Kept on Wikipedia:Double group

In theoretical chemistry and physics, double groups are used in an extension of group theory.^[1] They were introduced by Hans Bethe in order to deal with magnetic properties of heavy elements. Essentially, rotation by 2π is treated as a symmetry operation separate from the identity operation.^[2] Character tables for the double groups D'4 and O' are given in appendix VII of Cotton (1971).^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Cotton, F. Albert (1971). Chemical Applications of Group Theory. New York: Wiley. pp. 289–294, 376. ISBN 0 471 17570 6. Search this book on
↑ Caride, A.O.; Zanette, S.I. (September 1985). "Double groups of point groups". Molecular Physics. 56 (1): 79–81. doi:10.1080/00268978500102171. ISSN 0026-8976. Retrieved 17 March 2022.

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[cotton-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Cotton, F. Albert (1971). Chemical Applications of Group Theory. New York: Wiley. pp. 289–294, 376. ISBN 0 471 17570 6. Search this book on

[Caride1985-2] Caride, A.O.; Zanette, S.I. (September 1985). "Double groups of point groups". Molecular Physics. 56 (1): 79–81. doi:10.1080/00268978500102171. ISSN 0026-8976. Retrieved 17 March 2022.

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