Kingdom of Parissos
Kingdom of Parissos[1](Parisos, Parnes, Arm. Փառիսոս, Փառնես) - an Armenian feudal state that existed from the mid 970s or early 980s (?) to 1003/1004 AD(officially to 1017). The kingdom of Parissos was also called kingdom of Gardman, depending on where the kings residence was located, in the fortress of Parisos or in the fortress of Gardman, located next to each other.
http://www.attalus.org/armenian/er1011.gif
The kingdom of Parissos was established in the mid-70s or in the early 80s of the X-th century A.D., at that moment when the era of feudal fragmentation in Bagratid Armenia reached its climax[2][3][4], as a result of the unification of two medieval Armenian principalities: Parisos (Gardman) and Sevordik(which owned regions of Tavush and Shamkir(Shamkhor)). The kingdom was located on the territory of two ancient Armenian provinces (Ashkhars), Artsakh and Utik. In the south, it bordered on the Principality of Khachen, in the west - with the possessions of the Bagratid shahinshahs, in the north with the kingdom of Tashir-Dzorget, in the east it bordered with the Ganja emirate and on the Kura River with the Albanian-Armenian kingdom of Kampechan(Kambisene), of which there was it's ruling dynasty Smbatean-Haykides.
History[edit]
In 958, as a result of the unification of the two regions(ghawars of Parissos and Koght), the principality of prince Hovhannes-Senekerim was created, in which start to rule the descendants of the Haykides-Arranshahs from the Smbatean dynasty, the rulers of the kingdom of Sheki-Kambisena(Kampechan). The kingdom of Parissos was founded by prince Smbat, when he united his possessions with the principality of Sevordik, whose rulers and population came from the armenianized Hungarian tribe Sevord, who migrated to Armenia in the VI-VII centuries A.D.[5]. Kingdom was recognized and supported by Byzantium and the Ravvadides. Smbat was succeeded by his sons Senekerim and Grigor. With their death in 1003 and 1004, the dynasty of the Haykides of Parissos was suppressed, and their kingdom came under the control of the shahinshah Bagratuni Gagik I, who occupied Parissos in the military campagne out of his fear of Smbatean dynasty, whos dreamed of the restoration of kingdom of Albania(Arran) independent from Ani[6][7][8].
References[edit]
This article "Kingdom of Parissos" is from Simple English Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Kingdom of Parissos.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ http://www.pravenc.ru/text/76104.html#part_12
- ↑ Book| author = S. T. Eremyan | title = «История армянского народа»| edition = 3|= Erevan | publisher = «Вестн. обществ. наук АН Арм. ССР»|year = 1971|page =10
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/NAP/nap0132a.htm#nap013text147
It can be assumed that the Savir Union fell apart as a result of an unsuccessful struggle with the Turkic Kaganate. Menander, in any case, speaks of the resettlement of part of Savir in Transcaucasia in the 60-70s. This, obviously, is the same “Sabartoy Aspaloy,” about the departure of which to Persia Konstantin Bagryanorodny writes, although he connects this relocation with the events of the 9th century(war of the "Turks" and the Pechenegs); I think this is a mistake. In addition to the mentioned news of Menander, we have at our disposal other data on this issue related to the 9th - first half of the 10th century and confirming the mistake of Konstantin Bagryanorodny, that he wrote at the beginning of the tenth century. Ibn al-Fakih mentions as-Savardiya in the 9th century. And al-Mas’udi places Siyavurdiya on the river Kure below Tiflis, indicating that they are a branch of the Armenians. Armenian historian of the first half of the 10th century Iovannes Draskhanakertzi also places the Sevordik (plural, singular - Sevordi) in the province of Utik, that is near the city of Ganja. If the Sevardians were Armenized in the first half of the X century, this could not have happened during the life of two or three generations, so their resettlement in Transcaucasia took place long before the 9th century, most likely in the 6th – 7th centuries.
- ↑ [3]
Nevertheless, the shahanshahs(kings of kings) of the Ani kingdom— Smbat II (977–990) and Gagik I (990–1020) - managed to temporarily stabilize the situation. The Dvin(Dabil) emirate of Salarids, the principality of Vayots-dzor, and the territories of the Syunik and Parisos kingdoms were annexed to the kingdom of Ani.
- ↑ http://bse.sci-lib.com/article007851.html
- ↑ [4]
The locus classicus Asolik, III, ch. 48, which declares that in 1003-4, after the reign of Senek’erim and Grigor, the line of P’arisos issued from Hayk became extinct and its possessions were divided between Gagik of Ani and «P’atlun, amir of Gandzak».
