Laurette Onkelinx [citation needed]
- Karim Ouchikh [citation needed]
Science
Sport
- Robert Abdesselam (through father)
- Karim Benzema
- Kylian Mbappé (through mother)
- Zinedine Zidane
Notes and references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Montenay, Yves (2020-08-20). "L'Algérie a mal à la Kabylie". Contrepoints (in français).
- ↑ "KABYLES: Le peuple kabyle". Encyclopædia Universalis (in français). 2025-01-29. Retrieved 2025-04-04.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ennaji, Moha (2014-04-16). Multiculturalism and Democracy in North Africa: Aftermath of the Arab Spring. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-81361-3. Retrieved 2025-04-04. Search this book on
- ↑ "Rapport du Comité consultatif pour la promotion des langues régionales et de la pluralité linguistique interne (2013)". www.culture.gouv.fr (in français). December 2013. Retrieved 2022-12-25.
- ↑ Chaker, S. (2004-05-01). "Kabylie: La langue". Encyclopédie berbère (in français). 26 (26): 4055–4066. doi:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.1431. ISSN 1015-7344.
- ↑ "Knowledge of languages by age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions". Census Profile, 2021 Census. Statistics Canada Statistique Canada. 7 May 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- ↑ Mahé, Alain (2001). Histoire de la grande Kabylie XIX-XXème siècles: Anthropologie historique du lien social dans les communautés villageoises (PDF) (in français). Éditions Bouchène. p. 30. Search this book on
- ↑ Mahé, Alain (2001). Histoire de la grande Kabylie XIX-XXème siècles: Anthropologie historique du lien social dans les communautés villageoises (PDF) (in français). Éditions Bouchène. p. 170. Search this book on
- ↑ Simon, Jacques (2007). Algérie: le passé, L'Algérie française, La révolution (1954-1958). L'Harmattan. p. 49-51. ISBN 978-2-296-16844-2. Search this book on
- ↑ Metref, Arezki (2021). "Avec les Kabyles de Ménilmontant". Le Monde diplomatique.
- ↑ Direche-Slimani, Karima. "Kabylie : L'émigration kabyle: Entre tradition économique et histoire politique". OpenEdition Journals - Encyclopédie Berbère.
- ↑ "Associations kabyles en France et dans la diaspora". Kabylie Guide. Retrieved 2026-05-14.
- ↑ "Église Évangélique Kabyle de Paris". eglises.org. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
- ↑ "Des Canadiens accusent l'Algérie d'espionnage". Radio-Canada. 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
- ↑ "Les Kabyles du Canada sont très inquiets". Le Matin d'Algérie. 2021-10-11.
- ↑ Isabelle Adjani : "Mon père, kabyle, s'était engagé dans l'armée française à 16 ans, et c'est en remontant d'Italie jusqu'en Bavière à la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale qu'il rencontre et séduit ma mère" Interview with Isabelle Adjani, Télérama, 31 March 2009
- ↑ ""היום אני יהודי גאה"". 3 December 2018.
- ↑ "Jalil Lespert – "Le réalisateur doit s'effacer derrière l'histoire !"". Le Petit Journal. Retrieved 2023-08-04.
- ↑ Carrière, Christophe; Ceaux, Pascal (10 January 2007). "Samy Naceri: le bon et la bête". L'Express (in français).
- ↑ Nat, Marie-José (4 May 2006). "Je n'ai pas oublié de". evene.fr. Archived from the original on 2007-04-15. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
- ↑ Daniel Prevost. Dernières nouvelles du père inconnu
- ↑ Sartirano, Claude; Durieux, Gilles (2008). "Du salon de coiffure aux J3". Villeret: du rire aux larmes (in français). Paris: L'Archipel.
Algérien de Kabylie, c'est un Berbère, issu d'une longue lignée dont les racines sont à Melbou, une ville située dans la wilaya de Béjaïa. Son patronyme est Boufroura.
Search this book on
- ↑ "Alice Zeniter brise le silence de la honte". Le Devoir (in français). Retrieved 2019-01-28..
- ↑ Nacib, Youssef (2002). Slimane Azem Le poète (in français). Paris: PUBLISUD. Search this book on
- ↑ Kitchell, Liza Parker (1998). The development of Kabyle song during the twentieth century. University of Wisconsin--Madison. p. 52. Search this book on
- ↑ Saliha Ibri. "Le chanteur kabyle El Hasnaoui exil et immigration". Études et Documents Berbères. 2015/1 (34): 199–210.
- ↑ https://data.bnf.fr/en/ark:/12148/cb138947868
- ↑ "Les 10 Essentiels de DJ Snake (lunettes de soleil, baskets blanches et Kinder Bueno)". GQ France. Retrieved 2023-05-30.
- ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p005y2pv
- ↑ Christine Bard et Sylvie Chaperon (Notice rédigée par Yannick Ripa) (2017). Dictionnaire des féministes. Paris: Presses universitaires de France. p. 31 à 33. ISBN 978-2-13-078720-4. OCLC 972902161. Template:BnF. Search this book on
- ↑ "Tarik Brahmi". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada.
- ↑ https://www.rfi.fr/en/20181028-algerian-born-french-right-winger-denounces-hate-campaign
- ↑ "Qui est Hadja Lahbib, nouvelle ministre des Affaires étrangères ?". Moustique (in français). 15 July 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
- ↑ https://www.abebooks.com/9781159870492/Personnalit%C3%A9-Kabyle-Zinedine-Zidane-Loun%C3%A8s-1159870497/plp
Bibliography
- Mailhe, Germaine (1995). Déportation en Nouvelle-Calédonie des communards et des révoltés de la Grande Kabylie (1872-1876). Éditions L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-29442-4. Search this book on
- Lalloui, Mehdi (1994). Kabyles du Pacifique. Au nom de la Mémoire. ISBN 978-2-910780-00-5. Search this book on
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