Kept on Wikipedia:Delayed auditory feedback
Delayed Auditory Feedback (DAF), also called delayed sidetone, is a type of altered auditory feedback that extends the time between speech and auditory perception.[1] It can consist of a device that enables a user to speak into a microphone and then hear their voice in headphones a fraction of a second later. Most delays that produce a noticeable effect are between 50–200 milliseconds (ms).
DAF is used to treat stuttering and has also been utilized in experiments to demonstrate the importance of auditory feedback in speech perception and production.[2]
Effects in people who stutter
DAF has been shown to improve fluency in people who stutter by reducing the speed of speech. It is most effective when used in both ears.[3]
Effects in people who do not stutter
Studies on people who do not stutter have shown that DAF can cause a reduction in the rate of speech, an increase in intensity, and an increase in fundamental frequency. Direct effects include repetition of syllables and mispronunciations.[4]
Effects in non-humans
In zebra finches, DAF can change the motor program of syllable timing generation, indicating similar effects to those observed in humans.[5]
References
- ↑ Ball, MJ; Code, C (1997). Instrumental Clinical Phonetics. London: Whurr Publishers. ISBN 978-1-897635-18-6. Retrieved 7 December 2015. Search this book on
- ↑ Perkell, J.; et al. (1997). "Speech Motor Control: Acoustic Goals, Saturation Effects, Auditory Feedback and Internal Models". Speech Communication. 22 (2–3): 227–250. doi:10.1016/S0167-6393(97)00026-5.
- ↑ Van Borsel, John; Drummond, Diana; de Britto Pereira, Mônica Medeiros (2010-09-01). "Delayed auditory feedback and acquired neurogenic stuttering". Journal of Neurolinguistics. The Multidimensional Nature Of Acquired Neurogenic Fluency Disorders. 23 (5): 479–487. doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2009.01.001. ISSN 0911-6044.
- ↑ Fairbanks, G. (1955). "Selective Vocal Effects of Delayed Auditory Feedback". J. Speech Hear. Disord. 20 (4): 333–346. doi:10.1044/jshd.2004.333. PMID 13272227.
- ↑ Fukushima, M; Margoliash, D (2015). "The effects of delayed auditory feedback revealed by bone conduction microphone in adult zebra finches". Scientific Reports. 5: 8800. Bibcode:2015NatSR...5E8800F. doi:10.1038/srep08800. PMC 4350079. PMID 25739659.
- Ball, M. J.; Code, C. (1984). Experimental Clinical Phonetics: Investigatory Techniques in Speech Pathology and Therapeutics. Croom Helm. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-7099-0730-5. Search this book on
- Orlikoff, R. F.; Baken, R. J. (2000). Clinical Measurement of Speech and Voice. Singular. p. 109. ISBN 978-1-56593-869-4. Search this book on
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