Kibi clan
The Kibi clan is a Japanese clan[1] centered in Okayama Prefecture[2][3][4] descended from Wakatakehiko the son of Emperor Kōrei, but their ancestor is Kibi no Makibi
They had navigational authority over the Seto Inland Sea.[4]
They alternatively may descend from Kibitsuhiko-no-mikoto who roughly ruled Okayama Prefecture.[5][6]
Kibitsu Shrine[edit]
The Kibitsu Shrine's rites are closely linked to its history. It was first made for the Kibi clan. The shrine's gods are the Kibi clan's ancestors who have become gods. These ancestors protect the Kibi area.[7](p239)
The shrine started as a place for the Kibi clan. It has the clan's ancestors as gods. This gives the shrine a pure and protective feel. The ancestors are seen as good and helpful spirits. This is how the shrine connects with chigo/mizuko. Chigo/mizuko means the souls of babies who died early or were not born.[7](p239)
The shrine places the chigo shrine next to the ancestor shrine. It also uses running water. This setup has several meanings:[7](p239)
- The water purifies the souls of chigo/mizuko. Mizuko is linked to water.[7](p239)
- Being near the ancestor shrine suggests these souls become kind and protective spirits.[7](p239)
- As protective spirits, the chigo/mizuko guard those who remember them.[7](p239)
This way, the Kibitsu Shrine uses its ties to the Kibi clan. It creates a respectful place for chigo/mizuko. It links them to the shrine's ancestral and protective gods.[7](p239)
The Kibitsu Shrine is an important historical site. It became popular in ancient times. The Kibi clan, who started the shrine, used to rule the area. They got the land from the court. Emperor Go-Shirakawa made the shrine the main place for his Department of Divinity. This was during the Jingikan period. But in the Kamakura period, things changed. The shrine's land was given to the Ninnaji temple. Because of this, many small temples were built in the shrine area.[7](p282)
During the Tokugawa era, the shrine's land became smaller. However, it still got a special land grant from the shogunate. This grant was for 160 koku of rice every year. There was a busy market near the shrine. People also visited teahouses and inns there. Inside the shrine area, there was a theater and a place for prostitutes. The shrine was a busy place along the San’yodō highway. This continued until the Meiji Restoration..[7](p282)
Harima Fudoki[edit]
The story of Emperor Keikō and Inami-no-Wakiiratsume in the Harima Fudoki shows the relationship between the Kibi clan and the Yamato Kingship. It suggests that the Inami area was once a border between the Yamato and Kibi regions.[8]
Inami-no-Wakiiratsume, a woman from Inami, is mentioned in several ancient texts. She is thought to be the younger sister of Oiratsume from the "Kojiki,". She might have been a queen in Harima.[8]
The Harima Fudoki does not mention Otarashihiko/Keiko as an emperor. Instead, Otarashihiko might have been a local leader in the Inami district of the Harima coast.[8]
Research[edit]
Conspiracy looking source[9]
Kibidera in Sakurai is the clan temple of the clan.[10]
In 713, at the suggestion of Bizen-no-kami Nanten - and Bizen-no-suke Kamitsukeno-no-Kenji the Eita, Katsuta, Tomata, Kume, Mashima, and Oba districts of Bizen Province were separated into a new province, and, and Kamitsukeno-no-Kenji was appointed as the first governor of Mimasaka. This separation was the final stage of the disintegration of the former Kingdom of Kibi, and was intended to further weaken the Kibi clan by putting its iron resources directly under the control of the Yamato government. In Mimasaka, there are many place names that are directly linked to people or places in Yamato. The ruins of the kokufu have been located within what is now the city of Tsuyama. The site is now located under the Tsuyama Sōja Shinto shrine. The Mimasaka Kokubun-ji and the ruins of the Mimasaka Kokubun-niji as located nearby, The ichinomiya of the province is the Nakayama Shrine, also located in Tsuyama.[15]
In Popular culture[edit]
The Kibi clan features in Age of Empires as an enemy faction alongside the Izumo clan.[16]
See Also[edit]
- Emperor Kōrei
- Mimasaka Province
- Kibi no Makibi
- Kibitsu Shrine (Bitchū)
- Kibi Clan Rebellion
- Draft:Wakatakehiko
- Draft:Mimis
Genealogy[edit]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ https://www.city.okayama.jp/shisei/cmsfiles/contents/0000012/12189/000196899.pdf
- ↑ Korean Social Science Journal. Korean Social Science Research Council. 1983. Search this book on
- ↑ Social Science Journal. Korean National Commission for Unesco. 1983. Search this book on
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Japan Quarterly. Asahi Shinbun. 1979. Search this book on
- ↑ Plutschow, Herbert E. (1995). Japan's Name Culture: The Significance of Names in a Religious, Political and Social Context. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-1-873410-42-4. Search this book on
- ↑ Plutschow, Herbert (2013-11-05). Matsuri: The Festivals of Japan: With a Selection from P.G. O'Neill's Photographic Archive of Matsuri. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-24705-9. Search this book on
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 Hardacre, Helen (2023-09-01). Marketing the Menacing Fetus in Japan. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-92204-4. Search this book on
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Palmer, Edwina (2015-11-09). Harima Fudoki: A Record of Ancient Japan Reinterpreted, Translated, Annotated, and with Commentary. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-26937-8. Search this book on
- ↑ Gorman, Michael S. F. (1999). The Quest for Kibi and the True Origins of Japan. Orchid Press. ISBN 978-974-8299-22-8. Search this book on
- ↑ McCallum, Donald F. (2008-11-30). The Four Great Temples: Buddhist Archaeology, Architecture, and Icons of Seventh-Century Japan. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-6473-6. Search this book on
- ↑ The Journal of the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan. ACCJ. 1986. Search this book on
- ↑ GA Document. A.D.A. Edita. 1995. Search this book on
- ↑ The East. East Publications. 1982. Search this book on
- ↑ Sugawara, Makoto (1986). The Ancient Samurai. East Publications. ISBN 978-4-915645-03-7. Search this book on
- ↑ "Nationwide List of Ichinomiya," p. 3 Archived 2013-05-17 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2012-11-20.
- ↑ Russell, Lawrence T. (1997). Age of Empires: Unauthorized Game Secrets. Prima Pub. ISBN 978-0-7615-1053-6. Search this book on
Bibliography[edit]
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5 Search this book on .; OCLC 58053128
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